2018年6月大學生英語四級真題試卷及詳細答案(15套全)

Directions:Forthispart,youareallowed30minutestowriteanashorteasyontheimportanceof第2頁共197第3頁共19711.A)Watchacomedy.第4頁共19716.A)Toinvestigatehowbeingoverweightimpactsonhealth.17.A)Whentheyarehungry.18.A)Theysearchforfoodingroups.第5頁共19719.A)ItsconstructionstartedbeforeWorldWarI.20.A)Toimprovetransportationinthecountryside.21.A)Inthe1970s.22.A)Chattingwhiledriving.23.A)Agadgettoholdaphoneonthesteeringwheel.24.A)Thecarkeepsflashingitsheadlights.第6頁共197in1962，itwascoveredwiththinsquarestones.Thesesmallsquarestonesbecameaproblemforthethisrenovationthebuilding'sowners,CIS，(28)_______thesolarpanelcompany,Solarcentury.Theyasoneofthe"10bestgreenenergyprojects".Foralongtimeafterthisrenovationproject,itwasthetallest第7頁共197statementcontainsinformationgiveninoneoftheparagraphs.IdentifytheparagraphfromwhichtheAsTouristsCrowdOutLocals,VeniceFaces"Endangered"Listthemarchwithagrass-rootsorganizationcalledGenerazione'90.Thecartshereferstoaresmallshoppingcarts—thesymbolofatrueVenetian."Itstartedasajoke,"hesayswithalaugh."Theideaanythingaboutthecrowdsfordecades,becausethey'reonlyinterestedintourism—theprimaryindustryinVenice,worthmorethan$3billionin2015."Veniceisacashcow,"shesays,"andeveryonemedieval(中世紀的）surroundings.Theirmassivewakecreatswavesatthebottomofthesea,Ifeelsad,"Chigisays."Youseethemuditdrags；thedestructionitleavesinitswake?Thathurts第9頁共197[I]ItalyboastsmoreUNESCOWorldHeritageSitesthananyothercountryintheworld,grantingitconflict-riddencountries—wouldbeaninternationalembarrassment,andcouldevenhurtItaly'sSomesituationsarereallydifficultwithtouristsaround，"saysGiorgioashenavigatesarounda[N]Thenithitshim:Thiscrowdisn'tmadeupoftourists.They'reVenetians.Giorgiosayshe'sneverDirections:Thereare2passagesinthissection.Eachpassageisfollowedbysomequestionsor"Readbooks,gotomovies,takeonnewhobbiesoractivitiesthatforceonetothinkinnovelways,"forsendinghimcopiesofhisresearchintothegeologyoftheregionthatwouldbecomeYellowstonelong."Itwasluckilyingoodshape,''saysKapsalis."andwejusthavetodosomeminorthingsinordertoDirections:Forthispart,youareallowed30minutestowriteanashorteasyontheimportanceof11.A)HeisinterestedinThaiartworks.17.A)Getbetterorganized.18.A)Providetheirdataindetail.C)Makeuseofbettersearchengines.B)Personalizeeachapplication.D)Applyformorepromisingpositions.representsmemoriesofthepast,"saysphotographerSharonBlance,whoseseriesHongKongNeonBuildinganeonsignisanartpracticedby(29)_______trainedonthejobtomoldglasstubescolorsandcraftsmanship."Ilovethebeautiful,handcrafted,old-fashioned(34)_______ofneon,"saysstatementcontainsinformationgiveninoneoftheparagraphs.Identifytheparagraphfromwhichthethatrespects"social-emotionaldevelopment"and"deepandmeaningfullearning"overacademics[D]About10minutesfromPrincetonandanhourandahalffromNewYorkCity,WestWindsorandwereadmittedtoMIT.ItproducesScienceOlympiadwinners,classicallytrainedmusiciansanddistrict.Asian-Americanparentsareenthusiasticsupportersofthecompetitiveinstrumentalmusic[F]Asian-AmericanstudentshavebeeneagerparticipantsinastateprogramthatpermitsthemtotakeperceptionamongsomewhitefamiliesthattheelementaryschoolcurriculumisbeingspeduptoAmericanAchievementParadox,saysmisunderstandingsbetweenfirst-generationAsian-Americanorjobsatlawfirms,"Leesaid."Sowhattheybelieveisthattheirchildrenmustexcelandbeattheirstudentwiththewords,"Shameonyou!"Further,hesaid,theNewJerseyEducationDepartmenthasflaggedatleasttwopiecesofwritingonstateEnglishlanguageassessmentsinwhichstudentsPlacementstudentsreportedfeelingstressedaboutschool"alwaysormostofthetime"."Weneedtobringbacksomebalance,"Aderholdsaid."Youdon'twanttowaituntilit'stoolatetodosomething.''anarmsrace,aneducationalarmsrace,"shesaid."Weallwantourkidstoachieveandbesuccessful.Thequestionis,atwhatcost?"44.AnumberofstudentsinAderhold'sschooldistrictwerefoundtohavestress-inducedmentalhealthDirections:Thereare2passagesinthissection.Eachpassageisfollowedbysomequestionsordisplayingfewersignsofdepressionoranxiety."Therecouldbeanumberofreasons,"hesaid,"forlivingingreenspaceswerelessstressed,andlessstressedpeoplemademoresensibledecisionsandinNorthernIrelandfortheWhiteStarLinecompany.TheOlympicclassincludedtheOlympic,theAllinall,theOlympicclassshipsweremarvelsofseaengineering,buttheyseemedcursedtosufferjustartisticinnatureandservednofunctionalpurpose.Whiletwooftheseshipssank,theywereall說明:2018年6月大學英語四級真題聽力兩套，本套聽力內容與前兩套重andthecity's(34)_______wereforcedtousetheircars.Conversely,"cyclework"dayshavedonetotheirstatementcontainsinformationgiveninoneoftheparagraphs.Identifytheparagraphfromwhichthebusiness,andareevenharderforstudentstooptoutof.Whiletheycouldoncebuysecond-handcode.Sheknewthatherchemistrygrademaytakeadiveasaresult."It'sabalancingact,"shesaid."CanIreallyaffordtheseaccesscodesnow?"Shedidn'thandinherfirsttwoassignmentsforits$140millionrevenuein2015"wasderivedfromdigitalproducts".[H]APearsonspokespersontoldBuzzFeedNewsthat"digitalmaterialsarelessexpensiveandagoodItsdigitalcoursematerialssavestudentsupto60%comparedtotraditionalprintedtextbooks,the[I]Thetextbookindustryinsiststheonlinesystemsrepresentabetterdealforstudents."ThesedigitalDavidAnderson,theexecutivedirectorofhighereducationwiththeAssociationofAmerican[J]DavidHunt,anassociateprofessorinsociologyatAugustaUniversity,whichhasrolledoutdigitalandprograms."That'stwomonthsofrent,"shesaid."Youcan'tsellanyofitback.Withatraditionalcompletehomeworkorquizzes."Oftenit'sonly10%ofyourgradeinclass，"hesaid."You'repayingButheraccesscodesforhomework,whichcan'tberentedorboughtsecond-hand,werehermostgotzerosonacoupleoffirstassignments.Imanagedtopulleverythingbackup.ButasascaredDirections:Thereare2passagesinthissection.Eachpassageisfollowedbysomequestionsortosomeoneelse.Whileweteach，welearn，"saidRomanphilosopherSeneca.NowscientistsareResearchershavefoundthatstudentswhosignuptotutorothersworkhardertounderstandtheOneanswer:Theycantutoryoungerkids.Somestudieshavefoundthatfirst-bornchildrenaremoreButthemostcutting-edgetoolunderdevelopmentisthe"teachableagent"—acomputerizedcharacterwholearns,tries,makesmistakesandasksquestionsjustlikeareal-worldpupil.Computermalecounterparts.Theywantjobsthatprovidesecurityandflexibility,andtheyplacerelativelylittleThesefindingsarebasedonanewPewResearchCentersurveyof2,002adults,including8101.A)Hergrandfather.D)Tofindevidenceoftheexistenceofthe"lostlions".10.A)Whatherhusbandandthemanareupto.13.A)Theyknowwhentostop.14.A)Theyarepatient.15.A)Clarifyitemsofnegotiation.D)Formulateone'sstrategy.17.A)Theytriedtomakebestuseofthelatesttechnology.18.A)Theyareexpensivetomake.25.A)Checkthelocalweather.Weallknowthereexistsgreatvoid（空白）inthepubliceducationalsystemwhenitcomestosaid,"IstartedEngineeringforkids(EFK)afternoticingareallackofmath,scienceandengineeringShedecidedtostartanafterschoolprogramwherechildren(29)_______inSTEM-basedDoribeganoperatingEFKoutofherVirginiahome,whichshethenexpandedto(32)_______I)feedingF)enrollJ)graduatingL)levelsstatementcontainsinformationgiveninoneoftheparagraphs.Identifytheparagraphfromwhichthe[B]Theaccusationofincuriosityisonethatwehearoften,carryingthesuggestionthatthereisAresuchaccusationssimplyeffortstoscorepoliticalpointsforone'sparty?Oristheresomethingof[E]Wearesuffering,hewrites,froma"serendipitydeficit."Theword"serendipity"wascoinedby[F]Whyisthisaproblem?Becausewithoutcuriositywewilllosethespiritofinnovationandentrepreneurship.Wewillseeunimaginativegovernmentsanddyingcorporationsmakedisastrous羊)?HequotesGoogleco-founderLarryPagetotheeffectthatthe"perfectsearchengine"will"understandexactlywhatImeanandgivemebackexactlywhatIwant."Elsewhereinthebook,Lesliewrites:"Google[J]Somewhatnostalgically(懷舊地)，hequotesJohnMaynardKeynes'sjustlyfamouswordsof"Childhoodcuriosityisacollaborationbetweenchildandadult.Thesurestwaytokillitistoleaveitalone."[M]AlthoughLeslie'sbookisn'taboutpolitics,hedoesn'tentirelyshyawayfromtheproblem.fortheafter-effectsoftheinvasionofIraq.AccordingtoLeslie,thosewhoridiculedformerDefenseSecretaryDonaldRumsfeldforhis2002remarkthatwehavetobewaryofthe"unknownunknowns"wereown.Weshouldbedelightedtopursueknowledgeforitsownsake—evenwhenwhatwefindoutisDirections:Thereare2passagesinthissection.Eachpassageisfollowedbysomequestionsorcallsuchathinga"disease."BiophysicistAlexZhavoronkovbelievesthatagingshouldbeconsideredadisease.Hesaidthatandnotjustthesideeffects,"hesaid.certainhealthrange.""Itwasalwaysknownthatthebodyaccumulatesdamage,"headded."Theonlywaytocureagingisbecauseagingisseparatefromtheirdisease,"Hayflicksaid."Evenifthosecausesofdeathwereeliminated,B)Theyjustcannotdoanythingaboutit.C)Itshouldberegardedasakindofdisease.48.WhatdoesAlexZhavoronkovthinkof"describingagingasadisease"?B)Itwillgreatlyhelpreducethesideeffectsofaging.B)Agingishardlyseparablefromdisease.C)Fewpeoplecanliveuptotheageof92.Femaleapplicantstopostdoctoralpositionsingeoscienceswerenearlyhalfaslikelytoreceive"Say，youknow,thisisthebeststudentI'veeverhad,"saysKuheliDutt,asocialscientistanddepartmentalleveloraninstitutionallevelorevenadisciplinelevel."WhichmayleadtosomeB)Chancesforwomentogetthepositionsarescarce.B)Theyinvitedwomenprofessionalstoeditthem.C)Theyassignedthemrandomlytoreviewers.D)Theydeletedallinformationaboutgender.A)associatedE)peakB)examineF)preventingC)indicateG)prohibitingK)superiorO)visualD)nuisanceH)sensitiveL)suspiciousN)treatedstatementcontainsinformationgiveninoneoftheparagraphs.IdentifytheparagraphfromwhichthefinishthedegreeIleftundonesomefourdecadesago.IammakingmywaythroughColumbiaclass，whichwouldn'thappenwithoutthepressureofanin-classexam,"heexplained."Furthermorehopefully,tooethicaltoconsiderdoingso.AsIsatblockedandcluelessfortwosoliddays.I[F]Mostcollegeprofessorsagreethekindofexamtheychooselargelydependsonthesubject.Aquantitative-basedone,forexample,isunlikelytobesenthome,whereonecouldasktheirolderwhoteaches"HistoryofBroadcastJournalism"atMontgomeryCommunityCollegeinRockville,whenthetimeisup."Meanwhile,OliviaRubin,asophomoreatEmory,saysshehardlyeven[H]Howstudentsultimatelyhandletestsmaydependontheirpersonaltest-takingabilities.Thereareopposedtousingmyfreetimeathometoworkonatest,''lieresponded.ItseemstomethataSheencouragedtheclassnottostressorevenstudy,promisingthat."Itisgoingtobeapieceofcake."Directions:Thereare2passagesinthissection.EachpassageisfollowedbysomequestionsorThatpeopleoftenexperiencetroublesleepinginadifferentbedinunfamiliarsurroundingsisaphenomenonknownasthe"first-night"effect.IfapersonstaysinthesameroomthefollowingnighttheyA)Towhatextentitcantroublepeople.B)Whatroleithasplayedinevolution.A)Shefoundbirdsanddolphinsremainalertwhileasleep.B)Shefoundbirdsanddolphinssleepinmuchthesameway.C)Shegotsomeideafrompreviousstudiesonbirdsanddolphins.48.WhatdidDr.Sasakidowhenshefirstdidherexperiment?49.WhatdidDr.Sasakidowhenre-runningherexperiment?A)Sheanalyzedthenegativeeffectofirregulartonesonbrains.B)Sherecordedparticipants'adaptationtochangedenvironment.C)Sheexposedherparticipantstotwodifferentstimuli.D)Shecomparedtheresponsesofdifferentparticipants."A)Theytendedtoenjoycertaintonesmorethanothers.B)Theytendedtoperceiveirregularbeepsasathreat.C)Theyfeltsleepywhenexposedtoregularbeeps.D)Theydifferedintheirtoleranceofirregulartones.agerangewhenmanywomenaretryingtobalancecareersandhome.Onereasonwomenmayfeelschoolpartiesorcookdeliciousmeals—andsotheiranswertoanyrequestisoften"Yes，1can."staffexpertise.Shoulderingmoreoftheworkloadmaynotearnyouthatpromotion.Instead,itmayA)Theyareoftenunclearaboutthecareergoalstoreach.D)Theytendtopushthemselvesbeyondthelimitsoftheirability.relationshipbetweenteachersandstudents.Youshouldwriteatleast120wordsbutnomorethan180Intheearly1990s,theWorldWideWebwasdeveloped,inlargepart,for(31)_______purposes.tickets,hotel(32)_______,andevencarsandhomescouldbepurchasedonline.UniversitiesI)maintainedF)innovationJ)occupationsstatementcontainsinformationgiveninoneoftheparagraphs.Identifytheparagraphfromwhichthe[D]Itseems,too,thatI'mpartofanationalrenewalofinterestinneedleandotherhandicrafts(手工[F]Sincethe1990s,thecouncilhassurveyedhundredsofthousandsofknittersandcrocheters,whohappyorveryhappy.Inastudyof60self-selectedpeoplewithpersistentpain,Ms.CorkhillandinthebrainthathelptoDirections:Thereare2passagesinthissection.Eachpassageisfollowedbysomequestionsordegree,thinks"personaldrive"isfarmoreimportantthanjustgoingtocollege.ToFendley,asenseofdriveG)afirmbeliefintheirdream2.A)Themaninthecarwasabsent-minded.9.A)Incash10.A)Givehimareceipt11.A)SigningupformembershipofSHotel12.A)Heistheonlyboyinhisfamily13.A)Tellhimtoplayinherbackyard14.A)Theycouldbreakpeople'slegs15.A)Onewouldgetaspotontheirtonguesiftheytoldaliedeliberately20.A)Hewasinterestedinstylishdresses.21.A)Theyavoidlookingatthem.inreferencetobrewingintheninthcentury.Now,researchershavefounda(27)_______ingredientincontainers(28)_______theywereusedtobrew,filter,andstorebeer.Theymaybeancient"beer-makingProceedingsoftheNationalAcademyofSciences.To(30)_______thattheory,theteamexaminedthebeersweeter,thescientistssay.Barleywasanunexpectedfind:thecropwasdomesticatedinWesternstatementcontainsinformationgiveninoneoftheparagraphs.Identifytheparagraphfromwhichthewakingtosleeping,"heexplains.[E]"Highlysuperiorautobiographicalmemory"（orHSAMforshort)firstcametolightintheearly2000s,withayoungwomannamedJillPrice.EmailingtheneuroscientistandmemoryresearcherJim[H]Interestingly,theirmemoriesarehighlyself-centred:althoughtheycanremember"autobiographical"lifeeventsinextraordinarydetail,theyseemtobenobetterthanaverageatrecallingfrom"falsememories".Clearly,thereisnosuchthingasa"perfect"memory—theirextraordinarymindsHSAMandfoundthattheyscoredparticularlyhighontwomeasures:fantasyproneness(傾向)andabsorption.Fantasypronenesscouldbeconsideredatendencytoimagineanddaydream,whereasEachtimethisinitialmemorytraceis"replayed",itbecomesevenstronger.Insomeways,youprobablyorwhatitlookedlikeinthebook."[O]NoteveryonewithHSAMhasexperiencedthesebenefits,however.Viewingthepastinhighthatstreamofmemories,nomatterhowhardyoutry."Veisehagrees."Itislikehavingtheseopenwounds—pastbutnotopentonewmemories,butthat'snotthecaseforme.Ilookforwardtoeachdayandexperiencingsomethingnew."36.PeoplewithHSAMhavethesamememoryasordinarypeoplewhenitcomestoimpersonalDirections:Thereare2passagesinthissection.Eachpassageisfollowedbysomequestionsor"Infact,thereisalmostnohardevidenceformidlifecrisisotherthanafewsmallpilotstudiesconducteddecadesago,"BarbaraHagertywritesinhernewbook,LifeReimagined.Thevastbulkoftheexciting,ratherthanterrifying".routines,because"autopilotisdeath".Theychoosepurposeoverhappiness一havingaclearsenseofpresidentialcandidatesrunningfortheirfirstterminofficeatage68,69and74.Alongerlifespanistheeggintoafancyart,liketheheavilyjewel-covered"eggs"thatwerefavoredbytheRussiansstartingintothevery,veryend."Thetradition,datingbackto300B.C.,waslaterincorporatedintotheChristianchurch.Theold52.Whatdowelearnaboutthedecorated"eggs"inRussia?D)Mostdrivershavetestdrivencarswithautomaticbrakingfeatures.D)Theyarenotactuallyassafeasautomakersadvertise.D)AseriousaccidentintheAlaskasportsevent.D)HehasquitthecompetitioninAlaskaforgood.19.A)Shecouldupdateherfamilyanytimesheliked.itis.Earlierthismonth,theofficeaskedforthepublic'shelptomeasuretheirspeedresults,sayingIftheinvestigationuncoversanything,itwouldn'tbethefirsttimeatelecomprovidergotintoCommunicationsCommissionfinedAT&T$100millionover(30)_______thatthecarriersecretlystatementcontainsinformationgiveninoneoftheparagraphs.Identifytheparagraphfromwhichthe[C]Wheredotheseedsofchangecomefrom?theNativeAmericanIndianshaveasaying:"Payanddevelopingnewcapabilities.Firsttryingphysicalexerciseanddieting,shelostsomeweightandabletosaytomyself,'Thisisnotreal.'"Bynamingherfearsandfacingthemhead-on,LeahgainedDirections:Thereare2passagesinthissection.EachpassageisfollowedbysomequestionsortocitieslikeHouston,Austin,Charlotte,andNashville,whichare"positioningthemselvesashighlyportraysanoveralloptimismbornebytherecenthealthyreal-estate"upcycle"andimprovingeconomy.Seventy-fourpercentoftherespondentssurveyedreporta"goodtoexcellent"expectationofreal-estateA)anacceleratingspeed47.Whatcharacterizes"24-hourcities"likeNewYork?B)Thehousepricesarecurrentlytoohigh.C)Thefierceglobalcompetition.D)Theworseninginfrastructure.C)Cautious.rememberthenewPIN,yougraduallyforgettheoldone.Thisprocessimprovesaccesstorelevantinformationbyformingassociations.Andwhenweretrieve(檢索)information,boththedesiredandyourmuscles,butalsoyoureyes.Fearnot,however,forcoffeecanstimulatethemagain.During(26)_______exercise,ourmusclestireastheyrunoutoffuelandbuildupwasteproducts.Musclebody'schemicalmessengerspreventsthecentralnervoussystemfromdirectingmusclemovementstoseehowwelltheirbrainscouldstill(32)_______theirvisualsystem.Theteamfoundthatexercisestatementcontainsinformationgiveninoneoftheparagraphs.Identifytheparagraphfromwhichthe[A]Teamshavebecomethebasicbuildingblocksoforganizations.Recruitmentadvertisementsroutinelycallfor"teamplayers".Businessschoolsgradetheirstudentsinpartontheirperformanceingroupofcourse:evenJesushad12co-workers.ButanewreportbyDeloitte,"GlobalHumanCapitalTrends",basedonasurveyofmorethan7,000executivesinover130countries,suggeststhatthefashionforvalueonagility(靈活性).JohnChambers,chairmanofCiscoSystemsInc.,aworldwideleaderincrew'sfirstdayofflyingtogether.However,asAmyEdmondsonofHarvardpointsout,organisationsincreasinglyuse"team"asaverbratherthananoun:theyformteamsforspecificpurposesandthenquicklysmallandfocused:givingintopressuretobemore"inclusive"isaguaranteeofdysfunction.JeffBezos,Amazon'sboss,saysthat"IfIseemorethantwopizzasforlunch,theteamistoobig."Theyneedtoconsulting,findsthatthebestwaytoensureemployeesare"engaged"istogivethemmorecontroloverDirections:Thereare2passagesinthissection.Eachpassageisfollowedbysomequestionsorfrom￡43in2014to￡41in2015.Onein10buyersrandtoiletrollsmadefromrecycledpaperamongtheirtopconsiderations,A)BritonshavecuttheirspendingonitB)itspriceshavegoneupovertheyearsC)itsqualityhasseenmarkedimprovementD)BritonshavedevelopedthehabitofsavingA)Itwillexpendintime.B)Itwillremaingloomy.C)Itwillexperienceupsanddowns.D)Itwillrecoveraspopulationgrows.C)Luxuriousfeaturesaddmuchtotheprice.D)Consumershaveavarietytochoosefrom.A)Theyareparticularaboutthequalityoftoiletpaper.B)Theyemphasizethestrengthoftoiletpaperthemost.C)Theyprefercheaptoiletpapertorecycledtoiletpaper.D)Theyrejectusingtoiletpaperwithunnecessaryfeatures.'Well，ifIgraduallyreduce,it'slikepractice，'"saysLindson-Hawley.Butthatwasn'tthecase.effective,"saysDr.GabrielaFerreira."Whenyoucanquoteaspecificnumberlikeafifthofthepatients1.A）Itwasdangeroustolivein.2.A）Astrike.Theoceanisheatingup.That'stheconclusionofanewstudythatfindsthatEarth'soceansnowabetter(30)_______ofheatabsorptionfromsurfacetoseabed.Theygatheredtogethertemperaturereadingscollectedbyeverythingfroma19thcentury(31)_______ofBritishnavalshipstomodem擬),createdatimelineofoceantemperaturechanges,includingcoolingfromvolcanicoutbreaksandAbout35percentoftheheattakeninbytheoceansduringtheindustrialeranowresidesatastatementcontainsinformationgiveninoneoftheparagraphs.IdentifytheparagraphfromwhichtheA)Anyproductthatpromisestoprotectyourhomedeservescarefulexamination．Soitisn'tusuallyinvolvingabrokenwindoworsomeforcedentry．AccordingtotheFB1．crimeslikethesebattery—poweredsensorsuparoundyourhomethatkeepaneyeonwindows。doors，motion，andthemintherightdirection，thoughatthatpoint，we'retalkingaboutahighlytargeted，semi—F)Wirelesssecurityproviderswilloftentakestepstohelpcombatthethreatofjammingattacks．SimpliSafe，winnerofourEditors'Choicedistinction．utilizesaspecialsystemthat'stbeauniversalmagicformulaforcrackingit．Othersystemsalsoseemconfidentonthesubjectofsoftwareandclaimingthattherearen'tanydocumentedcasesofasuccessfuljamattacksincethewindow．He'11needtobejammingyouatthispoint，asabrokenwindoworopeneddoorwouldDirections:Thereare2passagesinthissection.Eachpassageisfollowedbysomequestionsor"Sugar,alcoholandtobacco,"economistAdamSmithoncewrote,"arecommoditieswhicharesugar,saltorfatinaproduct,orbyfindinganalternativeingredient.Morerecently,however,somecompanieshavebeeninvestingmoneyinamoreambitiousundertaking:learninghowtoadjusttheA)Replacingsugarorsaltwithalternativeingredients.Theaverageinternationalrunwaymodelhasabodymassindex(BMI)under16--lowenoughtoProfessionalfashionmodelsareparticularlyvulnerabletoeatingdisordersresultingfromoccupationalManymenandwomenhavelongboughtintotheideathatthereare"male"and"female"Inthestudy,TelAvivUniversityresearchers(27)_______forsexdifferencesthroughouttheentireAndwhatdidtheyfind?Notmuch.Ratherthanofferevidencefor(28)_______brainsas"male"DaphnaJoel,wholedthestudy,saidherresearchfoundthatwhiletherearesomegender-basedbylookingatindividualbrainscans.Onlyasmall(31)_______ofpeoplehad"all-male"or"all-growingbodyofresearchquestioning(32)_______beliefsaboutgenderandbrainfunction.Buthestatementcontainsinformationgiveninoneoftheparagraphs.IdentifytheparagraphfromwhichtheA)Whatmotivatesemployeestodotheirjobswell?Competitionwithcoworkers,forsome.TheWerbach,agamificationexpertwhoteachesattheWhartonSchoolofBusinessattheUniversityoftocreateasenseofcommunityandboostemployees'morale(士氣).WhenemployeeslogintotheirhotelsinAnaheim,California,whichusedlargedigitalleaderboardstodisplayhowefficientlylaundryDirections:Thereare2passagesinthissection.EachpassageisfollowedbysomequestionsorItseemshighereducationhasbecomeanindustryofmeeting-holderswhosetaskitistostudenthappinessandwell-being--mightbeimprovedbycuttingdownthebureaucratic(官僚的)mechanismsandmeetingsandinsteadhiringanarmyofgoodteachers.Ifwereplacedhalfofourfact,vaguely-statedpossibilitiesofwinningaprizeweremoreeffectivethanoptionswithhardoddsA)ReducingfoodintakeisnotthatdifficultifpeoplegotoMcDonald'smore.A)Kidspreferredanawardintheformofmoneytooneintheformofatoy.A)Peopleshouldeatmuchlessiftheywishtostayhealthyandhappy.a(28)_______sentenceforcausingalifetimeofpain.Roughlyhalfofallfederally-convictedanimalTheU.S.SentencingCommission,which(31)_______thesesentencingguidelines,isrevisitingAlongwiththiseffort,we'reworkingwithanimaladvocatesandstateandfederallawmakersto(33)_______anti-crueltylawsacrossthecountry,aswellassupportinglawsandpoliciesthatassistbecausethehighcostofcaringforanimalvictimsisamajorfactorthatpreventspeoplefromgettingstatementcontainsinformationgiveninoneoftheparagraphs.IdentifytheparagraphfromwhichtheB)Peoplecanlearntobehelpless,too.Whydosomestudentsgiveupwhentheyencounterdifficulty,whereasotherswhoarenomoreskilledcontinuetostriveandlearn?Oneanswer,Isoongottough.Anothergroupofhelplesschildrenwhoweresimplyrewardedfortheirsuccessoneasierbuttheyalsoholddifferent"theories"ofintelligence.ThehelplessonesbelieveintelligenceisafixedMistakescracktheirself-confidencebecausetheyat