2023版高考英語大一輪復習Unit4Astronomythescienceofthestars復習練案新人教版必修3

PAGEPAGE4Unit4AstronomythescienceofthestarsⅠ.閱讀理解A(2022·福建)eq\x(導學號42492306)SIGNYOURCHILDUPFOR“FLYTOTHEMOONCLUB〞ANDENJOYAFREE*FLIGHTTOANYDESTINATIONINASIA!Witharegistrationfeeofjust$50perchild，childrenundertheageof12canjoinEagleAirways'FLYTOTHEMOONCLUBasmembers.TheycanthenenjoythesamebenefitsonboardEagleAirways'newestBoeing-797toanydestinationintheworld!BENEFITSYOUCAN'TMISS!?Afree*flighttoanydestinationinAsia?30%offanycourseatTanyaLanguageSchool?20%offanypurchasemadeatRubyBookstore?Afreenotebookwitheverypurchaseabove$50atStarlightStationery?AfreebowlofdessertforafamilyoffouratDon'sDinerswitheverysetdinnerordered?Abirthdaygiftonyourchild'sbirthday?AfreealbumcontainingpicturestakenduringthejourneyAllbookingsmadebefore12Septemberwillreceivefreetravelinsurancefortheentirefamily！**InsuranceisissuedbyLiveLifeInsuranceGroup.10%OFFALLBOOKINGSfordeparturesfrom5to11September2022*Childmustbeaccompaniedbytwopayingadults.**Termsandconditionsapply.文章大意：這是一那么廣告，航空公司成立的“飛向月球俱樂部〞招募成員，廣告主要介紹參加俱樂部后成員及家長可以享受的優(yōu)惠政策。1．Oneofthebenefitsmentionedintheadvertisementis__D__.A．afreeflighttoanydestinationintheworldB．30%offanybookpurchasedatRubyBookstoreC．afreebowlofdessertatanyrestaurantattheairportD．adiscountonanycourseatTanyaLanguageSchool解析：細節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)30%offanycourseatTanyaLanguageSchool可知D項正確。2．Whichofthefollowingbookingsmayreceivethemostbenefits？__D__A.BookingdateDeparturedateSeptember13September18B.BookingdateDeparturedateSeptember2September12C.BookingdateDeparturedateAugust15September4D.BookingdateDeparturedateAugust16September8解析：細節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)文中Allbookingsmadebefore12Septemberwillreceive...以及10%OFFALLBOOKINGSfordeparturesfrom5to11September2022可知D選項符合條件。3．WhichofthefollowingisTRUEaccordingtotheadvertisement？__A__A．Youneedtopay$50tosignupachildfortheclub.B．Clubmembersenjoyfreetravelinsuranceforanyflight.C．Theadvertisementisintendedforstudentsofallages.D．Anychildmustbeaccompaniedbyatleastonepayingadult.解析：細節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)文中Allbookingsmadebefore12Septemberwillreceivefreetravelinsurance...可知，并不是所有的航程都享受免費保險效勞，故排除B項；由首段的第一句話可知該俱樂部是針對12歲以下兒童的，故排除C項；根據(jù)文中最后的備注Childmustbeaccompaniedbytwopayingadults.可知D項錯誤。A項中的signup與首段第一句話中的registration對應，應選A項。B(2022·山西省太原市二模)eq\x(導學號42492307)Washington:NASAhasannouncedevidencethatJupiter'slargestmoon,Ganymede,hasasaltwateroceanunderitsicysurface.TheoceanseemstohavemorewaterthanallthewateronEarth'ssurface,accordingtonewHubbleobservation.NewHubbleobservationsofGanymede'smagneticfieldstronglysuggestthatthemoon,whichisthelargestinourwholesolarsystem,ishometoasubsurfaceocean.Scientistsestimatetheoceanis95kilometresthick,whichisabout10timesdeeperthanEarth'soceans.Butunlikeoursaltywaters,Ganymede'soceanisburiedunder150kilometresofice.Whilescientistshavespeculated(推測)since1970saboutthepresenceofanoceanonGanymede—thelargestmooninoursolarsystem—untilnowtheonlyobservationalevidencecamefromabriefflybybytheGalileospacecraft,whichdidn'tobservethemoonlongenoughtoconfirmaliquidocean.Thisdiscoverymarksanimportantmilestone,highlightingwhatonlyHubblecanaccomplish.Inits25yearsinorbit,Hubblehasmademanyscientificdiscoveriesinourownsolarsystem.AdeepoceanundertheicysurfaceofGanymedeopensupfurtherexcitingpossibilitiesforlifebeyondEarth.Scientists_have_already_confirmed_the_existence_of_an_ocean_on_Europe,_anothermoonorbitingJupiter,andNASAhasannouncedplanstosendanunmannedmissiontheresearchingforthelifethatmightcomewithliquidwater.HubbleisatelescopethatorbitsEarth,butbecauseofitsimpressivegravitationalanalysesitcanbeusedtostudytheinsideoffardistantplanets.Usingthesesameprinciples,scientistscouldtheoreticallydetectoceansondistantplanetsaswell.文章大意：本文是一篇新聞報道。NASA證實木星的最大衛(wèi)星Ganymede上有海洋，這一發(fā)現(xiàn)再次拓寬了科學家的視野，使探尋太陽系內地球以外的生命的努力更進了一步。4．WhatcanwelearnabouttheGanymedefromthepassage？__B__A．Itisaplanetwiththelargestmooninourwholesolarsystem.B．Itsoceanaddstopeople'sexcitementaboutlifebeyondEarth.C．ItwillbeusedbyNASAasabasefortheHubbletelescope.D．ItsliquidoceanwasfirstprovedbytheGalileospacecraft.解析：推理判斷題。根據(jù)第五段最后一句“AdeepoceanundertheicysurfaceofGanymedeopensupfurtherexcitingpossibilitiesforlifebeyondEarth.〞可知，木星衛(wèi)星Ganymede上海洋的存在激發(fā)了人們探索地球以外的生命的熱情。應選B項。5．Whichofthefollowingbestdescribesthewriter'sattitudetowardsHubble？__D__A．Cautious. B．Doubtful.C．Negative. D．Favourable.解析：推理判斷題。根據(jù)第五段第一句“Thisdiscoverymarksanimportantmilestone，highlightingwhatonlyHubblecanaccomplish.〞可知，這次具有里程碑意義的發(fā)現(xiàn)只有哈勃望遠鏡能夠完成。由此可推知，作者對哈勃望遠鏡持支持態(tài)度。應選D項。6．WhatdoestheunderlinedpartinParagraph6mean？__C__A．AnundergroundoceanhasbeenfoundinEurope.B．ThepresenceofanundergroundoceaninEuropeisnotpossible.C．ItisnowcertainthatthereisanoceanonEurope.D．NoevidencehasshowntheexistenceofanoceanonEurope.解析：句意猜想題。根據(jù)第六段中的“andNASAhasannouncedplanstosend...withliquidwater〞可知，因為Europa上有水存在，NASA才宣布要在Europa上搜尋地外生命；由此可推知，畫線句意為：科學家們已經證實Europa上存在海洋。應選C項。7．Whattypeofwritingdoesthispassagebelongto？__B__A．Atermessay. B．Anewsreport.C．Anexperimentreport. D．Anexplorationreview.解析：推理判斷題。根據(jù)第一段“Washington：NASAhasannouncedevidence...〞及文章內容可推知，本文為一篇新聞報道。應選B項。Ⅱ.七選五eq\x(導學號42492308)根據(jù)短文內容，從短文后的七個選項中選出正確的填入空白處。選項中有兩項為多余選項。(2022·北京高考)TheScienceofRisk-SeekingSometimeswedecidethatalittleunnecessarydangerisworthitbecausewhenweweightheriskandthereward,theriskseemsworthtasking.__1.F__Someofusenjoyactivitiesthatwouldsurpriseandscaretherestofus.Why?Expertssayitmayhavetodowithhowourbrainswork.Thereasonwhyanyofustakeanyrisksatallmighthavetodowithearlyhumans.Risk-takerswerebetterathunting,fighting,orexploring.__2.C__Asthequalityofrisk-takingwaspassedfromonegenerationtothenext,humansendedupwithasenseofadventureandatoleranceforrisk.Sowhyaren'twealljumpingoutofairplanesthen?Well,even200,000yearsago,toomuchrisk-takingcouldgetonekilled.Afewdaringsurvived,though,alongwithafewstay-in-the-cavetypes.Asaresult,humansdevelopedarangeofcharactertypesthatstillexiststoday.Somaybeyoulovecarracing,ormaybeyouhateit.__3.A__Nomatterwhereyouareontherisk-seekingrange,scientistssaythatyourwillingnesstotakerisksincreasesduringyourteenageyears.__4.E__Tohelpyoudothat,yourbrainincreasesyourhungerfornewexperiences.Newexperiencesoftenmeantakingsomerisks,soyourbrainraisesyourtoleranceforriskaswell.__5.G__Fortherisk-seekersapartofthebrainrelatedtopleasurebecomesactive,whilefortherestofus,apartofthebrainrelatedtofearbecomesactive.Asexpertscontinuetostudythescienceofrisk-seeking,we'llcontinuetohitthemountains,thewavesortheshallowendofthepool.A．Italldependsonyourcharacter.B．Thosearetherisksyoushouldjumptotake.C．Beingbetteratthosethingsmeantagreaterchanceofsurvival.D．Thus,thesewell-equippedpeoplesurvivedbecausetheywerethefittest.E．Thisiswhenyoustarttomoveawayfromyourfamilyandintothebiggerworld.F．However,wearenotallusingthesamereferencestandardtoweighrisksandrewards.G．Newbrainresearchsuggestsourbrainsworkdifferentlywhenwefaceanervoussituation.文章大意：這是一篇說明文，作者講的是有關冒險的科學的探索方面的內容。解析：1．選項F中的“weighrisksandrewards〞與上文的“weightheriskandthereward〞相照應，故F項符合語境。2．選項C中的“Beingbetteratthosethings〞與上文的“werebetterathunting，fighting，orexploring〞相照應，因此選C。3．前文說人們有各種不同的性格，因此你可能喜歡賽車，或者討厭賽車，故A項“這完全是由你的性格決定的〞符合語境。4．根據(jù)上文的“yourwillingness...teenageyears〞及下文的“hungerfornewexperiences...〞可知E項符合語境。5．根據(jù)空后的“Fortherisk-seekers...becomesactive〞可知，此處講的是面對緊張的局面時我們的大腦會有不同的反響，故G項符合語境。Ⅲ.短文改錯eq\x(導學號42492309)假定英語課上老師要求同桌之間交換修改作文，請你修改你同桌寫的以下作文。文中共有10處錯誤，每句中最多有兩處。錯誤涉及一個單詞的增加，刪除或修改。增加：在缺詞處加一個漏字符號(∧)，并在其下面寫出該加的詞。刪除：把多余的詞用(\)劃掉。修改：在錯的詞下畫一橫線，并在該詞下面寫出修改后的詞。注意：1.每處錯誤及其修改均僅限一詞；2．只允許修改10處，多者(從第11處起)不計分。(2022·青島市二模)Mannersareimportanttohappyrelationsamongpeople.Noonelikedapersonwithbadmanners.Havinggoodmannersisseenbymanypeopleforasignofculturalunderstandingandgoodtaste.Politewordsareoneoftheexample.Whenmeetpeople,saying“Hello！〞or“Howareyou？〞andsoonmeansyouareverypolite,whichwillmakethateasyforyoutocommunicatewithothers.However,otherpeoplewillhategettingonwithyouandyourlifewillbecomedifficulty.Onlysayingpolitewordscanyougetonwellwithothers.Allintheall,itispolitewordswhichwillmakeyourlifebecomeconvenient.答案：Mannersareimportanttohappyrelationsamongpeople.Nooneeq\o(liked,\s\do11(likes))apersonwithbadmanners.Havinggoodmannersisseenbymanypeopleeq\o(for,\s\do11(as))asignofculturalunderstandingandgoodtaste.Politewordsareoneoftheeq\o(example,\s\do11(examples)).Wheneq\o(meet,\s\do11(meeting))people,saying“Hello！〞or“Howareyou？〞andsoonmeansyouareverypolite,whichw