英語名師講練大一輪復習人教版核心素養(yǎng)測評二十三必修5Unit3Lifeinthefuture

溫馨提示：此套題為Word版，請按住Ctrl,滑動鼠標滾軸，調節(jié)合適的觀看比例，答案解析附后。關閉Word文檔返回原板塊。核心素養(yǎng)測評二十三必修5Unit3Lifeinthefuture(限時35分鐘)Ⅰ.閱讀理解ASlowlybutsurely,we’removingcloserandcloserto5Gworld.Fromsmarthomesecuritytoselfdrivingcars,alltheInternetconnecteddevicesinyourlifewillbeabletotalktoeachotheratlightningfastspeedswithreduceddelay.Objectivelyspeaking,thefastest4GdownloadspeedsintheU.S.topoutatanaverageof19.42Mbps.Butbyparison5Gpromisesgigabit(千兆)speeds.“5Gisoneofthosesigns,alongwithartificialintelligence,ofthisingdataage,”saidSteveKoenig,seniordirectorofmarketresearchfortheConsumerTechnologyAssociation.“Theselfdrivingvehicleisagreatemblemofthisdataage,andthatistosay,itisasignoftime,becausewithonesingletask,driving,youhavemassiveamountsofdataingfromthevehicleitself,andavarietyofsensorsarecollectingalotofinformationtomodelitsenvironmentasitmoves.It’spullingindatafromothervehiclesaboutroadconditionsdownthelane.Itcouldbeweatherinformation,butalsoconnectedinfrastructure(基礎設施)construction.There’slotsofdatabehindthattask,whichiswhyweneedhighspeed.Augmentedrealityglassesandvirtualheadsethaven’tyetbrokenthemainstream,buttechpaniesarejoyfullybettingthatthesedeviceswilleventuallyreplaceoursmartphones.With5G,thatcouldactuallyhappen.ThisisnotablebecausepaniessuchasApplearereportedlydevelopingARglassestoassist—orperhapsevenreplace—smartphones.EricssonstatedatFebruary’sMobileWorldCongresshowsmartglassescouldbeefasterandlighterwitha5Gconnection,becauseinsteadofbeingweigheddownwithponents,theglassescouldrelyonhardwareforprocessingpower.Butdon’tgettooexcited.There’sstillalotofworktobedoneinthemeantimeincludingvarioustrialstomakesuretheradiosplaynicelywithhardwareandinfrastructureconstructionso5Gisn’tconcentratedonlyinbigcities.【文章大意】本文是一篇說明文。文章講述是,我們離5G世界越來越近了。1.WhatdoestheauthorwanttostressinParagraph1?A.Thelightningfastspeedof5G.B.Theexpectationof5Gworld.C.Thedifferencebetween4Gand5G.D.TheInternetconnecteddevicesinourlife.【解析】選A。段落大意題。根據第一段atlightningfastspeedswithreduceddelay和byparison5Gpromisesgigabitspeeds可知,作者在第一段想強調5G速度快。故選A。2.Whatdoestheunderlinedword“emblem”inParagraph2mean?A.Exhibition. B.Success.C.Symbol. D.Explanation.【解析】選C。詞義猜測題。根據第二段中andthatistosay,itisasignoftime“也就是說,這是時間的標志,”可知,畫線詞的意思是“標志,象征”。故選C。3.Wecaninferfromthetextthat______.

A.5Gworldwon’tewithoutARglassesB.5GhelpstocreatetheartificialintelligencevehicleC.ApplepanyisdevelopingARglassesworldwideD.Techpanieswillfacethefactthatsmartphonesmaybereplaced【解析】選D。推理判斷題。根據第三段中ThisisnotablebecausepaniessuchasApplearereportedlydevelopingARglassestoassist—orperhapsevenreplace—smartphones.可知蘋果(Apple)等公司正在發(fā)展AR眼鏡,以幫助甚至取代智能。我們可以從文中推斷,科技公司將面臨智能可能被取代的事實。故選D。4.Whatwilltheauthorprobablytellusnext?A.Howtofullyexpand5Gcoverage.B.Smartglasseswillbeefasterandlighter.C.Why5Gisn’tconcentratedinbigcities.D.Theimportanceofinfrastructureconstruction.【解析】選A。推理判斷題。根據最后一段Butdon’tgettooexcited.There’sstillalotofworktobedoneinthemeantime,includingvarioustrialstomakesuretheradiosplaynicelywithhardwareandinfrastructureconstructionso5Gisn’tconcentratedonlyinbigcities.“但是不要太激動。與此同時,仍有很多工作要做,包括各種試驗,以確保無線電能很好地配合硬件和基礎設施建設,這樣5G就不會只集中在大城市?！笨芍?作者接下來可能會告訴我們“如何全面擴大5G覆蓋。”故選A。【知識拓展】佳詞積累1.massiveadj.巨大的2.virtualadj.虛擬的3.notableadj.顯著的4.ponentn.組成成分長難句分析There’sstillalotofworktobedoneinthemeantime,includingvarioustrialstomakesuretheradiosplaynicelywithhardwareandinfrastructureconstructionso5Gisn’tconcentratedonlyinbigcities.分析:本句是一個復合句。tomakesure...作目的狀語,其中sure后面是賓語從句,so“為的是”,引導目的狀語從句。譯文:與此同時,仍有很多工作要做,包括各種試驗,以確保無線電能很好地配合硬件和基礎設施建設,這樣5G就不會只集中在大城市。B導學號We’veheardofrobotsandAI(ArtificialIntelligence)takinghumanjobs,butIbetmayors(市長)don’treallythinktheirjobscanbethreatenedanytimesoon.Theywerewrong,andtheAIrunningforthemayorofaTokyodistrictwasclearproofofthat.AIcan’tlegallyrunforhighrankingpublicmanagementpositionsyet,butonemayoralcandidatefromTamaCity,Tokyo,intendedtomaximizetheuseofartificialintelligenceinrunningcityaffairs.Hewasrunninghiscampaignas“AIMayor”.Basically,hewassuggestingreplacinghumanpublicofficialswithAIandhavingthemcollectcitydataandcreatefairandbalancedpoliciesthatwillbenefiteveryone.“Forthefirsttimeintheworld,AIwillruninanelection,”humancandidateMichihitoMatsudaannouncedonTwitter.“ArtificialIntelligencewillchangeTomaCity.WiththebirthofanAIMayor,wewillconductbalancedpolicies.”TheAIMayorwascampaigningverymuchlikeitshumanpetitors.PosterswereshownalloverTamaCityandcampaigntruckswereblaringout(大聲鳴響)promisesofanAIutopia(烏托邦)andaskingforsupport.SomepeoplecalledMichihitoMatsuda’scampaignastunt(噱頭),asahumanwouldstillbetheonelegallyincharge.However,otherssaidthattheywereexcitedaboutthefutureofAIrunningthingsinthebackground,addingthatithadtobeabetterchoice.【文章大意】本文是一篇說明文。我們聽說過機器人和人工智能取代了人類的部分工作,可是它們竟然參與競選東京某地的市長。5.What’stheadvantageoftheAImayoraccordingtoMichihitoMatsuda?A.MaximizingtheuseofAI.B.Replacinghumanofficials.C.Creatingbalancedpolicies.D.Bringinghimbeneficialeffects.【解析】選C。細節(jié)理解題。根據第二段Basically,hewassuggestingreplacinghumanpublicofficialswithAIandhavingthemcollectcitydataandcreatefairandbalancedpoliciesthatwillbenefiteveryone.可知,他認為,人工智能市長的優(yōu)勢在于收集城市數據,制定公平、平衡的政策,讓每個人都受益,故選C。6.HowwillAIrunforthemayor?A.Itwillabolishmanyoldpolicies.B.ItwillaskforsupportontheInternet.C.Itwillmakepublicspeeches,dressedlikeahuman.D.Itwillpetesimilarlytohumanpetitors.【解析】選D。細節(jié)理解題。根據第四段TheAIMayorwascampaigningverymuchlikeitshumanpetitors.PosterswereshownalloverTamaCityandcampaigntruckswereblaringoutpromisesofanAIutopiaandaskingforsupport.可知,人工智能市長的競選活動的方式和人類競爭對手非常像,故選D。7.What’sthecitizens’attitudetowardMichihitoMatsuda’scampaign?A.TheybelieveAIwillwin.B.Allconsiderittobetricky.C.Itissupposedtobeafailuredefinitely.D.Somethinkit’sworthyofexpectation.【解析】選D。推理判斷題。根據最后一段However,otherssaidthattheywereexcitedaboutthefutureofAIrunningthingsinthebackground,addingthatithadtobeabetterchoice.可知,有些人認為這是一個噱頭,而有人認為這必定是個更好的選擇,這是值得期待的,故選D。8.Whatisthebesttitleforthepassage?A.AIRunsfortheMayor.B.TheAdvantagesofAI.C.AIReplacesHumaninManagement.D.ThePatternsofAIManagement.【解析】選A。主旨大意題。根據上下文可知,本文主要講述人工智能參與競選某市市長的職位,故選A?！局R拓展】佳詞積累1.candidaten.候選人2.maximizevt.使增加最大量3.campaignn.運動長難句分析Basically,hewassuggestingreplacinghumanpublicofficialswithAIandhavingthemcollectcitydataandcreatefairandbalancedpoliciesthatwillbenefiteveryone.分析:本句是一個復合句。policies是先行詞,that引導的是定語從句。譯文:大體上,他建議用機器人來代替公職人員,讓它們收集城市的數據,制定公平、平衡的政策,讓每個人都受益。Ⅱ.閱讀填句SleepandTeens—BiologyandBehaviorHowmuchsleepdoteensneed?Andhowmuchsleeparetheyrealisticallygetting?Basedoncurrentdata,mostteensneedabout9plushourstohavethebestormostsuitablesleepnight.1

Manyfactorsbinetodecreasesleepinadolescents.Wecanthinkingeneraloftwomajorfactors:biology,thebrainprocessesthatregulatetheamountandtimingofsleep,andbehavior,allthepsychological,parental,societal,culturalfeaturesofteens’life.2Thesechangeslaythegroundworkforthebiologicalnighttooccurlaterduringtheteenyearsthanbefore.CircadianRhythms(dailybiologicalclocks)seemtoslowdownasyoungpeopleprogressthroughthemiddleschoolyears.Atthesametime,thesleeppressuresystemappearstochangeinawaythatmakesiteasiertostayawakelonger,thoughwithoutchangingtheamountofsleepthatisneeded.

Moreover,manyteenshavea“technologicalplayground”intheirbedrooms:television,puterwith24/7Internetaccess,telephones,electronicgamestations,MP3players,andsoforth.Thesetechnologiesprovideinstantandconstantcontactwithpeers.Societalandmediapressuretoconsumethesetechnologiesisnowhigherthanever.Yetsocietyalsorequiresthatteensgotoschoolatatimeofdaythatisatoddswiththeirbiologicalandsociallives.Soweseeteensturntocaffeine,latenightInternetandcramminginactivityafteractivityasameanstokeepawake.3

Problemsemergeforlackofsleep.4Forsome,gradesbegintosufferastheystruggletokeepawakeduringclassandwhiledoinghomework.Andothersmaysimplyfeelmoody,neverknowinghowtofeelordotheirbest.Worsestill,manyteenssufferfrombothphysicalandmentalillness.

5Theearlierteenscanstartthisgoodsleephabit,theeasieritwillbeforthemtostayhealthy,happyandsmart.

A.Sleepexpertsremendteenskeepconsistentsleepandwakeschedule.B.Teensmayschedulesleeplikeanyotherdailyactivityandmakesleepapriority.C.Thentheyaretrappedintoaterriblesituationwheretheywouldnevergetenoughsleep.D.Thesleepwakebioregulatoryfactorsappeartochangesignificantlyduringadolescence.E.Someteenagersstruggletowakeupinthemorning,oftenresultinginlateormissedschool.F.Teensmaybedriventothingsthatcanwakethemupbecausethey’llfallasleepiftheydonot.G.However,itisindicatedthatmostteensfallshortofthisgoal,manybyaconsiderableamount.【文章大意】本文是一篇說明文。目前青少年睡眠減少,達不到標準睡眠時間。文章分析了導致這種現象的原因,介紹了睡眠不足導致的問題,并提出了解決辦法。1.【解析】選G。上一句提到:根據近期的研究數據,大部分青少年晚上需要九個多小時的睡眠。第二段第一句提到:很多因素導致青少年睡眠時間減少。故該空應當提到青少年睡眠不夠這個現象。G選項“但是,大部分青少年達不到這個目標?！背猩蠁⑾隆９蔬xG。2.【解析】選D。上一段介紹了導致青少年睡眠減少的兩大因素。該空下一句提到:這些變化使得青少年在晚上睡得比以前晚了。由Thesechanges可知,該空應當提到“改變”這個話題,結合選項,D選項“這些睡覺—覺醒的生物調節(jié)因素似乎在青春期發(fā)生了巨大變化。”承上啟下。故選D。3.【解析】選C。上文提到:這樣,青少年每天晚上就通過喝咖啡、上網等活動以使自己保持清醒。C選項“然后,他們就陷入一種糟糕的境地中:他們永遠也得不到足夠的睡眠。”是上文內容的結果。故選C。4.【解析】選E。上一句提到:因為缺乏睡眠,一些問題就出現了。那么,該空應當提到出現的問題,結合選項,只有E選項“一些青少年會出現早晨醒得晚而遲到甚至缺課的情況?！狈仙舷挛倪壿?故選E。5.【解析】選A。下一句提到:青少年開始這種好的睡眠習慣越早,對他們而言,保持健康,快樂和聰明就越容易。由該句中的“thisgoodsleephabit”可知,該空應當提到