北京市東城區(qū)2022-2023學年高一上學期期末統(tǒng)一檢測英語試卷2

東城區(qū)2022—2023學年度第一學期期末統(tǒng)一檢測高一英語本試卷共10頁，共100分?？荚嚂r長90分鐘?？忌鷦毡貙⒋鸢复鹪诖痤}卡上，在試卷上作答無效。考試結束后，將本試卷和答題卡一并交回。第一部分知識運用(共兩節(jié)，共25分)第一節(jié)完形填空(共10小題;每小題1分，共10分)閱讀下面短文，掌握其大意，從每題所給的A、B、C、D四個選項中，選出最佳選項，并在答題卡上將該項涂黑。MyfamilymovedtoPerth,AustraliawhenIwassix.Onthefirstdayofschool,Iwas___1___becauseIcouldn’tevensayhelloinEnglish.ThenImetNatsumi.HerfamilyhadjustmovedtoAustraliafromJapan.UnabletospeakawordofEnglish,wecouldonly___2___throughbodylanguage,butthisdidnotstopusfrombecomingfast___3___.MymumhasaclearmemoryofonecartripwhenNatsumiandIweresittinginthebackseat,laughingandtalkingtoeachotherinbrokenEnglish,ItwasthefirsttimeIhadfelt___4___enoughtospeakthefewwordsIhadlearnedthroughouttheyear.Unfortunately,attheendofthatyear,Natsumi’sfamilymovedtoQueenslandandminetoNewSouthWales.Welost___5___.Yearslater,Iwentintotrainingasateacher,teachingEnglishtonewly-arrivedstudentsandadults.ManyofmystudentswereJapanese,which___6___meofNatsumi.ThoughIhadlongbeenlookingforher,mysearcheshadsofarlednowhere.OnavisittoJapanin2018,I___7___again.Havingspentalongnightonline,IcameacrosssomeonenamedNatsumi.Tryingmyluck,Isentheramessage.Thenextday,therewasa___8___:“Gabi?GabifromPerth?”Weagreedonadateandmetupfordinner.Seeingheragainwas___9___.However,thistime,wewerenotonlyabletocommunicatewithoneanotherinEnglish,but____10____so.1.A.angry B.frightened C.excited D.curious2A.explore B.improve C.study D.communicate3.A.friends B.roommates C.advisers D.travellers4.A.shocked B.confident C.upset D.calm5.A.heart B.hope C.interest D.touch6.A.warned B.reminded C.informed D.freed7.A.applied B.tracked C.tried D.failed8.A.reply B.tip C.contact D.sign9.A.awkward B.impossible C.attractive D.unbelievable10.A.honestly B.peacefully C.fluently D.politely第二節(jié)語法填空(共10小題;每小題分，共15分)A閱讀下面短文，根據(jù)短文內容填空。在未給提示詞的空白處僅填寫1個適當?shù)膯卧~，在給出提示詞的空白處用括號內所給詞的正確形式填空。Goingfromjuniorhighschooltoseniorhighschoolisareallybigchallenge.Thefirstweekwasalittle____11____(confuse).First,IhadtothinkverycarefullyaboutwhichcoursesIwantedtotake.Theschooladviserhelpedmechoosethesuitableones:maths,English,chemistry,worldhistory,andChinese.IknowthatChineseisaverydifficultlanguage,____12____IhopetobefluentwhenIgraduate.MyadviserrecommendedthatIshouldsignupforadvancedliterature____13____IlikeEnglishandI’mgoodatit.B閱讀下面短文，根據(jù)短文內容填空。在未給提示詞的空白處僅填寫1個適當?shù)膯卧~，在給出提示詞的空白處用括號內所給詞的正確形式填空。WhenMichaelJordan’sfeetlefttheground,timeseemedtostandstill.Theplayer____14____becameknownas“AirJordan”changedbasketballwithhisgracefulmovesandjumps.Jordan’s____15____(skill)wereimpressive,butthementalstrengththatheshowedmadehimunique.Inthefinalsecondsofagame,Jordanalwaysseemedtofindawaytowin.Jordansaysthatthesecrettohissuccessislearning____16____hisfailures.Losinggamestaughthimtopracticeharderandnevergiveup.C閱讀下面短文，根據(jù)短文內容填空。在未給提示詞的空白處僅填寫1個適當?shù)膯卧~，在給出提示詞的空白處用括號內所給詞的正確形式填空。HurricaneIan,apowerfulstorm____17____hitCubaearlierthisweek,grewtoastrongstormbeforemakinglandfallonFlorida’swestcoast.Atleast125people,including120inFloridaand5inNorthCarolina,____18____(die)sincethedisasterhappened.Lastweek,IansweptsouthwesternFlorida,bringingheavyrainsanddangerousflooding.NinetypercentofFortMyersBeach____19____(destroy)byit.Rightnowrescueworkers____20____(work)harddayandnighttomakesurepeoplearesafe.第二部分閱讀理解(共兩節(jié)，共28分)第一節(jié)(共9小題;每小題2分，共18分)閱讀下列短文，從每題所給的A、B、C、D四個選項中選出最佳選項，并在答題卡上將該項涂黑。ATheLongjiRiceTerracesDayTourOverviewPrice:US.$128PerPersonTime:EveryDayat8:00amDuration:9hoursHighlights—PrivateGuidedTourforphotographylovers—Exploretheextremelyattractivericeterraces—ExperiencetheuniquecustomsandlifestyleoflocalZhuangvillageDescriptionTheLongjiRiceTerracesarethemostamazingterracesinChina.Withahistoryofaround700years,theLongjiRiceTerracesshowboththegreatwisdomandphysicaleffortsoftheZhuangpeople.ItineraryAt8:00am,yourtourguideanddriverwillpickyouupfromyourhotelinGuilinandtransportyoutotheamazingLongjiTerraces.(*Touristsstayingoutsideofthecitycenterneedtopayanextrafee.)Afteratwo-hourdrive,youwillreachtheentrancetotheLongjiTerraces,whereyouwilltakeaneco-sightseeingbustoPing’anVillage.Thenthetourguidewillshowyouaroundthevillage.Lunchisonyourown.Yourexpertguidecangiveyousomeadviceonthefoodchoicesinthevillage.Afterashortlunchbreak,walkfor20minutestoNo.2ViewingPlatform,aperfectplaceforawonderfulviewoftheterracesbeneath.Youwillhaveenoughtimetotakepicturesandenjoythefreshair.Otherservices

Hotelpick-upanddrop-off

PrivateEnglish-speakingguide

Privatedriver&air-conditionedvehicle

Entrancefeestotouristsites21.Thetourissuitableforpeoplewholike______.A.localfood B.studyinghistoryCtakingphotos D.cityadventures22.Whatinformationcantravellersgetfromtheitinerary?A.Thetourlasts2hours. B.Lunchisincludedintheprice.C.Transporttoriceterracesisfree. D.No.2ViewingPlatformisamust-go.23.Thepurposeofthepassageisto______.A.giveadviceonhiking B.promoteapackagetourC.introduceatouristattraction D.providegeographicinformationBTheolderyouget,themoredifficultitistolearnanewlanguage.Butnooneknowsexactlywhatthecutoffpointis—atwhatageitbecomesharder.Inoneofthelargeststudies,researchersfromBoston-baseduniversitiesfoundthatchildrenaregoodatlearningasecondlanguageupuntiltheageof18,about10yearslaterthanearlierthought.Butthestudyalsoshowedthatitisbesttostartbyage10ifyouwanttoachievethegrammaticalfluencyofanativespeaker.Tosolvethisproblem,theresearchteamcollecteddataonaperson’sage,languagelevelandtimestudyingEnglish.Theycreatedashortonlinegrammarquizcalled“WhichEnglish?”thattestednoun-verbagreement,pronouns,prepositionsandrelativeclauses,amongotherlinguisticelements.Theywantedtofindoutwhenthe“criticalperiod”forachievingthehighestlevelsofgrammaticalfluencyends.Basedonpeople’sgrammarscoresandinformationabouttheirlearningofEnglish,theresearchersdevelopedmodelstofindouthowlongittakestobecomefluentinalanguageandthebestagetostartlearning.Theyconcludedthattheabilitytolearnanewlanguage,atleastgrammatically,isstrongestuntiltheageof18.Tobecomecompletelyfluent,however,learningshouldstartbeforetheageof10.Therearethreemainideasastowhylanguage-learningabilityfallsat18:socialchanges,interference(干擾)fromone’sprimarylanguageandcontinuingbraindevelopment.At18,kidstypicallygraduatefromhighschoolandstartcollegeorentertheworkforcefull-time.Oncetheydo,theymaynolongerhavethetime,opportunitytostudyasecondlanguage.Oritispossiblethatafteronemastersafirstlanguage,itsrulesinterferewiththeabilitytolearnasecondlanguage.Finally,changesinthebrainthatcontinueduringthelateteensandearly20smaysomehowmakelearningharder.Thisisnottosaythatwecannotlearnanewlanguageifweareover20.Therearemanyexamplesofpeoplewhopickupalanguagelaterinlife.AlthoughthestudywasconductedonlyinEnglish,theresearchersbelievethefindingswilltransfertootherlanguagesandtheyaredevelopingsimilartestsforSpanishandMandarin.24.InParagraph2,“thisproblem”refersto______.A.atwhatagepeoplecandothequizB.howpeopleimprovetheirlanguageskillsC.whypeoplefindithardtomastergrammarrulesD.inwhatperiodpeoplecanlearnanewlanguagewell25.Whydoespeople’slanguage-learningabilityfallat18?A.Becausetheyhavenogoodlearningenvironment.B.Becausetheyarebusydevelopingotherlifeskills.C.Becausetheyneedn’timprovethelanguageability.D.Becausetheyfocusmoreontheirprimarylanguage.26.Whydoestheauthorwritethepassage?A.Toexplainafinding. B.Toprovideasolution.CToleadadiscussion. D.Tosupportanopinion.CAbout6millionto12millioncreaturesaredissected(解剖)inU.S.classroomseveryyear,accordingtotheNationalAnti-VivisectionSociety,ananimalrightsgroup.Whilemanystudentseagerlylookforwardtothechancetoexaminerealanimalsupclose,otherssaythatthere’snoeducationalvalueincuttingintoanimals’bodies.Shouldstudentsdissectrealanimals?DavidEvansthedirectoroftheNationalScienceTeachersAssociation,arguesthatstudentsshouldbegiventhechancetodissectanimalsintheclassroom.Studentslearnbestinahands-onenvironmentwheretheycanworktogethertoexploreanddiscover.Interactingwithorganisms(生物)isaneffectivewaytohelpstudentsdevelopskillsofobservationandcomparisonandlearntheuniquestructures(結構)andprocessesoforganisms.Asgoodasmanymodelsorsimulationsmightbe,theyareverydifferentfromrealorganisms.Andhebelievestheyfallshortofproducingtherespectforlivingthingsthatcomesfromtheactualdissectionexperience.JonathanBalcombe,abiologistandalife-longanimalrightssupporter,says,“Ispentmanyyearsasabiologylabteacher.IrememberthehorriblefeelingIhadwhenitcametimeformyclasstodissectanimals.Thelessonrequiredthatstudentscutopenandexaminedeadfrogs,fetalpigs,sparrows,andothercreatures.Ifeltpityfortheseanimals,whoprobablysufferedbeforebeingkilled.AndIknewtheirpaincouldhavebeenavoided.Ifstudentsandteacherssawhowtheseanimalstypicallyendupontheirdesks,Ibelievethatdissectionswouldsoonstop.”Hepointsouttherearemanyeffectivechoicesforlearninganimaldissectionandphysiology,including3-Dmodels,videos,andcomputersoftware.HundredsofprogramsarefreethroughlendingserviceslikeTheScienceBank.Thesimulateddissectionscanberepeated,andtheprogramsprovidefeedback.Severalstudieshaveshownthatcomputermodelsandotherchoicesteachstudentsjustaswellasorbetterthantraditionalanimaldissection.I’mnotsurprisedthatnostaterequiresdissectiontograduatefromhighschool,andnocollegeoruniversitydemandsitaspartoftheadmissionsprocess.Infact,lawsin18U.S.statesandWashington,D.C.supportastudent’srighttouseotherchoices.However,dissectioncouldhavealegalplaceineducationiftheanimalsdidnotsufferandwerenotintentionallykilled.Forexample,someschoolshavestudentsdissectanimalsthat“wereputtosleep”formedicalreasonsandwhosebodiesweredonatedtoscience.27.WhichofthefollowingmayEvansagreewith?A.Modelsareaseffectiveasactualdissections.B.Studentsareshortofchancestodissectanimals.C.Dissectinganimalshelpspeoplerespectcreatures.D.Studentsbenefitmuchmorewhenlearningingroups.28.WhatdoweknowaboutBalcombe’sviewondissectinganimals?A.Itcausespaintoanimals.B.Itadvancesmedicineresearch.C.Itshouldbemoreeducational.D.Itshouldbeputinschoolprograms.29.Whatisthepassagemainlyabout?A.Thenatureofdissection.B.Thenecessityofdissection.C.Theresultofdissectinganimals.D.Theresearchondissectedanimals.第二節(jié)(共5小題;每小題2分，共10分)根據(jù)短文內容，從短文后的七個選項中選出能填入空白處的最佳選項。選項中有兩項為多余選項。KeepSightofDryEyeDoyoureyesfeeluncomfortableordry?Ifso,youmighthavedryeyesyndrome(綜合征).____30____Itcanaffecttheenjoymentofsocialactivitiesandyourabilitytofocusonyourstudies.Butsolutionsfordryeyesdoexist,soreadon.Inthepast,dryeyesyndromewasmainlyaconditionexperiencedbyolderadults,butitnowaffectsmanyyoungpeopleaswell.Dryeyeoftenresultsfromoveruseofcomputersorsmartphones,whichcausestheusertoblink(眨眼)less.Sinceblinkinghelpskeepoureyeswet,alack(缺少)ofitcanleadtodryeye.____31____Asaresult,thosewhospendalotoftimeindoorsareparticularlyatrisk.Finally,wearingamedicalmaskcancausedryeye,sincebreathingwithamaskoncanforceairoutthroughthetopofthemaskandintooureyes.____32____Thefirststeptowardpreventioniscleanliness.Whenyouwashyourface,cleanyoureyeswithamildsoap.Then,coveryoureyeswithawarm,wetcloth.Preventingdryeyealsomeansavoidingtirednessintheeyes,sotakefrequentbreakswhenusingyourcomputer.Whileyou’reonacomputerbreak,focusonblinking,makingsurethatyoucloseyoureyesfullyoneachblink.____33____Anotherwaytopreventdryeyeistodrinkmorewater.Forgoodoverallhealth,expertsadvisedrinking8to10glassesofwaterperday,whichwillincreasetearproduction.Ifyousufferfromdryeyesyndrome,thesestepscangoalongwaytowardmakingyoureyesfeelbetter.However,iftheproblemdoesn’tgoaway,thenit’stimetoseeadoctor.____34____A.Afterall,yourhealthisworthkeepinganeyeon.B.Blinkingcanhelpprotectthesurfaceofyoureyes.C.Thishappenswhenyoudon’tproduceenoughtears.D.Air-conditioningandfansalsocontributetodryeye.E.Limitscreentimeandtakebreaksfromstaringatscreens.F.Treatmentsfordryeyescanincludeeyeexercisesandeyedrops.G.Allittakesisafewlifestylechangestopreventandtreatdryeyesyndrome.第三部分(共三節(jié)，共47分)第一節(jié)選詞填空(共15小題;每小題1分，共15分)A請用方框中的單詞完成句子。strategydemandmajorrescueobviously35.Sugarisa______causeoftoothache.36.Theboywasintearsand______veryupset.37.Thesesports______bothspeedandstrength.38.Theladywastryingto______hersonfromthefire.39.Wemustdevelopa______todealwiththeproblem.B請用方框中的短語完成句子。addictedtoapplyforlookingforwardtoinruinstakecontrolof40.Mikeis______computergames.41.Aftertheearthquake,thewholecitywas______.42.Wearereally______seeingyouagain.43.Studentsareencouragedto______theirownlearning.44.KateisplanningtogotoIcelandforholiday.Shewill______avisasoon.C請用方框中單詞的正確形式完成句子。injurearrangeconfidentpowercreate45.Haveyoumadeallyourtravel______?46.Twoplayersareoutoftheteambecauseof______.47.That______inventordesignedanewkindofmachine.48.IfeltIwasdoingwellandmy______begantogrow.49.Anathleteshouldhavea______bodyandastrongmind.第二節(jié)閱讀表達(共4小題;第50、51題各2分，第52題3分，第53題5分，共12分)閱讀下面短文，根據(jù)題目要求回答問題。Weareallfacedwithchallengesinourlives.Mostpeoplehaveahardtimeacceptinganddealingwiththem.Thetruthisthatyouwillhavetodealwithdifficultproblemsthroughoutyourlife.Herearesometipsonhowtodealwitheverydaychallenges.1.Don’tcompareyourlifestylewithothers.Itisreallydifficultnottocompareourselveswithothers;however,themoreoftenwedothat,themoredissatisfiedwewillfeel.Therewillbepeoplethatmayhaveaccomplishedmorethanyou.Thekeythingtorememberisthatyoucreateyourownstoryandsuccessinlife.2.Don’tblameothers.Manypeoplemakeahabitofblamingothersforalltheirproblems.Theyfailtotakefullresponsibilityforthedecisionstheyhavemadeinlife.Themoreyoublameothersforthechallengesyouarefacedwith,themoreyouwillmakepeopledislikeyouandnotwanttobearoundyou.Thefirstthingyouwanttodowhenfacedwithapersonalchallengeisnottostartpointingfingersatothers.3.Acceptchangesinyourlife.Youwillhavetodealwithchangesinlifeallthetime.Manypeopledon’tlikechangebecauseitgetsthemoutsideoftheircomfortzone.Youmaybeunhappyorhappyatcertaintimes;however,youhavetorealizethatthosetwofeelingswillnotlastforever.Youhavetoalwaystrainyourmindtobeatpeacedespitetheemotionalstateyouareexperiencing.4.Don’tthinktoomuch.Whenyouthinktoomuchaboutaneven