定語(yǔ)從句grammar(共45張)

Grammar定語(yǔ)從句AttributiveClause定語(yǔ)從句復(fù)合句=主句+定語(yǔ)從句一個(gè)主謂結(jié)構(gòu)是句子的主要部分（主句）另一個(gè)或一個(gè)以上的主謂結(jié)構(gòu)只在句子中作某個(gè)成分（定語(yǔ)）Thestudents

(who

donotstudyhard)willnotpasstheexam.主句主語(yǔ)/先行詞主句謂語(yǔ)結(jié)構(gòu)從句主語(yǔ)/關(guān)系代詞從句謂語(yǔ)結(jié)構(gòu)限制性定語(yǔ)從句的構(gòu)成/注意事項(xiàng)關(guān)系代詞:that,which,who,whom,whose關(guān)系副詞:when,where,why注意事項(xiàng):1.從句的位置:2.翻譯方法:3.構(gòu)成：4.從句位置：先行詞之后“….的”關(guān)系詞定語(yǔ)從句限制性定語(yǔ)從句非限制性定語(yǔ)從句Youmustdoeverything

thatIdo.Ihavefoundthebook

whichIlost.

Themanwholivesnexttoussellsvegetables.Thegirl

whomItalkedtojustnowisthewinner.Thereisahouse

whosewindowsfacesouth.從關(guān)系代詞起，到后面的第二個(gè)謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞之前。{Thewoman_________________

isateacher.1.Thewomanisateacher.2.Thewomanlivesnextdoor.wholivesnextdoor試把以下兩個(gè)句子用定語(yǔ)從句合并成一個(gè)句子：{Thestudents_________________

willnotpasstheexam.1.Thestudentsdonotstudyhard.2.Thestudentwillnotpasstheexam.whodonotstudyhard試把以下兩個(gè)句子用定語(yǔ)從句合并成一個(gè)句子：指人指物主語(yǔ)賓語(yǔ)that

whichwhowhom√√√√√√√√√√√√×

×

×

×

關(guān)系代詞在從句中的成分：何時(shí)可以省略？做賓語(yǔ)時(shí)可以省略whose√√做定語(yǔ)，后加名詞關(guān)系代詞的用法Jointhefollowingsentences:Aplaneisamachine.Themachinecanfly.先行詞和關(guān)系詞的關(guān)系Jointhefollowingsentences:Aplaneisamachine.Themachinecanfly.Aplaneiscanfly.關(guān)系代詞的實(shí)質(zhì)themachineamachineJointhefollowingsentences:Aplaneisamachine.Themachinecanfly.Aplaneiscanfly.關(guān)系代詞的實(shí)質(zhì)amachinethat/which關(guān)系代詞的實(shí)質(zhì)Jointhefollowingsentences:ThegirlisMary.Wesawheryesterday.

關(guān)系代詞的實(shí)質(zhì)Jointhefollowingsentences:ThegirlisMary.Wesawheryesterday.wesawyesterdayisMary.herThegirl關(guān)系代詞的實(shí)質(zhì)Jointhefollowingsentences:ThegirlisMary.Wesawheryesterday.wesawyesterdayisMary.herThegirl關(guān)系代詞的實(shí)質(zhì)Jointhefollowingsentences:ThegirlisMary.Wesawheryesterday.wesawyesterdayisMary.herThegirl關(guān)系代詞的實(shí)質(zhì)Jointhefollowingsentences:ThegirlisMary.Wesawheryesterday.wesawyesterdayisMary.herThegirl關(guān)系代詞的實(shí)質(zhì)Jointhefollowingsentences:ThegirlisMary.Wesawheryesterday.wesawyesterdayisMary.herThegirl關(guān)系代詞的實(shí)質(zhì)Jointhefollowingsentences:ThegirlisMary.Wesawheryesterday.wesawyesterdayisMary.herThegirl關(guān)系代詞的實(shí)質(zhì)Jointhefollowingsentences:ThegirlisMary.Wesawheryesterday.Thegirlthat/whowesawyesterdayisMary.先行詞和關(guān)系詞的關(guān)系A(chǔ)planeisamachine/__________canfly/.

Theboy/______brokethewindow/iscalledTom.Theboy/______parentsaredead/wasbroughtupbyhisgrandfather.amachine=that/whichtheboy

=who/thattheboy’s

=whose關(guān)系代詞實(shí)際上是先行詞的復(fù)指關(guān)系詞whose實(shí)際上是先行詞的所有格that/whichwho/thatwhose關(guān)系代詞的用法練習(xí)1.Theeggswerenotfresh.Iboughtthemyesterday.2.Thefriendwasnothungry.Hecametosupperlastnight.3.Heprefersthecheese.Itcomesfromhisparent’sfarm.

4.Thenoodlesweredelicious.Youcookedthem.

5.Idon’tlikethepeople.Theysmokealot.

Theeggs_________Iboughtthemwerenotfresh.

Thefriend________hecametosupperlastnightwas----..Heprefersthecheese__________itcomesfromhis----.Thenoodles____________youcookedthemweredelicious.Idon’tlikethepeople_________theysmokealot.(that/which)who/thatthat/which(which/that)that/who1:先行詞是everything,nothing,anything,something,much,little,none等不定代詞或由不定代詞any,some,no,much,few,little,every,all等修飾時(shí),引導(dǎo)定語(yǔ)從句用that不用

which。2：先行詞被形容詞最高級(jí)或序數(shù)詞修飾且指物時(shí),

引導(dǎo)定語(yǔ)從句用that。3:先行詞中既有人又有事物時(shí)，引導(dǎo)定語(yǔ)從句用

that。4:先行詞被thevery,theonly等修飾且指物時(shí),引導(dǎo)定語(yǔ)從句用that。指物，介詞后。2.用于非限制定語(yǔ)從句中只使用that應(yīng)遵循的規(guī)則只使用which應(yīng)遵循的規(guī)則1.Hedidall/everything_______hecouldtohelpme.2.Thisisthevery

thing_______Iamafter.3.Wetalkedaboutthemenandthethings_______werememberedatschool.4.Heistheonlyman_______candothework.5.Thisisthefirstthing_______Iwanttosay.6.Heisthefinestman_______Ihaveeverworkedwith.7.Whoistheman_______spoketoyouatthegate.8.Whichisthestar_______isnearesttotheearth.that,whichorwho?thatthatthatthatthatthatthatthatthat,which,whose,whomorwho?9.Isthereanythingelse_______

youwanttosay?10.Anyperson_______

hasthemoneycanjointhegroup.11.Heoftenspeakstheroleheplayedintheplay,_______

madeothersupset.14.Theboy_______

motherisdeadwasbroughtupbyhisfather.thatthatwhichwhose關(guān)系副詞的用法關(guān)系副詞指代在從句中的作用when(=at/in/on/during/…which)

where(=in/at/…which)why(=forwhich)

時(shí)間時(shí)間狀語(yǔ)地點(diǎn)地點(diǎn)狀語(yǔ)原因原因狀語(yǔ)關(guān)系副詞引導(dǎo)定語(yǔ)從句時(shí)，既引導(dǎo)定語(yǔ)從句，又在定語(yǔ)從句中充當(dāng)狀語(yǔ)。關(guān)系副詞和先行詞的關(guān)系Istillremembertheday

whenIcamehere.

Thisisthehouse

whereIlivedlastyear.

Therearemanyreasons

why

peopleliketraveling.

ontheday=wheninthehouse=whereforthereasons=why小結(jié)：關(guān)系副詞實(shí)際上是介詞＋先行詞介詞+關(guān)系代詞的情況1Themanwhomyouspokewasascientist.Thecitywhichshelivesisfaraway.toin小結(jié)：介詞可以在定語(yǔ)從句中也可以提到關(guān)系代詞前介詞+關(guān)系代詞的情況2Themanwho/whomyouspokewasascientist.Thecitythat/whichshelivesisfaraway.toinArethesetwosentencesright?介詞+關(guān)系代詞的情況3Themanwho/whomyouspokewasascientist.Thecitythat/whichshelivesisfaraway.toinArethesetwosentencesright?介詞+關(guān)系代詞的情況3Themanwho/whomyouspokewasascientist.Thecitythat/whichshelivesisfaraway.toinArethesetwosentencesright?介詞+關(guān)系代詞的情況3Themanwho/whomyouspokewasascientist.Thecitythat/whichshelivesisfaraway.toinArethesetwosentencesright?介詞+關(guān)系代詞的情況3Themanwho/whomyouspokewasascientist.Thecitythat/whichshelivesisfaraway.toin×

×

Arethesetwosentencesright?小結(jié)：可見,who、that不能用與介詞之后介詞+關(guān)系代詞指人whom指物which如何判定用關(guān)系代詞還是用關(guān)系副詞Yesterdaywewenttovisitthehouse______(thegreatwriterusedtolive)._______whereinwhichinwhich=inthehouse介詞短語(yǔ)作狀語(yǔ)Thehouse______(theybuiltin1987)stayedupintheearthquake.______whichthat/Luckilynoneofthepeople_____(Iknow)werekilledintheearthquake._____whowhomthat/Myfatherwasbornintheyear______(theSecondWorldWarbrokeout)._________________________wheninwhichinwhich=intheyear介詞短語(yǔ)作狀語(yǔ)Exercise用where,which,when,whose填空1）Dorothyalwaysspokehighlyofherroleintheplay，ofcourse,_____madetheothersunhappy.2)Ishallneverforgetthedays________Ilivedinthecountrywithmyparents.3)Thefactory________hisbrotherworksliesinthesouthofthecity.4)Theytookcareoftheoldman________sonlosthislifeinthefire.whichwhenwherewhose用適當(dāng)?shù)慕樵~補(bǔ)充完整下列定語(yǔ)從句。1.Idisagreewiththefacts______whichyourargumentisbased.2.Thesong,______whichhewasinterested,willneverbeheardagain.3.Thisisthereason______whichheoftencomestoschoollate.4.Iwillneverforgettheway______whichmyteachertaughtme.5.Thisisthehero______whomweareproud.on

in

forinof6.Iwanttofindtheverypen______whichIwrotethatletter.7.Theyarethestudents______whomourteachersarethinkinghighly.8.Itisimportanttochoosegoodfriends______whomyoucanshareyourfeelingsandthoughts.9.Itwillnotbenecessarytonametheperson______whomthecardbelongs.10.Iwouldalwaysliketodobusinesswiththosepeople________whomIcanrely.withof

withtoon/upon(1)定語(yǔ)從句：在復(fù)合句中作定語(yǔ)修飾主句中某一名詞或代詞的從句叫定語(yǔ)從句。(2)先行詞：被定語(yǔ)從句修飾的詞，叫做先行詞。(3)關(guān)系詞：引導(dǎo)定語(yǔ)從句的詞叫做關(guān)系詞。關(guān)系詞分為關(guān)系代詞(that，which，who，whom，whose，as等)和關(guān)系副詞(when，where，why等)兩類。關(guān)系詞通常有三個(gè)作用：①連接主從句；②指代先行詞；③在定語(yǔ)從句中充當(dāng)一個(gè)句子成分。Summing-up介詞+whomwhichTipsthatwho×關(guān)系副詞(when,where,why)=介詞+關(guān)系代詞介詞+關(guān)系代詞=關(guān)系副詞×Summingup1.I’llneverforgetthedays______________weworkedtogether.2.I’llneverforgetthedays___________wespenttogether.

3.Iwenttotheplace

Iworkedtenyearsago.4.Iwenttotheplace_____________Ivisitedtenyearsago.5.Thisisthereason_____________________hewaslate.

6.Thisisthereason_____________________hegave.

when/inwhichwhichwhere/inwhichwhichwhy/forwhichthat/which幾種易混的情況及物動(dòng)詞及物動(dòng)詞及物動(dòng)詞非限制性定語(yǔ)從句和單句的比較1.Hefailedintheexam._______madehisparentsangry.2.Hefailedintheexam,_______madehisparentsangry.3.Hehastwosons.Bothof________areteachers.4.Hehastwosons,bothof________areteachers.Thiswhichwhomthem×

that填上合適的關(guān)系詞并分析原因：1.Theway_________________heexplainedthesentencetouswasnotdifficulttounderstand.2.Theway_________________hetolduswasquitesimple.that/which/不填that/inwhich/不填缺狀語(yǔ)缺賓語(yǔ)theway用做先行詞易與定語(yǔ)從句混淆的其他復(fù)合句1.定語(yǔ)從句與名詞從句:選擇that/what/as/it填空。1）.Thenews______camefromthefrontwastrue.2）.Thenews______hewonthegamewastrue.3）.Shewasnot______sheusedtobe.4）.Thecityisnolongeraplace_____itusedtobe.5）._____iscommonlybelieved,China’seconomyhasgotoutofthefinancialcrisis