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Lesson71Afamousclock
【課文講解】
1theB.B.C.=BritishBroadcastingCorporation英國(guó)廣播公司
2、IftheHousesofParliamenthadnotbeenburneddownin1834,thegreat
clockwouldneverhavebeenerected.
theHousesofParliament國(guó)會(huì)大廈(英國(guó)議會(huì)是由上議院(Houseof
Lords)和下議院(HouseofCommons)組成)
burndown(使)燒成平地,燒毀eg.Thehospitalwasburneddownlast
month.
3^BigBentakesitsnamefromSirBenjaminHallwhowasresponsibleforthe
makingoftheclockwhenthenewHousesofParliamentwerebeingbuilt.
takeone'snamefrom以...命名
Sir用于英國(guó)人的全名(或名字)之前時(shí)表示“爵士”(不單獨(dú)用于姓之前),如Sir
JohnGilbert(約翰.吉爾伯特爵士)或SirJohn(約翰爵士),但不能稱為Sir
Gilberto
beresponsiblefor對(duì)...需負(fù)責(zé)任/承擔(dān)責(zé)任的
Whoisresponsiblefortheaccident?Johnisresponsibleforthe
building.
-ing形式前面無(wú)冠詞時(shí)可直接跟賓語(yǔ):makingtheclock;-ing前有冠詞時(shí)則其
后不能直接跟賓語(yǔ),而必須用of:themakingoftheclock。
4、Itisnotonlyofimmensesize,butisextremelyaccurateaswell.
beof...表示人或物的特征
Weareofthesameage/size.Thisletterisofgreatimportance.
5,BigBenhasrarelygonewrong.
gowrong(機(jī)器等)發(fā)生故障,出毛病
Somethinghasgonewrongwithmycar.
6、Apainterwhohadbeenworkingonthetowerhungapotofpaintononeof
thehandsandsloweditdown!
slowdown(使...)慢下來(lái)/減速(可分開(kāi)使用)
Heslowedhiscardownwhiledrivinginheavytraffic.
[SpecialDifficulties]
Official,EmployeeandShopassistant
1.officialn.官員,公務(wù)員,高級(jí)官員
Bankofficialsgethighsalaries.
Beforeheretired,Jeremyhadbeenagovernment/cityofficial.
2.employeen.雇員,雇工(包括各個(gè)層次的)
Laterhebecameagovernmentemployee.
3.shopassistant零售店的店員(英語(yǔ)中用salesclerk)
Theshopassistantwhoservedherdidnotlikethewayshewasdressed.
Hang/HungandHang/Hanged
l.hang(hung,hung)vt.懸掛
I'mhangingthispictureonthewall.
2.hang(hanged,hanged)vt.絞歹匕,吊歹匕,上吊
Ashehasmurderedthreemen,heoughttobehanged.
Iwonderwhyshehangedherself.
Lesson72Acarcalledbluebird
★burstv.爆裂
①vi爆炸,爆裂
Atyreburstduringthesecondrun.
Theballoonburst.
②vt&vi突然打開(kāi)
Weburstthedooropen.
WhileIwasreading,thedoorburstopenandJohncamein.
【課文講解】
1、Thegreatracingdriver,SirMalcolmCampbell,wasthefirstmantodriveat
over300milesperhour.
在thesecond,thenext/thelast以及表示最高級(jí)的如thebest,themost
intelligent等后可以用to引導(dǎo)的不定式短語(yǔ)做定語(yǔ),這些詞語(yǔ)后面可以接名詞或
one(s),也可以不接:
She'salwaysthefirsttoarriveandthelasttoleave.
You'rethebestpersontoadvisemeaboutbuyingahouse.你是我買房的最好
顧問(wèn)。
theonly后必須接一個(gè)名詞或one(s):
You'retheonlyperson/onetocomplain.
per表示“每一,每”,通常用于商業(yè)及技術(shù)用語(yǔ),日常用語(yǔ)大多用a/an:
Youcanstayatthehotelat$10perpersonpernight.
Youmusthavebeendrivingatseventymilesan/perhour.
2、Itwasover30feetinlengthandhada2,500-horsepowerengine.
30feetinlength30英尺長(zhǎng)
3>AlthoughCampbellreachedaspeedofover304milesperhour,hehad
greatdifficultyincontrollingthecarbecauseatyreburstduringthefirstrun.
havedifficulty(in)doingsth.做...有困難
HehasgrownabeardandIhaddifficulty(in)recognizinghim.
thefirstrun開(kāi)始的行程
thenextrunisfortymiles.下一段賽程為40英里。
4、Followinginhisfather'sfootstepsmanyyearslater,SirMalcolm'sson,
Donald,alsosetupaworldrecord.
followinone'sfootsteps步某人的后塵,仿效某人,繼承某人的事業(yè)
Heintendstofollowinhisfather'sfootstepsandtobecomeadentist.
Lesson73Therecord-holder
★record-holder紀(jì)錄保持者
n.+v.+er構(gòu)詞法tennisplayer
★taantn.逃學(xué)的孩子,逃學(xué)者
Thethreeboyswhoarefishingovertherearetruantsandoughttobesent
backtoschool.
playtruant逃學(xué)(英)
theboywhoplayedtruant逃學(xué)的孩子
playhooky逃學(xué)(美)
beabsentfromclassunpurpose逃學(xué)(unpurposeadv.故意的)
Hediditunpurpose.
evadeschool逃學(xué)
★uninaginativeadj缺乏想象力的
imaginev,想象,設(shè)想
imaginativeadj.有想象力的
Sheisanimaginativepainter.
Paintersshouldbeimaginative.
imaginationn.想象力
-tive一般是形容詞的后綴;-tion一般是名詞的后綴
★shamen.慚愧,羞恥
Whatashame!真可恥!
Shameonyou!替你感到可恥!
shamefuladj.令人羞愧
ashamedadj.感到羞愧
putsb.toshame讓某人感到羞愧
對(duì)別人贊美的回答:
Thankyou.Youareflatteringme.(你過(guò)獎(jiǎng)了。)
Youputmetoshame.(你比我好的意思)
putsb.totrouble給某人帶來(lái)麻煩
★hitchhikev.搭便車旅行
hitchhike=takealift搭便車
hitchhikern.搭便車的人
★meantinen.其間
inthemeantime=meanwhile與此同時(shí)
★evadev.逃避,逃離
①vt(巧妙地)逃脫,躲開(kāi)
Sheevadedablowfromthemanandthencalledoutforhelp.
②vt回避,逃避(尤指不當(dāng)?shù)兀?/p>
evadedoingsth.逃避做...
Healwaystriestoevadepayingtaxes.
Manychildrendreamofevadingschool.
avoidv.逃避,逃離,避免
avoid指通過(guò)一種合理的,正當(dāng)?shù)氖侄蝸?lái)避免做某事;evade指通過(guò)欺騙的手
段來(lái)避免做某事。
taxavoidance避稅taxevasion逃稅
【課文講解】
1、Childrenwhoplaytruantfromschoolareunimaginative.
playtruantfromschool=playtruant逃學(xué)
Asaboy,Tomusedtoplaytruant(fromschool).
2^Aquietday'sfishing,oreighthoursinacinemaseeingthesamefilmover
andoveragain,isusuallyasfarastheyget.
動(dòng)詞ing前面如果出現(xiàn)定語(yǔ),若是名詞,則采用名詞所有格或名詞短語(yǔ)本身。
eighthours'seeingthefilm
非謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞做主語(yǔ),一律作單數(shù)看。
Threehoursintheroom,Itistiring.
Threehours(')listeningtotheteacheristiring.
Threehoursintheroomlisteningtotheteacheristiring.
EventssuchastheMarch5thshootingatahighschoolinSanDiegobring
theproblemintofocus.
比如三月五日圣地亞哥一所高中學(xué)校發(fā)生的槍擊事件問(wèn)題成為焦點(diǎn)。
overandoveragain=againandagain一次又一次,一再地,反復(fù)許多次
地
Asmygrandmothercan'thearverywell,Ihadtosayitoverandoveragain,
asfaras+從句最大程度...,到....程度,就...而言
AsfarasIknow,hisoperationssuccessful.
3、Theyhaveallbeenputtoshamebyaboywho,whileplayingtruant,
travelled1,600miles.
while引導(dǎo)時(shí)間狀語(yǔ)從句,一般放在前面或后面,放在中間就加上逗號(hào)。while
doing省略句,省略了主語(yǔ)和be動(dòng)詞,這個(gè)主語(yǔ)一定就是主句的主語(yǔ)。
put...toshame使……蒙羞,使....相形見(jiàn)細(xì)
Whathehasdoneputhisparentstoshame.
Hesavedthechildattheriskofhisownlifeandputallthosewholookedon
t。shame.他冒著生命危險(xiǎn)救了那個(gè)孩子,使所有旁觀者都相形見(jiàn)細(xì)。
4、HehitchhikedtoDoverand,towardsevening,wentintoaboattofind
somewheretosleep.
hitchhiketo...搭便車去
Dovern.多佛(英國(guó)著名的港口)
towardsevening快到晚上
somewheretosleep可以睡覺(jué)的地方
anythingtodo/drink可以做的事/可以喝的東西(這里todo做定語(yǔ))
5^Whenhewokeupnextmorning,hediscoveredthattheboathad,inthe
meantime,travelledtoCalais.
wakeup自己醒來(lái)
Calaisn.加來(lái)(法國(guó)城市)
inthemeantime在此期間
Ifeeltiredandwouldliketotakeanap.Inthemeantime,youmaydosome
reading.
6^Noonenoticedtheboyashecreptoff.
creepoff=creepaway
★creep
①vi爬行,匍匐,(像爬行似地)慢慢前進(jìn)
Theoldcarcreptalongthecountryroad.
Asnakecreptintothegardenwhileshewaswritingaletter.
②vi悄悄地/躡手躡腳地走;漸漸產(chǎn)生/出現(xiàn)
WecreptupstairssoasnottowakeGrandpa.
Henoticedthatagehadcreptonhim.
7、ThenextcartheboystoppeddidnottakehimintothecentreofParisashe
hopeditwould,buttoPerpignanontheFrench-Spanishborder.
o帶到...
not...but...不是....而是....
assb.hoped正如某人所希望的
Ibecameagoodteacherasmymotherhopes.
thansb.expected比某人所期待的還....
Don'taskwhatthecountrydoforyou,butaskwhatyoudoforthecountry.
theFrench-Spanishborder法國(guó)與西班牙的邊界
8^TherehewaspickedupbyapolicemanandsentbacktoEnglandbythe
localauthorities.
pickup逮捕,拘捕
Aftertheaccident,hewaspickedupbythepolice.
[Keystructures]
簡(jiǎn)單句、并列句和復(fù)合句
簡(jiǎn)單句是英語(yǔ)中最小的句子單位,一般有一個(gè)限定動(dòng)詞,它有一個(gè)主語(yǔ)和一個(gè)謂
語(yǔ),但可以用連詞and將兩個(gè)或兩個(gè)以上的動(dòng)詞合并為一個(gè)簡(jiǎn)單句。根據(jù)動(dòng)詞
后所使用的不同成分,簡(jiǎn)單句可有5種基本句型:
①主語(yǔ)+動(dòng)詞②主語(yǔ)+動(dòng)詞+主語(yǔ)補(bǔ)足語(yǔ):
③主語(yǔ)+動(dòng)詞+直接賓語(yǔ):④主語(yǔ)+動(dòng)詞+間接賓語(yǔ)+直接賓語(yǔ)
⑤主語(yǔ)+動(dòng)詞+賓語(yǔ)+賓語(yǔ)補(bǔ)足語(yǔ)
將幾個(gè)簡(jiǎn)單句連接起來(lái)構(gòu)成并列句。在并列句中不存在單獨(dú)的主句和從屬于它的
從句;各小句根據(jù)上下文的要求按邏輯次序排列,但各小句都同等重要并獨(dú)立存
在。我們常常把并列句中的各小句看成是并列主句??刹捎孟铝腥魏我环N方式構(gòu)
成并列句:
①用分號(hào)
Wefishedallday;wedidn'tcatchathing.
②用分號(hào),后面跟一個(gè)連接副詞(短語(yǔ)),如however、aboveall、inaddition、
asfaras等
Wefishedallday;however,wedidn'tcatchathing.
③用并列連詞,如and、but、so,yet等,前面常加逗號(hào):
Wefishedallday,but(we)didn'tcatchathing.
復(fù)合句的構(gòu)成方法可以是把簡(jiǎn)單句連接在一起,但復(fù)合句的各個(gè)組成部分并非同
等重要(此點(diǎn)與并列句不同),其中總有一個(gè)獨(dú)立小句(或稱“主句”)和一個(gè)或一個(gè)以
上的從屬小句(或稱“從句】主句往往可以獨(dú)立存在。復(fù)合句的構(gòu)成方法:
①用連詞將從句與主句連接起來(lái):
Ifyou'renotgoodatfigures,itispointlesstoapplyforjobinabank.
如果你不擅于計(jì)算,向銀行求職就毫無(wú)意義。
②用動(dòng)詞不定式或分詞結(jié)構(gòu)。它們是非限定性動(dòng)詞,是短語(yǔ)而不是從句,但它
們構(gòu)成復(fù)合句(而非簡(jiǎn)單句)的一部分。之所以如此是因?yàn)樗鼈兛梢杂脧木涞男?/p>
式表現(xiàn)出來(lái)。
Togetintoauniversityyouhavetopassanumberofexaminations.
從句可分為:名詞性從句;關(guān)系/形容詞從句;副詞從句。
Holidayresortswhichareverycrowdedarenotverypleasant.
那些擁擠的度假場(chǎng)所令人感到不很愉快。
HowerverhardItry,Ican'trememberpeople'snames.
Lesson74outofthelimelight
【課文講解】
1、Outofthelimelight
limelight的原義為舞臺(tái)照明用的“石灰光”,其引申意義為“眾人注目的中心”,這
里的limelight是指舞臺(tái)。
Shehasbeeninthelimelightsinceshebecameanactress.
Althoughheisagovernmentofficial,hetriestokeepoutofthelimelight.
2、Anancientbusstoppedbyadryriverbedandapartyoffamousactorsand
actressesgotoff.
riverbed指河床,名詞river作形容詞用,類似的還有flowerbed(花壇)
party作量詞用時(shí)表示"一行,一伙,一群"等,如apartyoftourists/boys(一群
旅游者/男孩)等。
3、Whydon'twecomemoreoften?
“Why+don't/doesn't+主語(yǔ)+動(dòng)詞?”結(jié)構(gòu)可用來(lái)提出建議:
Whydon'tyouchangeawatch?
4^'Nowyougetoutofhere,allofyou!'heshouted.
getoutofhere從這里走開(kāi),滾出去,滾開(kāi)
getfuckoutofhere給我從這滾出去
5>Tmsheriffhere.Doyouseethatnotice?Itsays"NoCamping"--incaseyou
can'tread!'
I'msheriffhere.(sheriff是一種官銜,官銜前面不加冠詞)
Heispresident.總統(tǒng)(官銜)
Whoismonitor?誰(shuí)是班長(zhǎng)(官銜)
Iamateacher.teacher不是官銜,加不定冠詞
incase+從句假使,萬(wàn)一……的話,免得,以防萬(wàn)一(常用于引導(dǎo)條
件或目的狀語(yǔ)從句,當(dāng)句子表示將來(lái)的時(shí)間時(shí),incase后面必須用現(xiàn)在時(shí)態(tài)或
should/might)
incaseyoucan'tread除非你們不識(shí)字。
I'mtakingaraincoatwithmeincaseIneedit.
Incasehecomes/shouldcome,givehimthisletter.
6、'don'tbetoohardonus.I'mRockwallSlingerandthisisMerlinGreeves.'
behardon...對(duì)...(過(guò)分)嚴(yán)厲
Don,tbetoohardonthatchild.
Heisalwayshardonhisemployee.
[SpecialDifficulties]
與get有關(guān)的一些短語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞
l.getout
①(使)出去/出來(lái)(反義詞為getinto)
Whydon'tyougetthedogout?
Thedoorislocked.Ican'tgetout.
②走開(kāi),滾開(kāi)(常用于祈使句)
Nowyougetoutofherefast!
2.getinto進(jìn)來(lái)
I'velostmykey.Ican'tgetintothehouse.
3.geton
①前進(jìn),進(jìn)展(與getalong同義)
Heisgettingonquitewellinhisnewjob.
②繼續(xù)干;相處融洽(常與w計(jì)h連用)
Tomtalkedwithhisbrotherforawhile,andthengotonwithhis
homework.
He'ssodifficult.Ican'tgetonwithhim.他這個(gè)人這么別扭,我無(wú)法和他相
處。
4.get...off脫下,除去/取下
Pleasehelpmetogettheboxofftheboat.
Whenhegotthelidoffthebox,hesawamanlyinginit.
5.getoff沒(méi)受重傷/重罰而逃脫(常與with連用)
Tomwaspunished,butJimgoofflightly.
Icanhardlybelievethatthethiefgotoffwithjustawarning.
6.getover
①恢復(fù)過(guò)來(lái),痊愈
Hasyourmothergotoverherillness?
②解決/結(jié)束(某件不愉快但必要做的事)(常與with連用)
Theywantedtogetthejoboverasquicklyaspossible.
7.getthough
①通過(guò)(考試、測(cè)驗(yàn)等)
Haveyougotthroughyourdrivingtestlastweek?
②吃掉,喝完,用光
FancyHelengettingthroughallthefood!
用于公共標(biāo)語(yǔ)的no
公共標(biāo)語(yǔ)通常字?jǐn)?shù)很少,語(yǔ)言精練。在表示“禁止……”時(shí)往往用no+名詞/動(dòng)名詞
或名詞短語(yǔ),如NoCamping(禁止野營(yíng)),NoSmoking(禁止吸煙),NoParking
(禁止停車),NoLeftTurn(禁止左轉(zhuǎn)彎)。
在真正的公告牌上,這些標(biāo)語(yǔ)往往全部用大寫(xiě)字母,不加標(biāo)點(diǎn),如NO
SMOKING等。
OnpublicnoticeswewriteNoCampinginsteadofDonotcamp.
在公告牌上我們不用D。notcamp,而用NoCamping。
Lesson75SOS
★survivorn.幸存者(指人)
survivaln.幸存的東西
survivev.生存;存活下來(lái)
thepersonwhosurvived
Ilearnhowtolive,butnowIknowhowtosurvive.(生存)
Isurvivedafterthefire.(存活下一來(lái))
survive+sth.(災(zāi)難)經(jīng)過(guò)某種災(zāi)難還存在,還活著
Isurvivedthefire.
Thehousesurvivedtheearthquake.
★scenen.現(xiàn)場(chǎng)
①n.(事件發(fā)生的)地點(diǎn),現(xiàn)場(chǎng)
Ahelicoptersoonarrivedonthescenetorescuethesurvivors.
一架直升飛機(jī)很快飛抵出事現(xiàn)場(chǎng),搭救幸存者。
Thesethingswerefoundatthesceneofthemurder.
②n.風(fēng)景,景色;景象
Abeautifulscenealwaysmakesmedelighted.
Ihavejustseenasadscene.
【課文講解】
1、Whenalightpassengerplaneflewoffcoursesometimeago,itcrashedin
themountainsanditspilotwaskilled.
offcourse脫離軌宣
flyoffcourse飛行偏離航線
Duringthestorm,theshipwentoffcourse.
killv.殺(僅表示死了,不一定是人為的殺死,有可能是火災(zāi)等)
FireinTokyo.Fivepeoplekilled.Tenpersonsinjured.(受傷)
murderv.謀殺(故意殺死)
2、Itwasthemiddleofwinter.
middleofwinter隆冬
middleofsummer盛夏
3^Snowlaythickontheground.
lay是系動(dòng)詞,thick是形容詞作表語(yǔ),表示主語(yǔ)的狀態(tài)或性質(zhì)。
Theoldmanliesillandneglectedinbed.
4、Thewomanknewthatthenearestvillagewasmilesaway.
milesaway幾英里之外(距離的表達(dá)方式)
5、Whenitgrewdark,sheturnedasuitcaseintoabedandputthechildren
insideit,coveringthemwithalltheclothesshecouldfind.
o...=o...把...變成...
6>Thewomankeptasnearasshecouldtothechildrenandeventriedtoget
intothecaseherself,butitwastoosmall.
as...assb.can/could=as...aspossible盡可能的....
Hegotthroughasmuchfoodashecouldandsetout.
TellJimtocometomyofficeassoonashecan.
nearto=closeto
7、Earlynextmorning,sheheardplanespassingoverheadandwonderedhow
shecouldsendasignal.
hearsb.doingsth.聽(tīng)見(jiàn)某人正在做某事
overheadadv.從頭頂
wonder=wanttoknow
8>Thenshehadanidea.Shestampedouttheletters'SOS'inthesnow.
stampout踩出
out在這里為副詞,表示“出現(xiàn),顯露”等
Thewriterhasbroughtoutanotherbook.
Hewroteoutalonglistofallthefoodswhichwereforbidden.
SOS=SaveOurSouls國(guó)際通用的呼救信號(hào)
inthesnow在雪地上
9、Fortunately,apilotsawthesignalandsentamessagebyradiotothe
nearesttown.
byradio通過(guò)廣播
10、Itwasnotlongbeforeahelicopterarrivedonthescenetorescuethe
survivorsoftheplanecrash.
longbefore=longlongago很久以前
Itwasnotlongbefore+從句不久就...(指過(guò)去)
Itwasnotlongbeforehewentabroad.
ItwasnotlongbeforeIfinishedmyhomework.
Itwillnotbelongbefore...不久就...(將來(lái)可能發(fā)生的事)
Itwillnotbelongbeforehegetsoverhisillness.
beforelong不久以后(…般將來(lái)時(shí),從現(xiàn)在算不久以后會(huì)怎么樣)
Beforelong,hewillgoabroad.
shortlybefore........之前不久
shortlyafter......之后立即
onthescene在現(xiàn)場(chǎng)(固定短語(yǔ))
[SpecialDifficulties]
可以表示“變成”的一些動(dòng)詞
grow,turn,go,get,com,fall等動(dòng)詞均有“變成"的意思,但它們?cè)谟梅ㄉ嫌?/p>
時(shí)有差別。
1.grow表示"(逐漸)變得",比get要正式些:
Hehasgrownfat.
Hehasgrowntolikestudyingmathematics.
①growdark(變黑)
grow=getslowly慢慢變得
2.turn表示“把(狀態(tài)、性質(zhì))改變(成)……”或‘使變顏色”等
Leaveswillturnyellowinautumn.
Acolonyofbeeshadturnedtheengineintoahive.
Hisfaceturnedred.
3.g。表示“變成(某種狀態(tài))”,通常表示不好的變化:
Somefoodsgobadeasily.
Themilkwentsour.
4.get在口語(yǔ)中使用較多,表示“成為(某種狀態(tài))",強(qiáng)調(diào)的是變化的過(guò)程(一
下子變得)。天氣變化,一般用get,getcold(變冷)
Thingsgotsobadrecentlythathedecidedtogoonadiet.
5.come可表示“變成,成為,達(dá)到”等,與true連用時(shí)表示“實(shí)現(xiàn)”
Herdreamtoswimacrossthechannelhascometrue.
come+true/right/loose
Thedreamcomestrue.夢(mèng)想成真。
Takeiteasy.Everythingwillcomeright.
comeloose變松初
6.fall可表示“變成……的狀態(tài)”
fall+asleep/ill墜落夢(mèng)鄉(xiāng)/病倒了
YoufellasleepwhileIwastalkingtoyou.
Hefellilllastweek,sohedidn'tcometoyourwedding.
Lesson76AprilFools'Day
【課文講解】
1、we'regoingovertothemacaronifieldsofCalabria.
goover往...走過(guò)去
Iwentovertotheblindmantohelphimacrosstheroad.
2、Hereyoucanseetwoworkerswho,betweenthem,havejustfinished
cuttingthreecartloadsofgoldenbrownmacaronistalks.
between作介詞時(shí)含義之一是“作為……共同努力的結(jié)果,協(xié)力”:
Betweenthemtheykilledthesnake.
Betweenuswepulleddownthetree.我們協(xié)力把樹(shù)拉倒了。
3、Thewholevillagehasbeenworkingdayandnightgatheringandthreshing
thisyear'scropbeforetheSeptemberrains.
rainn.雨水;雨季,季節(jié)性的雨(常用復(fù)數(shù))
theSeptemberrains9月雨季
Wehaven'thadmuchrainthisyear.
Sometimesspringrainsarereallyannoying.有時(shí)綿綿春雨真讓人心煩意
亂。
[SpecialDifficulties]
UsualandUsually
1.usualadj.通常的,平常的,慣常的
Itisusualwithhimtogetuplate.
Iparkedthecarattheusualplace.
2.usuallyadv.平常,通常
Whendoyouusuallyhavesupper?
BetweenandAmong
1.betweenprep.在(兩者)之間
Ipickedupthereceiverbetweentwostickyfinger.
當(dāng)表示兩兩之間的相互關(guān)系時(shí),between可用于3個(gè)(或3個(gè)以上)的名詞前:
Thevillageliesbetweenariver,amountainandaroad.
2.amongprep.在...中間,被……環(huán)繞(指三者以上)
Thechurchliesamongmountains.
Amongthoseboys,Danisthetallest.
Manager,DirectorandHeadmaster
1.managern.經(jīng)理
Ienteredthehotelmanager'sofficeandsatdown.
2.directorn.主任,董事
Mr.Jonesisthedirectorofseveralcompanies.
3.headmastern.(中學(xué))校長(zhǎng)
Ihaven'tmettheheadmasterofthisschoolyet.
Lesson77Asuccessfuloperation
★hstvi持續(xù),延續(xù)(常跟一個(gè)表示時(shí)間的名詞或短語(yǔ),沒(méi)有被動(dòng)語(yǔ)態(tài))
last直接加時(shí)間或加for+時(shí)間
Themeetinglasts(for)threehours.
Thewarbetweenthetwocountrieslasted(for)overthreeyears/until1453.
★provev.顯示出
①vi顯示,表明
prove+adj.
Itprovesdifficulttodothejobbyherself.
prove+tobe+adj.
Itprovestobedifficult.
②vt證明,證實(shí)(后面可跟從句、形容詞、名詞、不定式等)
Iwillproveittoyou.我將會(huì)證明給你看
We'rebeentryingtosellourhouse,butit'sprovedtobeverydifficult.
Youshouldfirstprovethatyouboughtthesegoodshere.
【課文講解】
1ThemummyofanEgyptianwomanwhodiedin800B.C.hasjusthadan
operation.
B.C.=BeforeChrist公元前,放在年代的后面。
A.D.公元,放在年代的前面,常??梢允÷浴?/p>
2、ThemummyisthatofShepenmutwhowasonceasingerintheTempleof
Thebes.
that指代上文當(dāng)中出現(xiàn)的名詞themummy。在指代特指事物時(shí),尤其是在比較
狀語(yǔ)從句中,常用that和those指代提到的事物:
ThecostoflivinghereislowerthanthatinLondon.
thatof和thoseof一般用于較正式的文體中:
It'scolderthanGuangzhou.x(北京、廣州是地點(diǎn),只有大小之分,本身沒(méi)
有冷和熱)
TheweatherofBeijingiscolderthanGuangzhou,x
TheweatherofBeijingiscolderthantheweatherofGuangzhou.
=TheweatherofBeijingiscolderthanthatofGuangzhouV
ThetextsofBookTwoaremoredifficultthanthoseofBookOne.
TheareaoftheUSAislargerthanthatofBritain.
TempleofThebes底比斯神廟
3、AstherewerestrangemarksontheX-rayplatestakenofthemummy,
doctorshavebeentryingtofindoutwhetherthewomandiedofararedisease,
takeplatesofsth.給...拍片子
takephotosofthemountain
takeplate拍片子,takephoto拍照片
4、AstherewerestrangemarksontheX-rayplatestakenofthemummy,
doctorshavebeentryingtofindoutwhetherthewomandiedofararedisease,
findout+從句
die是瞬間動(dòng)詞,不能和段時(shí)間連用。要和段時(shí)間連用,就必須變成系
表結(jié)構(gòu)bedeadodie不能用bedoing形式。若用了bedoing,表示即將發(fā)生
的動(dòng)作。
Hehasdiedforthreeyears.x
dieintheaccident死于車禍
dieof+內(nèi)因死于...
dieofhunger
dieofgrief死于悲哀
diefrom+外因死于....
diefromwound(槍傷)
Hediedfromtheheartdisease.
在日常生活表達(dá)當(dāng)中,dieof和diefrom可以互換。
5、Theonlywaytodothiswastooperate.
way+of做……的方式(做定語(yǔ))
way+todo做……的方式(做定語(yǔ))
6、Thedoctorshavenotyetdecidedhowthewomandied.
what對(duì)名詞提問(wèn),how對(duì)副詞或介詞短語(yǔ)提問(wèn)。
how在這里是對(duì)ofsth.提問(wèn)的。要想用what提問(wèn),died后面加of。
decidev.做出最終的判斷,對(duì)……下判決,解決(懸案)
Thepolicecannotdecideyetwhichofthetwomenisguilty.
7、Theyfearedthatthemummywouldfalltopieceswhentheycutitopen,but
fortunatelythishasnothappened.
fearv.害怕(長(zhǎng)時(shí)間的)
cutopen切開(kāi)
falltopieces=gotopieces碎成碎片,散掉
Duringthestorm,theoldhousefelltopieces.
Aftertwoyearstheirmarriagefelltopieces.
[SpecialDifficulties]
B.C.andA.D.
1.B.C.=BeforeChrist公元前(位于年代之后)
TheRomansinvadedEnglandin55B.C.
2.A.D.=annoDomini(=intheyeareoftheLord=sinceChristwasborn)公元
前GeorgeIdiedinA.D.1727.
Skin,LeatherandComplexion
l.skinn.人體的皮膚;指某人是什么顏芯的皮膚(可與complexion互
換)
Wearewettotheskin.Hehasadarkskin/complexion.
2.leathern.皮革
Shoesmadeofrealleatherhavebecomeveryexpensive.
Thissofaismadefromrealleather.
3.complexionn.膚色
Lookatherrosycheeks.Shehasalovelycomplexion.
WaxandCandle
l.waxn.蠟(不可數(shù)名詞)eg.AIIthefiguresinthisshoparemadeof
wax.
2.candlen.蠟燭(可數(shù)名詞)
eg.Ikeepacandlebymybedincasethelightsgooutsuddenly.
Lesson78Thelastone?
★entitlevt以...為名,取名,給...題名,給...稱號(hào);V.授權(quán),授權(quán)
entitle+賓語(yǔ)+sth.給...題名為...
Thewriterhasn'tentitledhisnewbookyet.
ThebookwasentitledTheSunAlsoRises.
callsb.sth.
namesb.sth.
★cahv.使鎮(zhèn)定
calmdown鎮(zhèn)定下來(lái)
★nerven.神經(jīng)
loseone'snerve失去勇氣Ilostmynerve.
nervousadj.神經(jīng)緊張的
★concentratbnn.集中,專心
concentratev.專心
concentrateondoingsth.集中精力做某事
concentrateonlearningEnglish
★suferv.受苦,受害
①vi受痛苦,愛(ài)苦難;患病
Duringthistime,mywifesufferedterribly.
Whatisthepatientsufferingfrom?
②vt遭受(痛苦、損害等)
Thevillagesufferedseriousdamagefromthefloods.
Manypeoplearesufferingcoldandhungerinthatdistrict.
★ternpern.脾氣
keepone'stemper別發(fā)火
loseone'stemper發(fā)火
Sincehisillness,healwaysloseshistemper.
名詞+ed為形容詞:
hot-tempered脾氣火爆;good-tempered好脾氣的;bad-tempered壞脾氣
的
★appetiten.胃口,食欲
appetiteforsth.關(guān)于...的食欲(appetite表示的胃口僅對(duì)食物而言)
Ihavegoodappetitefortheicecream.我很想吃冰淇淋
toone'staste對(duì)某人的胃口
Thisbookisnottomytaste.
★producev.拿出produce=take
★urgev.力勸,慫恿
urgesb.todosth.慫恿某人做
persuadesb.todosth.說(shuō)服/勸說(shuō)某人做某事
★satisfectfonn.滿意,滿足
satisfactoryadj.令人滿意的
★de隨htedadj感到高興的,欣喜的
delightn.欣喜,高興
delight+人讓某人高興
glad/happy/pleased感到高興的I'mglad/happy/pleased.
glad是一種客套的話Gladtohearthat.
happy是相對(duì)穩(wěn)定的一種快樂(lè)Heisahappyman.
pleased高興的,含有很滿足的概念I(lǐng)'mpleased.
delighted突如其來(lái)的事情讓人感到的開(kāi)心I'mdelighted.
【課文講解】
1>Afterreadinganarticleentitled'CigaretteSmokingandYourHealth'Ilita
cigarettetocalmmynerves.
anarticleentitled題名為...的文章
在英語(yǔ)中,文章名與書(shū)名中的每個(gè)單詞的第一個(gè)字母均大寫(xiě),不在開(kāi)頭位置的連
詞、冠詞、小品詞除外。
lit(light,light)v.點(diǎn)燃Ilitacigarette.
lightedadj.被點(diǎn)燃的Thisisalightedcigarette.
2^Myfriendskeptonofferingcigarettesandcigars.
keepondoingsth.=continuedoingsth.持續(xù)不斷的做
Thechildwascryingloudly,buthekeptonwatchingTV.
cigarn.雪茄
offersb.sth.給某人某物
3、TheymadenoefforttohidetheiramusementwheneverIproducedapacket
ofsweetsfrommypocket.
makeeveryeffort盡全力,盡一切努力
Hemadeeveryefforttoget/atgettingthejob.
makenoeffort根本不作努力,毫不戒力
makenoefforttopersuadehim
Shewrotetheletterwith/withouteffort.她費(fèi)力/毫不費(fèi)力地寫(xiě)了那封信。
makeeffort+todosth.努力做……
nomatterwhen=whenever無(wú)論何時(shí)
nomatterwho=whoever無(wú)論是誰(shuí)
nomatterwhere=wherever無(wú)論在哪里
nomatterhow無(wú)論怎樣
4、WhenmyoldfriendBrianurgedmetoacceptacigarette,itwasmorethanI
couldbear.
wasmorethanIcouldbear=Icouldn'tbear
morethan后面跟一個(gè)從句或一個(gè)形容詞時(shí)可以表示“超出”(多用于口語(yǔ)):
Hewasmorethanpleasedwithhisnewroom.
ThiswasmorethanIhadexpectd.
5、Anyway,asBrianpointedout,itistheeasiestthingintheworldtogiveup
smoking.
anyway不管如何
AnywayIlovehim.
Thankyouanyway.
pointout=explain指出,指明
Whydidn'tyoupointouthismistaketohimatthattime?
Hepointedoutthatwestillhadtogetafewotherthings.
[SpecialDifficulties]
與keep有關(guān)的短語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞
l.keepon+doingsth.反復(fù),持續(xù)
Myfriendskeptonofferingmecigarettes.
Hekeptonsayingthathewastired.他不斷地說(shuō)他累了。
2.keepoff不靠近,從...離開(kāi)
Keepofftheflowerbed.請(qǐng)勿進(jìn)入花壇。
Keepyourhandsoffthefood.別動(dòng)吃的東西。
3.keepawayfrom(使....)不靠近,避開(kāi)
Whydoyoualwayskeepawayfromme?你為什么總躲著我?
Keepthechildrenawayfromtheriver.別讓孩子們?nèi)ズ舆叀?/p>
4.keepitup不松勁,保持成績(jī),繼續(xù)下去
You'vemademuchprogress.Keepitup!你已取得了很大進(jìn)步。繼續(xù)努
力!
Ifyoukeepitup,you'llbeabletosetupanewworldrecord.
你如果保持下去/不松勁,你就能創(chuàng)一項(xiàng)新的世界紀(jì)錄。
5.keepupwith跟上,不落在..后面
Althoughhewalkedasfastashecould,hestillcouldn'tkeepupwithhis
father.
雖然他盡快走,但他仍跟不上他父親。
Inordertokeepupwithhisclassmates,heworkedharderthanever.
為了跟上同學(xué),他比以往任何時(shí)候都更努力。
6.keepout(使)留在外面,(使)不進(jìn)入
Heshutallthedoorsandwindowstokeepoutthewind.
為了擋風(fēng),他關(guān)上了所有的門窗。
16,000-voltpowerline.Keepout!16,000伏高壓線,不可靠近!
7.keepin(把……)留在里面/關(guān)在屋里,不出外
It'sverycoldtoday.We'dbetterkeepin.今天很冷。我們最好別出去。
Whenthedogwaskeptin,itbarkedloudly.那條狗被關(guān)在屋里時(shí)狂吠不
止。
Lesson79Byair
★plantv.安放
①vt種植;在……內(nèi)種植
Theyplantedgrassseedonthedesolatehills.
②vt放置,安置;布置
Abombwasplantedontheplane.
Onthatdaymanypolicemenwereplantedalongthemainstreet.
【課文講解】
1>AflightattendantwouldtakechargeofmeandIneverhadanunpleasant
experience.
takecharge(of)...照顧...,接管,開(kāi)始管理
Shetookchargeofthechildafterhisparentsdied.
Thenewmanagerwilltakecharge(ofthecompany)fromnextweek.
2、IamusedtotravellingbyairandonlyononeoccasionhaveIeverfelt
frightened.
倒裝句,倒裝句的結(jié)構(gòu)為"副詞+助動(dòng)詞(be,do,have,can,must等)+主語(yǔ)
+句子的其余部分”。
用倒裝句的情況:
①句首為否定或近似否定的副詞(never,rarely,little,onnooccasion,hardly,
nosooner…that等:
Littledoesherealizehowimportantthismeetingis.
Neverhashegotsomanyletters.
Onnooccasionmustyouacceptanymoneyifheoffersit.
②句首為0nly構(gòu)成的詞組(如0nlyafter,0nlythen等:
OnlythendidIrealizewhatamistakeIhavemade.
Onlyaftersh
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