2015備考六級翻譯題預(yù)測1-5

1中國功夫(Kung

fo)是用于概括中國所有武術(shù)(martial

arts)風(fēng)格的常用術(shù)語。事實(shí)上漢語的“武術(shù)”是用來描述中國武述的確切傳統(tǒng)術(shù)語。功夫介紹了各種形式的內(nèi)外風(fēng)格，包括徒手(bare

hands)武術(shù)和武器武術(shù)。近來，中國功夫已實(shí)現(xiàn)了現(xiàn)代化，訓(xùn)練和競賽標(biāo)準(zhǔn)體系都已經(jīng)設(shè)立。作為戰(zhàn)斗功能的補(bǔ)充，功夫已變成更運(yùn)動(dòng)、更具審美性、更有競爭力的體育形式。比起其他習(xí)武之人，也許李小龍更好地讓西方世界的人對中國武術(shù)的精彩招式大開眼界，因此越來越多的外國人到中國旅游，學(xué)習(xí)功夫的奧秘。ChineseKungfuisacommonlyusedtermforsummarizingallthemartialartsstylesinChina.Infact,wushu1inChineseistheexacttraditionaltermusedtodescribeChinesemartialarts.Kungfudescribesexternalandinternalstylesofmartialartsinnumerousforms,includingthoseusingbarehandsandweapons.Recently,ChineseKungfuhasbeenmodernized.Trainingandcompetingstandardsystemshavebeensetup.Complementingitsfightingfunction,Kungfuhasbecomeamoreathletic,aestheticandcompetitivesport.Perhapsbetterthananyotherpractitioner,BruceLeeopenedtheeyesoftheWesternworldtothefascinatingpracticesofChinesemartialarts.Consequently,moreandmoreforeignersaretravellingtoChinaforlearningthemysteriesofKungfu.常用術(shù)語:即“通常使用的術(shù)語”，可譯為commonly

usedterm。

2.傳統(tǒng)術(shù)語:可譯為traditional

term。

3.各種形式的:可譯為numerous

forms

of，還可以用詞組various

kinds

of。

4.內(nèi)外風(fēng)格:可譯為

external

and

internal

styles。

5.大開眼界:可譯為open

eyes

to…2中國人對龍的理解與西方人不一樣。龍是帝王的象征。帝王的子孫被稱為“龍種”，帝王的用品也常常被加上“龍”字，如“龍袍”、“龍椅”等，連帝王的面色也被稱為“龍顏”。龍也是杰出人物的象征，漢語中有“臥虎藏龍”、“乘龍快婿”等。同時(shí)，龍也是一種祥瑞(auspicious)之物。因此，人們希望它能留在自己的家里，保佑自己家里一切平安，萬事如意。每到舞龍燈(dragondance)的時(shí)節(jié)，人們會(huì)請人到家里來舞一回。又因龍呈威猛之相，故也有龍舟(dragonboat)驅(qū)鬼辟邪的說法。Chinesepeople'sunderstandingofdragonisdifferentfromthatofWesterners.Dragonisthesymbolofemperors.Thedescendantsofemperorsarecalled“childrenofthedragon”.Theobjectsusedbyemperorsarealsousuallynamedwiththeword“dragon”，suchas“dragonrobes'“dragonchairs'Eventhefaceoftheemperoriscalled“dragonface”.Dragonalsosymbolizesoutstandingpeople.InChinese,thereare“crouchingtiger,hiddendragon”，“aproudson-in-law”andsoon.Meanwhile,dragonisalsoanauspicioussign.Therefore,peoplehopethatdragoncanstayintheirhomestoblessfamilymembers,thuseveryonecanbehealthyandeverythingcangowell.Whenitcomestodragondancetime,peoplewillinviteperformerstoperformintheirownhomes.Asdragonappearsawe-inspiringandfierce,itissaidthatdragonboatcandriveghostsawayandavoidtheevil.帝王的子孫:即“帝王的后代”，可譯為descendantsofemperors,還可譯為offspringsofemperors。

2.帝王的用品:即“帝王使用的東西”，可譯為objectsusedbyemperors。

3.臥虎藏龍:按字面意思翻譯即可，即crouchingtiger，hiddendragon。

4.乘龍快婿:并不是乘著龍的女婿，而是稱心如意、值得驕傲的女婿，可譯為aproudson-in-law。

5.祥瑞之物:即“吉利的象征”，可譯為auspicioussign。其中，auspicious意為“吉利的”。

6.呈威猛之相:可譯為appearawe-inspiringandfierce,其中“呈......之相”即“呈現(xiàn)......的相貌”之意，譯為appear,“威猛”即“威嚴(yán)兇猛”，譯為awe-inspiringandfierce。

7.驅(qū)鬼辟邪:按字面意思翻譯即可，“驅(qū)”譯為driveaway,“辟”譯為avoid,故“驅(qū)鬼辟邪”就是driveghostsawayandavoidtheevil。3《清明上河圖》(Riverside

Scene

on

Tomb-SweepingDay)為北宋末年，南宋初年的畫家張擇端所繪，展現(xiàn)了清明時(shí)分北宋都城東京汴河(Bianhe

River)兩岸的景象。全畫分為三部分:第一部分描繪晨光下的景象，郊外岸邊緩緩行進(jìn)的馱隊(duì);第二部分描繪汴河橋一片繁忙的景象;第三部分描繪市區(qū)街道上的景象，商人來來往往。整幅畫卷寬24.8厘米，長528.7厘米，描繪的人物約500多個(gè)，動(dòng)物50多個(gè)，樹木約170多棵。這幅出色的繪畫作品使我們更好地了解當(dāng)時(shí)北宋都城的生活。參考翻譯Riverside

Scene

on

Tomb-Sweeping

Day

was

paintedby

Zhang

Zeduan，a

painter

lived

in

the

lateNorthern

Song

Dynasty

and

early

Southern

SongDynasty.It

depicts

scenes

along

the

Bianhe

River

inDongjing，the

capital

city

of

the

Northern

SongDynasty

on

the

Tomb-Swecping

Day.The

painting

is

divided

into

three

parts.The

first

partdcpicts

a

team

of

pack

animals

walking

slowly

along

the

river

bank

in

the

suburbs

in

the

morninglight;

the

second

part

portrays

the

bustling

scene

around

the

Bianhe

bridge

over

the

river;

thethird

part

shows

the

downtown

streets,

crowded

with

people

doing

business.The

whole

scroll

is24.8

centimeters

wide

and

528.7

centimeters

long,

and

has

approximately

more

than

500people,

over

50

animals,

and

170

trees

depicted

on

it.This

wonderful

painting

makes

us

studybetter

the

life

of

people

at

that

time

in

the

Northern

Song

capital

city.1.北宋末年，南宋初期:可譯為inthelateNorthernSongDynastyandearlySouthernSongDynasty。2.郊外:可譯為inthesuburbs。3.緩緩行進(jìn)的馱隊(duì):可譯為ateamofpackanimalswalkingslowly。4.繁忙的景象:可譯為bustlingscene。5.商人來來往往:可理解為“街上人很多，做著生意”，故譯為crowdedwithpeopledoingbusiness。4長安，今稱西安，是唐朝的都城。唐朝時(shí)期的長安約比今天的西安大11倍，是具有國際聲譽(yù)的大都市(metropolis)。長安的街道和住宅設(shè)計(jì)得像一個(gè)棋盤，東西布局整潔、勻稱。長安城內(nèi)，很多街道的寬度都超過了100米。長安也是當(dāng)時(shí)中國的文化中心，有豐富多樣的娛樂活動(dòng)，如音樂、舞蹈、斗雞(cockfighting)等。很多日本和朝鮮的學(xué)生紛紛來到長安學(xué)習(xí)，中亞的商人經(jīng)絲綢之路(theSilkRoad)聚集在此。長安城約100萬人口之中，外國人就超過了1萬戶。參考翻譯Chang'an，nowcalledXi'an，wasthecapitalcityoftheTangDynasty.DuringtheTangDynasty,Chang'anwasnearlyeleventimesaslargeastoday'sXi'an，andwasametropoliswithaninternationalreputation.ThestreetsandresidencesofChang'anweredesignedlikeachessboard,withneatandwell-proportionedlayoutoftheeastandwest.Lotsofstreetsandavenuesinsidethecitywereover100meterswide.Chang'anwasalsotheculturalcenterofChinaatthattime，withrichandcolorfulentertainmentactivitiessuchasmusic，dancing,cockfighting，etc.ManystudentsfromJapanandKoreacametostudyinChang'an，andmerchantsfromCentralAsiawentalongtheSilkRoadtogatherthere.AmongthepopulationofaboutonemillioninChang'an，thereweremorethan10,000foreignhouseholds.今稱西安:作為同位語，可譯為nowcalledXi'an，也可以說nowknownasXi'an。

2.具有國際聲譽(yù)的大都市:可譯為ametropoliswithaninternationalreputation。

3.設(shè)計(jì)得像一個(gè)棋盤:可譯為bedesignedlikeachessboard。

4.布局:可譯為layout?！皷|西布局”即layoutoftheeastandwest。

5.勻稱:可譯為well-proportioned或well-balanced。

6.寬度都超過了100米:可譯為over100meterswide或over100metersinwidth。

7.—萬戶:其中“戶”可譯為household，且用復(fù)數(shù)。5石獅(stonelion)由石頭刻成，是中國傳統(tǒng)建筑中常見的裝飾物。一般來說，石獅是指大門外的一對獅子；然而，他們的外表卻不是我們所熟悉的獅子。也許中國古代的大多數(shù)中原人從未見過真正的獅子。據(jù)說，獅子是在漢朝時(shí)由西域(theWesternRegion)引入中國的。在中國文化中，獅子是神話中的形象，而非真正的動(dòng)物。獅子被視為神獸(divinebeast)。中國人認(rèn)為它可以驅(qū)除邪靈。一般情況下，根據(jù)中國傳統(tǒng)文化，石獅應(yīng)該是一對。通常雌獅子的兩爪之間會(huì)刻一只幼獅，而雄獅則是用一只爪子玩球。參考翻譯

Stone

lions

are

carved

out

of

stone,

which

is

thecommon

ornament

in

Chinese

traditionalarchitecture.Generally,

stone

lions

refer

to

the

pairedlions

out

side

the

gate;however,

their

appearancesare

not

the

lions

we

are

familiar

with.

Maybe

mostpeople

in

the

central

plains

of

ancient

China

hadnever

seen

a

real

lion.

It

is

said

lions

were

introduced

into

China

in

the

Han

Dyn