Unit+3+The+World+of+Science+Using+language+Present+perfect+passive+課件-【知識(shí)精講精研】高中英語(yǔ)外研版（2019）必修第三冊(cè)

..Unit3:TheworldofscienceUsingLanguage:Presentperfectpassive

Attheendoftheclass,you’llbeableto:1.LearntoidentifyPresentperfectpassive.2.UnderstandthebasicknowledgeaboutPresentperfectpassive.3.Writesentencesusingthepassive.Lead-in3DLaserPrintervirtualrealitywearabletech.Richard’snewbookTheNewAgeofInvention

(publish).Nowdays,importantadvances

(make)inmedicineandenvironmentalsciencethankstoincreasingcomputerpower.Newinventionslike3Dprinters

usetomakereplacementheartsandboneparts.Asforthetimemachine,Richardthinksnothinglikethis_______________(invent)yet..

Fillintheblanksaccordingtotheinterview.hasbeeninventedhavebeenusedhavebeenmadehasjustbeenpublishedLead-inWhatistheircommonstructure?.Areyoufamiliarwiththesesounds?Lead-inYouhavebeenslain.Anallyhasbeenslain.slay--slew/slayed--slain/slayed擊殺Presentperfectpassive現(xiàn)在完成時(shí)的被動(dòng)語(yǔ)態(tài)done.Whatisthetensemadeupof?

have/has

been

done

have/has

done

bePresent

perfectPassivevoicePresent

perfectpassiveIdentifythetense.Understandthetense1.Someonehasasked“you”aboutthetitleofyourbookbefore.2.Peoplehaveused3Dprinterstomakereplacementheartsandboneparts.Presentperfectpassive.Understandthetense3.Whatisthedifferencebetweenthetwogroupsofsentences?4.Whydoestheauthorchoosetousethepassiveforminsteadoftheactiveforminthereadingpassage?passiveformactiveformToemphasisewhathasbeendone,ratherthanwhoorwhatdoestheaction.PresentperfectpassiveUnderstandthetenseWhentousethePresentperfectpassive?1.不知道或者沒(méi)有必要說(shuō)明動(dòng)作的執(zhí)行者是誰(shuí)；

Suchbookshavebeenwrittenforchildren.

2.

強(qiáng)調(diào)動(dòng)作的承受者，而不是動(dòng)作的執(zhí)行者；

Alltheproductshavebeentested.3.動(dòng)作的執(zhí)行者很模糊;

Theletterhasbeenopened.4.有時(shí)候?yàn)榱硕Y貌的需要，避免說(shuō)出動(dòng)作的執(zhí)行者。

Theyhavebeentoldmanytimesnottomakenoises.（已經(jīng)為兒童編寫(xiě)這類(lèi)圖書(shū)了。）（這些產(chǎn)品都經(jīng)過(guò)測(cè)試了。）（這封信被人拆開(kāi)了。）（已經(jīng)有人多次跟他們說(shuō)別那么大聲了。）PresentperfectpassiveUnderstandthetenseHowtousethePresentperfectpassive?Presentperfectpassive1．表示被動(dòng)的動(dòng)作在說(shuō)話之前已經(jīng)完成，強(qiáng)調(diào)過(guò)去的動(dòng)作對(duì)現(xiàn)在造成的影響或產(chǎn)生的結(jié)果，通常與already，yet，never，recently等副詞及時(shí)間狀語(yǔ)sofar，bynow，uptill/tonow，since等連用。Thedatabase

hasalreadybeenupdated.數(shù)據(jù)庫(kù)已經(jīng)被更新了。(現(xiàn)在可以使用新的數(shù)據(jù)庫(kù)了)2．表示一個(gè)被動(dòng)的動(dòng)作或狀態(tài)從過(guò)去開(kāi)始一直持續(xù)到現(xiàn)在，并可能繼續(xù)持續(xù)下去，常與for或since等引出的時(shí)間狀語(yǔ)(從句)連用，或用于how

long引出的句子中。Themachinehasbeenrepairedfortwohours.這臺(tái)機(jī)器已經(jīng)被修了兩個(gè)小時(shí)了。(可能還會(huì)繼續(xù)被修)3．用在條件狀語(yǔ)從句中，表示將來(lái)某時(shí)已經(jīng)完成的動(dòng)作。Youshouldn’tleaveschoolbefore

yourhomeworkhasbeenfinished.在你的作業(yè)沒(méi)完成之前你不應(yīng)該離開(kāi)學(xué)校。UnderstandthetenseHowtousethePresentperfectpassive?Presentperfectpassive4．不及物動(dòng)詞（詞組）如happen,takeplace,die,appear沒(méi)有被動(dòng)語(yǔ)態(tài)，而不及物動(dòng)詞加介詞或者副詞構(gòu)成的短語(yǔ)，相當(dāng)于及物動(dòng)詞，可以用于被動(dòng)語(yǔ)態(tài)。注意介詞和副詞不能丟掉。

ThechildhasbeentakengoodcareofbyGrandmaWangalltheseyears.孩子們這些年被王奶奶照顧得很好。5.非持續(xù)性動(dòng)詞，如come,go,start,begin,leave,arrive,reach,get,marry,die等現(xiàn)在完成時(shí)的被動(dòng)語(yǔ)態(tài)不能和表示一段時(shí)間的狀語(yǔ)連用。若要表達(dá)相應(yīng)意思，需改變動(dòng)詞或時(shí)態(tài)。(1)Thenewcarhasbeenkeptforamonth.(buy)(2)Howlonghasthemeetingbeenon?(begin)Thisdictionaryhasnotbeenborrowedsincelastweek.但這類(lèi)動(dòng)詞的否定式可表示動(dòng)作的持續(xù)過(guò)程，可與since或for構(gòu)成的時(shí)間狀語(yǔ)連用。PracticethetensePresentperfectpassivePracticethetenseManythingsinourliveshavebeenaffected.3D-printedhamburgershavebeenservedtocustomersbysomerestaurantsinLondon.Butperhapsthemostsignificantsuccessthathavebeenachievedtodateisinmachine.Humanbodypartshavebeenmade,includingabeatingheat,with3Dprintingtechnology.anew3D-printedshellhasbeengiventoaturtleinjuredinaforestfire!PresentperfectpassivePracticethetenseImagineyouareDrMoore.Lookatthepicturesandtellthepoliceaboutthedamageandlosstoyourlab.

Usethepresentperfectpassivewhereappropriate.PresentperfectpassivePracticethetensePresentperfectpassive

Inthemorning,whenIwentintomylab,Ifeltextremelysurprised.Whatamessitisnow!Mylab

_____________(break)

into.Theonlyrobotatthedoor

_____________

(push)downintopieces.Thedoorofthecupboardwasopen.Somechemicalapparatusessuchastestglassesandtubes_______________

(knock)over.Inaddition,mypapersonthedesk________________

(turn)

indisorder.hasbeenbroken

hasbeenpushed

havebeenknockedhavebeenturned

PracticethetensePresentperfectpassive1.Thelockonthedoorhasbeenbroken.2.Thewindowhasbeenbroken.3.Mytwolaptopshavebeenstolen.4.Beakersandtesttubeshavebeendestroyed.5.Thebookcasehasbeenopened,andsomefileshavebeentakenawaywhileothers

havebeenthrowneverywhere.6.Therobothasbeendamaged.PracticethetensePresentperfectpassive1.Itisdifficulttofigureoutaglobalpopulationofpolarbearsasmuchoftherangehasbeenpoorlystudied.(2019全國(guó)Ⅰ卷語(yǔ)法填空)由于大部分有關(guān)北極熊生活范圍的研究還很少,所以很難統(tǒng)計(jì)出全球北極熊的數(shù)量。2.A90-year-oldhasbeenawarded“WomanOfTheYear”forbeingBritain'soldestfull-timeemployee-stillworking40hoursaweek.(2019全國(guó)Ⅱ卷語(yǔ)法填空)一位90歲老人因?yàn)槭怯?guó)最年長(zhǎng)的全職雇員而被評(píng)為“年度女性”。她仍然一周工作40個(gè)小時(shí)。3.Wildlifehasbeengreatlythreatenedinthemodernage.(2019江蘇完型填空)在現(xiàn)代,野生動(dòng)植物受到極大程度的威脅。Translate

the

following

sentences

from

Englishto

Chinese.直擊高考PracticethetensePresentperfectpassive1Greatchanges_____________________(takeplace)inmyvillagesince2012.2Morepatients___________________(treat)inhospitalthisyearthanlastyear.3_______thephoto______________(develop)yet?Ifnot,you`dbettergetitreadyassoonaspossible.4--Areyougoingtotheparty?--No,I_____________________(notinvite)yet.5Morethanadozenstudentsinthatschool______________(send）tostudymedicinelastyear.6Morethan5000usedbikes__________________(collect)sincethetwobrotherssetuptheorganisation.

havetakenplace

havebeentreated

Hasbeendeveloped

havenotbeeninvited

weresent

havebeencollected直擊高考PracticethetensePresentperfectpassive直擊高考7Everypossibl