2022-2023學(xué)年浙江省湖州市高一（下）期末英語試卷（含解析）

第=page11頁，共=sectionpages11頁2022-2023學(xué)年浙江省湖州市高一（下）期末英語試卷一、選詞填空-句子（本大題共1小題，共1.0分）1.Thepainfulexperiencehasaffectedbothherm______andphysicalhealth.二、閱讀理解（本大題共11小題，共27.5分）A閱讀下列短文，從每題所給的A、B、C和D四個(gè)選項(xiàng)中，選出最佳選項(xiàng)，并在答題卡上將該項(xiàng)涂黑。

ChrisDempseyfirstlearnedaboutHeatherKruegerwhenhewasonhisbreakatwork.HeoverheardhiscoworkerJackDwyermentionthathiscousinHeatherhadjustdevelopedstageIVliver（肝）disease.Shewasonly25，Dwyersaid，butshewouldn'tsurvivemuchlongerunlessshecouldhavealivertransplant（移植）.

Dempseywantedtohelp."IfsomeoneinmyfamilywereinHeather'ssituation，Iwouldwantsomebodytostepupandhelpme，"saidDempsey，whophonedthehospitalandimmediatelystartedthetesting.Hewasn'tsurewhatwouldhappentoKruegerifhewasn'tamatch.Butafewweekslater，thetestscameback.Theywerepositive，andDempseywashappytogiveupto55%ofhislivertosaveKrueger'slife.

DempseywantedtocallKruegertotellherthegoodnews.Thoughthey'dtexted，they'dneverspokenbefore.AfterKruegerhungupthephone，sherandownthehalltohermotherandcried.WhenDempseyhungup，hefelt"likeatotallynewperson."

Afewdayslater，DempseyandKruegermettodiscusstheoperation，buttheyendeduptalkingaboutmuchmorethings.Kruegerexplainedthatshehadtoquitherjobasanursingassistantwhenherillnessbecametooserious.Still，asDempseyrememberedit，"Shedidn'tlooklikeapersonwhowassick.Shewasbeautiful，andshehadthissmileonherfacetheentire.time.Itwasamazinghowhighherspiritswere."Moreover，thetwoplannedforapublicfundraisingtohelppayKrueger'smedicalbills.

Onthedayofthetransplant，DempseyandKruegersatsidebysideinhospitalbeds，surroundedbytheirfamilies.Theoperationwentwellandtheywerebothreleasedfromthehospitalwithinamonth.2.WhydidDempseydecidetohelpKrueger？______A.Becauseofhisownexperience.

B.Outofhiscareandkindnessforothers.

C.BecauseKruegerwashiscousin.

D.BecausehiscoworkerJackaskedhimtodoso.3.WhichofthefollowingwordscanbestdescribeDempsey？______A.Kind-hearted. B.Open-minded. C.Strong-willed. D.Good-tempered.4.Whatcanwelearnfromthepassage？______A.OneofDempsey'sfamilymembers-oncehaddevelopedthesamediseaseasKrueger.

B.DempseywassoexcitedthathecriedwhensharingthegoodnewswithKrueger.

C.AfterKruegergottheliverdisease，shewasinlowspiritssoshegaveupherjob.

D.Kruegeralwayskeptapositiveattitudetowardslifethoughfacingahealthproblem.BPuffinBooks，thepublisherofUKwriterRoaldDahl'sclassicchildren'sbookslikeMatildaandTheWitches，cameunderfireinFebruaryduetotheirchoicetocutouthundredsofimpolitewordssuchas"fat"and"ugly"inRoaldDahl'sstoriestomakethemmoreacceptabletomodernreaders.

AlthoughthepublisherarguedthattheyweremeanttoallowDahl'sbookstocontinuetobeenjoyedbyalltoday，manypeoplewerestillangeredbythepractice.BookerPrize-winningauthorSalmanRushdiewasamongthosewhoreactedangrilytotherewritingofDahl'swords.Hesaidthat"it'simportantthatworksofliteraturearepreserved"，notedSkyNews.

AccordingtoTheConversation，"children'sliteratureimplicitly（潛移默化地）shapesthemindsofchildreadersbypresentingparticularsocialandculturevalues.Childrencanbeinfluencedeasilytoworkswhichcanshapethewaytheygrowupandunderstandtheworld."

Personally，Ibelieveintheintelligenceofchildrentoexploretheworldaroundthem.Itisthejobofteachers，parentsandthatotheradultguardianstohelpchildrenunderstandthatbooksareproductsoftheirtimesandthatauthors-eventhebestamongthem-arehumanbeingswiththeirownflaws（缺點(diǎn)）.

Afterall，justasSuzanneNossel，CEOofPENAmerica，anonprofitorganizationthatprotectswritersandfreedomofexpression，wroteonherTwitter，"Ifwestarttochangeandadaptthegreatworksinsteadofallowingreaderstoreceiveandreacttobooksaswritten，weriskdestroyingthebeautythatliteratureoffers."

Withthiskindofunderstandinginmind，wecanprovidechildrenwiththetoolstojudgeandsortoutwhattheyread.Thisisaskillneedednowmorethaneverinatimeof"fakenews"andtherapidspreadofdisinformation（虛假消息）.5.Whatdotheunderlinedwords"thepractice"inparagraph2referto？______A.PuffinBookschangedsomeimpolitewordsinRoaldDahl'sstories.

B.PuffinBooksremovedsomerudewordsfromRoaldDahl'sstories.

C.PuffinBookspreservedsomeimpolitewordsinRoaldDahl'sstories.

D.PuffinBooksallowedDahl'sbookstocontinuetobeenjoyedbyall.6.WhichofthefollowingwouldSuzanneNosselmostprobablyagreewith？______A.Parentsandteacherareresponsibletohelpchildrenunderstandtheclassics.

B.Thechangetothegreatworkswillmakethemmoreattractive.

C.Childrencanbeinfluencedbythebookstheyread.

D.Greatworksshouldbepreservedaswritten.7.Whatistheauthor'sattitudetotherewritingofDahl'sworks？______A.Objective. B.Concerned. C.Supportive. D.Critical.8.Whichofthefollowingisasuitabletitleforthetext？______A.RoaldDahl'sClassicChildren'sBooks

B.Children'sBooks：UptoDate

C.GreatWorks：ToRewriteorNot

D.BringGreatBooksforChildrenCTheBrainofawoodpecker（啄木鳥）experiencesaseeminglycatastrophicimpacteverytimeitsbeak（喙）hitswood."Whenyouseethesebirdshittingtheirheadsagainstatree，weashumansgetpuzzledwhytheydon'tgetheadachesorbraindamage，"saysSamVanWassenbergh，aresearcherattheUniversityofAntwerp.

Inthepast，scientistshavesuggestedthebird'sbrainisprotectedfromtheimpacts，perhapsbyabeakthatabsorbssomeoftheforce，orsomethinginitsheadthatactsasacushion（緩沖物）.ButVanWassenberghdidn'tthinkso.Soheledateamtostudyusinghigh-speedvideoofwoodpeckersinaction.Thevideosshowedsomestrikingdetails.Forexample"theyclosetheireyesatthemomenttheyhitthewood."VanWassenberghsays，toprotecttheireyefromflyingbitsofwood.

Thevideosalsoshowedthatwoodpeckers'beaksoftengetstuckinthewood.Buttheygetfreealmostimmediately，thankstoacleverbeakdesignthatprovidesindependentmovementoftheupperandlowerbeak.

Whatthevideosdidnotshowisanysignthatthewoodpeckers'brainissomehowcushioned."Thewayweseetheheadbehavingisveryrigid（死板的），likeatoolhittingwood，"VanWassenberghsays.Thatmeanstheheadrepeatedlyexperiencesslowdownsthatwouldcauseaninjuryinahumanbrain.

Yetthewoodpeckerbrainappearedunharmed，evenafterthousandsofimpactsinasingleday.Thisispossiblebecauseofitssmallsizeandweight.VanWassenberghsays."Ananimalthathasasmallersizecanstandhigherslowdowns，"hesays.

Thatideawassuggestedin2006byLornaGibson，aprofessoratMIT.Now，ithasbeenconfirmedbythehigh-speedvideo.Awoodpecker'sbrainisabout700timessmallerthanahumanbrain."Thatiswhyeventhehardesthitsweobservedarenotexpectedtocauseanyinjury，"VanWassenberghsays.9.Whatdoestheunderlinedword"catastrophic"inparagraph1probablymean？______A.Useful. B.Harmful. C.Unrelated. D.Little.10.Whichofthefollowingdidthevideosshowaboutthewoodpecker？______A.Itsbeakcanabsorbsomeforce.

B.Itseyesareclosedwhenitispecking.

C.Itspeckingspeedslowdowngradually.

D.Itsupperandlowerbeakmustworktogether.11.Whatprotectsthewoodpecker'sbrainfrominjuryaccordingtoVanWassenbergh？______A.Thecushionedbrain.

B.Thecleverdesignofthebeak.

C.Thetinysizeandweightofthebrain.

D.Therigidbehaviorofthehead.12.Whatdoesthelastparagraphmainlytalkabout？______A.VanWassenbergh'svideohasconfirmedLornaGibson'theory.

B.LornaGibsonsupportedVanWassenbergh'sresearch.

C.LornaGibsonexpectedsomebraininjuryofawoodpeckerbythehits.

D.Thebrainofawoodpeckerismuchsmallerthanthatofahuman.三、閱讀七選五（本大題共5小題，共12.5分）根據(jù)短文內(nèi)容，從短文后的選項(xiàng)中選出能填入空白處的最佳選項(xiàng)。選項(xiàng)中有兩項(xiàng)為多余選項(xiàng)。

EasySolutionstoStressDoesstressoftenwearyoudown？It'salmostimpossibletototallyavoidstress，butthefollowingtipswillhelpyoutogetitundercontrolsothatitdoesn'ttakeoveryourlife.

Relyonotherpeople

Studiesofbothanimalsandhumansshowthatsocialcontactcanhelpyoubetterrespondtostress.（1）______Avoidpeoplewhoalwaysneedsomethingwithoutgivingbackorwhoarealwaysshortwithyou

（2）______

Leavethehouse15minutesearlyforappointments，setupasystemforpayingyourbills，refillyourdailysuppliesaweekaheadoftimeandbuybirthdaycardswheneveryouseeonesyoulike.Alittleadvanceplanningcanspareyoualotofheadaches!

Keepajournal

Reflectonyourday，youremotionsandyourpersonalgoals.Whilewritingthemdown，includeeverythingthatstressesyou，soyoucanstarttorecognizewhatyourproblemsareandtakeappropriateaction.（3）______

Cutyourto-dolistinhalf

Mostofussetthebartoohigh.Afteryou'vewrittenyourto-dolist，decidewhat'smostimportanttoyouinthelongrun，thencutthelistinhalf.（4）______.Forexample，hireaneighbourhoodteenagertowateryourgardenorskipcookingandordertakeaway.

Laughalittle

（5）______Laughteralsohelpskeepyourheart，lungsandmuscleshealthyandbuildupyourresistance（抵抗力）.Plus，it'snearlyimpossibletostaytensewhileyou'relaughing.Therefore，findcartoons，videosorTVshowsthatmakeyoulaugh.

A.Avoidlast-minuterushes.

BMakedetailedplansfordailyactivities.

C.Writingisalsoagreatwaytorelaxandputthingsinorder.

D.Ifyoucan'tcutoutcertaintasks，trytohavesomeoneelsedothem.

E.Asweallknow，laughteristhebestmedicineforbothyourbodyandmind.

F.Soestablishanetworkofpeopleyoucanturntoandaskforsomehelpfuladvice.

G.Whenyoulaugh，yousendchemicalscalledendorphins（內(nèi)啡肽）toyourbrainthateasepainandpromoteyourfeelingofwellbeing.13.

A.A B.B C.C D.D E.E F.F G.G14.

A.A B.B C.C D.D E.E F.F G.G15.

A.A B.B C.C D.D E.E F.F G.G16.

A.A B.B C.C D.D E.E F.F G.G17.

A.A B.B C.C D.D E.E F.F G.G四、完形填空（本大題共15小題，共15.0分）閱讀下面短文，從短文后答題所給的A、B、C和D四個(gè)選項(xiàng)中，選出可以填入空白處的最佳選項(xiàng)，并在答題卡上將該選項(xiàng)涂黑。

AsIhaveperfectpitch（絕對(duì)音感）andstartedplayingpianoat3yearsold，it'smuchnaturalformetojointheschool'schoirwhenIgottocollegeintheUS.

Atfirst，everythingwentpretty（1）______：Ipassedtheaudition（試音），andwaseveninvitedtojointhemoreselectiveChamberSingers.However，Isoonbecame（2）______afterseveralrehearsals（排練）：Fromjokestomusictheory，Isimplycouldn'tunderstandwhattheyweretalkingabout!AndwhenI（3）______others'pitchmistakes，theyseemedunwillingtoaccept.IremainedsilentevenwhenIknewthepitcheswere（4）______.

ItwasourNewYearConcertlastyearthat（5）______meoutofdeepwatersWhenweweresingingthewordsofasong："Toliveistogive"，Ithought"howcouldIbe（6）______justbeingasilentAsian？"Soonafterthe（7）______，Istartedmyplan.Inmysecondterm，I（8）______tojoinalltheconversationsandstartedtohelpfellowsingerswithmyabilities（9）______identifyingpitch.Iwasoverwhelmedbythecontentofhelpingpeople，andwasthrilled（10）______morechoirmemberscametomeforcasualtalks.

FromMarchtoMay，Iwas（11）______soloist（獨(dú)唱者）forfourdifferentsongs，anunusual（12）______forafirst-yearstudent.Amongthem，myfavoritepiecewasaSpanishfolksongthatwe（13）______duringthechoir'sspringtourtoMadrid.AChinesestudentsingingaSpanishsonginanAmericanchoir-howproudIwasto（14）______asanambassadorofcross-culturalcommunication!Whentheaudienceapplaudedus，Icametoseeabetterworldwithunderstanding，（15）______andlove.18.

A.smoothly B.carefully C.deeply D.quickly19.

A.scared B.determined C.frustrated D.absorbed20.

A.lookedout B.pointedout C.figuredout D.turnedout21.

A.normal B.incorrect C.perfect D.regular22.

A.pushed B.pressed C.selected D.drew23.

A.satisfiedwith B.keenon C.familiarwith D.eagerfor24.

A.audition B.joke C.concert D.rehearsal25.

A.hoped B.managed C.refused D.failed26.

A.by B.to C.on D.in27.

A.when B.while C.before D.unless28.

A.respected B.postponed C.attached D.appointed29.

A.feature B.hobby C.achievement D.request30.

A.performed B.desired C.lacked D.ignored31.

A.launch B.serve C.assume D.announce32.

A.patience B.independence C.peace D.pride五、語法填空（本大題共1小題，共15.0分）33.閱讀下面材料，在空白處填入適當(dāng)?shù)膬?nèi)容（1個(gè)單詞）或括號(hào)中單詞的正確形式。

ChinaiscelebratingitseightSpaceday，whichfallsonApril24.Thecountry（1）______（make）remarkableachievementsinspace（2）______（explorer）overthepastdecade.

TheTiangongspacestation（3）______completedattheendof2022.Ithasthreemainsections：（4）______coremodule（核心艙）andtwosciencelabmodulesandisusuallymadeupofthree（5）______（astronaut）ThethreecrewmembersoftheShenzhouXVmissionareinitnow.

Inmoonexploration，Chinahassentfiveroboticprobes（探測(cè)器）tothe（6）______（near）neighborofEarthsince2007.TheChang'e4landedonthefarsideofthemooninJanuary2019andbecamethefirstcrafttomakemeasurementsandobservationsaboutthisareaclosely.Itsrover，theYutu2，（7）______hasbeenworkingtherefornearly1，600days，hasbecometheworld'slongest-operatingmoonrover.Themostrecentmission，Chang'e5，landedinDecember2020andreturned（8）______1，731gramsofmoonrocksandsoil.

Inaddition，theTianwen1missionwaslaunchedinJuly2020，whichtravelledmorethan470millionkilometersbefore（9）______（enter）theorbitofMarsinFebruary2021.Itsonboardrover，Zhurong，landedinMay2021，makingChinathesecondcountry（10）______（send）aroveronMarssuccessfully.六、單詞拼寫-單句（本大題共9小題，共9.0分）34.TheclimateinKunmingis______（溫和的），meaningit'salwaysagoodtimetovisit.35.Atthefootofthehillwasawoodenhouse______（包圍）bytallpinetrees.36.Themotherhadasmileof______（寬慰）afterseeinghersoncuredbythedoctors.37.Therearevariousopinionsaboutthe______（起源）oftheSpringFestival.（根據(jù)漢語提示單詞拼寫）38.Afterwinninga______（獎(jiǎng)學(xué)金），Jennyfeltlesspressureaboutpayingtuitionfees.39.Howeverbusyweare，wewillg______andcelebratetheSpringFestivaltogether.40.Itisourresponsibilitytoseizeeveryo______toeducatepeopleaboutglobalwarming.41.Tobef______，thefireworkslastnightwerereallyannoying.42.Ihavenoideahowmanystudentshavebeena______intotheschoolthisyear.七、書面表達(dá)（本大題共2小題，共40.0分）43.假定你是李華，你校計(jì)劃舉辦介紹中國傳統(tǒng)文化的主題班會(huì)，并在英語網(wǎng)站上展示，請(qǐng)你給外國朋友Chris寫封信，向他了解哪些中國傳統(tǒng)文化更吸引外國朋友，內(nèi)容如下：

1.闡明寫信事由；

2.征求建議；

3.表達(dá)感謝。

注意：

1.詞數(shù)100左右；

2.可以適當(dāng)增加細(xì)節(jié)，以使行文連貫。

DearChris,

____________

Yours,

LiHua44.閱讀下面短文，根據(jù)所給情節(jié)進(jìn)行續(xù)寫，使之構(gòu)成一個(gè)完整的故事。

Richieandherhusband，Pooh，decidedonvisitingCapeCod，abeautifulseatown，whichisaboutthreehoursdrivefromthecityofBoston.TheirdaughterwhothenlivedinSalemclosetoBostoninsistedthatshewouldpickthemup.Buttheywereconfidentoftheirsenseofdirectionandnotwantingtotroubleher，sotheyrefusedheroffer.Theydecidedtotaketheirjourneyintheirowncarandstartedearlyinthemorning.

Afterathree-hourdrive，theyarrivedinCapeCodandstartedtheirnewdiscoverywitharoadmapofthetownanditssuburbs.Sincethereweremanyplacestosee，ittookthemthewholedaytofinishtheirsightseeing.

Now，theywerevisitingasuburbwithshopssellinghandmadeitems.Richiewasmostinterestedinshopping，whilePoohwarnedhertofinishbeforeitstartedgettingdark.Theyweresoabsorbedintheirshoppingthattheyforgotaboutthetimeuntiltheshopsbegantoclose.

Theytookthesamerouteback.PoohhadaverygoodmemoryandakeensenseofdirectionandsoRichiejustblindlyfollowedhim，withoutknowingwheretheywereheadingto.Soontheyfoundthemselvesjustgoingroundinamaze，realizingtheygotlostontheway.

Theyhadtostopthecar，referredtotheirmap，andstartedagain.Aftersometime，theyrealizeditwasnousetryingandfindingtheirwayback.Theirmobilephoneshadbeendeadforhours，anditwasimpossibletocontacttheirdaughter.Havingnootheroption，theydecidedtoasksomeoneforhelp，butbeingaSunday，theroadswereempty，withnopeoplewalkingaroundorcarspassingby.Theyweregettingworriedandterrifiedwitheachpassingminute.ThedarknessandpanicfilledRichie'sheadwithhorriblethoughts"Wouldtheyberobbedorattacked？"Afterhoursofwaitingsilentlyinthedarkness，theydecidedtotryagain.

注意：

（1）續(xù)寫詞數(shù)應(yīng)為150左右：

（2）請(qǐng)按如下格式在答題卡的相應(yīng)位置作答。

Poohturnedthekeyandtriedtostartthecar，butitwouldn'tmove.

______

Ontheedgeofdespair，theyheardthewhistleofacar.

______

答案和解析1.【答案】ental【解析】答案：mental.形容詞mental作定語修飾名詞health。故填：mental。

痛苦的經(jīng)歷影響了她的身心健康。

考查首字母填空。準(zhǔn)確地翻譯句子、理解句子，然后根據(jù)句意及提示完成句子，使句意更通順。

2~4.【答案】B、A、D【解析】（1）推理判斷題。由文章第二段"If

someone

in

my

family

were

in

Heather's

situation，I

would

want

somebody

to

step

up

and

help

me，"

said

Dempsey，who

phoned

the

hospital

and

immediately

started

the

testing.He

wasn't

sure

what

would

happen

to

Krueger

if

he

wasn't

a

match.（如果我家里有人遇到Heathe的情況，我希望有人站出來幫助我。他打電話給醫(yī)院，立即開始了檢測(cè)。他不確定如果不能配對(duì)，Krueger會(huì)怎么樣。）可知，Dempsey

決定幫助Krueger是出于對(duì)他人的關(guān)心和善意。故選B項(xiàng)。

（2）推理判斷題。由文章第二段But

a

few

weeks

later，the

tests

came

back.They

were

positive，and

Dempsey

was

happy

to

give

up

to

55%

of

his

liver

to

save

Krueger's

life.（但幾周后，檢測(cè)結(jié)果出來了。他們是陽性可配對(duì)的，Dempsey很高興放棄了高達(dá)55%的肝臟來挽救Krueger的生命。）可知，Dempsey是一個(gè)十分善良的人。故選A項(xiàng)。

（3）推理判斷題。由文章倒數(shù)第二段"She

didn't

look

like

a

person

who

was

sick.She

was

beautiful

，and

she

had

this

smile

on

her

face

the

entire.time.It

was

amazing

how

high

her

spirits

were."

（她看起來不像一個(gè)生病的人。她很漂亮，臉上一直掛著笑容。令人驚訝的是，她的情緒如此高漲。）可知，盡管面臨健康問題，Krueger始終保持著積極的生活態(tài)度。故選D項(xiàng)。

這篇文章講述了Chris

Dempsey如何聽到他的同事Heather

Krueger患有嚴(yán)重的肝病，然后主動(dòng)進(jìn)行肝移植手術(shù)，最終成功拯救了Krueger的生命。他們之間建立了深厚的友誼，并一起籌集資金支付Krueger的醫(yī)療費(fèi)用。手術(shù)成功后，兩人都很快康復(fù)出院。

閱讀理解題測(cè)試考生在閱讀基礎(chǔ)上的邏輯推理能力，要求考生根據(jù)文章所述事件的邏輯關(guān)系，對(duì)未說明的趨勢(shì)或結(jié)局作出合理的推斷；或根據(jù)作者所闡述的觀點(diǎn)理論，對(duì)文章未涉及的現(xiàn)象、事例給以解釋?？忌紫纫屑?xì)閱讀短文，完整了解信息，準(zhǔn)確把握作者觀點(diǎn)。

5~8.【答案】B、D、D、C【解析】（1）詞句指代題。根據(jù)第一段Puffin

Books，the

publisher

of

UK

writer

Roald

Dahl's

classic

children's

books

like

Matilda

and

The

Witches，came

under

fire

in

February

due

to

their

choice

to

cut

out

hundreds

of

impolite

words

such

as

"fat"and"ugly"in

Roald

Dahl's

stories

to

make

them

more

acceptable

to

modern

readers.（今年2月，英國作家羅爾德?達(dá)爾的經(jīng)典童書《瑪?shù)贍栠_(dá)》和《女巫們》的出版商海芬圖書公司因在羅爾德?達(dá)爾的小說中刪去"胖"、"丑"等數(shù)百個(gè)不禮貌的詞匯，使其更容易被現(xiàn)代讀者接受而受到抨擊。）可知海雀圖書公司出版的RoaldDahl精選小說中刪除了數(shù)百個(gè)不禮貌的詞匯，結(jié)合畫線詞所在句句意"盡管出版商聲稱他們的目的是讓Dahl的書繼續(xù)為今天的所有人所欣賞，但許多人仍然對(duì)這種做法感到憤怒"可知，"thepractice（這種做法）"指上文提到的海雀圖書公司從RoaldDahl的故事中刪除了一些粗魯?shù)脑~語。故選B。

（2）推理判斷題。根據(jù)倒數(shù)第二段Ifwestarttochangeandadaptthegreatworksinsteadofallowingreaderstoreceiveandreacttobooksaswritten，weriskdestroyingthebeautythatliteratureoffers.（如果我們開始改變和改編偉大的作品，而不是讓讀者接受并對(duì)所寫的書做出反應(yīng)，我們就有可能破壞文學(xué)所提供的美）可知，SuzanneNossel不同意改編偉大的作品，他認(rèn)為它們應(yīng)該原封不動(dòng)地保存下來，故選D。

（3）推理判斷題。根據(jù)第四段Personally，Ibelieveintheintelligenceofchildrentoexploretheworldaroundthem.Itisthejobofteachers，parentsandthatotheradultguardianstohelpchildrenunderstandthatbooksareproductsoftheirtimesandthatauthors-eventhebestamongthem-arehumanbeingswiththeirownflaws（缺點(diǎn)）.（就我個(gè)人而言，我相信孩子們探索周圍世界的智慧。教師、家長和其他成年監(jiān)護(hù)人有責(zé)任幫助孩子們理解，書籍是他們所處時(shí)代的產(chǎn)物，而作者——即使是他們當(dāng)中最優(yōu)秀的作家——也是有其缺點(diǎn)的人）可知，作者認(rèn)為孩子有探索事物的智慧，成年人應(yīng)幫助他們理解書籍是時(shí)代的產(chǎn)物，即使是偉大的作者也有缺點(diǎn)，故作者反對(duì)改編Dahl的作品，故選D。

（4）標(biāo)題歸納題。根據(jù)全文內(nèi)容，第一段Puffin

Books，the

publisher

of

UK

writer

Roald

Dahl's

classic

children's

books

like

Matilda

and

The

Witches，came

under

fire

in

February

due

to

their

choice

to

cut

out

hundreds

of

impolite

words

such

as

"fat"and"ugly"in

Roald

Dahl's

stories

to

make

them

more

acceptable

to

modern

readers.（今年2月，英國作家羅爾德?達(dá)爾的經(jīng)典童書《瑪?shù)贍栠_(dá)》和《女巫們》的出版商海芬圖書公司因在羅爾德?達(dá)爾的小說中刪去"胖"、"丑"等數(shù)百個(gè)不禮貌的詞匯，使其更容易被現(xiàn)代讀者接受而受到抨擊。）提出文章的主題，海雀圖書公司從RoaldDahl的故事中刪除了一些粗魯?shù)脑~語，下文是對(duì)這一做法不同的態(tài)度，故C項(xiàng)"偉大的作品：要不要重寫"為最佳標(biāo)題，故選C。

英國作家羅爾德?達(dá)爾的經(jīng)典兒童圖書出版商Puffin

Books因剪輯達(dá)爾小說中的"肥胖"和"丑陋"等不禮貌詞匯而引發(fā)爭議。許多人對(duì)這種做法感到憤怒，認(rèn)為文學(xué)作品應(yīng)該被保留。兒童文學(xué)在塑造孩子的價(jià)值觀和文化觀方面具有重要作用，但是孩子們應(yīng)該被賦予判斷和篩選閱讀材料的能力。在當(dāng)前"假新聞"和虛假信息快速傳播的時(shí)代，這種能力比以往任何時(shí)候都更為重要。

閱讀理解題測(cè)試考生在閱讀基礎(chǔ)上的邏輯推理能力，要求考生根據(jù)文章所述事件的邏輯關(guān)系，對(duì)未說明的趨勢(shì)或結(jié)局作出合理的推斷；或根據(jù)作者所闡述的觀點(diǎn)理論，對(duì)文章未涉及的現(xiàn)象、事例給以解釋?？忌紫纫屑?xì)閱讀短文，完整了解信息，準(zhǔn)確把握作者觀點(diǎn)。

9~12.【答案】B、B、C、A【解析】（1）詞義猜測(cè)題。根據(jù)第一段劃線詞下文everytimeitsbeak（喙）hitswood.（它的喙每次敲擊木頭。）以及Whenyouseethesebirdshittingtheirheadsagainstatree，weashumansgetpuzzledwhytheydon'tgetheadachesorbraindamage.（當(dāng)你看到這些鳥把頭撞到樹上時(shí)，我們?nèi)祟悤?huì)感到困惑，為什么它們不會(huì)頭痛或腦損傷。）可知，人類感到困惑，啄木鳥敲擊樹干時(shí)為什么不會(huì)頭痛或腦損傷，由此可知這是一個(gè)看似會(huì)造成傷害的行為，故catastrophic意為"造成損害的"，A.Useful有用的；B.Harmful有害的；C.Unrelated無關(guān)的；D.Little小的。故選B。

（2）細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)第二段The

video

s

showed

some

striking

details.For

example

"they

close

their

eyes

at

the

moment

they

hit

the

wood.（視頻顯示了一些驚人的細(xì)節(jié)。例如，'它們?cè)谧驳侥绢^的那一刻閉上了眼睛。）可知，視頻顯示啄木鳥啄樹干時(shí)閉上眼睛。故選B。

（3）推理判斷題。根據(jù)倒數(shù)第二段Yetthewoodpeckerbrainappearedunharmed，evenafterthousandsofimpactsinasingleday.Thisispossiblebecauseofitssmallsizeandweight.（然而啄木鳥的大腦似乎沒有受到傷害，即使在一天內(nèi)受到數(shù)千次撞擊。這是可能的，因?yàn)樗捏w積和重量小。）可知，根據(jù)VanWassenbergh的說法，啄木鳥大腦微小的尺寸和重量保護(hù)其不受損傷。故選C。

（4）段落大意題。根據(jù)最后一段Thatideawassuggestedin2006byLornaGibson，aprofessoratMIT.Now，ithasbeenconfirmedbythehigh-speedvideo.（這個(gè)想法是由麻省理工學(xué)院教授LornaGibson在2006年提出的?，F(xiàn)在，高速視頻已經(jīng)證實(shí)了這一點(diǎn)。）可知，最后一段主要講述VanWassenbergh的視頻證實(shí)了LornaGibson的理論，故選A。

本文是一篇說明文，主要介紹了啄木鳥的頭部結(jié)構(gòu)，它們每次啄木時(shí)頭部都會(huì)受到強(qiáng)烈的沖擊，但它們的頭部卻不會(huì)受傷。之前的科學(xué)家認(rèn)為啄木鳥的喙或頭部內(nèi)部的某些物質(zhì)可以緩沖沖擊，但研究者Sam

Van

Wassenbergh認(rèn)為不是這樣。他帶領(lǐng)團(tuán)隊(duì)使用高速攝影記錄了啄木鳥啄木的過程，發(fā)現(xiàn)它們會(huì)在啄木時(shí)閉上眼睛，以保護(hù)眼睛不受木屑傷害。

做這類題材閱讀理解時(shí)要求考生對(duì)文章通讀一遍，做題時(shí)結(jié)合原文和題目有針對(duì)性的找出相關(guān)語句進(jìn)行仔細(xì)分析，結(jié)合選項(xiàng)選出正確答案。

13~17.【答案】F、A、C、D、G【解析】（1）推理判斷題。根據(jù)本段小標(biāo)題Rely

on

otherpeople（依賴其他人）和上文Studies

of

both

animals

and

humans

show

that

social

contact

can

help

you

better

respond

to

stress.（對(duì)動(dòng)物和人類的研究表明，社會(huì)接觸可以幫助你更好地應(yīng)對(duì)壓力）可知，和別人接觸能幫助你更好地應(yīng)對(duì)壓力，空處應(yīng)是說因此要多接觸別人，F(xiàn)項(xiàng)"因此，建立一個(gè)你可以求助的人際網(wǎng)絡(luò)，并尋求一些有用的建議"符合語境，和上文形成因果關(guān)系，故選F。

（2）標(biāo)題判斷題。根據(jù)本段內(nèi)容Leave

the

house

15

minutes

early

for

appointments，set

up

a

system

for

paying

your

bills，refill

your

daily

supplies

a

week

ahead

of

time

and

buy

birthday

cards

whenever

you

see

ones

you

like.A

little

advance

planning

can

spare

you

a

lot

of

headaches!（提前15分鐘出門赴約，建立一個(gè)支付賬單的系統(tǒng)，提前一周補(bǔ)充日常用品，看到喜歡的生日賀卡就買。一點(diǎn)點(diǎn)提前計(jì)劃可以讓你省去很多麻煩）可知，本段主要講述將計(jì)劃提前一些能省去很多麻煩，故A項(xiàng)"避免最后一分鐘的匆忙"適合作為小標(biāo)題，故選A。

（3）細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)上文While

writing

them

down，include

everything

that

stresses

you，so

you

can

start

to

recognize

what

your

problems

are

and

take

appropriate

action.（在寫下它們的時(shí)候，包括所有給你帶來壓力的事情，這樣你就可以開始認(rèn)識(shí)到你的問題是什么，并采取適當(dāng)?shù)男袆?dòng)）提到寫日記的好處，分析選項(xiàng)，C項(xiàng)"寫作也是一種放松和整理事物的好方法"進(jìn)一步描述寫日記的好處，故選C。

（4）推理判斷題。根據(jù)下文For

example，hire

a

neighbourhood

teenager

to

water

your

garden

or

skip

cooking

and

order

takeaway.（例如，雇一個(gè)鄰居家的少年給你的花園澆水，或者不做飯而叫外賣）"是對(duì)空處內(nèi)容舉例說明，故空處是關(guān)于讓別人幫忙完成任務(wù)，D項(xiàng)"如果你不能減少某些任務(wù)，試著讓別人來做"符合語境，故選D。

（5）細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)下文Laughter

also

helps

keep

your

heart，lungs

and

muscles

healthy

and

build

up

your

resistance

（抵抗力）.（笑還有助于保持你的心臟、肺和肌肉的健康，增強(qiáng)你的抵抗力）中的"also"一詞可知，空處也是描述笑的好處，G項(xiàng)"當(dāng)你笑的時(shí)候，你會(huì)向大腦發(fā)送一種叫做內(nèi)啡肽的化學(xué)物質(zhì)，它可以緩解疼痛，促進(jìn)你的幸福感"符合語境，故選G。

這是一篇說明文，文章主要介紹了減輕壓力的一些方法。

七選五閱讀是完成性閱讀，和完形填空很類似，不同的是一個(gè)選詞，一個(gè)選句子。解題時(shí)，要注意上下文語境，充分考慮信息詞（選項(xiàng)中和空格前后句子中相同或相近的詞），選出最符合語境的句子。

18~32.【答案】A、C、B、B、D、A、C、B、D、A、D、C、A、B、C【解析】（1）考查副詞及語境理解。A.smoothly順利地；B.carefully仔細(xì)地；C.deeply

深深地；D.quickly快速地。句意：起初，一切都很順利：我通過了試音，甚至被邀請(qǐng)加入更挑剔的室內(nèi)樂歌手。根據(jù)后文"Ipassedtheaudition（試音），andwaseveninvitedtojointhemoreselectiveChamberSingers"可知，起初一切進(jìn)展順利，故選A。

（2）考查形容詞及語境理解。A.scared害怕的；B.determined堅(jiān)定的；C.frustrated沮喪的；D.absorbed全神貫注的。句意：然而，幾次排練后，我很快就感到沮喪：從笑話到樂理，我根本聽不懂他們?cè)谡f什么！根據(jù)轉(zhuǎn)折副詞"However"和下文"Fromjokestomusictheory，Isimplycouldn'tunderstandwhattheyweretalkingabout!"可知，作者聽不懂別人說的什么，故感到沮喪，故選C。

（3）考查動(dòng)詞短語及語境理解。A.lookedout當(dāng)心，向外看；B.pointedout指出；C.figuredout解決，想出；D.turnedout結(jié)果是，原來是。句意：當(dāng)我指出別人的音高錯(cuò)誤時(shí)，他們似乎不愿意接受。根據(jù)下文"theyseemedunwillingtoaccept"可知，當(dāng)作者指出錯(cuò)誤時(shí)，他們似乎不愿意接受，故選B。

（4）考查形容詞及語境理解。A.normal正常的；B.incorrect不正確的；C.perfect完美的；D.regular定期的。句意：我保持沉默，即使我知道音調(diào)是錯(cuò)誤的。根據(jù)上文"mistakes"可知，此處指音高是錯(cuò)誤的，故選B。

（5）考查動(dòng)詞及語境理解。A.pushed推；B.pressed按，壓；C.selected選擇；D.drew拉動(dòng)，拖動(dòng)。句意：去年的新年音樂會(huì)讓我走出了困境。drawsboutof將某人從……處拉出來，故選D。

（6）考查固定短語及語境理解。A.satisfiedwith滿足于；B.keenon喜愛；C.familiarwith熟悉；D.eagerfor渴望。句意：當(dāng)我們唱著"活著就是付出"的歌詞時(shí)，我想："我怎么能滿足于僅僅做一個(gè)沉默的亞洲人呢？"根據(jù)下文"Istartedmyplan."可知，作者認(rèn)為自己不應(yīng)滿足于只做一個(gè)沉默的人，故選A。

（7）考查名詞及語境理解。A.audition試音；B.joke玩笑；C.concert音樂會(huì)；D.rehearsal排練。句意：音樂會(huì)結(jié)束后不久，我開始了我的計(jì)劃。此處指上文提到的"NewYearConcert"，故選C。

（8）考查動(dòng)詞及語境理解。A.hoped希望；B.managed設(shè)法做到；C.refused拒絕；D.failed失敗。句意：在我的第二個(gè)學(xué)期，我成功地加入了所有的對(duì)話，并開始用我的識(shí)別音高的能力幫助其他歌手。根據(jù)下文"startedtohelpfellowsingers"可知，作者成功和其他人打成一片，managetodosth設(shè)法做成某事，故選B。

（9）考查介詞及語境理解。A.by通過；B.to朝；C.on在……上面；D.in在……里面，在……方面。句意：在我的第二個(gè)學(xué)期，我成功地加入了所有的對(duì)話，并開始用我的識(shí)別音高的能力幫助其他歌手。abilitiesin指"某方面的能力"，固定搭配，故選D。

（10）考查連詞及語境理解。A.when當(dāng)……時(shí)；B.while在……期間；C.before在……之前；D.unless除非。句意：我對(duì)要幫助別人的內(nèi)容感到應(yīng)接不暇，當(dāng)更多的合唱團(tuán)成員來找我閑聊時(shí)，我感到很興奮。用when引導(dǎo)時(shí)間狀語從句，while引導(dǎo)時(shí)間狀語從句時(shí)從句用延續(xù)性動(dòng)詞，came是短暫性動(dòng)詞，故選A。

（11）考查動(dòng)詞及語境理解。A.respected尊重；B.postponed推遲，延期；C.attached粘貼，依附；D.appointed任命，安排。句意：從3月到5月，我被任命為四首不同歌曲的獨(dú)奏者，這對(duì)大一學(xué)生來說是一個(gè)不同尋常的成就。根據(jù)下文"soloist（獨(dú)唱者）forfourdifferentsongs"可知，作者被任命為四首不同歌曲的獨(dú)奏者，故選D。

（12）考查名詞及語境理解。A.feature

特點(diǎn)；B.hobby興趣；C.achievement成就；D.request要求。句意：從3月到5月，我被任命為四首不同歌曲的獨(dú)奏者，這對(duì)大一學(xué)生來說是一個(gè)不同尋常的成就。故選C。

（13）考查動(dòng)詞及語境理解。A.performed表演；B.desired渴望；C.lacked缺乏；D.ignored忽視。句意：其中，我最喜歡的是一首西班牙民歌，是我們?cè)诤铣獔F(tuán)春季巡回馬德里演出時(shí)演奏的。根據(jù)前文的"song"和空后"duringthechoir'sspringtourtoMadrid"可知，此處指合唱團(tuán)去馬德里春季巡回演出時(shí)表演的歌曲，指故選A。

（14）考查動(dòng)詞及語境理解。A.launch發(fā)射，發(fā)起；B.serve服務(wù)，擔(dān)任；C.assume假設(shè)，認(rèn)為；D.announce宣布。句意：一個(gè)中國學(xué)生在美國唱詩班里唱著一首西班牙歌——我為自己擔(dān)任跨文化交流大使感到多么自豪！根據(jù)空后"asanambassadorofcross-culturalcommunication"可知，此處指擔(dān)任跨文化交流大使，故選B。

（15）考查名詞及語境理解。A.patience耐心；B.independence獨(dú)立；C.peace和平；D.pride自豪。句意：當(dāng)觀眾為我們鼓掌時(shí)，我看到了一個(gè)充滿理解、和平和愛的更美好的世界。上文提到作者為擔(dān)任跨文化交流大使感到自豪，結(jié)合本句中"abetterworld"可知，此處指一個(gè)充滿理解、和平和愛的更美好的世界，故選C。

這是一篇記敘文，文章主要講述作者去美國上大學(xué)的經(jīng)歷，作者在音樂方面很有天賦，加入校合唱團(tuán)后，由最初的沮喪到最后用自己的實(shí)力獲得了不同尋常的成就，為自己擔(dān)任跨文化交流大使感到非常自豪。

近幾年高考試題中的完形填空有新的變化，試題所涉及的知識(shí)面不斷拓寬，綜合難度不斷提高。做完形填空首先要通讀全文，了解大意。一篇完形填空的文章有許多空格，所以，必須先通讀一至兩遍，才能大概了解文章的內(nèi)容。千萬不要看一句，做一句。其次要逐句分析，前后一致。選擇答案時(shí)，要考慮整個(gè)句子的內(nèi)容，包括搭配、時(shí)態(tài)、語法等。答案全填完后，再通讀一遍文章，檢查是否通順流暢，用詞得當(dāng)，意思正確。

33.【答案】hasmade【解析】（1）考查動(dòng)詞時(shí)態(tài)及主謂一致。句意：在過去的十年里，中國在太空探索方面取得了令人矚目的成就。時(shí)間狀語為over

the

past

decade，句子用現(xiàn)在完成時(shí)，主語為The

country，助動(dòng)詞用has，故填hasmade。

（2）考查不可數(shù)名詞。句意：在過去的十年里，中國在太空探索方面取得了令人矚目的成就。此處用名詞作介詞in的賓語，表示"探索"，為不可數(shù)名詞，故填exploration。

（3）考查動(dòng)詞時(shí)態(tài)、語態(tài)及主謂一致。句意：天宮空間站于2022年底建成。時(shí)間狀語為at

the

end

of

2022，句子用一般過去時(shí)，主語為The

Tiangong

space

station，且與complete之間是被動(dòng)關(guān)系，故填wascompleted。

（4）考查冠詞。句意：它有三個(gè)主要部分：一個(gè)核心艙和兩個(gè)科學(xué)實(shí)驗(yàn)室艙，通常由三名宇航員組成。結(jié)合句意可知，此處表示泛指，故用不定冠詞，core為輔音音素開頭的單詞，故填a。

（5）考查可數(shù)名詞的復(fù)數(shù)。句意：它有三個(gè)主要部分：一個(gè)核心艙和兩個(gè)科學(xué)實(shí)驗(yàn)室艙，通常由三名宇航員組成?？涨坝衪hree修飾，故用名詞的復(fù)數(shù)形式，故填astronauts。

（6）考查最高級(jí)。句意：在月球探測(cè)方面，自2007年以來，中國已經(jīng)向離地球最近的鄰居發(fā)射了五個(gè)機(jī)器人探測(cè)器。結(jié)合句意和the可知，此處用最高級(jí)，表示"最近的"，故填nearest。

（7）考查定語從句。句意：它的月球車"玉兔2號(hào)"已經(jīng)在那里工作了近1600天，成為世界上運(yùn)行時(shí)間最長的月球車。此處引導(dǎo)非限制性定語從句，先行詞為the

Yutu

2，在從句中作主語，故填which。

（8）考查介詞。句意：最近的一次任務(wù)是嫦娥五號(hào)，于2020年12月著陸，返回時(shí)攜帶了1731克月球巖石和土壤。with表示"伴隨，攜帶"，符合句意，故填with。

（9）考查動(dòng)名詞。句意：此外，天問一號(hào)任務(wù)于2020年7月發(fā)射，在2021年2月進(jìn)入火星軌道之前，飛行了超過4.7億公里。此處用動(dòng)名詞作介詞before的賓語，