shareholders remedies做題時只需選1或2若不確定則12都寫34一句話帶過還可用

CH-17Shareholders4個1)oppressiveorunfairstatutoryderivativeactiononbehalfofthecoy:windinguporderstatutoryinjunction做題時只需選（1）或（2），若不確定則1，2都寫，3，4只需一句話帶過。還可用:s461或s1324UnderCorporationsAct,directorsownthedutytocoy.Applytothefactofthecase,directorbreachedhisduty,but donotwanttotakeactionagainsthim.Thenmemberscanseekremediesunders232orstatutoryderivativeactiononbehalfofcoyunders236(1).Oppressive/unfairconduct:s232S232provideremedytomembersiftheconductofthecoy:1)contrarytotheinterestofthemembersasawhole;or2)oppressive,unfairlyprejudicialto,orunfairlydiscriminatoryagainst,amemberofIssueone:canxxapplys232totaketheS234setoutamemberorapastmemberiftheapplicationrelatestothecircumstancesinwhichtheyceasedtobeamember(ifthereasonyoucominingisthatwhyyouremovedfromregisteredshareholder).Amembercanapplyfors232remedyevenifhewasnotaffectedbytheoppressiveorunfairconductofthecoy(ReSpargosMiningNL).Sounders234wecanconcludethatxxcantakeactionunders232IssueTwo:IsthisthetypeofbehaviorforwhichtheremedyisTheaffairsofabodycorporatearedefinedins53inextremelybroadtermsandbriefly,wecanconcludethatanythingtodowiththecoyiscoy’saffairs.Isolated thesingleresolutionoftheboardofdirectorscouldbeanoppressiveorunfairactbehalfofthecoy.WaydevNSWRugbyProposedactions-------Unders232(b),anapplicantmayalsoobtainaremedywheretheactismerelyproposedandhasnotyetoccurred unders232(b),thereisanomissionwherecoyrefusedtodosthshareholderswantwhereacoywithsufficientprofitspersistentlyrefusestopaydividendsSanfordvSanfordCourierServicearefusalbythedirectorstoregisteratransferofsharesReSmithandFawcett抄：Ageneralruletojudgewhethertheconductofcoyisoppressiveorunfairornot,namelyreasonabledirectortest,statesthatadirector'sconductmayberegardedasoppressiveorunfairifnoreasonabledirectorwouldhaveactedinthatway(applyinWaydevNSWRugbyLeaguecase)Inadditiontogeneralrulewealsoconsidertwootherelementstojudgecoy’sconductBalancingInterests:indeterminingwhetherornotconductisoppressiveorunfairacourtmustbalancetheinginterestsofmajorityandminorityshareholders.Itisachievedbyexaminingthebackgroundofacoyandthereasonableexpectationofitsshareholders.---ReSpargosMiningNLDisgruntledshareholders:itisnotnecessarilyunfairifthemajorityshareholdersrefusetobuytheminority'sshares---ReGJeffrey(MensStore)Pty各種情況：（meaningofoppressive/divisionofcorporateopportunityforthemselvesorassociates:CookvDeeks,theconductofcoy’saffairisoppressiveorunfairagainstminorityshareholders,andminorityshareholderscanseekremediesunders232divisionofprofits:Applythefactsonxxxcase,themajorityactoppressivelyorunfairlywhereminorityshareholdersareexcludedfrombeingdirectorsandasignificantproportionoftheprofitsarepaidintheformofhighdirectors'feesandlowdividendstoshareholders,minorityshareholderscanseekremediesunders232-----SanfordvSanfordCourierService(完全沒分dividends---divertingbusinessawayfromthecoyandpayhighsalariesbutrefusetopaydividends)----ShamsallahHoldings:profitincrease,dividendnotincreaseaccordinglybutbonusandsalaryincreaseallthetime.---Morganv45FlersAvenue(反例，分了一些dividendsthecourtheldthatthemerefacttopaylowdividendwasnotnecessarilyanindicationofunfairness。further,adecisionbythedirectorstopaythemselveslargebonusesandfeeswasnotoppressiveorunfairifthecoy'sprofitabilityhadincreasedsignificantlybecauseoftheirenterprise)Exclusionfrommanagement:IfCorunafamilybusinessitmaybeoppressiveorunfairparticularfamilymemberfromthe ’smanagement.FexutoPtyvBosnjakHoldingsPtyDirectors’failuretoactininterestofcoy(ofinterest):--MIcanapplyforremedyunders232ifthedirectorbreachedhisdutytoavoidofinterestandpreventedcoyfromsuinghim:ReSparegosMiningNLSharesissuedforanimproperpurpose:Directors,asmajorityshareholders,ratifytheirimproperactionsonshareissue.Suchactionwasoppressiveorunfairandminorityshareholderscanseekremediesunders232:HannesvMJH(ReDalkeithInvestmentsPty:dilutingsomeother'ssharesisissuingsharesforimproperpurpose)(1.courtcanordertochangecoy’sconsti.ToremoveD’sabsolutecontroloverthevoting;2.Dcannotratifyhisownbreachofduty,onlyratifiedbydisinterestedSHs)IssueThree:whatremediesareavailableunderXxwhoiscoveredunders232canapplyforthecourtorderunderUsually,courtordersoppressorbuyoppresee’ssharesatfairvalue:s233(1)(d)Inaddition,membercanalsoapplytocourtfororderofwoundup[s233(1)(a)];alterconstitution[s233(1)(b)];ordercoysued[s233(1)(f)&(1)(g)];injunctiontodo/nottodo[s233(1)(i)&(1)(j)](具體見p624)StatutoryderivativeactionPt2F.1A—s statutoryderivativeactionisseparatefroms232,andshareholdercanchooseoneoranotherbutcouldnotchoosebothofthem.S236enablemembersandofficerstobringproceedingsonbehalfofthecoywherethecoyisunwillingorunabletodosoitself.IssueOne:Canxxbringthisunders236,the smaybringproceedingsonbehalfofacoy:(具體見membersorformermembersormembersofrelatedbodypresentorformerdirectorsandofficersoftheTherefore,underthecircumstanceofthecase,xxcantakeactiononbehalfoftheMoreover,unders236(1)(b),the whowantstobringproceedingsmustobtainleavefromthecourtbeforecommencingaproceedingonbehalfofacoyorinterveninginproceedingstowhichthecoyisapartyIssueTwo:doseapplicationforleavesatisfyallcriteriaunderThecourtmustgrantanapplicationforleaveifitissatisfiedthateachofthefollowingrequirementsunders237(2)aremet:(以下五點都必須滿足） CharltonvBaberitisprobablethatthecoywillnotitselfbringtheproceedings--(Applytothefactsofthecase,shareholdersputresolutionaboutinstitutingaproceedingonAGM,butresolutiondidn'tpass.Itindicatesthatcoywillnotitselftakeaction）theapplicantisactingingoodfaith--(apply:xxshowsthattheyhonestlybelievedthatacauseofactionexistsandhasreasonableprospectsofitisinthebestinterestofthecoythatapplicantbegrantedleave--thereisaseriousquestiontobetried--(toshowthatthereisatleastaprobabilitythatthelegalproceedingsinthenameofcoywilltheapplicantgavenoticetothecoyatleast14daysbeforemakingapplicationtoapplyforleaveoritisappropriatewithoutnotice-s237(2)(e)IssueThree:DoseratificationmakeeffecttopreventbringingproceedingsagainstIfdirectordosenotcontrolshareholders,thecourtwouldrecognizeratificationisvalid,thereforewillnotgrantleaves239(1)providethatratificationdosenotpreventa frombringingproceedingsonbehalfofthecoyorapplyingforleavetodoso.Butunders239(2)thecourtmaytakeratificationintoaccountindecidingwhatultimateorderitshouldmakeIfdirectorcontrolshareholders’meeting,courtwouldignoreratification,andgrantleaveallowingminorityshareholderstotakeactionsagainstthedirectorsonbehalfofthecoy.S242coypayalllegalActually,factsaresatisfiedwithbothoppressiveremediesandStatutoryDerivationAct,whichoneyouchoosedependedonwhatremediesyouwouldlike.Unders232,remedygoestoshareholders,butunderSDA,remedygoestothe (anactiontoenrightofacoy)Inadditiontos232andstatutoryderivativeaction,thecourtcanorderaninjunctiontorestrainsb’scontraventionsoftheCA,orthecourtcanorder todoanyactorthingunders1324.firstly,canprovethattheactofdirectorshascontravenedtheCA.Secondly,asamemberwhoseinterestaffectedbytheactofthedirectorsgobeyondthemereinterestsofmembersofthepublic.（IssueOne:IsthereacontraventionofCorporationstheconductthatisregardedascriminaloffenceunderbreachoftheCAthatisnotacriminaloffence,suchass256contraventionofasectionofCAthatisdesignatedcivilpenalty注：Except---s1324dosenotapplytoconductthatmerelycontravenesaprovisioninacoy'sconstitutionorrr.So,wecanconcludethatxxhascontravenedtheIssueTwo:whocanapplyforstatutoryinjunctionundersOnlyASICora whoseinterestshavebeenaffectedbytheconductcanapplytothecourtforans1324injunctionShareholders:BHPCovBellCreditors:AirpeakPtyvJetstreamApplytofactsontheBHPcase,courtrequirethattheapplicantmustestablishthattheirinterestsgobeyondthemereinterestsofmembersofthepublic.Butneednotprovethatshareholderssufferedanyspecialinjuryarisingfromthecontravention,andneednotshowcontraventionaffectshareholderscapacityasmembersAcontraventionoftheCAistakentoaffecttheinterestsofacreditorormemberofacoyif:滿足以下兩點中的一點：(seep489)theinsolvencyofthecoyisanelementofthecontraventionthecoycontravenesthesharebuy-back,financialassistanceorsharecapitalreductionprovisionscontainedinss257A,260Aand256B,respectively-s1324(1A)Windingup(courtwillnotmakeawindinguporderunders461eifsomeotheravailableremedy)Directoractintheirowninterests Unders461ethecourtmaywindupa ifdirectorshaveactedintheirowninterestsratherthanintheinterestsofthemembersasawhole,orinanyoth