對(duì)外漢語-漢語拼音

兩拼(聲母+單韻母)aoeiuvaoe

bbabo

bibu

ppapo

pipu

mmamomemimu

ffafo

fu

dda

dedidu

tta

tetitu

nna

neninunvllalolelilulvgga

ge

gu

kka

ke

ku

hha

he

hu

j

ji

juq

qi

qux

xi

xuzhzha

zhezhizhu

chcha

chechichu

shsha

sheshishu

rra

reriru

zza

zezizu

cca

cecicu

ssa

sesisu

第一課

LessonOne漢語拼音和日常用語ChinesePīnyīn&DailyExpressions目錄ChinesePinyinintroduction1SimpleVowels3InitalConsonants2Tones4OtherVowels5ChinesePinyin

IntroductionSyllable=InitialConsonant+Vowel+Tone

mā=m+a+ˉInitialConsonant：21Vowel：38Tone：41nǐhǎo

你好hanzipinyinnǐshengmuyunmushengdiao漢語拼音ChinesePīnyīnFunction:JustlikethephoneticalphabetsinEnglish,PīnyīnhelpsustoreadChinesewords.Formation:Initials聲母shēngmǔFinals韻母yùnmǔTones聲調(diào)shēngdiàoe.g.你

(you)n-i-ˇnǐ好(good,fine)h-ao-ˇhǎo聲調(diào)

shēngdiàoTheChineseputonghuahasfourbasictones.Theyareshownbythetone-marks:ˉ(the1sttone),ˊ(the2ndtone),ˇ(the3rdtone),ˋ(the4thtone).Differenttonesmayexpressdifferentmeanings.聲調(diào)

shēngdiàobābá

bǎ

bà聲調(diào)

shēngdiàomāmámǎ

mà

聲調(diào)

shēngdiào

1.Thetone-markshouldbeplacedoverthevowels,eg:nǐ,gē,bà2.Whenatone-markisplacedabovethevoweli,thedotoveritmustbeleftout,eg:

bǐ,wén

jiàn

jiá3.Acompoundfinalcarriestwoormorevowels,thetone-markisplacedoverthevowelwhichpronouncedwiththemouthopeningwiderandlouder,usuallya,o,e,eg:lái,piào,dōu聲調(diào)

shēngdiào輕聲（theNeutralTone)EveryChinesecharacterinChinesePutonghuahasitsspecifictone.Butsometimes,inawordorasentencesomesyllableslosetheiroriginaltonesandbecomeweakandshort,thereforeitiscalledtheneutraltone.Theneutraltonesyllablesareshownbytheabsenceofthetone-mark,forexample:Bàba爸爸（father,dad)māma媽媽（mother,mum)聲母

shēngmǔ

Consonants,21Whenusedasinitials,thefollowingconsonantsarepronouncedroughlythesameastheyareinEnglish.bpmfdtnlgkhjs聲母

shēngmǔ

Consonants,21Whenusedasinitials,thefollowingconsonantsarepronouncedquitedifferentlyfromwhattheyareinEnglish.qxzczhchshr聲母

shēngmǔbbōluó菠蘿(pineapple)bàba爸爸(dad)bù

不(no)(similarwithbinBrotherbutnobuffofbreath)

聲母

shēngmǔPpǎobù跑步（running,run)

(similartopinportpieButshouldbemorearticulatedwithmoreaspiration)聲母

shēngmǔmmāmā媽媽（mum)

mǎi買（buy)（sameasminmanmug)聲母

shēngmǔfchīfàn吃飯（eating)fēng風(fēng)（wind)(samewithfinfromfar)

聲母

shēngmǔddà大（big,huge）dìdi弟弟（youngerbrother)(similarwithdindogdustbutnopuffofbreath)聲母

shēngmǔttàiyáng太陽（sun)tèbié

特別（verymuch)

(similartotintermtidetopButshouldbemorearticulatedwithmoreaspiration)聲母

shēngmǔnnánrén男人（male,man)ná拿（take,pick,hold)（similarasninnonation)聲母

shēngmǔllóng龍（dragon)kuàilè快樂（happy)（sameaslinletterlearn)聲母

shēngmǔggēge哥哥（olderbrother)

gāo高（tall,high)(Similarwithgingrillgoodbutnopuffofbreath)

聲母

shēngmǔkKěkěyǐ渴（thirsty)可以(can)shàngkè上課(haveclass)kǎoshì考試（exam)

(similartokinkeyButshouldbemorearticulatedwithmoreaspiration)聲母

shēngmǔhhēshuǐ(drinkwater)hé河（river)hǎihěn海（sea)很（toomuch)(hsoundslike“h”intheEnglishword“her”heart,butitmustbeaddedmorefrictionofthebreaththanitisinEnglish.)聲母

shēngmǔjjī雞（chicken)jiā家（home)(jinJeep)聲母

shēngmǔqqī七（seven)qián錢（money)qīzi(wife)(chincheese)聲母

shēngmǔxxī西（thewest)xǐhuān喜歡（like)

xuéxí學(xué)習(xí)(study)(shinsheep)聲母

shēngmǔzzì字（characters)zuò坐（sit)

(similarwithdsinfriendszinzero)聲母

shēngmǔccài菜（vegetable,dishes)cāi猜（guess)(similarwiththetsinbitsstudents)聲母

shēngmǔssì四（four)sīniàn思念（misssomeone)(similartosinstudent)

聲母

shēngmǔzhzhè這（this)zhàn站（stand)zhīdào(know)(similarwithdgeinjudge)聲母

shēngmǔchchī吃（eat）cháng長（long)(similartochinchurch,butmusthavesrongpuffofbreath)聲母

shēngmǔshlǎoshī老師（teacher)shí十(ten)(similartoshinshirt)聲母

shēngmǔrrén人（human,people)rè熱（hot)(similartorinrun)聲母

shēngmǔ

Test:listenandchoosetheInitialsyouhear.

bpmfdtnlgkhjqxzhchshrzcsa

oeiuüdānyùnmǔ單韻母：aainFatherā

yí

阿姨bàbɑ爸爸

mā

mɑ媽媽oAwWǒ我fó佛eUhèkuàilèlekě餓快樂了可iEseebeenǐ

mǐ

fàn4你米飯uooinLoopbookbùxínɡbùzhī

dào不行不知道ü(First,

try

to

pronounce

"i",

and

then

your

tongue

stays

here,

gradually

purse

your

lips.

Try

it

yourself)yúxiàyǔ

lǜ

sè魚下雨綠色

韻母yùnmǔ

39,vowels,orvowel+n/ngSinglefinalsaā

á

ǎ

àoō

ó

ǒ

òeēé

ěèiīí

ǐìuūú

ǔùü

ǖǘǚǜfùyùnmǔ復(fù)韻母（componundfinals）ai ei ao ouia

ieuauoüe

aiai

(as

in

"high")wǒ

àinǐkě

ài我愛你可愛zàibái在白zàijiàn再見ei(like

a

long

"a"

or

the

"ei"

in

"eight")lèihēi累黑

ao-ao

(as

in

"how"

or

"out")

hǎomāoshǎolǎoɡāozǎoshɑnɡhǎo好貓少老高早上好ou

(like

the

"ow"

in

"low"

or

"boat")

dōuɡǒukǒushǒuzǒu都狗口手走

iaia

(

like

ya

in

"yard")

jiā

家ie-ie

(like

ye

in

"yes")biéjiérìxièxiè別節(jié)日謝謝ua-ua

(u

followed

by

a)

kuā

huā

zhuā

shuā

夸花抓刷uo-uo

(as

in

"war")cèsuǒ

duō

shǎoɡuójiā

廁所多少國家üe

xuéxíxuéshenɡxuéxiàodàxuéyuē

huì學(xué)習(xí)學(xué)生學(xué)校大學(xué)約會(huì)sānchóngyùnmǔ三重韻母（finalsconsistingof3singlefinals）uai uei(ui) iao iou(iu)

uai -uai

(like

wi

in

"wild")shuàihuàishuāi帥壞衰

Uei(ui)-ui

(similar

to

"way")duìbúduìɡuìhuìbúhuìshuǐ

shuí

對(duì)不對(duì)貴會(huì)不會(huì)水誰

iao-iao

(like

yow

in

"yowl")jiàojiǎobiǎoniǎoliáotiānxiǎo叫腳表鳥聊天小

iou(iu)-iu

(like

yo

in

"yoga")diū

niú

liù丟牛六bíyùnmǔ鼻韻母（nasalfinals）

qiánbíyùnmǔ前鼻韻母(frontnasalfinals)an

en

in

ianuen(un)uanüan

an-an

(like

the

sounds

of

"John"

or

"angry")mànchī

fànhànyǔhěnnán慢吃飯漢語很難

en-en

(like

“en"

in

"open")rénzhōnɡɡuóréntàiɡuórén

人中國人泰國人

zěnmeyànɡzhēnzhēndemɑ怎么樣真

真的嗎in-in

(as

in

"bin")nínjīntiānxīn您今天新

ian-ian

(similar

to

"yen")qiánduō

shǎoqiánmiàntiáofàndiàn錢多少錢面條飯店

uan-uan

(u

followed

by

an)luànduǎnɡuānmén亂短關(guān)門

uen(un)Aswhenyúnkūnmínɡchūntiān云昆明春天üanün-uan

un(ü

followed

by

ann,

only

with

initials

j,q,x)yuǎnquànxuǎnzé遠(yuǎn)勸選擇

hòubíyīnyùnmǔ后鼻音韻母(backnasalfinals)ang

enging

ongianguengionguangang(like

the

sound

of

"under"

or

"rang'

)pànɡm(xù)ánɡzhānɡshànɡkèrànɡzānɡ胖忙張上課讓臟

eng-eng

(like

the

"ung"

in

"lung")fēnɡnénɡxuéshenɡ風(fēng)能學(xué)生

ing-ing

(like

"sing")mínɡzitīnɡ名字聽nǐ

jiàoshénmemínɡzi？你叫什么名字？

ongong

(like

the

"ung"

in

"lung"

with

a

slight

"oo"

sound)

yònɡdōnɡɡōnɡzuòzhōnɡɡuó用東工作中國iang(-i

followed

by

ang)

uang-uang

(like

wang

in

"twang")

uenguafterwithengiong

(i

merged

with

ong)tèshūyuányīnyùnmǔ特殊元音韻母(specialfinals）er兒ercannotbecombinedwithanyotheryunmu(finals），itcanonlybethefinalsbyitself.Itiscommonlyusedinnortherndialect.Therearemanywordsinthenortherndialectpronunciationofvowelsoccurduetothevolumeoftongueactionsoundchange,andthisphenomenoniscallederhua.ererinherd-i(inzicisi)

-i（inzhichishi)SimpleVowelsa

jar

ologebirder2ieastumoonü

aoeiuü3、InitialConsonantsb(+o)brotherbōbàbù

p(+o)piepápòpí

m(+o)mugmāmùmǐf(+o)farfófùfǎd(+e)