Argumentative essays 英語議論文寫作

AnArgumentativeEssay

Howto...2021/5/91

BeforeWriting...Brainstormideasonthesubject.Identifythemaintopics.Usethesetopicsasheadingsfororganisingyournotes.Decidewhichsideyouareoni.e.whichargumentsaremostconvincing.

Makesureyouchoosethesidethatyoucanfullysupport.Planandwriteanoutlineforyouressaynotingdowntheinformationyouwillincludeineachparagraph.2021/5/92ExampleOutlineThesisStatement:Becauseofitscost,riskandalternatives,thebuildingofnuclearreactorsshouldnotcontinue.TopicSentence1:

Thefirstproblemwithnuclearreactorsistheircost.TopicSentence2:

Anotherproblemistheseriousconsequencesofaccidents.Refutation:

Somepeoplemightclaimthatthereisnorealalternativetonuclearpower.ConcludingStatement:

Inshort,althoughnuclearpowerisanattractiveoption,ithastoomanydisadvantages.2021/5/93

IntroductoryParagraph

Yourintroductionshould:IntroducethetopicwithageneralstatementStatewhyitisimportantStatethereisadifferenceofopinionaboutthistopicThesisstatementmuststatewhatYOURclaimisandcanincludethe“parts”oftheargumentyouaregoingtostate.2021/5/94ExampleIntroductoryParagraph

Therehasbeenmuchdiscussionabouttheuseofnuclearpowereversincethefirstreactorwasbuilt.

Peoplewhosupportnuclearpowerthinkthatitprovidesacheapandeffectivemeansofsupplyingenergyneeds.However,inrealityitisnotcheapatallandthedangersarewell-knownaftertheaccidentsatChernobylandThreeMileIsland.Thefactisthatnuclearpowerisatried,testedandfailedtechnology.Becauseofitscost,riskandalternatives,thebuildingofnuclearreactorsshouldnotcontinue.2021/5/95BodyParagraphsArgumentsfor:Thereasons“parts”ofyourthesisstatementwillbeinyourbodyparagraphs.

Giveclearargumentsforyourclaimwithsupport(examples,statistics,explanations,etc.)Usetransitionwordsasyoumovefromparagraphtoparagraph(Firstly,secondly,furthermore,inaddition,moreover,

finally).Youcanalsouseanyofthetransitionsfromtheotheressaytypesaslongastheyareappropriateforyourargument.(Youmaywanttocompare/contrastthings,givereasons/results,descriptions,definitionsetc.)2021/5/96RefutationParagraphThisisalsousedtosupportyourclaim.Usethecounterargumentstoshowthatyourideaisthestrongerone.

Donotfocusonlyontheopposingideas.2021/5/97

Usefulwordsandphrases

Whenyoucanthinkoftheopposingopinionbutyouhavenotseenitwrittenanywhere: couldbeclaimedIt maybeassertedthat...However, mightbeargued2021/5/98Usefulwordsandphrasescontd.

Whenyouhaveseentheopposingopinionwritteninanothertext: claimedIthasbeenassertedthat...However, argued2021/5/99ExampleRefutation

Somepeoplemightclaimthatthereisnorealalternativetoanewgenerationofnuclearreactors.

However,combinedheatandpowerunits,whichgenerateelectricity,arealreadyeconomicalforlargehousesorblocksofflatsandsmallerunitswillbeonthemarketnextyear.

Localgenerationofelectricityeliminatestheenormouslossesofwastedheatinelectricitygenerationbyfossilfuelsornuclearreactors.

Windturbinesandsolarcellsontheroofcanalsoprovidehomesolutionsandwillbecomemoreeconomicalascostscomedownwithmassproduction.2021/5/910Concludingparagraph

Yourconclusionshould:RestatethemainclaimPresentoneortwogeneralsentenceswhichaccuratelysummariseyourargumentswhichsupportthemainpremiseProvideageneralwarningoftheconsequencesofnotfollowingthepremisethatyouputforwardand/orageneralstatementofhowthecommunitywillbenefitfromfollowingthatpremise