現(xiàn)在完成時(shí)課件-小升初

PresentPerfectTense

小升初考點(diǎn)---現(xiàn)在完成時(shí)PresentPerfectTense

小升初考點(diǎn)--1present(now)futurepast

PresentPerfectTense

現(xiàn)在完成時(shí)present(now)futurepastPresent2主語(yǔ)+have/has+過(guò)去分詞（pp）

現(xiàn)在完成時(shí)的結(jié)構(gòu)Winter

has

already

come，willitstillbefarinspring?主語(yǔ)+have/has+過(guò)去分詞（pp）現(xiàn)在完成3主語(yǔ)+have/has+過(guò)去分詞（pp）否定形式haven’t(havenot）+過(guò)去分詞

hasn’t(hasnot)+過(guò)去分詞疑問(wèn)句把助動(dòng)詞have/has放在句首

現(xiàn)在完成時(shí)的結(jié)構(gòu)注：主語(yǔ)若是第三人稱單數(shù)助動(dòng)詞用has主語(yǔ)+have/has+過(guò)去分詞（pp）否定形式4Youhaveplantedallthetrees.Ihaveplantedallthetrees.He/shehasplantedallthetrees.Theyhaveplantedallthetrees.

區(qū)別have和has的用法

主語(yǔ)若是第三人稱單數(shù)助動(dòng)詞用hasYouhaveplantedallthetre51、規(guī)則變化（過(guò)去分詞與過(guò)去時(shí)變化規(guī)則一樣）(1)、一般動(dòng)詞，在詞尾直接加“ed”。

work---worked---worked

visit---visited---visited

(2)、以“e”結(jié)尾的動(dòng)詞，只在詞尾加“d”。

live---lived

過(guò)去分詞1、規(guī)則變化（過(guò)去分詞與過(guò)去時(shí)變化規(guī)則一樣）(1)、一般動(dòng)詞6(3)、以“輔音字母+y”結(jié)尾的動(dòng)詞，將“y”變?yōu)椤癷”，再加“ed”。，

study---studied---studied

cry---cried---cried(4)、重讀閉音節(jié)結(jié)尾，末尾只有一個(gè)輔音字母，先雙寫(xiě)該輔音字母，再加“ed”。

stop---stopped---stopped

drop---dropped--dropped

(3)、以“輔音字母+y”結(jié)尾的動(dòng)詞，將“y”變?yōu)?2、不規(guī)則變化have—had—hadam/is—was—beenare—were—beendo—did—donego—went—gonesee—saw—seen2、不規(guī)則變化have—had—had8Presentperfecttense

現(xiàn)在完成時(shí)

構(gòu)成:用法一：表示過(guò)去發(fā)生的某一動(dòng)作對(duì)現(xiàn)在造成的影響或結(jié)果.現(xiàn)在完成時(shí),強(qiáng)調(diào)是過(guò)去動(dòng)作與現(xiàn)在的聯(lián)系,也就是強(qiáng)調(diào)現(xiàn)在的影響和結(jié)果.have/has

+過(guò)去分詞Presentperfecttense現(xiàn)在完成時(shí) 構(gòu)成91.兩個(gè)句子都表示過(guò)去發(fā)生的事；2.現(xiàn)在完成時(shí)強(qiáng)調(diào)過(guò)去和現(xiàn)在的聯(lián)系，不能和具體的時(shí)間狀語(yǔ)連用；3.一般過(guò)去時(shí)強(qiáng)調(diào)過(guò)去發(fā)生的事或狀態(tài),沒(méi)有說(shuō)明與現(xiàn)在的關(guān)系，它與表示過(guò)去的具體時(shí)間連用。（last,ago,yesterday,etc.）presentpastIhavelivedherefortwoyearsIlivedthere2yearsago1.兩個(gè)句子都表示過(guò)去發(fā)生的事；presentpastIh10

現(xiàn)在完成時(shí)和一般過(guò)去時(shí)的區(qū)別：現(xiàn)在完成時(shí):強(qiáng)調(diào)這一動(dòng)作產(chǎn)生的結(jié)果對(duì)現(xiàn)在的影響或結(jié)果，與現(xiàn)在有關(guān)。

一般過(guò)去時(shí):僅表示在過(guò)去某一時(shí)刻曾發(fā)生過(guò)這一動(dòng)作，與現(xiàn)在無(wú)關(guān)。他已學(xué)英語(yǔ)五年了。HehasstudiedEnglishforfiveyears.

他曾學(xué)過(guò)五年英語(yǔ)。HestudiedEnglishforfiveyears.

（說(shuō)明他還會(huì)繼續(xù)學(xué)下去）（只說(shuō)明他過(guò)去學(xué)過(guò)五年英語(yǔ)，但現(xiàn)在不學(xué)了。）現(xiàn)在完成時(shí)和一般過(guò)去時(shí)的區(qū)別：現(xiàn)在完成時(shí):強(qiáng)調(diào)這一動(dòng)作產(chǎn)11I’velivedherefortenyears.我在這里住了10年。(現(xiàn)在仍住這兒)Ilivedherefortenyears.我在這里住過(guò)10年。(現(xiàn)在不住這兒了)Hehasboughtahouse.他買(mǎi)了一棟房子。(現(xiàn)在已擁有這房子)Heboughtahousetenyearsago.他10年前買(mǎi)了一棟房子。(現(xiàn)在是否仍擁有這房子不清楚)I’velivedherefortenyears.12一般過(guò)去時(shí)與現(xiàn)在完成時(shí)有一些明顯的時(shí)間狀語(yǔ)。遇到y(tǒng)esterday,Lastyear,inMay,in+過(guò)去某一年，twodaysago,theotherday,justnow等就用一般過(guò)去時(shí)(表過(guò)去的時(shí)間)當(dāng)有sofar,in/during/overthepast/lastfewdays(在過(guò)去/最近的幾年里)，since接過(guò)去時(shí)間狀語(yǔ)或過(guò)去時(shí)的句子等常用現(xiàn)在完成時(shí)(不能與確定的時(shí)間)一般過(guò)去時(shí)與現(xiàn)在完成時(shí)有一些明顯的時(shí)間狀語(yǔ)。遇到y(tǒng)este13PutthefollowingsentencesintoEnglish.A:火車已經(jīng)開(kāi)走了.B:什么時(shí)候開(kāi)走的?A:半個(gè)小時(shí)之前開(kāi)走的.A:這本書(shū)我已經(jīng)買(mǎi)了兩年了.B:你在哪兒買(mǎi)的?A:在我老家買(mǎi)的.A:你看過(guò)這部電影嗎?B:看過(guò).A:什么時(shí)候看的.B:上周星期天看的.A:Thetrainhasleft.B:Whendiditleave.A:Itlefthalfanhourago.A:haveyouseenthefilm?B:Yes,Ihave.A:Whendidyouseeit?B:IsawitlastSunday.A:I`vehadthebookfortwoyears.B:Wheredidyoubuyit?A:Iboughtitinmyhometown.Putthefollowingsentencesin14現(xiàn)在完成時(shí)不能與表示過(guò)去的時(shí)間狀語(yǔ)連用，常與之連用的時(shí)間狀語(yǔ)有：

before,bynow(sofar),once,twice…,just,recentlyyet(否/疑),already(肯),ever,never,allone’slife,in/during/overthepast/last5years,

現(xiàn)在完成時(shí)不能與表示過(guò)去的時(shí)間狀語(yǔ)連用，常與之連用的時(shí)間狀語(yǔ)15（1）already肯定句:“己經(jīng)”一般疑問(wèn)句:句末(表示驚訝的語(yǔ)氣)“難道”

Haveyouhadbreakfastalready？

(表示強(qiáng)調(diào))I’vealreadyhadbreakfast.(常見(jiàn))=I’vehadbreakfastalready.

（1）already肯定句:“己經(jīng)”一般疑問(wèn)句:句末(表16注:

有already的句子在時(shí)態(tài)上并不都是現(xiàn)在完成時(shí),判斷時(shí)要看該詞后是否有動(dòng)詞的過(guò)去分詞.Eg.She’salreadyeightyyearsold.Itwasalreadyverylate.注:有already的句子在時(shí)態(tài)上并不都是現(xiàn)在完成時(shí),判斷17(2)yet否定句:句末“還(沒(méi))”疑問(wèn)句:句末“己經(jīng)”Haveyouhadbreakfastyet?Ihaven’thadbreakfastyet.(2)yet否定句:句末“還(沒(méi))”疑問(wèn)句:句末“己18注意：當(dāng)在肯定句中含already或just，變否定時(shí)，在句末加yet。Ihaven’tseenthefilmyet.●

Motherhasjustcleanedthehouse.Motherhasn’tcleanedthehouseyet.●

Ihavealreadyseenthefilm.注意：當(dāng)在肯定句中含already或just，變否定時(shí)，在句19

(3)ever肯定句/疑問(wèn)句

:句中“曾經(jīng)”

I’veeverbeentoBeijing. HaveyoueverbeentoBeijing?

(3)ever肯定句/疑問(wèn)句:句中“曾經(jīng)” I’20(4)never否定句:句中“從來(lái)沒(méi)有”

I’veneverbeentoBeijing.(4)never否定句:句中“從來(lái)沒(méi)有”21注:帶ever的肯定句變否定句時(shí),將ever變neverHehasevermademeal.Havetheyevertravelledbytrain?No,never.Hehasnevermademeal.帶ever的一般疑問(wèn)句作否定回答時(shí)可用“No,never.”注:帶ever的肯定句變否定句時(shí),將ever變never22(5)just用于句中,表示“剛剛”I’vejusthadbreakfast.Whathavetheyjustdone?(5)just用于句中,表示“剛剛”23(6)before用于句末,表示“以前”

I’veseenitbefore. Hassheriddenabikebefore?(6)before用于句末,表示“以前”24Exercises

1.I________(have)lunchalready.2.Hasthetrain_______(arrive),yet?3.Tome____never_______(beto)China.4.Thetwin______just_____(see)myfather.5.Thetwins____(see)myfatherjustnow.6.Manytallbuildings____________(build)inthepast5years.havehadarrivedhasbeentohasseensawhavebeenbuiltExercises

1.I________(have)25用法二：

E.g.Katehaslivedherefor3years.Katehaslivedheresince3yearsago.KatehaslivedheresinceshecametoChina.表示過(guò)去所發(fā)生的動(dòng)作或存在的狀態(tài)，一直持續(xù)到現(xiàn)在并可能還將持續(xù)下去。動(dòng)詞使用延續(xù)性動(dòng)詞。常與for或since引導(dǎo)的時(shí)間連用用法二：表示過(guò)去所發(fā)生的動(dòng)作或存在的狀態(tài)，一直持續(xù)到現(xiàn)在并可26since:(自…以來(lái))1)since+時(shí)間點(diǎn)He

has

stayed

here

since

5

o’clock.2)since+時(shí)間段+agoHe

has

stayed

here

since

5

hours

ago.3)since+從句（句中的謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞為過(guò)去式）She

has

taught

English

since

he

came

here.

for:(長(zhǎng)達(dá)）for+時(shí)間段Hehaskeptthebookfor2weeks.since,for的用法:

Takenotes

since:(自…以來(lái))since,for的用法:27注意:對(duì)for或since引導(dǎo)的時(shí)間狀語(yǔ)提問(wèn)必須用___________1.Ihavelivedherefor10years.Howlonghaveyoulivedhere?2.Shehasstoodheresince2hoursago.Howlonghasshestoodhere?

howlong

注意:對(duì)for或since引導(dǎo)的時(shí)間狀語(yǔ)提問(wèn)必須用___28

選用for和since填空:1.Wehaven’tseeneachother______alongtime.2.HisfatherhasbeenintheParty______10yearsago.3.Thefilmhasbeenon______20minutes.4.MrGreenhasworkedhere______hecametoChina.5.Hisgrandpahasbeendead______severalyears.forsinceforsinceforforsinceforsincefor296.Mr.BrownhashadhisTV______15years.7.I’vetakendrivinglessons_______lastmonth.8.Mysisterhashadhercellphone______amonth.9.Myfriendshaven’tvisitedme______mybirthday.10.Wehaven’tusedourcar_____alongtime.11.Shehasn’thadagoodcupofcoffee_____years.12.Tomhaswornglasses_______hewas7yearsold.forsinceforsinceforforsince6.Mr.BrownhashadhisTV_30注意:瞬間動(dòng)詞不能和時(shí)間段連用.

瞬間動(dòng)詞joinbegin/startborrowfinish/endarrive/comeleavediebuy··········注意注意:瞬間動(dòng)詞不能和時(shí)間段連用.瞬間動(dòng)詞joinbeg31重點(diǎn)句型:

Itis/hasbeen+段時(shí)間+since從句

段時(shí)間+haspassed+since從句

eg.他死了兩年了：Hediedtwoyearsago.Hehasbeendeadfortwoyears/sincetwoyearsagoItis/hasbeentwoyearssincehedied.Twoyearshaspassedsincehedied.

重點(diǎn)句型:

Itis/hasbeen+段時(shí)間32

這本書(shū)我借了一個(gè)月了。Iborrowedthisbookamonthago.Itis/hasbeenamonthsinceIborrowedthebook.Ihavekeptthebookforamonth./sinceamonthago.AmonthhaspassedsinceIborrowedthebook.這本書(shū)我借了一個(gè)月了。Iborrowedthisbo33用法三：havebeento曾經(jīng)去過(guò)某地（已返回）havegoneto去了某地（還沒(méi)有回來(lái)）A

B

A

B巧記：beento，goneto意不同，兩者用法要記清；

havebeento+地名，曾經(jīng)到過(guò)某地行；

havegoneto+地點(diǎn)，到某地去了已走遠(yuǎn)。

havebeenin+地點(diǎn)，在某地呆多久。用法三：ABAB巧記：beento，go34canyoudistinguish?have/hasbeento

have/hasgoneto

have/hasbeenin

1.Bill____________London,hewillcomebacktomorrow.

2.A:Wherearethetwins?B:They____________thecinema.3.I_______________Paristwice.He

never

there.4.A:

youever_________America?B:No,never.5.A:Howlong

you________China?B:Foroneyear.6.HeleftforEnglandtwodaysago.He___________therefortwodays.hasgoneto

havegoneto

havebeento

beento

beenin

hasbeen

havehasbeenHavecanyoudistinguish?have/has35用have/hasbeento,have/hasgoneto填空：1.—Whereisyourbrother?—He____________theshop.He’llbebacksoon.2.—______youever_________toAmerica?—Yes,I___________NewYorktwice.3.—Hereyouareatlast!Where_____you_____?—I_____________London.4.—David_____________Australia.—I’msurehe’salreadyarrived.5.—IsBennyhere?—No,he__________theschoollibrary.Heleftfiveminutesago.hasgonetoHavebeentohavebeentohavebeenhavebeentohasgonetohasgoneto用have/hasbeento,have/hasgo36典型例題

(1)---Doyouknowourtownatall?

---No,thisisthefirsttimeI___here.

A.was

B.havebeen

C.came

D.amcoming

(2)---Haveyou____beentoourtownbefore?

---No,it‘sthefirsttimeI___here.

A.even,come

B.even,havecome

C.ever,come

D.ever,havecome

DB典型例題

(1)---Doyouknowourto37

當(dāng)堂檢測(cè)一、句式變換：（5分,每空1分）1.JackhasvisitedChinabefore.(改為否定句）

Jack

visitedChinabefore.2.Theyhavecomeintotheclassroom.(改為一般疑問(wèn)句）

comeintotheclassroom?3.Hehasbeenherefor12years.(劃線提問(wèn)）

hashebeenhere?hasn’tHavethey

Howlonghasn’tHave381、Hehasneversurfed,

?（改成反意疑問(wèn)句）2、Theyhavebeenheresince2000.(對(duì)劃線部分提問(wèn))

havetheybeenhere?3、Theoldman_________lastyear.He

_____________forayear.(die)（動(dòng)詞填空）

hasheHowlongdiedhasbeendead1、Hehasneversurfed,39Correcting

1.Ihaveborrowedthebookfor3months.2.Mybotherhasjoinedthearmysincehewas18.3.JackandTomhavelivedheresince5years.4.ThefilmhasbeenonsinceIhavecometothecinema.5.WhenhasMr.Licaughtabadcold?

havekepthasbeenin/beenamemberofthearmysince5yearsago/for5yearscamedidcatchCorrecting1.Ihaveborrowed406.Tenyearshavepassedsincetheygotmarried.7.JimhasgonetoBeijingfor2years.8.Whattimehavethefactoryopened?9.IhavegonetoChunhuaMiddleSchooltwice.hashasbeenindidopenbeento6.Tenyearshavepassedsince41Exercises()1.You’veneverseensuchawonderfulfilmbefore,_______?A.haven’tyouB.haveyouC.doyouD.don’tyou()2.—Ihavewatchedthegame.—When____you____it?A.have;watchedB.do;watchC.did;watchD.will;watch()3.Mr.Green____inChinasincefiveyearsago.A.livedB.haslivedC.livesD.isgoingtolive()4.Hisgrandma______fortwoyears.A.diedB.hasdiedC.wasdeadD.hasbeendeadBCBDExercises()1.You’venev42()5.–WhereisHanMeinow?

－She____toShanghai.Shewillbebackintwodays.A.hasgoneB.hasbeenC.goesD.hadgone()6.－_____you____totheUnitedStated?

－No,never,butIwenttoCanadaafewyearsagoA.Have;beenB.Have;goneC.Did;goD.Do;go()7.Youhaven’tchangedyourmind,_______?A.doyouB.areyouC.haveyouD.didyou()8.Howlonghaveyou_____thefootballteamoftheschool?A.playedB.beenatC.joinedDbeenonAACD()5.–WhereisHanMei43()9.—Wherehaveyou_____thesedays?—Ihave_____toKunmingwithmyfriends.Abeen,goneBbeen,beenCgone,beenDgone,gone()10.Howlonghaveyou____thisbook?A.boughtB.borrowedC.hadD.lent()11.—Excuseme,____youseenthefilmyet?—Yes,I_____itlastnight.Ahave,seeBhave,haveseenChave,seenDhave,saw()12.Hehasneverriddenahorsebefore,_____?A.isheB.isn’theC.hasn’theD.hasheBCDD()9.—Wherehaveyou__441、Bothhisparentslooksad.Maybethey_________what'shappenedtohim.Ａ.knewＢ.haveknownＣ.mustknowＤ.willknow2、Hehas_______beentoShanghai,hashe?Ａ.alreadyＢ.neverＣ.everＤ.still3、HaveyoumetMrLi______？Ａ.justＢ.agoＣ.beforeＤ.amomentago4、Thefamouswriter_____onenewbookinthepasttwoyear.Ａ.iswritingＢ.waswritingＣ.wroteＤ.haswritten

BBCD1、Bothhisparentslooksa455、—Ourcountry______alotsofar.

—Yes.Ihopeitwillbeeven______.Ａ.haschanged;wellＢ.changed;goodＣ.haschanged;betterＤ.changed;better6、ZhaoLan______already______inthisschoolfortwoyears.Ａ.was;studyingＢ.will;studyＣ.has;studiedＤ.are;studying7、We______XiaoLisinceshewasalittlegirl.Ａ.knowＢ.hadknownＣ.haveknownＤ.knew8、HarryPotterisaverynicefilm.I_______ittwice.Ａ.willseeＢ.haveseenＣ.sawＤ.see

CCCB5、—Ourcountry______alots469、—ThesefarmershavebeentotheUnitedStates.

—Really?When_____there?Ａ.willtheygoＢ.didtheygoＣ.dotheygoＤ.havetheygone10、—______you___yourhomeworkyet?

—Yes.I_____itamomentago.Ａ.Did;do;finishedＢ.Have;done;finishedＣ.Have;done;havefinishedＤ.will;do;finish11、Hisfather______thePartysince1978.Ａ.joinedＢ.hasjoinedＣ.wasinＤ.hasbeenin

12、—Doyouknowhimwell?

—Sure.We_________friendssincetenyearsago.Ａ.wereＢ.havebeenＣ.havebecomeＤ.havemade

BBDB9、—Thesefarmershavebeen47

13、—Howlonghaveyou____here?

—Abouttwomonths.Ａ.beenＢ.goneＣ.comeＤ.arrived14、Hurryup!Theplay_______fortenminutes.Ａ.hasbegunＢ.hadbegunＣ.hasbeenonＤ.began15、It_____tenyearssinceheleftthearmy.Ａ.isＢ.hasＣ.willＤ.was16、MissGreenisn'tintheoffice.she_______tothelibrary.Ａ.hasgoneＢ.wentＣ.willgoＤ.hasbeen

ACAA13、—Howlonghaveyou____h48

17、Myparents______Shandongfortenyears.Ａ.havebeeninＢ.havebeentoＣ.havegonetoＤ.havebeen18、Thestudentshavecleanedtheclassroom,

?A.sotheyB.don’ttheyC.havetheyD.haven’tthey19、

hasMrWhitebeenamemberofGreenerChinasincehe

toChina?A.Howsoon,comesB.Howoften,gotC.Howlong,cameD.Howfar,arrived20、Hisuncle

formorethan9years.A.hascomehereB.hasstartedtoworkC.haslivedthereD.haslefttheuniversity

ADCC17、Myparents______Shando49A）用have(has)been或have(has)gone填空。A:Where____________LiFei___________?B:He____________toHainanIsland.A:Howlong___________he___________there?B:He_____________thereforthreedays.A:Whenwillhecomeback,doyouknow?B:I’mafraidhewon’tcomeback