土木工程材料英文詞匯

chaptlIntroduction41compound化合物，混合物1RoadEngineeringMaterials道路工程42Highpolymer高分子聚合物材料43Physicalproperty物理性能2billingual雙語44Density密度3materialscience材料科學(xué)45Porosity孔隙率4interdisciplinary各學(xué)科間的，跨學(xué)科46Voidcontent空隙率5chemistry化學(xué)47Moisturecontent含水量6physics物理48Specificgravity比重7metallurgy冶金學(xué)49Permeability滲透性8construction施工，建設(shè)，建筑物50Structure構(gòu)造9structure結(jié)構(gòu)，構(gòu)造，建筑物51micro微觀10foundation基礎(chǔ)52macro宏觀11toagreatextent在很大程度上53Texture質(zhì)地，紋理，本質(zhì)12engineeringquality工程質(zhì)量54Color顏色13applicability適用性55Shape形狀14Durability耐久性56evaluat評(píng)估，評(píng)價(jià)15Safety安全性57appearance夕卜觀16Economy經(jīng)濟(jì)性58weight質(zhì)量17Beauty美觀59Semi-rigidbase半剛性基層18grasp理解60limestabilizedsoil石灰穩(wěn)定土19property性質(zhì)，性能，所有權(quán)61Mechanicalproperties力學(xué)性能，機(jī)械20proportion比例，使成比例性能21aggregate集料，骨料62Chemicalproperties化學(xué)性能22lime石灰63Deformation變形23cement水泥64stiffness剛度24bitumen瀝青65Strength強(qiáng)度25steel鋼鐵66Tension力，拉力26wood木材67compression壓力，壓縮，壓迫27design設(shè)計(jì)68shear剪切，剪力，修剪28mixture混合料69flexure彎曲29concrete混凝土70torsion扭力，轉(zhuǎn)矩30sand砂71impact沖擊力31Mortar砂漿72Elasticmodulus彈性模量32Asphaltconcrete瀝青混凝土73Brittleness脆性、脆度33penetration針入度74plasticity塑形，可塑性34ductility延度75ductility延性，延展性Naturalmaterials自然材料Artificialmaterials人工材料76的pertain為固有的，與有關(guān)系37Modernmaterials現(xiàn)代材料77composition構(gòu)成，成分38Gravel碎石，礫石78Acidity酸度39Inorganicbinder無機(jī)結(jié)合料，無機(jī)黏79Alkalinity堿度結(jié)劑80corrosion腐蝕，侵蝕40Organicbinder有機(jī)結(jié)合料，有機(jī)膠81force力結(jié)料82load荷載stress應(yīng)力externalforces外力internalforces力consecutive連續(xù)，連貫particle粒子，微粒proportional成比例的Equilibrium平衡unitarea單位面積imaginarysection假定的截面Tensilestress拉應(yīng)力Compressivestress壓應(yīng)力Shearingstress剪應(yīng)力Bendingstress彎曲應(yīng)力Axial軸的；軸向的Strain應(yīng)變Poisson'sratio泊松比lateral側(cè)面的，橫向的lateralstrain橫向應(yīng)變axialstrain軸向應(yīng)變ductile易延展的，延性的，易變形的Rubber橡膠Wroughtiron熟鐵elastic彈性的，有彈性的Brick磚塊Glass玻璃Carryprescribedloads滿足規(guī)定荷載aesthetically審美的，美學(xué)觀點(diǎn)的economicallypractical經(jīng)濟(jì)上可行environmentallyfriendly環(huán)境友好Standard標(biāo)準(zhǔn)，規(guī)格application應(yīng)用，用途，應(yīng)用程序inspection檢查，視察Denotation指示chapt2Aggregates序號(hào)英文單詞漢語釋義認(rèn)識(shí)填1不認(rèn)識(shí)填0plaster灰泥grout水泥漿filterbed過濾層railroadballast鐵路道碴basecourse基層foundationfill填方地基subgrade路基Crushedstone碎石blast-furnace鼓風(fēng)爐slag爐渣；礦渣；熔渣Fineaggregate細(xì)集料Coarseaggregate粗集料diameter直徑Lightweightaggregate輕骨料Normal-weightaggregate常重骨料Heavyweightaggregate重骨料Bulkdensity容積密度、堆積密度masonry磚石建筑、圬工Pumice浮石Scoria礦渣Tuff凝灰?guī)rexpandedshale膨脹頁巖，脹性頁巖expandedclay膨脹土expandedSlate脹性板巖Flyash粉煤灰sub-base底基層Gradation級(jí)配Fineness細(xì)度，純度；細(xì)微；優(yōu)雅Finenessmodulus細(xì)度模量Modulusofelasticity彈性模量，彈性模數(shù)distilledwater蒸餾水Ovendry烘干，干燥Airdry風(fēng)干，自然干燥Saturate浸透的，飽和的；vt,浸透，使?jié)裢?；使飽和，使充滿Saturatedsurfacedry飽和面干，表干Wetreference參考Effectiveabsorption有效吸收surfacemoisture表面含水量versus對(duì)；與...相對(duì)；對(duì)抗Formula公式Bulkspecificgravity毛體積比重permeablepores開口孔隙impermeable閉口孔隙Apparentspecificgravity表觀比重Porosity孔隙率Bulkdensity堆積密度Loosedensity松散密度Dense-gradedaggregate密級(jí)配集料Open-gradedaggregate開級(jí)配集料Sieve篩子SieveAnalysis篩分Singleremainder分計(jì)篩余Accumulativeremainder累計(jì)篩余Passingpercentage通過百分率Coarsesand粗砂Mediansand中砂Finesand細(xì)砂Uniaxialcompressionstrength單車由抗壓強(qiáng)度Aggregatecrushingvalue壓碎值A(chǔ)brasionvalue磨耗值LosAngelesAbrasionTest洛杉磯磨耗試驗(yàn)scrap刮wear穿著，磨損，耐久性；磨耗friction摩擦Continuousgradation連續(xù)級(jí)配Gapgradation間斷級(jí)配Gradingcurve級(jí)配曲線Theoryofmaximumdensitycurve最大密度曲線理論Theoryofparticleinterference粒子干涉理論mathematically數(shù)學(xué)上的abscissa橫坐標(biāo)ordinate縱坐標(biāo)gradationregion級(jí)配圍Mixdesignofaggregate礦質(zhì)混合料的組成設(shè)計(jì)Graphical圖解的coordinate”坐標(biāo)；同等的人或物；并列的；同等的"Overlap重疊adjacent鄰近的Conterminous相接的，連接的Deviation分離Trialanderrormethod試算法diagonal對(duì)角線compositive合成chapt3LimeandCement序號(hào)英文單詞漢語釋義Lime石灰agent藥劑Inorganicbindingagent無機(jī)膠凝材料Nonhydraulicbindingagent非水硬性膠凝材料air-hardeningbindingagent氣硬性膠凝材料transform改變，轉(zhuǎn)化Roadsub-base道路底基層Limestabilizedsoil石灰穩(wěn)定土Limeandcementstabilizedsoil石灰水泥穩(wěn)定土Limeandflyashstabilizedsoil石灰粉煤灰穩(wěn)定土Roadbase基層Limeandflyashstabilizedaggregates石灰粉煤灰穩(wěn)定碎石，二灰碎石Limeandcementstabilizedaggregates石灰水泥穩(wěn)定碎石Limemortar石灰砂漿Manufacturetechnics生產(chǎn)工藝Raw未加工的，生的Rawmaterials原材料Limestone石灰石dolomite白云石chalkstone方解石Hydratedlime熟石灰clump塊powder粉末ingredient成分Chemicalingredient化學(xué)成分Drylyhardenedprocess干燥硬化Carbonizedhardenedprocess碳化Purity純度equivalent相等的，等效的；當(dāng)量Calciumcarbonateequivalent碳酸鈣當(dāng)量，CCElaboratory試驗(yàn)室Drysieveanalysis干砂篩析Effectivecontentof(CaO+MgO)有效氧化鈣氧化鎂含量Contentofresidue未消化殘?jiān)縭esidue殘?jiān)?，剩余，濾渣PortlandCement波特蘭水泥Calcium鈣Silica硅Alumina鋁Iron鐵slurry泥漿，懸浮液flashfurnace閃速爐gypsum石膏Grinding磨的，刺耳的，令人難以忍受的micron微米3CaO-SiO2碳酸三鈣2CaO-SiO2硅酸二鈣3CaO-Al2O3鋁酸三鈣4CaO-Al2O3?Fe2O3鐵鋁酸四鈣Clinker熟料Setting凝結(jié)Hardening硬化Specificsurface比表面積Hydration水化Consistency稠度Vicatapparatus自動(dòng)水泥維卡儀apparatus設(shè)備，儀器Initialset初凝Finalset終凝sustain維持Settingtime凝結(jié)時(shí)間Hardening硬化Initialsettime初凝時(shí)間Finalsettime終凝時(shí)間chapt4ConcreteandMortar序號(hào)英文單詞漢語釋義freshconcrete新拌水泥混凝土Mixing拌合Placing澆筑Curing養(yǎng)護(hù)PortlandCementConcretePCC，波特蘭水泥混凝土moist潮濕plastic可塑consistency稠度Volumetric體積的proportion比例constituent成分cementpaste水泥漿apparentdensity表觀密度Workability工作性，和易性Segregation離析Bleeding泌水Slump坍落度Mobility流動(dòng)性Compatibility相容性，保水性cone圓錐體、圓錐procedure程序手段Strike撞擊excess超過，多余displacement移位originalcenter原始中心，初始中心specimen樣本uniformly一致地plasticity可塑性cohesion黏合性Collapse倒塌Massconcrete大塊混凝土、無鋼筋混凝土Water-to-Cementratio水灰比Admixtures外加劑、摻和劑Water-reducingadmixture減水劑air-entrainingadmixture弓［氣劑windspeed風(fēng)速Temperature溫度humidity濕度Nonhomogeneity不均勻性Excessive過度的Rockpocket/honeycomb蜂窩Sandstreaks砂條紋，起砂Crazing龜裂Surfacescaling表面剝落vibration振動(dòng)vertically垂直的lean傾斜48premature未成熟的，不成熟的；比預(yù)期早的49Air-content氣含量50horizontal水平51Consolidate鞏固、加強(qiáng)、強(qiáng)化52adequately充分的、充足的53Trim修剪；整理；裝點(diǎn)；修剪；整齊；情形DepositingConcrete攤鋪混凝土perimeter周長"Baffle”擋板Shallowhopper淺料斗headroom凈空equivalent等價(jià)物、等價(jià)的slipformpaver滑膜攤鋪機(jī)dumptrucks自卸車evenly均勻的Curb/CurbandGutter路緣石、排水溝hopper料斗，漏斗Reinforced加筋的coldjoint冷接penetration滲透、穿入、洞察力rigid硬化systematic系統(tǒng)的interval間隔Subsidence下沉、陷落Screeding刮平Floating抹平Troweling抹光Tining拉毛slight脆弱的、輕視、輕微的imperfections不完美、瑕疵hump隆起Age齡期adequate充足的neglect疏忽，忽視；忽略Watertightness防水、不透水性、水密性Abrasion磨損、磨耗Abrasionresistance耐磨性Freeze-thaw凍融Freeze-thawresistance耐凍融性Volumestability體積穩(wěn)定性Spray噴涂；噴霧；噴灑fogging霧化Saturatedwetcoverings飽水覆蓋物Evaporation蒸發(fā)Plasticsheets塑料薄膜Livesteam流通的蒸汽Heatingcoils加熱線圈Electricallyheatedformsorpads電加熱格框或板Deformation變形Shrinkage收縮、降低Creep徐變；蠕變爬行Durability耐久性impermeability不滲透性Compressivestrength抗壓強(qiáng)度Tensilestrength抗拉強(qiáng)度Flexuralstrength彎曲強(qiáng)度resist抵抗，忍受corrosive腐蝕的substance物質(zhì)、主旨usability可用性appearance外觀，外貌inshort總而言之a(chǎn)nti-permeability抗?jié)B性Frostresistance抗凍性anti-corrosion防腐蝕anti-carbonate抗碳化性anti-abrasion耐磨耗resistancetoalkali-aggregatereaction抗堿集料反應(yīng)alkali-aggregatereaction堿集料反應(yīng)Deteriorate惡化destruction破壞previously以前、預(yù)先budget預(yù)算Guaranteeing擔(dān)保、保證chapt5BituminousMaterials序號(hào)英文單詞漢語釋義Petroleum石油Sprayapplications噴射技術(shù)噴灑技術(shù)viscous黏性的粘的cementitious膠結(jié)的hydrocarbons烴，碳?xì)浠衔飐oluble可溶的，可溶解的disulfide二硫化物Nonvolatile非易失性的；非揮發(fā)性的Nontoxic無毒的possess控制，持有、具有adhere黏合impermeability不滲透性13waterresistance不透水性55limestone石灰?guī)r14roadwayspavements道路鋪面56Native天然的，本土的，與生俱來的15roofing屋頂、蓋屋頂57lakeasphalts湖瀝青16felt粘結(jié)58Trinidad特立尼達(dá)島17caulking堵縫、壓緊、嵌縫的59WestIndies西印度群島18waterproofing防水、防水劑60silt淤泥，泥沙19wallboard墻板、壁板61clay黏土20buildingpaper建筑用紙、防潮紙62organic有機(jī)的21paints繪畫顏料、繪畫作品、油漆、63Venezuela委瑞拉涂膜劑64Bermudez貝穆德斯22coating涂料，涂層65Asphaltcements瀝青膏，瀝青膠結(jié)23below-grade低于一般標(biāo)準(zhǔn)的料，瀝青膠泥24Tar焦油；柏油66Cutbackasphalts稀釋瀝青25pitch熱解瀝青，瀝青67Emulsifiedasphalts乳化瀝青26distillation蒸餾、凈化68Air-blownasphalts氧化瀝青27coal煤炭69flexiblepavement柔性路面28undergo經(jīng)歷、忍受70insulation絕緣、隔離、孤立29destructive破壞的，毀滅的71canallining渠道襯砌30distillation干餾72subgrade路基31condensate冷凝物、濃縮物73migration遷移，移動(dòng)32processing力口工、處理74sticky粘的，粘性的33yield出產(chǎn)、產(chǎn)量、收益75quality質(zhì)量；品質(zhì)；特性；才能34residue殘?jiān)⑹Ｓ?6consistency稠度35vaporize蒸發(fā)77manufacture制造36refine精煉，提純，改善78separation分離37oven爐，灶，烤箱79crude原油、天然的38bereducedto分解為、簡化為、還原為、80solvent溶劑減小為81diluent稀釋劑、沖淡劑39Tarpitches焦油瀝青82Slow-curing慢凝40built-up組合、拼合83Medium-curing中凝41waterproofing防水84Rapid-curing快凝42underground地下85volatility揮發(fā)性、易變、活潑43retainingwall擋土墻86viscosity粘度44dam大項(xiàng)87dieseloil柴油45experience經(jīng)歷、體驗(yàn)88coldlaidpavementbases冷鋪路面46fluctuation波動(dòng)、起伏基層47withstand抵抗、反抗89kerosene煤油48brittle易碎的，脆弱的90diluent稀釋，稀釋劑49cementitious膠結(jié)的91plantmixed廠拌50predominant主要的，卓越的92mixedinplace路拌51constituent成分93naphtha揮發(fā)油52deposit沉淀；使沉積；存放94gasoline汽油53Naturalrockasphalts自然石瀝青95emulsifyingagent乳化劑54sandston。砂巖96Soap肥皂water-solublechemicals水溶的化學(xué)物質(zhì)fineclay細(xì)黏土damp潮濕的excess額外的drain排水，消耗eliminate消除排除elimination消除，淘汰distillates石油蒸餾物pollution污染suspend懸浮、推遲susceptible易得病的、易受影響的bewashedoff洗凈emulsion乳劑contamination污染、玷污oxidizedasphalt氧化瀝青Ductile可塑性、柔軟的；易教導(dǎo)的；易延展的jointfillers填縫料mineralrubber礦物膠、礦物橡膠Adhesion粘附；支持；固守；粘附性Rateofcuring凝結(jié)速率Ductility延度Agingandhardening老化及硬化Resistancetoreactionwithwater抗水反應(yīng)性水敏感性Temperaturesusceptibility感溫性Rutting車轍fatiguecracking疲勞開裂fluidity流動(dòng)性、易變性particular詳細(xì)說明，詳細(xì)的，獨(dú)有的，特定Viscosity粘度，黏滯性Penetration針入度；滲透、突破，浸入Viscosityofasphalt瀝青粘度linearly成直線的，在線上的viscoelastic粘彈性的resistance阻力measurement測量、尺度Absoluteviscosity絕對(duì)黏度，動(dòng)力粘度Kinematicviscosity運(yùn)動(dòng)粘度constant常數(shù)fluctuate波動(dòng)、漲落、動(dòng)搖coefficient系數(shù)、率rateofshear剪切速度Capillarytubeviscometer毛細(xì)管黏度計(jì)Vacuumcapillarytubeviscometer真空減壓毛細(xì)管粘度計(jì)Vacuum真空truncate縮短的，平頭的，切去頂端的，使成平面sewing縫紉的Melt融化SofteningPoint軟化點(diǎn)Volatilization蒸發(fā)，揮發(fā)mixdesign混合料設(shè)計(jì)workmanship工