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Lesson71Afamousclock

【課文講解】

1theB.B.C.=BritishBroadcastingCorporation英國(guó)廣播公司

2、IftheHousesofParliamenthadnotbeenburneddownin1834,thegreat

clockwouldneverhavebeenerected.

theHousesofParliament國(guó)會(huì)大廈(英國(guó)議會(huì)是由上議院(Houseof

Lords)和下議院(HouseofCommons)組成)

burndown(使)燒成平地,燒毀eg.Thehospitalwasburneddownlast

month.

3^BigBentakesitsnamefromSirBenjaminHallwhowasresponsibleforthe

makingoftheclockwhenthenewHousesofParliamentwerebeingbuilt.

takeone'snamefrom以...命名

Sir用于英國(guó)人的全名(或名字)之前時(shí)表示“爵士”(不單獨(dú)用于姓之前),如Sir

JohnGilbert(約翰.吉爾伯特爵士)或SirJohn(約翰爵士),但不能稱為Sir

Gilberto

beresponsiblefor對(duì)...需負(fù)責(zé)任/承擔(dān)責(zé)任的

Whoisresponsiblefortheaccident?Johnisresponsibleforthe

building.

-ing形式前面無(wú)冠詞時(shí)可直接跟賓語(yǔ):makingtheclock;-ing前有冠詞時(shí)則其

后不能直接跟賓語(yǔ),而必須用of:themakingoftheclock。

4、Itisnotonlyofimmensesize,butisextremelyaccurateaswell.

beof...表示人或物的特征

Weareofthesameage/size.Thisletterisofgreatimportance.

5,BigBenhasrarelygonewrong.

gowrong(機(jī)器等)發(fā)生故障,出毛病

Somethinghasgonewrongwithmycar.

6、Apainterwhohadbeenworkingonthetowerhungapotofpaintononeof

thehandsandsloweditdown!

slowdown(使...)慢下來(lái)/減速(可分開(kāi)使用)

Heslowedhiscardownwhiledrivinginheavytraffic.

[SpecialDifficulties]

Official,EmployeeandShopassistant

1.officialn.官員,公務(wù)員,高級(jí)官員

Bankofficialsgethighsalaries.

Beforeheretired,Jeremyhadbeenagovernment/cityofficial.

2.employeen.雇員,雇工(包括各個(gè)層次的)

Laterhebecameagovernmentemployee.

3.shopassistant零售店的店員(英語(yǔ)中用salesclerk)

Theshopassistantwhoservedherdidnotlikethewayshewasdressed.

Hang/HungandHang/Hanged

l.hang(hung,hung)vt.懸掛

I'mhangingthispictureonthewall.

2.hang(hanged,hanged)vt.絞歹匕,吊歹匕,上吊

Ashehasmurderedthreemen,heoughttobehanged.

Iwonderwhyshehangedherself.

Lesson72Acarcalledbluebird

★burstv.爆裂

①vi爆炸,爆裂

Atyreburstduringthesecondrun.

Theballoonburst.

②vt&vi突然打開(kāi)

Weburstthedooropen.

WhileIwasreading,thedoorburstopenandJohncamein.

【課文講解】

1、Thegreatracingdriver,SirMalcolmCampbell,wasthefirstmantodriveat

over300milesperhour.

在thesecond,thenext/thelast以及表示最高級(jí)的如thebest,themost

intelligent等后可以用to引導(dǎo)的不定式短語(yǔ)做定語(yǔ),這些詞語(yǔ)后面可以接名詞或

one(s),也可以不接:

She'salwaysthefirsttoarriveandthelasttoleave.

You'rethebestpersontoadvisemeaboutbuyingahouse.你是我買房的最好

顧問(wèn)。

theonly后必須接一個(gè)名詞或one(s):

You'retheonlyperson/onetocomplain.

per表示“每一,每”,通常用于商業(yè)及技術(shù)用語(yǔ),日常用語(yǔ)大多用a/an:

Youcanstayatthehotelat$10perpersonpernight.

Youmusthavebeendrivingatseventymilesan/perhour.

2、Itwasover30feetinlengthandhada2,500-horsepowerengine.

30feetinlength30英尺長(zhǎng)

3>AlthoughCampbellreachedaspeedofover304milesperhour,hehad

greatdifficultyincontrollingthecarbecauseatyreburstduringthefirstrun.

havedifficulty(in)doingsth.做...有困難

HehasgrownabeardandIhaddifficulty(in)recognizinghim.

thefirstrun開(kāi)始的行程

thenextrunisfortymiles.下一段賽程為40英里。

4、Followinginhisfather'sfootstepsmanyyearslater,SirMalcolm'sson,

Donald,alsosetupaworldrecord.

followinone'sfootsteps步某人的后塵,仿效某人,繼承某人的事業(yè)

Heintendstofollowinhisfather'sfootstepsandtobecomeadentist.

Lesson73Therecord-holder

★record-holder紀(jì)錄保持者

n.+v.+er構(gòu)詞法tennisplayer

★taantn.逃學(xué)的孩子,逃學(xué)者

Thethreeboyswhoarefishingovertherearetruantsandoughttobesent

backtoschool.

playtruant逃學(xué)(英)

theboywhoplayedtruant逃學(xué)的孩子

playhooky逃學(xué)(美)

beabsentfromclassunpurpose逃學(xué)(unpurposeadv.故意的)

Hediditunpurpose.

evadeschool逃學(xué)

★uninaginativeadj缺乏想象力的

imaginev,想象,設(shè)想

imaginativeadj.有想象力的

Sheisanimaginativepainter.

Paintersshouldbeimaginative.

imaginationn.想象力

-tive一般是形容詞的后綴;-tion一般是名詞的后綴

★shamen.慚愧,羞恥

Whatashame!真可恥!

Shameonyou!替你感到可恥!

shamefuladj.令人羞愧

ashamedadj.感到羞愧

putsb.toshame讓某人感到羞愧

對(duì)別人贊美的回答:

Thankyou.Youareflatteringme.(你過(guò)獎(jiǎng)了。)

Youputmetoshame.(你比我好的意思)

putsb.totrouble給某人帶來(lái)麻煩

★hitchhikev.搭便車旅行

hitchhike=takealift搭便車

hitchhikern.搭便車的人

★meantinen.其間

inthemeantime=meanwhile與此同時(shí)

★evadev.逃避,逃離

①vt(巧妙地)逃脫,躲開(kāi)

Sheevadedablowfromthemanandthencalledoutforhelp.

②vt回避,逃避(尤指不當(dāng)?shù)兀?/p>

evadedoingsth.逃避做...

Healwaystriestoevadepayingtaxes.

Manychildrendreamofevadingschool.

avoidv.逃避,逃離,避免

avoid指通過(guò)一種合理的,正當(dāng)?shù)氖侄蝸?lái)避免做某事;evade指通過(guò)欺騙的手

段來(lái)避免做某事。

taxavoidance避稅taxevasion逃稅

【課文講解】

1、Childrenwhoplaytruantfromschoolareunimaginative.

playtruantfromschool=playtruant逃學(xué)

Asaboy,Tomusedtoplaytruant(fromschool).

2^Aquietday'sfishing,oreighthoursinacinemaseeingthesamefilmover

andoveragain,isusuallyasfarastheyget.

動(dòng)詞ing前面如果出現(xiàn)定語(yǔ),若是名詞,則采用名詞所有格或名詞短語(yǔ)本身。

eighthours'seeingthefilm

非謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞做主語(yǔ),一律作單數(shù)看。

Threehoursintheroom,Itistiring.

Threehours(')listeningtotheteacheristiring.

Threehoursintheroomlisteningtotheteacheristiring.

EventssuchastheMarch5thshootingatahighschoolinSanDiegobring

theproblemintofocus.

比如三月五日圣地亞哥一所高中學(xué)校發(fā)生的槍擊事件問(wèn)題成為焦點(diǎn)。

overandoveragain=againandagain一次又一次,一再地,反復(fù)許多次

Asmygrandmothercan'thearverywell,Ihadtosayitoverandoveragain,

asfaras+從句最大程度...,到....程度,就...而言

AsfarasIknow,hisoperationssuccessful.

3、Theyhaveallbeenputtoshamebyaboywho,whileplayingtruant,

travelled1,600miles.

while引導(dǎo)時(shí)間狀語(yǔ)從句,一般放在前面或后面,放在中間就加上逗號(hào)。while

doing省略句,省略了主語(yǔ)和be動(dòng)詞,這個(gè)主語(yǔ)一定就是主句的主語(yǔ)。

put...toshame使……蒙羞,使....相形見(jiàn)細(xì)

Whathehasdoneputhisparentstoshame.

Hesavedthechildattheriskofhisownlifeandputallthosewholookedon

t。shame.他冒著生命危險(xiǎn)救了那個(gè)孩子,使所有旁觀者都相形見(jiàn)細(xì)。

4、HehitchhikedtoDoverand,towardsevening,wentintoaboattofind

somewheretosleep.

hitchhiketo...搭便車去

Dovern.多佛(英國(guó)著名的港口)

towardsevening快到晚上

somewheretosleep可以睡覺(jué)的地方

anythingtodo/drink可以做的事/可以喝的東西(這里todo做定語(yǔ))

5^Whenhewokeupnextmorning,hediscoveredthattheboathad,inthe

meantime,travelledtoCalais.

wakeup自己醒來(lái)

Calaisn.加來(lái)(法國(guó)城市)

inthemeantime在此期間

Ifeeltiredandwouldliketotakeanap.Inthemeantime,youmaydosome

reading.

6^Noonenoticedtheboyashecreptoff.

creepoff=creepaway

★creep

①vi爬行,匍匐,(像爬行似地)慢慢前進(jìn)

Theoldcarcreptalongthecountryroad.

Asnakecreptintothegardenwhileshewaswritingaletter.

②vi悄悄地/躡手躡腳地走;漸漸產(chǎn)生/出現(xiàn)

WecreptupstairssoasnottowakeGrandpa.

Henoticedthatagehadcreptonhim.

7、ThenextcartheboystoppeddidnottakehimintothecentreofParisashe

hopeditwould,buttoPerpignanontheFrench-Spanishborder.

o帶到...

not...but...不是....而是....

assb.hoped正如某人所希望的

Ibecameagoodteacherasmymotherhopes.

thansb.expected比某人所期待的還....

Don'taskwhatthecountrydoforyou,butaskwhatyoudoforthecountry.

theFrench-Spanishborder法國(guó)與西班牙的邊界

8^TherehewaspickedupbyapolicemanandsentbacktoEnglandbythe

localauthorities.

pickup逮捕,拘捕

Aftertheaccident,hewaspickedupbythepolice.

[Keystructures]

簡(jiǎn)單句、并列句和復(fù)合句

簡(jiǎn)單句是英語(yǔ)中最小的句子單位,一般有一個(gè)限定動(dòng)詞,它有一個(gè)主語(yǔ)和一個(gè)謂

語(yǔ),但可以用連詞and將兩個(gè)或兩個(gè)以上的動(dòng)詞合并為一個(gè)簡(jiǎn)單句。根據(jù)動(dòng)詞

后所使用的不同成分,簡(jiǎn)單句可有5種基本句型:

①主語(yǔ)+動(dòng)詞②主語(yǔ)+動(dòng)詞+主語(yǔ)補(bǔ)足語(yǔ):

③主語(yǔ)+動(dòng)詞+直接賓語(yǔ):④主語(yǔ)+動(dòng)詞+間接賓語(yǔ)+直接賓語(yǔ)

⑤主語(yǔ)+動(dòng)詞+賓語(yǔ)+賓語(yǔ)補(bǔ)足語(yǔ)

將幾個(gè)簡(jiǎn)單句連接起來(lái)構(gòu)成并列句。在并列句中不存在單獨(dú)的主句和從屬于它的

從句;各小句根據(jù)上下文的要求按邏輯次序排列,但各小句都同等重要并獨(dú)立存

在。我們常常把并列句中的各小句看成是并列主句??刹捎孟铝腥魏我环N方式構(gòu)

成并列句:

①用分號(hào)

Wefishedallday;wedidn'tcatchathing.

②用分號(hào),后面跟一個(gè)連接副詞(短語(yǔ)),如however、aboveall、inaddition、

asfaras等

Wefishedallday;however,wedidn'tcatchathing.

③用并列連詞,如and、but、so,yet等,前面常加逗號(hào):

Wefishedallday,but(we)didn'tcatchathing.

復(fù)合句的構(gòu)成方法可以是把簡(jiǎn)單句連接在一起,但復(fù)合句的各個(gè)組成部分并非同

等重要(此點(diǎn)與并列句不同),其中總有一個(gè)獨(dú)立小句(或稱“主句”)和一個(gè)或一個(gè)以

上的從屬小句(或稱“從句】主句往往可以獨(dú)立存在。復(fù)合句的構(gòu)成方法:

①用連詞將從句與主句連接起來(lái):

Ifyou'renotgoodatfigures,itispointlesstoapplyforjobinabank.

如果你不擅于計(jì)算,向銀行求職就毫無(wú)意義。

②用動(dòng)詞不定式或分詞結(jié)構(gòu)。它們是非限定性動(dòng)詞,是短語(yǔ)而不是從句,但它

們構(gòu)成復(fù)合句(而非簡(jiǎn)單句)的一部分。之所以如此是因?yàn)樗鼈兛梢杂脧木涞男?/p>

式表現(xiàn)出來(lái)。

Togetintoauniversityyouhavetopassanumberofexaminations.

從句可分為:名詞性從句;關(guān)系/形容詞從句;副詞從句。

Holidayresortswhichareverycrowdedarenotverypleasant.

那些擁擠的度假場(chǎng)所令人感到不很愉快。

HowerverhardItry,Ican'trememberpeople'snames.

Lesson74outofthelimelight

【課文講解】

1、Outofthelimelight

limelight的原義為舞臺(tái)照明用的“石灰光”,其引申意義為“眾人注目的中心”,這

里的limelight是指舞臺(tái)。

Shehasbeeninthelimelightsinceshebecameanactress.

Althoughheisagovernmentofficial,hetriestokeepoutofthelimelight.

2、Anancientbusstoppedbyadryriverbedandapartyoffamousactorsand

actressesgotoff.

riverbed指河床,名詞river作形容詞用,類似的還有flowerbed(花壇)

party作量詞用時(shí)表示"一行,一伙,一群"等,如apartyoftourists/boys(一群

旅游者/男孩)等。

3、Whydon'twecomemoreoften?

“Why+don't/doesn't+主語(yǔ)+動(dòng)詞?”結(jié)構(gòu)可用來(lái)提出建議:

Whydon'tyouchangeawatch?

4^'Nowyougetoutofhere,allofyou!'heshouted.

getoutofhere從這里走開(kāi),滾出去,滾開(kāi)

getfuckoutofhere給我從這滾出去

5>Tmsheriffhere.Doyouseethatnotice?Itsays"NoCamping"--incaseyou

can'tread!'

I'msheriffhere.(sheriff是一種官銜,官銜前面不加冠詞)

Heispresident.總統(tǒng)(官銜)

Whoismonitor?誰(shuí)是班長(zhǎng)(官銜)

Iamateacher.teacher不是官銜,加不定冠詞

incase+從句假使,萬(wàn)一……的話,免得,以防萬(wàn)一(常用于引導(dǎo)條

件或目的狀語(yǔ)從句,當(dāng)句子表示將來(lái)的時(shí)間時(shí),incase后面必須用現(xiàn)在時(shí)態(tài)或

should/might)

incaseyoucan'tread除非你們不識(shí)字。

I'mtakingaraincoatwithmeincaseIneedit.

Incasehecomes/shouldcome,givehimthisletter.

6、'don'tbetoohardonus.I'mRockwallSlingerandthisisMerlinGreeves.'

behardon...對(duì)...(過(guò)分)嚴(yán)厲

Don,tbetoohardonthatchild.

Heisalwayshardonhisemployee.

[SpecialDifficulties]

與get有關(guān)的一些短語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞

l.getout

①(使)出去/出來(lái)(反義詞為getinto)

Whydon'tyougetthedogout?

Thedoorislocked.Ican'tgetout.

②走開(kāi),滾開(kāi)(常用于祈使句)

Nowyougetoutofherefast!

2.getinto進(jìn)來(lái)

I'velostmykey.Ican'tgetintothehouse.

3.geton

①前進(jìn),進(jìn)展(與getalong同義)

Heisgettingonquitewellinhisnewjob.

②繼續(xù)干;相處融洽(常與w計(jì)h連用)

Tomtalkedwithhisbrotherforawhile,andthengotonwithhis

homework.

He'ssodifficult.Ican'tgetonwithhim.他這個(gè)人這么別扭,我無(wú)法和他相

處。

4.get...off脫下,除去/取下

Pleasehelpmetogettheboxofftheboat.

Whenhegotthelidoffthebox,hesawamanlyinginit.

5.getoff沒(méi)受重傷/重罰而逃脫(常與with連用)

Tomwaspunished,butJimgoofflightly.

Icanhardlybelievethatthethiefgotoffwithjustawarning.

6.getover

①恢復(fù)過(guò)來(lái),痊愈

Hasyourmothergotoverherillness?

②解決/結(jié)束(某件不愉快但必要做的事)(常與with連用)

Theywantedtogetthejoboverasquicklyaspossible.

7.getthough

①通過(guò)(考試、測(cè)驗(yàn)等)

Haveyougotthroughyourdrivingtestlastweek?

②吃掉,喝完,用光

FancyHelengettingthroughallthefood!

用于公共標(biāo)語(yǔ)的no

公共標(biāo)語(yǔ)通常字?jǐn)?shù)很少,語(yǔ)言精練。在表示“禁止……”時(shí)往往用no+名詞/動(dòng)名詞

或名詞短語(yǔ),如NoCamping(禁止野營(yíng)),NoSmoking(禁止吸煙),NoParking

(禁止停車),NoLeftTurn(禁止左轉(zhuǎn)彎)。

在真正的公告牌上,這些標(biāo)語(yǔ)往往全部用大寫(xiě)字母,不加標(biāo)點(diǎn),如NO

SMOKING等。

OnpublicnoticeswewriteNoCampinginsteadofDonotcamp.

在公告牌上我們不用D。notcamp,而用NoCamping。

Lesson75SOS

★survivorn.幸存者(指人)

survivaln.幸存的東西

survivev.生存;存活下來(lái)

thepersonwhosurvived

Ilearnhowtolive,butnowIknowhowtosurvive.(生存)

Isurvivedafterthefire.(存活下一來(lái))

survive+sth.(災(zāi)難)經(jīng)過(guò)某種災(zāi)難還存在,還活著

Isurvivedthefire.

Thehousesurvivedtheearthquake.

★scenen.現(xiàn)場(chǎng)

①n.(事件發(fā)生的)地點(diǎn),現(xiàn)場(chǎng)

Ahelicoptersoonarrivedonthescenetorescuethesurvivors.

一架直升飛機(jī)很快飛抵出事現(xiàn)場(chǎng),搭救幸存者。

Thesethingswerefoundatthesceneofthemurder.

②n.風(fēng)景,景色;景象

Abeautifulscenealwaysmakesmedelighted.

Ihavejustseenasadscene.

【課文講解】

1、Whenalightpassengerplaneflewoffcoursesometimeago,itcrashedin

themountainsanditspilotwaskilled.

offcourse脫離軌宣

flyoffcourse飛行偏離航線

Duringthestorm,theshipwentoffcourse.

killv.殺(僅表示死了,不一定是人為的殺死,有可能是火災(zāi)等)

FireinTokyo.Fivepeoplekilled.Tenpersonsinjured.(受傷)

murderv.謀殺(故意殺死)

2、Itwasthemiddleofwinter.

middleofwinter隆冬

middleofsummer盛夏

3^Snowlaythickontheground.

lay是系動(dòng)詞,thick是形容詞作表語(yǔ),表示主語(yǔ)的狀態(tài)或性質(zhì)。

Theoldmanliesillandneglectedinbed.

4、Thewomanknewthatthenearestvillagewasmilesaway.

milesaway幾英里之外(距離的表達(dá)方式)

5、Whenitgrewdark,sheturnedasuitcaseintoabedandputthechildren

insideit,coveringthemwithalltheclothesshecouldfind.

o...=o...把...變成...

6>Thewomankeptasnearasshecouldtothechildrenandeventriedtoget

intothecaseherself,butitwastoosmall.

as...assb.can/could=as...aspossible盡可能的....

Hegotthroughasmuchfoodashecouldandsetout.

TellJimtocometomyofficeassoonashecan.

nearto=closeto

7、Earlynextmorning,sheheardplanespassingoverheadandwonderedhow

shecouldsendasignal.

hearsb.doingsth.聽(tīng)見(jiàn)某人正在做某事

overheadadv.從頭頂

wonder=wanttoknow

8>Thenshehadanidea.Shestampedouttheletters'SOS'inthesnow.

stampout踩出

out在這里為副詞,表示“出現(xiàn),顯露”等

Thewriterhasbroughtoutanotherbook.

Hewroteoutalonglistofallthefoodswhichwereforbidden.

SOS=SaveOurSouls國(guó)際通用的呼救信號(hào)

inthesnow在雪地上

9、Fortunately,apilotsawthesignalandsentamessagebyradiotothe

nearesttown.

byradio通過(guò)廣播

10、Itwasnotlongbeforeahelicopterarrivedonthescenetorescuethe

survivorsoftheplanecrash.

longbefore=longlongago很久以前

Itwasnotlongbefore+從句不久就...(指過(guò)去)

Itwasnotlongbeforehewentabroad.

ItwasnotlongbeforeIfinishedmyhomework.

Itwillnotbelongbefore...不久就...(將來(lái)可能發(fā)生的事)

Itwillnotbelongbeforehegetsoverhisillness.

beforelong不久以后(…般將來(lái)時(shí),從現(xiàn)在算不久以后會(huì)怎么樣)

Beforelong,hewillgoabroad.

shortlybefore........之前不久

shortlyafter......之后立即

onthescene在現(xiàn)場(chǎng)(固定短語(yǔ))

[SpecialDifficulties]

可以表示“變成”的一些動(dòng)詞

grow,turn,go,get,com,fall等動(dòng)詞均有“變成"的意思,但它們?cè)谟梅ㄉ嫌?/p>

時(shí)有差別。

1.grow表示"(逐漸)變得",比get要正式些:

Hehasgrownfat.

Hehasgrowntolikestudyingmathematics.

①growdark(變黑)

grow=getslowly慢慢變得

2.turn表示“把(狀態(tài)、性質(zhì))改變(成)……”或‘使變顏色”等

Leaveswillturnyellowinautumn.

Acolonyofbeeshadturnedtheengineintoahive.

Hisfaceturnedred.

3.g。表示“變成(某種狀態(tài))”,通常表示不好的變化:

Somefoodsgobadeasily.

Themilkwentsour.

4.get在口語(yǔ)中使用較多,表示“成為(某種狀態(tài))",強(qiáng)調(diào)的是變化的過(guò)程(一

下子變得)。天氣變化,一般用get,getcold(變冷)

Thingsgotsobadrecentlythathedecidedtogoonadiet.

5.come可表示“變成,成為,達(dá)到”等,與true連用時(shí)表示“實(shí)現(xiàn)”

Herdreamtoswimacrossthechannelhascometrue.

come+true/right/loose

Thedreamcomestrue.夢(mèng)想成真。

Takeiteasy.Everythingwillcomeright.

comeloose變松初

6.fall可表示“變成……的狀態(tài)”

fall+asleep/ill墜落夢(mèng)鄉(xiāng)/病倒了

YoufellasleepwhileIwastalkingtoyou.

Hefellilllastweek,sohedidn'tcometoyourwedding.

Lesson76AprilFools'Day

【課文講解】

1、we'regoingovertothemacaronifieldsofCalabria.

goover往...走過(guò)去

Iwentovertotheblindmantohelphimacrosstheroad.

2、Hereyoucanseetwoworkerswho,betweenthem,havejustfinished

cuttingthreecartloadsofgoldenbrownmacaronistalks.

between作介詞時(shí)含義之一是“作為……共同努力的結(jié)果,協(xié)力”:

Betweenthemtheykilledthesnake.

Betweenuswepulleddownthetree.我們協(xié)力把樹(shù)拉倒了。

3、Thewholevillagehasbeenworkingdayandnightgatheringandthreshing

thisyear'scropbeforetheSeptemberrains.

rainn.雨水;雨季,季節(jié)性的雨(常用復(fù)數(shù))

theSeptemberrains9月雨季

Wehaven'thadmuchrainthisyear.

Sometimesspringrainsarereallyannoying.有時(shí)綿綿春雨真讓人心煩意

亂。

[SpecialDifficulties]

UsualandUsually

1.usualadj.通常的,平常的,慣常的

Itisusualwithhimtogetuplate.

Iparkedthecarattheusualplace.

2.usuallyadv.平常,通常

Whendoyouusuallyhavesupper?

BetweenandAmong

1.betweenprep.在(兩者)之間

Ipickedupthereceiverbetweentwostickyfinger.

當(dāng)表示兩兩之間的相互關(guān)系時(shí),between可用于3個(gè)(或3個(gè)以上)的名詞前:

Thevillageliesbetweenariver,amountainandaroad.

2.amongprep.在...中間,被……環(huán)繞(指三者以上)

Thechurchliesamongmountains.

Amongthoseboys,Danisthetallest.

Manager,DirectorandHeadmaster

1.managern.經(jīng)理

Ienteredthehotelmanager'sofficeandsatdown.

2.directorn.主任,董事

Mr.Jonesisthedirectorofseveralcompanies.

3.headmastern.(中學(xué))校長(zhǎng)

Ihaven'tmettheheadmasterofthisschoolyet.

Lesson77Asuccessfuloperation

★hstvi持續(xù),延續(xù)(常跟一個(gè)表示時(shí)間的名詞或短語(yǔ),沒(méi)有被動(dòng)語(yǔ)態(tài))

last直接加時(shí)間或加for+時(shí)間

Themeetinglasts(for)threehours.

Thewarbetweenthetwocountrieslasted(for)overthreeyears/until1453.

★provev.顯示出

①vi顯示,表明

prove+adj.

Itprovesdifficulttodothejobbyherself.

prove+tobe+adj.

Itprovestobedifficult.

②vt證明,證實(shí)(后面可跟從句、形容詞、名詞、不定式等)

Iwillproveittoyou.我將會(huì)證明給你看

We'rebeentryingtosellourhouse,butit'sprovedtobeverydifficult.

Youshouldfirstprovethatyouboughtthesegoodshere.

【課文講解】

1ThemummyofanEgyptianwomanwhodiedin800B.C.hasjusthadan

operation.

B.C.=BeforeChrist公元前,放在年代的后面。

A.D.公元,放在年代的前面,常??梢允÷浴?/p>

2、ThemummyisthatofShepenmutwhowasonceasingerintheTempleof

Thebes.

that指代上文當(dāng)中出現(xiàn)的名詞themummy。在指代特指事物時(shí),尤其是在比較

狀語(yǔ)從句中,常用that和those指代提到的事物:

ThecostoflivinghereislowerthanthatinLondon.

thatof和thoseof一般用于較正式的文體中:

It'scolderthanGuangzhou.x(北京、廣州是地點(diǎn),只有大小之分,本身沒(méi)

有冷和熱)

TheweatherofBeijingiscolderthanGuangzhou,x

TheweatherofBeijingiscolderthantheweatherofGuangzhou.

=TheweatherofBeijingiscolderthanthatofGuangzhouV

ThetextsofBookTwoaremoredifficultthanthoseofBookOne.

TheareaoftheUSAislargerthanthatofBritain.

TempleofThebes底比斯神廟

3、AstherewerestrangemarksontheX-rayplatestakenofthemummy,

doctorshavebeentryingtofindoutwhetherthewomandiedofararedisease,

takeplatesofsth.給...拍片子

takephotosofthemountain

takeplate拍片子,takephoto拍照片

4、AstherewerestrangemarksontheX-rayplatestakenofthemummy,

doctorshavebeentryingtofindoutwhetherthewomandiedofararedisease,

findout+從句

die是瞬間動(dòng)詞,不能和段時(shí)間連用。要和段時(shí)間連用,就必須變成系

表結(jié)構(gòu)bedeadodie不能用bedoing形式。若用了bedoing,表示即將發(fā)生

的動(dòng)作。

Hehasdiedforthreeyears.x

dieintheaccident死于車禍

dieof+內(nèi)因死于...

dieofhunger

dieofgrief死于悲哀

diefrom+外因死于....

diefromwound(槍傷)

Hediedfromtheheartdisease.

在日常生活表達(dá)當(dāng)中,dieof和diefrom可以互換。

5、Theonlywaytodothiswastooperate.

way+of做……的方式(做定語(yǔ))

way+todo做……的方式(做定語(yǔ))

6、Thedoctorshavenotyetdecidedhowthewomandied.

what對(duì)名詞提問(wèn),how對(duì)副詞或介詞短語(yǔ)提問(wèn)。

how在這里是對(duì)ofsth.提問(wèn)的。要想用what提問(wèn),died后面加of。

decidev.做出最終的判斷,對(duì)……下判決,解決(懸案)

Thepolicecannotdecideyetwhichofthetwomenisguilty.

7、Theyfearedthatthemummywouldfalltopieceswhentheycutitopen,but

fortunatelythishasnothappened.

fearv.害怕(長(zhǎng)時(shí)間的)

cutopen切開(kāi)

falltopieces=gotopieces碎成碎片,散掉

Duringthestorm,theoldhousefelltopieces.

Aftertwoyearstheirmarriagefelltopieces.

[SpecialDifficulties]

B.C.andA.D.

1.B.C.=BeforeChrist公元前(位于年代之后)

TheRomansinvadedEnglandin55B.C.

2.A.D.=annoDomini(=intheyeareoftheLord=sinceChristwasborn)公元

前GeorgeIdiedinA.D.1727.

Skin,LeatherandComplexion

l.skinn.人體的皮膚;指某人是什么顏芯的皮膚(可與complexion互

換)

Wearewettotheskin.Hehasadarkskin/complexion.

2.leathern.皮革

Shoesmadeofrealleatherhavebecomeveryexpensive.

Thissofaismadefromrealleather.

3.complexionn.膚色

Lookatherrosycheeks.Shehasalovelycomplexion.

WaxandCandle

l.waxn.蠟(不可數(shù)名詞)eg.AIIthefiguresinthisshoparemadeof

wax.

2.candlen.蠟燭(可數(shù)名詞)

eg.Ikeepacandlebymybedincasethelightsgooutsuddenly.

Lesson78Thelastone?

★entitlevt以...為名,取名,給...題名,給...稱號(hào);V.授權(quán),授權(quán)

entitle+賓語(yǔ)+sth.給...題名為...

Thewriterhasn'tentitledhisnewbookyet.

ThebookwasentitledTheSunAlsoRises.

callsb.sth.

namesb.sth.

★cahv.使鎮(zhèn)定

calmdown鎮(zhèn)定下來(lái)

★nerven.神經(jīng)

loseone'snerve失去勇氣Ilostmynerve.

nervousadj.神經(jīng)緊張的

★concentratbnn.集中,專心

concentratev.專心

concentrateondoingsth.集中精力做某事

concentrateonlearningEnglish

★suferv.受苦,受害

①vi受痛苦,愛(ài)苦難;患病

Duringthistime,mywifesufferedterribly.

Whatisthepatientsufferingfrom?

②vt遭受(痛苦、損害等)

Thevillagesufferedseriousdamagefromthefloods.

Manypeoplearesufferingcoldandhungerinthatdistrict.

★ternpern.脾氣

keepone'stemper別發(fā)火

loseone'stemper發(fā)火

Sincehisillness,healwaysloseshistemper.

名詞+ed為形容詞:

hot-tempered脾氣火爆;good-tempered好脾氣的;bad-tempered壞脾氣

★appetiten.胃口,食欲

appetiteforsth.關(guān)于...的食欲(appetite表示的胃口僅對(duì)食物而言)

Ihavegoodappetitefortheicecream.我很想吃冰淇淋

toone'staste對(duì)某人的胃口

Thisbookisnottomytaste.

★producev.拿出produce=take

★urgev.力勸,慫恿

urgesb.todosth.慫恿某人做

persuadesb.todosth.說(shuō)服/勸說(shuō)某人做某事

★satisfectfonn.滿意,滿足

satisfactoryadj.令人滿意的

★de隨htedadj感到高興的,欣喜的

delightn.欣喜,高興

delight+人讓某人高興

glad/happy/pleased感到高興的I'mglad/happy/pleased.

glad是一種客套的話Gladtohearthat.

happy是相對(duì)穩(wěn)定的一種快樂(lè)Heisahappyman.

pleased高興的,含有很滿足的概念I(lǐng)'mpleased.

delighted突如其來(lái)的事情讓人感到的開(kāi)心I'mdelighted.

【課文講解】

1>Afterreadinganarticleentitled'CigaretteSmokingandYourHealth'Ilita

cigarettetocalmmynerves.

anarticleentitled題名為...的文章

在英語(yǔ)中,文章名與書(shū)名中的每個(gè)單詞的第一個(gè)字母均大寫(xiě),不在開(kāi)頭位置的連

詞、冠詞、小品詞除外。

lit(light,light)v.點(diǎn)燃Ilitacigarette.

lightedadj.被點(diǎn)燃的Thisisalightedcigarette.

2^Myfriendskeptonofferingcigarettesandcigars.

keepondoingsth.=continuedoingsth.持續(xù)不斷的做

Thechildwascryingloudly,buthekeptonwatchingTV.

cigarn.雪茄

offersb.sth.給某人某物

3、TheymadenoefforttohidetheiramusementwheneverIproducedapacket

ofsweetsfrommypocket.

makeeveryeffort盡全力,盡一切努力

Hemadeeveryefforttoget/atgettingthejob.

makenoeffort根本不作努力,毫不戒力

makenoefforttopersuadehim

Shewrotetheletterwith/withouteffort.她費(fèi)力/毫不費(fèi)力地寫(xiě)了那封信。

makeeffort+todosth.努力做……

nomatterwhen=whenever無(wú)論何時(shí)

nomatterwho=whoever無(wú)論是誰(shuí)

nomatterwhere=wherever無(wú)論在哪里

nomatterhow無(wú)論怎樣

4、WhenmyoldfriendBrianurgedmetoacceptacigarette,itwasmorethanI

couldbear.

wasmorethanIcouldbear=Icouldn'tbear

morethan后面跟一個(gè)從句或一個(gè)形容詞時(shí)可以表示“超出”(多用于口語(yǔ)):

Hewasmorethanpleasedwithhisnewroom.

ThiswasmorethanIhadexpectd.

5、Anyway,asBrianpointedout,itistheeasiestthingintheworldtogiveup

smoking.

anyway不管如何

AnywayIlovehim.

Thankyouanyway.

pointout=explain指出,指明

Whydidn'tyoupointouthismistaketohimatthattime?

Hepointedoutthatwestillhadtogetafewotherthings.

[SpecialDifficulties]

與keep有關(guān)的短語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞

l.keepon+doingsth.反復(fù),持續(xù)

Myfriendskeptonofferingmecigarettes.

Hekeptonsayingthathewastired.他不斷地說(shuō)他累了。

2.keepoff不靠近,從...離開(kāi)

Keepofftheflowerbed.請(qǐng)勿進(jìn)入花壇。

Keepyourhandsoffthefood.別動(dòng)吃的東西。

3.keepawayfrom(使....)不靠近,避開(kāi)

Whydoyoualwayskeepawayfromme?你為什么總躲著我?

Keepthechildrenawayfromtheriver.別讓孩子們?nèi)ズ舆叀?/p>

4.keepitup不松勁,保持成績(jī),繼續(xù)下去

You'vemademuchprogress.Keepitup!你已取得了很大進(jìn)步。繼續(xù)努

力!

Ifyoukeepitup,you'llbeabletosetupanewworldrecord.

你如果保持下去/不松勁,你就能創(chuàng)一項(xiàng)新的世界紀(jì)錄。

5.keepupwith跟上,不落在..后面

Althoughhewalkedasfastashecould,hestillcouldn'tkeepupwithhis

father.

雖然他盡快走,但他仍跟不上他父親。

Inordertokeepupwithhisclassmates,heworkedharderthanever.

為了跟上同學(xué),他比以往任何時(shí)候都更努力。

6.keepout(使)留在外面,(使)不進(jìn)入

Heshutallthedoorsandwindowstokeepoutthewind.

為了擋風(fēng),他關(guān)上了所有的門窗。

16,000-voltpowerline.Keepout!16,000伏高壓線,不可靠近!

7.keepin(把……)留在里面/關(guān)在屋里,不出外

It'sverycoldtoday.We'dbetterkeepin.今天很冷。我們最好別出去。

Whenthedogwaskeptin,itbarkedloudly.那條狗被關(guān)在屋里時(shí)狂吠不

止。

Lesson79Byair

★plantv.安放

①vt種植;在……內(nèi)種植

Theyplantedgrassseedonthedesolatehills.

②vt放置,安置;布置

Abombwasplantedontheplane.

Onthatdaymanypolicemenwereplantedalongthemainstreet.

【課文講解】

1>AflightattendantwouldtakechargeofmeandIneverhadanunpleasant

experience.

takecharge(of)...照顧...,接管,開(kāi)始管理

Shetookchargeofthechildafterhisparentsdied.

Thenewmanagerwilltakecharge(ofthecompany)fromnextweek.

2、IamusedtotravellingbyairandonlyononeoccasionhaveIeverfelt

frightened.

倒裝句,倒裝句的結(jié)構(gòu)為"副詞+助動(dòng)詞(be,do,have,can,must等)+主語(yǔ)

+句子的其余部分”。

用倒裝句的情況:

①句首為否定或近似否定的副詞(never,rarely,little,onnooccasion,hardly,

nosooner…that等:

Littledoesherealizehowimportantthismeetingis.

Neverhashegotsomanyletters.

Onnooccasionmustyouacceptanymoneyifheoffersit.

②句首為0nly構(gòu)成的詞組(如0nlyafter,0nlythen等:

OnlythendidIrealizewhatamistakeIhavemade.

Onlyaftersh

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