外研版七年級(jí)下冊(cè)英語語法專題復(fù)習(xí)(含練習(xí))

語法知識(shí)點(diǎn)詞類：物主代詞、情態(tài)動(dòng)詞can和方位介詞短語語法知識(shí)點(diǎn)詞類：物主代詞、情態(tài)動(dòng)詞can和方位介詞短語時(shí)態(tài)：一般將來時(shí)態(tài)和一般過去時(shí)態(tài)句型：特殊疑問句、祈使句、感嘆句和選擇疑問句詞類物主代詞：表示所屬關(guān)系的代詞（…屬于誰的）人稱單數(shù)復(fù)數(shù)形容詞性物主代詞名詞性物主代詞形容性物主代詞名詞性物主代詞第一人稱mymineourours第二人稱youryoursyouryours第三人稱hishistheirTheirsherhersitsits形容詞性物主代詞和名詞性物主代詞的關(guān)系： 形容詞性物主代詞：必須和名詞在一起。Myfather,yourteacher...物主代詞名詞性物主代詞:相當(dāng)于與之相對(duì)應(yīng)的形容詞性物主代詞+名詞。Thisshirtismine.=Thisismyshirt.練習(xí)（1）選擇題。（）1.Lookat

.A.himB.heC.his（）2.Idrive

totheparkeveryday.A.theyB.theirC.them（）3.

classroomisbig.A.weB.usC.Our（）4.Ilove

.A.sheB.herC.hers（）5.Doyouknow

?A.I

B.myC.me（）6.Iam

son.A.theyB.theirC.them（）7.Thisisnot_____desk..Mydeskisoverthere.A.I

B.myC.me（）8.－Canyouspell_____name,Harry?－Sorry.A.you

B.yourC.yours（）9.TomandJackarebrothers.Thisis_____room.A.they

B.themC.their（）10.Weareinthesameclass._____classroomisverynice.A.our

B.myC.ours（）11.Mrs.Greenismyteacher.I’m_____student.A.heB.hisC.him（）12.That’sacat._____nameisMimi.A.It

B.It’sC.Its（2）用括號(hào)里的代詞的適當(dāng)形式填空1,MrYangis_______(we)teacher.________(him)isfromBeijing._______(his)teaches______(our)English.2,Look,thereisacat._______(they)isLily's.____(it)nameisMimi.3,Let______(I)tell______(she)about_____(he)lifeatschool.4,Thisis______(they)room.Whereis_____(our)?5,Don'tusetheeraser.______is______(me).6,Theladyunderthetreeis______(me)aunt._____(her)oftensingswith_____(she)husband情態(tài)動(dòng)詞can1.含義：表達(dá)人或物的能力，能或會(huì)…2.特點(diǎn)：情態(tài)動(dòng)詞can沒有人稱和數(shù)的變化，之后要加動(dòng)詞原形。3.否定形式：cannot(正式用法)＝can’t(口語)4.句型結(jié)構(gòu)：肯定句：主語+情態(tài)動(dòng)詞+動(dòng)詞原形+其他+。She/Theycanswimwell.否定句：主語+情態(tài)動(dòng)詞+not+動(dòng)詞原形+其他+。She/Theycannotswimwell.一般疑問句：情態(tài)動(dòng)詞+主語+動(dòng)詞原形+其他+？一般過去時(shí)一般過去時(shí)表示過去某個(gè)時(shí)間發(fā)生的動(dòng)作或存在的狀態(tài)，常和表示過去的時(shí)間狀語連用。一般過去時(shí)也表示過去經(jīng)?；蚍磸?fù)發(fā)生的動(dòng)作。標(biāo)志性時(shí)間狀語：yesterday（昨天）,lastweek（上周）,lastmonth（上個(gè)月）,lastyear（去年）,twomonthsago（兩個(gè)月前）,thedaybeforeyesterday（前天），in1990(在1990年),inthosedays（在那些日子里）等表示過去的時(shí)間狀語連用。動(dòng)詞結(jié)構(gòu)：V-ed動(dòng)詞過去式變化規(guī)則：1．一般在動(dòng)詞末尾加-ed，如：pull-pulled,cook-cooked2．結(jié)尾是e加d，如：taste-tasted3．末尾是輔音字母加一個(gè)元音字母和一個(gè)輔音字母的重讀閉音節(jié)，應(yīng)雙寫末尾的輔音字母，再加-ed，如：stop-stopped4．以“輔音字母+y”結(jié)尾的，變y為i，再加-ed，如：study-studied5．不規(guī)則動(dòng)詞過去式：lose(丟失)

lost

make(制造)

made

mean(意思)

meantmeet(見)

met

pay(付)

paidsay(說)

saidsell(賣)

sold

send(送)sent

sit(坐)

satsleep(睡)

slept

smell(嗅)

smeltspell(拼寫)

spelt

spend(度過)

spentstand(站)

stood

teach(教)

taught

tell(告訴)

told

win(贏)

wonthink(想)

thought

understand(理解)

understoodbegin(開始)

began

blow(吹)

blewbreak(打破)

broke

choose(選擇)

chose

do(做)

did

draw(畫)

drew

drink(喝)

drank

drive(駕駛)

droveeat(吃)

ate

fall(落下)

fellfly(飛)

flew

forget(忘)

forgot

give(給)

gave

go(去)

went

grow(成長(zhǎng))

grewknow(知道)

knewlie(躺)

laylain

ring(按鈴)

rang

write(寫)

wrote

ride(騎)

rodesee(看見)saw

show(出示)

showed

wake(弄醒)

wokesing(唱)

sang

speak(講話)

spoke

steal(偷)

stole

wear(穿)

woreswim(泳)

swam

take(拿)

took

throw(扔)

threw

become(成為)

became

come(來)

came

run(跑)

ran

4.句式變化規(guī)則：Be動(dòng)詞在一般過去時(shí)中的變化：（1）am和is在一般過去時(shí)中變?yōu)閣as。（wasnot=wasn't）（2）are在一般過去時(shí)中變?yōu)閣ere。（werenot=weren't）（3）帶有was或were的句子，其否定、疑問的變化和is,am,are一樣，即否定句在was或were后加not，一般疑問句把was或were調(diào)到句首。句中沒有be動(dòng)詞的一般過去時(shí)的句子否定句：didn't+動(dòng)詞原形，如：Jimwenthomeyesterday.Jimdidn'tgohomeyesterday.一般疑問句：在句首加did，句子中的動(dòng)詞過去式變回原形。如：Jimwenthomeyesterday.DidJimgohomeyesterday?特殊疑問句：疑問詞+一般疑問句？如：Jimwenthomeyesterday.DidJimgohomeyesterday?WhatdidJimdoyesterday?練習(xí)：填空1.我打算明天和朋友去野炊。I_____________________haveapicnicwithmyfriends.I________haveapicnicwithmyfriends.2.下個(gè)星期一你打算去干嘛?我想去打籃球。What___________________________________________nextMonday?I__________________playbasketball.What_________youdonextMonday?I________playbasketball.3.Nancyisgoingtogocamping.（改否定）Nancy________goingtogocamping.4.I’llgoandjointhem.（改否定）I_______go______jointhem.5.I’mgoingtogetupat6:30tomorrow.（改一般疑問句）_______________________togetupat6:30tomorrow?6.Wewillmeetatthebusstopat10:30.（改一般疑問句）_______________meetatthebusstopat10:30.用所給動(dòng)詞的適當(dāng)形式填空。

1.Tom_______(visit)afarmlastweek.

2.Thetwins_______(water)theflowersinthegardenyesterdaymorning.

3.I_______(watch)afilmwithmyfriendlastFriday.

4.Myfather_______(be)inLondonlastyear.

5.What_______(do)youdothreedaysago?

6._______(be)thereanyparksherein1950?

7.What_________(do)youdojustnow?I

__________

(wash)myclothes.改寫句子

1.Weareallhappy.(改成一般過去時(shí))We_____allhappy.

2.Ivisitmygrandparentseveryweek.(用lastweek代替everyweek)

_______________________________________________________3Thereweresomezebrasinthezoolastyear.(改為一般疑問句并作肯定回答)

_______________________________________________________________

四、用所給詞的適當(dāng)形式填空。1.Todayisasunnyday.We___________________(have)apicnicthisafternoon.2.Mybrother_______________(go)toShanghainextweek.3.Tomoften______________(go)toschoolonfoot.Buttodayisrain.He______________(go)toschoolbybike.4.Whatdoyouusuallydoatweekends?Iusually__________(watch)TVand____________(catch)insects?It’sFridaytoday.What_____she_________(do)thisweekend?——She______________(watch)TVand_____________(catch)insects.6.What___________(do)youdolastSunday?I____________(pick)applesonafarm.——What______________(do)nextSunday?I______________(milk)cows.7.Mary____________(visit)hergrandparentstomorrow.8.David______________(give)apuppetshownextMonday.9.I________________(plan)formystudynow.句型特殊疑問句。含義：以特殊疑問詞開頭的疑問句。特殊疑問詞總結(jié)：①what什么（職業(yè)，姓名等）whatday星期幾Whatdayisittoday?whatsize多大尺碼Whatsizeareyourshoes?whattime=when什么時(shí)間whatcolour什么顏色whatsize多大號(hào)②when什么時(shí)候（就時(shí)間提問）where什么地方（就地點(diǎn)提問）who誰（問人的身份，姓名等）which哪一個(gè)why為什么（就原因提問，常用because回答）how怎么樣howmany多少（提問可數(shù)名詞數(shù)量）Howmanybooksdoyouhave?多少（提問不可數(shù)名詞數(shù)量）Howmuchwateristhereintheglass?Howmuch多少錢（提問價(jià)格）Howold幾歲（提問年齡） 多長(zhǎng)（提問長(zhǎng)度）Howlongisthisruler?Howlong這把尺子有多長(zhǎng)？多長(zhǎng)時(shí)間（時(shí)間持續(xù)多久）Howlongdoyougotoschool?你去學(xué)校要多長(zhǎng)時(shí)間？Howoften多久（提問頻率既單位時(shí)間發(fā)生多少次）Howsoon（還要多久時(shí)間才能開始或結(jié)束）Howsoonwillhecomeback?Howfar（提問距離有多遠(yuǎn)）他多久才能回來？Howheavy（提問有多重）句型結(jié)構(gòu)：特殊疑問詞+一般疑問句？Eg:WhydoyoulikewatchingTV?練習(xí)：就劃線部分提問。1．Heoftenhaslunchinthefactory．

heoften

lunch？2．Theywillcomebackinamonth．

willtheycomeback？3．HehurthisleglastSunday．

hehurthisleg？4．Igotupatsixthismorning．

you

upthismorning？5．TheyweredrawingahorsewhenIcamein．

they

whenIcamein？6．Ididn'tgotoschoolbecauseIhadabadcold．

yougotoschool？7．You'dbettertaketheNo．3bus．

bus

Ibettertake？8．He'sfeelingwell．

hefeeling？9．Thegirlinaredcoatismysister．

isyoursister？10．HecomestoChinaonceayear．

he

toChina？11.Hegoestoseehisgrandma(twiceaweek).(對(duì)括號(hào)部分提問)_________________________________________________?12.Myfathergoestoworkbycar.(改為特殊疑問句)__________________________________________________?13.Ittake(15minutes)foraferrytocrosstheriver.(對(duì)括號(hào)部分提問)__________________________________________________?14.Youcandial(110)tocallthepolice.(對(duì)括號(hào)部分提問)_______________canyoudialtocallthepolice15.Tedputhisbaginthedesk.(改為特殊疑問句)___________Ted_____inthedesk?16.Thestudents(wentcamping)lastweek.(對(duì)括號(hào)部分提問)_________________________________________________?17.Diogenescamefrom(Greece).(對(duì)括號(hào)部分提問)__________Diogenes_____________?18.Thewaytokeepfitis(toeatfoodandtakemornexercise).(對(duì)括號(hào)部分提問)______________thewayto______________?祈使句祈使句指的是表示命令、請(qǐng)求、建議或勸告的句子。其主語you常省略，謂語動(dòng)詞用原形，句末用感嘆號(hào)或句號(hào)，讀降調(diào)。1.肯定的祈使句（1）動(dòng)詞原形+其他Standup,please.=Pleasestandup.請(qǐng)起立。（2）Be+adj.Becareful!=Lookout!=Takecare!小心/當(dāng)心?。?）Let's+動(dòng)詞原形Let’sgotoschooltogether.咱們一起上學(xué)去吧。否定的祈使句：有be動(dòng)詞直接加not,沒有加don’t感嘆句由"what"引導(dǎo)的感嘆句：what+(a/an)+adj.+n.+主語+謂語！.Whataclevergirlsheis!多么聰明的姑娘呀！