中考英語(yǔ)被動(dòng)語(yǔ)態(tài)語(yǔ)法專(zhuān)題講練含答案

中考英語(yǔ)被動(dòng)語(yǔ)態(tài)語(yǔ)法專(zhuān)題講練（名師剖析必考語(yǔ)法知識(shí)點(diǎn)+專(zhuān)題實(shí)戰(zhàn)訓(xùn)練，建議下載練習(xí)）i；e知識(shí)精講一、被動(dòng)語(yǔ)態(tài)語(yǔ)態(tài)是動(dòng)詞的一種形式，表示主語(yǔ)和謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞之間的具體關(guān)系，分為主動(dòng)語(yǔ)態(tài)和被動(dòng)語(yǔ)態(tài)兩種。主動(dòng)語(yǔ)態(tài)表示主語(yǔ)是謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞所表示的動(dòng)作的執(zhí)行者。被動(dòng)語(yǔ)態(tài)表示主語(yǔ)是謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞所表示的動(dòng)作的承受者。被動(dòng)語(yǔ)態(tài)是動(dòng)詞的一種特殊形式，一般來(lái)說(shuō)，只有需要?jiǎng)幼鲗?duì)象的及物動(dòng)詞才有被動(dòng)語(yǔ)態(tài)。漢語(yǔ)往往用“被、受、給”等被動(dòng)詞來(lái)表示被動(dòng)意義。其結(jié)構(gòu)是由“助動(dòng)詞be+及物動(dòng)詞的過(guò)去分詞done”構(gòu)成的。be本身無(wú)詞義，但有時(shí)態(tài)、人稱(chēng)和數(shù)的變化，其變化與時(shí)態(tài)中的變化一致。各種時(shí)態(tài)的被動(dòng)語(yǔ)態(tài)結(jié)構(gòu)表（以動(dòng)詞do為例）:時(shí)態(tài)被動(dòng)語(yǔ)態(tài)例句一般現(xiàn)在時(shí)am/is/are+doneTheclassroomiscleanedbyus.教室被我們打掃。

一般過(guò)去時(shí)was/were+doneThekitewasmadebyhimyesterday.昨天，風(fēng)箏被他制作?，F(xiàn)在進(jìn)行時(shí)am/is/are+being+doneFlowersarebeingwateredbyher.花兒現(xiàn)在正在被她澆?，F(xiàn)在完成時(shí)have/has+been+doneTheworkhasbeenfinishedbyJim.工作已經(jīng)被做完。一般將來(lái)時(shí)will/shall/begoingto+bedoneTreeswillbeplantedbythemtomorrow.明天，樹(shù)將被他們種。過(guò)去進(jìn)行時(shí)was/were+being+doneAletterwasbeingwrittenbyheratthistimeyesterday.昨天的這個(gè)時(shí)候一封信正在被寫(xiě)。過(guò)去完成時(shí)had+been+doneTheworkhadbeenfinishedbyJim.工作早已經(jīng)被他完成了。含有情態(tài)動(dòng)詞can/may/must+be+doneHecanbefoundbyme.他不能被發(fā)現(xiàn)。、被動(dòng)語(yǔ)態(tài)的用法.不知道或沒(méi)有必要指出誰(shuí)是動(dòng)作的執(zhí)行者時(shí)。例：Thebridgewasbuiltlastyear.這座橋是去年建造的。Hewaselectedchairman.他被選為主席。.當(dāng)更加強(qiáng)調(diào)動(dòng)作的承受者時(shí)。此時(shí)動(dòng)作的執(zhí)行者由by引導(dǎo)置于謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞之后，不需要時(shí)可以省略。例:Theroomhasn,tbeencleanedyet.房間還沒(méi)有打掃。Thetigerwaskilledbyhim.老虎被他殺死了。.當(dāng)動(dòng)作的執(zhí)行者不是人時(shí)，多用被動(dòng)語(yǔ)態(tài)。例：Thewindowwasblownbywind.窗戶(hù)被風(fēng)吹開(kāi)了。Thewholevillagehasbeenwashedawaybytheflood.整個(gè)村莊都被洪水沖走了。…e三點(diǎn)剖析一、考點(diǎn)：被動(dòng)語(yǔ)態(tài)的句子結(jié)構(gòu)和用法。二、重難點(diǎn)：謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞的主動(dòng)形式表示被動(dòng)意義：.英語(yǔ)中有很多動(dòng)詞如break，catch，clean，drive，lock，open，sell，read，write，wash等，當(dāng)它們被用作不及物動(dòng)詞來(lái)描述主語(yǔ)特征時(shí)，常用其主動(dòng)形式表達(dá)被動(dòng)意義，主語(yǔ)通常是物。例：Thiskindofclothwasheswell.這種布料很好洗。.表示“發(fā)生、進(jìn)行”的不及物動(dòng)詞和短語(yǔ)，如：happen,last,takeplace,breakout,comeout,cometrue,runout,giveout,turnout等，以主動(dòng)形式表示被動(dòng)意義。例：Howdothenewspaperscomeout?這些報(bào)紙是如何引出來(lái)的呢？.系動(dòng)詞沒(méi)有被動(dòng)形式，但感官系動(dòng)詞feel,sound,taste,look,smell在主系表結(jié)構(gòu)中常以主動(dòng)形式表示被動(dòng)意義。例：Yourreasonsoundsreasonable.你的理由聽(tīng)起來(lái)很合理。三、易錯(cuò)點(diǎn)：.在使役動(dòng)詞have,make,get以及感官動(dòng)詞see,watch,notice,hear等后面不定式作賓語(yǔ)補(bǔ)語(yǔ)時(shí)，在主動(dòng)結(jié)構(gòu)中不定式to要省略，但變?yōu)楸粍?dòng)結(jié)構(gòu)時(shí)，要加上介詞to。例：Thegreatnewsmadeherfeelhappy.可改為Shewasmadetofeelhappybythegreatnews.Someonesawastrangerwalkintothebuilding.可改為Astrangerwasseentowalkintothebuilding..有些相當(dāng)于及物動(dòng)詞的動(dòng)詞詞組，如“動(dòng)詞+介詞”，“動(dòng)詞+副詞”等，也可以用于被動(dòng)結(jié)構(gòu)，但要把它們看作一個(gè)整體，不能分開(kāi)。其中的介詞或副詞也不能省略。例：ThemeetingistobeputofftillFriday.這場(chǎng)會(huì)議將會(huì)推遲到周五。.“動(dòng)詞+賓語(yǔ)+賓補(bǔ)”結(jié)構(gòu)變?yōu)楸粍?dòng)語(yǔ)態(tài)時(shí)，將賓語(yǔ)變?yōu)楸粍?dòng)結(jié)構(gòu)中的主語(yǔ)，其余不動(dòng)。例：Someonecaughttheboysmokingacigarette.可改為T(mén)heboywascaughtsmokingacigarette..有些動(dòng)詞可以有兩個(gè)賓語(yǔ)，在用于被動(dòng)結(jié)構(gòu)時(shí)，可以把主動(dòng)結(jié)構(gòu)中的一個(gè)賓語(yǔ)變?yōu)橹髡Z(yǔ)，另一賓語(yǔ)仍然保留在謂語(yǔ)后面。通常變?yōu)橹髡Z(yǔ)的是間接賓語(yǔ)。例：Hismothergavehimapresentforhisbirthday.可改為Hewasgivenapresentbyhismotherforhisbirthday.八后題模精選題模一：主動(dòng)語(yǔ)態(tài)變?yōu)楸粍?dòng)語(yǔ)態(tài)例1.1.1主動(dòng)語(yǔ)態(tài)變?yōu)楸粍?dòng)語(yǔ)態(tài):Ihaveboughtaten-speedbicycle.例1.1.2主動(dòng)語(yǔ)態(tài)變?yōu)楸粍?dòng)語(yǔ)態(tài)：Theoldmaniswateringflowersinthegarden.例1.1.3主動(dòng)語(yǔ)態(tài)變?yōu)楸粍?dòng)語(yǔ)態(tài)：Theboyalwaysplaysthecomputergamesatnight.題模二：基本用法例1.2.1Theboytogetsupperreadyafterschool.A. weretold B. istellingC. wastold D. tells例1.2.2Thisdictionarymustn’tfromthelibrary.A. takeaway B. takenawayC. aretakenaway D. betakenaway?e隨堂練習(xí)隨練1.1將下列句子變成被動(dòng)語(yǔ)態(tài)。TheythrewawaytheoldbookyesterdayHehadwrittenalettertohismother.Peoplehaveseenthebearinthisvillage.Theworkersarerepairingthebridge.Youshouldn'tbritionatyctotheEnglishexam.隨練1.2Thiskindofbookssellswell.Theyalready.soldouthavesoldoutaresoldouthavebeensoldout隨練1.3---Yourcoatlooksnice.Isitwool?---Yes.ItisAustralia.madeof,makebymadeof,madeinmadefor,madeinmadefrom,madeby隨練1.4Thepizzabymymother.Wouldyouliketohavesome?A. makes B. wasmakingC made D wasmade隨練1.5Theclassroommusteveryday.A bekeptcleanB bekeptcleaningC keepcleanedD keepsclean

隨練1.6A.talkonChinesehistoryintheschoolhallnextweek.A. isgiven B. hasbeengivenC. willbegiven D. gives隨練1.7Ourhousenow.ispaintisbeingpaintedisgotpaintedD． hasgottopaint自我總結(jié)作業(yè)i將下列句子變成被動(dòng)語(yǔ)態(tài)。Haveyoupostedthelettersyet?Imustdoalltheexerciseintime.作業(yè)i將下列句子變成被動(dòng)語(yǔ)態(tài)。Haveyoupostedthelettersyet?Imustdoalltheexerciseintime.Wearediscussingtheprojectatthemeeting.EveryyearourofficeholdsaflowershowintheparkinApril.Hehadfinishedtheworkbytheendoflastterm.作業(yè)2Maryshowmehernewdictionaryyesterday.A.wasaskedtoB．hasaskedtoD.askstoCD.asksto作業(yè)3ThePeople,sRepublicofChinaonOctober1,1949.A. found B. wasfoundedC. isfounded D. wasfound作業(yè)4ThisEnglishsongbythegirlsafterclass.A. oftensings B. oftensangC． isoftensang D． isoftensung作業(yè)5Wastepapershouldn,there.A． throw B． bethrownC． tobethrown D． tothrow作業(yè)6Anewhouseatthecorneroftheroadnow.A．isbeingbuilt B． isbuildingC． beenbuilt D．bebuild作業(yè)7Hisnewbooknextmonth.A．isbeingpublishedB． ispublishingC． willbepublishedD．hasbeenpublished答案解析-C題模精選題模一：主動(dòng)語(yǔ)態(tài)變?yōu)楸粍?dòng)語(yǔ)態(tài)例1.1.1【答案】 A.ten-speedbicyclehasbeenboughtbyme.【解析】 考查被動(dòng)語(yǔ)態(tài)?，F(xiàn)在完成時(shí)被動(dòng)語(yǔ)態(tài)的結(jié)構(gòu)是has/havebeendone。例1?1?2【答案】 Theflowersarebeingwateredinthegardenbytheoldman.【解析】考查被動(dòng)語(yǔ)態(tài)?，F(xiàn)在進(jìn)行時(shí)被動(dòng)語(yǔ)態(tài)的結(jié)構(gòu)是is/are/am+beingdone。例1.1.3【答案】 Thecomputergamesareplayedbytheboyatnight.【解析】 考查被動(dòng)語(yǔ)態(tài)。一般現(xiàn)在時(shí)被動(dòng)語(yǔ)態(tài)的結(jié)構(gòu)是am/is/are+done。題模二：基本用法例1.2.1【答案】C【解析】 考查被動(dòng)語(yǔ)態(tài)。再由句意可知是男孩被告知去做某事，was+do〃e。故選C。例1.2.2【答案】D【解析】 考查被動(dòng)語(yǔ)態(tài)。再由句意可知是字典禁止從圖書(shū)館被帶走。含有情態(tài)動(dòng)詞的被動(dòng)語(yǔ)態(tài)mustn,t+be+done。故選D。”年隨堂練習(xí)隨練1.1【答案】1.Theoldbookwasthrownbythemyesterday.A.letterhadbeenwrittentohisfatherbyhim.Thebearhasbeenseenbythepeopleonthisvillage.Thebridgeisbeingrepairedbytheworkers.Thedictionaryshouldn,tbebroughttotheEnglishexam.【解