2021年上海市寶山區(qū)高考英語二模試卷

2021年上海市寶山區(qū)高考英語二模試卷.ListeningComprehensionSectionADirections：InSectionA,youwillheartenshortconversationsbetweentwospeakers?Attheendofeachconversation,aquestionwillbeaskedaboutwhatwassaid?Theconversations且ndthequestionswillbespokenonlyonce?Afteryouhearaconversationandthequestionaboutit,readthefourpossibleanswersonyourpaper,anddecidewhichoneisthebestanswertothequestionyouhaveheard?.(★★★★★)A?Sheisverycrazyaboutwhatsheeats?B?Sheistiredofthefoodinthecanteen?C?SheofteneatsinaFrenchRestaurant?D?SheusuallytakesasnackintheKFC?? ?Heknowshisownlimitations?B?Hecan'tfaceuptothesituation?C?Heisratherdisappointed?D?Heishighlyambitious?? ?Themantriestoleaveagoodimpression?B?Themanshouldbuyhimselfanewsuit?C?Theman^sjeansandT-shirtsarestylishD?Themancandresscasuallyfortheoccasion?. ?Hewaslookingforwardtoseeingtheelephants?B?HegothometoolatetoseetheTVspecia1?C?HefellasleepinthemiddleoftheTVprogram?D?Heenjoyedwatchingtheanimalperformance?- ?Themanisnocertainifhecanfindaproperplace?B?Themanisunlikelytomoveoutofthedormitory?C?Themanwillchoosealow-rentapartment?D?Themanshouldconsiderhisprivacyfirst?- ?Hecannotfinishhisassignmentbeforethedeadline?B?Hehasprovedtobeabetterreaderthanthewoman?C?Hehasdifficultyinunderstandingthebook?D?Hecannotgetaccesstotheassignedbook???Hehasdifficultyfinishinghisproject.B?Heseldomtellsthetruthabouthimself?C?HeisactuallyveryhardworkingD?Heneedstospendmoretimeinthelab?(★★★★★)A?Gototheparktoenjoytheflowers.B?Planttreesintheeastendoftown?C?BuysomerosesformthemarketD?Findashortcuttothepark-(★★★★★)A.Heshaveseveryotherday.B?Hechangesjobfrequently.C?Heisashamedofhispresentcondition.D?Heiscarelessabouthisappearance?? Thepaintingwascompletedjustintime?B?Hisartisticworkhasbeenwellreceived?C?Thebuildingwon*topenuntilnextweek?D?Heneedsanotherweekforthepainting?SectionBDircctions:InSectionB,youwillheartwoshortpassagesandonelongerconversation,andyouwillheaskedseveralquestionsoneachofthepassagesandtheconversation?Thepassagesandtheconversationwillhereadtwice,hutthequestionswillbespokenonlyonce?Whenyouhearaquestion,readthefourpossibleanswersonyourpaperanddecidewhichonewouldbethebestanswertothequestionyouhaveheard..(★★★★★)(1)A.Shegaveawayaround75percentofherclothes.B?Shegotridofover16percentofherfurniture?C?Shespenttimeandtriedtofinddailyresources?D?Shemissedthethingsthatshethrewaway.A?Waitforaholidaytostartcleaning?B?Keeponlytheitemsyouneed?C?Buythingsthatarebadlyneeded?D?Breakthebadhabitoflittering?A?Enjoyingmorefreetime?B?Savingtheextramoney.C?Shiftingyourvalues?D?Livingwithless?.(★★★★★)(1)A.Changeshappeneveryday.B?Changesbenefitourfuture?C?Changescanupsetourday.D?Changesarecompletelynatura1?A?OpposingchangeB?Beingflexible?C?Discoveringtechnology.D?Findingnewjobs?A?Thechangemayturnouttobethebestthingforyou.B?Thechangemayendupbeingworsethaneverbefore?C?Thechangemayhelpyoumakemorefriendsinfuture?D?Thechangemaybringaboutasuccessorafailure?.(★★★★★)(1)A.Sheshouldlearntomakehamburgersorcutgrass?B?Theywillpayforeverythingsheneedsduringuniversity?C?Shewon'tbeabletoattenduniversityunlessshedoessummerjobs?D.Asummerjobcanprovideworkingexperienceandimportantskills?A.Hewillbetoobusytolearnothercourses?B?Hisparentswanthimtogettopgrades?C?Hethinksthere'snothingwrongwithjobs?D?Hisparentsallowhimtopayonhisown?A?Bothofthemhavedecidedtolookforsummerjobs?B?Gettingintouchwitheachotherafterthissummer?C?Summerjobscanteachthemtotakeresponsibility?D?Comparingfutureoutcomesofdoingandnotdoingsummerjobs?A.Summerplansandfutureearnings?B?Attendinguniversityafterhighschool?C?Summercoursesandfuturecareers?D?Universityeducationandfuturecareers?II.GrammarandVocabularySectionADirections:Afterreadingthepassagebelow,fillintheblankstomakethepassagescoherentandgrammaticallycorrect.Fortheblankswithagivenword,fillineachblankwiththeproperformofthegivenword;fortheotherblanks,useonewordthatbestfitseachblank.?(★★★)Whoisresponsibleforchildhoodobesity(月巴胖)？It*slunchtimeandsixth-graderOscarVillanovavisitsthevending(售賣)machine?Hepaysforanorangejuiceandsomecheesesticks,(1)but/thoughalthoughhereallywantedsodaandchips?Hisschool,MildredAvenue,onlysellsschoollunchandhealthysnacks?Seventh-graderLeticiaBrown(2)hasbe亡n istold(tell)byherdoctorthatsheneedstoloseweight?Herdoctorsaysexercisewillhelphercontrolherweightbutatschoolsheonlygetsphysicaleducationonceaweek?Manychildrensufferfromhealthconditions(3)that.審hich arecausedormadeworsebytheirlifestyles?Childhoodobesityhasmorethandoubledinchildrenandfourtimesinadolescentsinthepast30years?Moreover,ratesofchildhooddiabetes(糖尿病)(4)arerising(rise)?Theseconditionscanputchildren(5)atriskforheartdiseaseandothermajorkillerslaterinlife.Thesehealthissuesarecomplexproblemswithmanydifferentcauses?Eatingmealsout,watchinglotsofTV,andnotbeingactiveafterschoolcancausetoo

muchweightgain?Buttherearemanythingschildrencando(improve)theirhealth?Doctorssaytheprimaryfocusformuchweightgain?Buttherearemanythingschildrencando(improve)theirhealth?DoctorssaytheprimaryfocusforshouldbeeatinghealthyfoodandgettingexerciseeverySchoolsaregetting(8)involved(involve)inchildren(7)day.solvingtheproblem.toemphasizetheimportanceofexercise?Someschoolswarningparentsthattheirchildmaybeoverweight?shouldbeactingmoreresponsiblybyrestrictingarguingtoemphasizetheimportanceofexercise?Someschoolswarningparentsthattheirchildmaybeoverweight?shouldbeactingmoreresponsiblybyrestrictingarguing(argue)thatTheseschoolsbelieveparentschildren'sdiets?Manyparentsgetangry,(10)schoolsshouldlimittheirfocustoteaching?Theybelievethattheyhaveprimaryresponsibilityfortheirchildren*shealth?Notethatthereisonewordmorethanyouneed.SectionBDirections:Fillineachblankwithaproperwordchosenfromthebox.Eachwordcanonlybeusedonce.Notethatthereisonewordmorethanyouneed.A.uncomfortableB?criticallyrespondingG?effectivelyC?balanceD?nonsenseE?temptationF.HA.uncomfortableB?criticallyrespondingG?effectivelyC?balanceD?nonsenseE?temptationF.H?practiceEmbraceI.demandsJ?reasoningtheruleofawkwardsilenceK?deliveringTheruleofawkwardsilenceissimple:Whenfacedwithachallengingquestion,answer?Thisis20orlonger)thinkdeeplyabouthowyouwanttoinsteadofanswering,pauseandnoshortpause；rather,itinvolvestakingseveralseconds(10,tothinkthingsthroughbefore(1) _F_ ?AtApple,TimCookhasengagedinthe(2)Hforyears.Backin200&aFortunearticlesaidthatinmeetings,Cookwas"knownforlong,(3) _Apauses,whenallyouhearisthesoundofhistearingthewrapperoftheenergybarsheconstantlyeats?"Cookisn'taloneinembracingtherulealmost20secondstorespondtoapersonalTheruleofawkwardsilencehasalwaysintelligencebecauseitallowsyouto(5)simplyreactingbasedonfeeling?Whytheruleofawkwardsilenceismoreofawkwardsilence?SteveJobsoncetookattack,(4)Kaperfectresponse,beenvaluableasatoolofemotionalCthoughtandemotioninsteadofvaluablethanever.Weliveinaworldthat(6) _I_ instantsatisfaction.Emailsshouldbeansweredonthesameday.Textmessagesshouldbeansweredrightnow?Butthere*samajorproblemwithallofthisimmediatecommunication:Itdoesn*tleavetimetothink.callsfordeepandcarefulconsiderationofasubject?callsfordeepandcarefulconsiderationofasubject?Itanalyzingfacts,andcareful(8) ?AnditresultsinCriticalthinkinginvolvesweighingandmakinginsightfulconnections?Noneofthisispossiblewithouttime?Andtimehasbecomethebiggestluxuryontheplanet?

Butwhenyouembracetheruleofawkwardsilence,youstealbacktime?Timethatusedtobewastedon(9) _D__ answers?So,thenexttimesomeoneasksyouachallengingquestion,orevenwhatseemsonthesurfacetobeasimpleone,resistthe(10)Etorespondwiththefirstthingthatcomestomind?Instead,embracetheruleofawkwardsilence,andthinkbeforeyouspeak?III.ReadingComprehensionsSectionADirectionszForeachblankinthefollowingpassage,therearefourwordsorphrasesmarkedA,B,CandD.Fillineachblankwiththewordorphrasethatbestfitsthecontext??(★★★*)Fearisanaturalandvaluableemotion?Ithasgreatsurvivalvalueforhumanbeings,(1)_D_ustofightforsurvivalorrunawayquicklyfromathreat?Buttoomuchfearintheformofchronic(慢性的)anxietyisincrediblyBandweakening?Anxietyisprolongedfearthatpersistsinthe(3) _C_ ofarealthreat:afterathreatisover,duringsituationsthataren*tactuallyverydangerous,orbeforea/an(4) _A_ threatinthefuture?Whenanxietybecomeschronicand(5)Dyourlife,ittransformsintoananxietydisorder?Researchconsistentlyshowsthatcognitive(認(rèn)知的)behavioraltherapy(CBT)isthemost(6) _Aanxietytreatment?Itworksbetterthandrugs,psychoanalysis,andalltheotherwayswehavetriedtotreat(7)Covertheyears?Broadlyspeaking,twoCBTapproachesfortreatinganxietyhave(8)Bcopingandexposure?Copingischanginghowyouthink,evaluatingthreatsmoreaccurately,andbuildingconfidenceinyourabilityto(9)Dathreatsothatyouaregraduallylessafraid?Exposureis(10)Aexperiencingwhatyouareafraidof,provingyourterriblepredictionsofdisastertobefalse,untilyourfearnaturallydiesdown?Themostrecentdatashowthatbothapproacheshelp,butexposurecanworkfasterand(11) _C_ larger,longer-lastingreductionsinanxiety?Ifyousufferfromanxiety,youcanapplythelatestandmosteffectiveprocedureforexposure,calledrestrictivelearning?Itwas(12) _B_byateamoftherapistsandresearcherswhopublishedtheirresultsin2014?Thisspecialexposure(13) _D_ willhelpyouovercomeanxietyasrapidlyandcompletelyaspossible?Themosteffectivecoping(14)AusedinCBTandrelatedtherapiesincludecopingplanning,cognitiveflexibility,anddistresstolerance?Theyareresearch-tested,(15) _C_ effectivetechniquesthatwillimproveandstrengthenyouranxietyrecoveryprogram?(1)A.persuadingB?rememberingC?expectingD?(1)A.persuadingB?rememberingC?expectingD?preparing(2)A?jealousB?painfulC?innocentD?conscious（3）A.abstractB?existenceC?absenceD?continuation(4)A.potentialB?essentialC?availableD?sustainable（5）A.instructsB?challengesC?stimulatesD?dominates（6）A.effectiveB?objectiveC?invisibleD?significant(7)A.pressureB?ignoranceC?anxietyD?depression(S)A.describedB?emergedC?protectedD?supervised（9）A.overlookB?simplifyC?remarkD?handle(10)A.B?vigorouslyC?sincerelyD?passionatelypurposeruiiy(11)A.breaksthroughB?turnsdownC?resultsinD?worksout(12)A.composedB?developedC?predictedD?symbolized(13)A.commitmentB?evidenceC?assessmentD?process(14)A.strategiesB?behaviorsC?responsesD?examples(15)A.naturallyB?probablyC.highlyD?initiallySectionBDirections:Readthefollowingtwopassage?Eachpassageisfollowedbyseveralquestionsorunfinishedstatements.ForeachofthemtherearefourchoicesmarkedA,B,CandD?Choosetheonethatfitsbestaccordingtotheinformationgiveninthepassageyouhavejustread?.(★★★)Peoplearemotivatedtodoactivitiesbymanydifferentfactors?Formethemainfactorsthatareinvolvedarecompetition,thedesireforachievinggreatness,thesatisfactionofcompletingprojects,andenjoyment?SinceIamatwin,asenseofcompetitionisdeeprootedinmybrain?Healthycompetitioncanpushustodofantasticthings?Itmakesusstriveforacertaingoalandgetsustodothingsfaster?However,Idonotthinkcompetitionshouldbecomeharmfu1?Whenanger,frustration,anddepressionisaresultofcompetition,itisnothealthy?Yet,competitioncanbringaboutrespect,friendship,andmutualgain?Inthecasewithmytwinbrother,wehavepushedourselvestobegoodatsports,music,school,andevenatwork?Thiscompetitivespirithasleakedintomylifewithoutmytwinaround?Inasense,Ireproducemytwinbrotherinotherpeople?IalwaystrytobenumberoneatwhateverIdo-oratleastinthetopthree?Therearetimesthisattitudebecomesunhealthy,asIgetfrustratedifIgiveeverythingtoacompetitionoractivityandproduceonlyaverageresults?Butastheyearspassed,Ihavegottenbetterathandlingfailureanddefeat?Allinall,IthinkIfinishanddowellinmanyareasofmylifeforthesimplefactthatIwanttodowellinthem.Thefeelingofdoingwellagainstcompetentopponentsissatisfying?Ienjoythefeelingofcompletinganimportantproject?Forinstance,lastyear,Ifinishedapoetrycollectionwithmylatefather'spoemsandmyownpoems?Itwasanhonortohimandhiswork?Inaway,Ifeltthathisdeathwasnotinvainandthathisworkwasprovedevenmorethroughthiscollection?Itishardtodescribethemomentofknowingwhensuchanimportantprojectissettorest:itisalmostlikeyouarereadytodie?Yousensethatachapterofyourlifehasclosedandyouarenowanewperson?Thesedeepemotionsmotivatemetocompleteprojectsonaregularbasis?Thesimplestfactorthatmotivatesmetodosomethingisenjoyment?Therearepeoplewhodoactivitiestheydonotenjoyfordecades?Iamnotoneofthosepeople?IcanworkontasksIdonotlikeforawhile,butintheend,mymainfocusshouldbeonsomethingthatIenjoy?IfIfindjoyindoingacertainwork,Iengageinitforalargepartoftheday,orevenalldaywithouttiring?Tirednessinmostcases,inmylife,isduetoalackofenjoymentintheworkbeingdone?Eachpersonhashisorherownmotivatingfactors?Ihopethisreflectionhasallowedyoutodipdeeperintoyourtruenature?Theauthormentionshistwinbrother(Paragraph1)toshow_?A.thepeerofcompetitionB?therootcauseofcompetitionC?thecompetentopponentD?thecompetitivepartnerBythepoetrycollection,theauthorintendsto_D__?A?honorhisfatherandhimselfforyearstocomeB?describethesenseofachapterofhisnewlifeC?allowhisfathertorestandgethimselftoreadytodieD?appreciatethesatisfactionofcompletingprojectsWhatattitudedoestheauthortaketowardstasks?_CA.Hefeelsangry,frustratedanddepressedinhistasks?B?Heenjoysthetasksthatotherpeoplearereluctanttodo?C.Heworkswithouttirednessifhetakespleasureintasks?D?Heusuallylacksenjoymentinthetasksbeingdone?Whichofthefollowingmightbethebesttitleofthepassage?_AA.MotivationB?CompetitionC?ReflectionD?Satisfaction?(★★)TheClassicroadtripismorepopularthanever?Hereareseveralplacestohittheopenroad?

Whatisspecialabouteachplacementionedabove? _AA.TouristsofColo-roadTripsareprovidedwithadaptableplanoftrip?B?VisitorstotheBear-toothHighwaycanenjoytheautodisplay?C?DriversalongSewardHighwaycanappreciatethetreasureunderground?D?TheLighthouseTrailofferstravelersseagoingboatstorowinthesea.Whichplacefavorskidsaccordingthepassage? _DA.Colo-roadTrips?B?TheBear-toothHighway.C?SewardHighway,Alaska?D?TheLighthouseTrail,Maine?Thebesttitleforthepassageis_B_?A.StoriesofadventurealongroadtripsB?AmericanpopularroadtripsC?RecognitionforclassicplacesD?All-Americanhighwayjourney(1)Colo-road(1)Colo-roadTheColoradoTourismOfficehasmadeiteasyforroad-tripperstoexplorethestate1s24ScenicHistoricByways?Anewmicrositeincludesaninteractivemapthatenablestravelerstoexploreoptionsbyregion,interestorseason?Travelersseekinginspirationcanalsoaccessinsidertipsandside-tripsuggestionswithinmorethan150Colo-roadTripitineraries?Theflexibleitinerariesoffersuggestionsforhistoricattractions,activeadventuresandhighlightculturalopportunities?(2)TheBear-toothHighway(2)TheBear-toothHighwayexperiencethevisuallandscapeoftotheAbsarokaandBear-toothVisitorswhotravelthisextraordinarypathexperiencethevisuallandscapeoftotheAbsarokaandBear-toothMontana,WyomingandYellowstonePark,homemountains?Thewindy,cliff-hugging68-milestretchintroducesroadexplorerstooneofthemostdiverse(多樣的)ecosystemsaccessiblebyauto?Amazinglybeautiful,thisAll-AmericanRoaddisplaywidehighlands,paintedwithpatchesoficebluelakes,forestedvalleys,waterfallsandwildlife.TheroadthatconnectsAnchoragetoSewardisa127-miletreasure,includingnaturalbeauty,wildlifeandstoriesofadventureandendurance?Takeadayorseveraltoexploretheregionthathasearnedthree-foldrecognitionasaForestServiceScenicByway,anAlaskanScenicBywayandanAll-AmericanRoad?ThedrivebeginsatthebaseoftheChugachMountains,hugsthescenicshoresofTurn-againArmandwindsthroughminingtowns,nationalforestsandfishingvillagesasyouimaginehowexplorers,furtradersandgoldprospectorsmighthavefaredbackintheday.Expectwaterfalls,glaciers（冰丿H）,eagles,moose（駝鹿）andsomegoodbearstories?（4）TheLighthouseTrail,（4）TheLighthouseTrail,Travelsthe375milesbetweenKitteryandCalais,Maine,visitinglighthousesalongtheway,andlearnaboutthedangersthatseagoingboatsandtheircrewenduredalongtherockyNortheasterncoast?Heartalesofshipwrecks（海灘）andofthedifficultandlonelylifeledbythosewhokeptthelightsburningbrightly.Ifpossible,visittheMaineLighthouseMuseum,whereartifactsandhands-onexhibitsforchildrenprovideanattractivebreak.?（★★★）AccordingtoOxfordDictionaries,moralitymeans:Principlesconcerningthedistinctionbetweenrightandwrongorgoodandbadbehavior?"Thoughmoralityisarathersubjectivesubject,therearesomeprinciplesthatareuniversalacrossallculturesfoundbyanOxfordUniversitystudy:"helpyourfamily,helpyourgroup,returnfavors,bebrave,obeysuperiors,divideresourcesfairly,andrespectothers'property"?Thefactthatthesemoralsarefoundacross60culturesfromaroundtheworlddemonstratesthatmorality,thoughsubjective,isthecornerstoneofkeepingoursocietiestogether?Herearesomereasonstobemoral:withoutmorality,asociallifeisalmostimpossibletomaintain；havingagoodreputationandhavingaclearconscienceispsychologicallyhealthy；andmostphilosophiesregardunselfishandprincipledbehaviorasimportant?Thereisnodoubtthatwithoutmorals,asocietycannotfunctioneffectively.Aconfusedsituationwouldappear?AccordingtotheSocietyofMorality,"Wearesocialanimals,andtheactionswetake-thethingswedoandthethingswedon'tdo一haveconsequencesonourenvironmentsandontheothersaroundus?Asaresult,weneedtobeabletogovernourbehaviorintheneartermsoasnottoinjureourselvesorourcommunityinthelongterm.Thissystemofcontrollingouractionsandourthoughtsinordertooperateinacommunityiswhatweoftenrefertoasmorality"?Therefore,weneedasetofmoralsinordertooperatewithinasocialcircleandasocialenvironment?Actingimmoralusuallyresultsinbeingexcludedfromsocialactivitiesorbeingavoidedbyasocietybasedonlawsandculturalstandards?Besidesactingmoralhavingasociologicalneed,italsohasapsychologicalbasis?Mostpeopleareconcernedtosomeextentabouttheirreputation?AccordingtoPsyPost,"Alotofeconomicmodelsofhumanbehaviorassumethatpeopleareonlyrational（理性的）whentheynarrowlypursuetheirownself-interest,buthistoryshowsusthatpeoplearealsotremendouslyconcernedwithbeingandappearingmoral"?So,thefearofone*sreputationbeingdamagedisoftenastrongmotivatortobemora1?Andifsomeonehasbeenimmoral,mostpeoplegooutoftheirwaytomakesurenoonefindsout,ortocorrectthebehaviorinordertonotbecaught.Thisgoesinlinewithconscienceaswel1?Peoplegenerallyfeelinabetterpsychologicalstateiftheyfeelthattheirconscienceisclean?Adirtyconsciencecanresultinalackofsleep,anxiety,internalstress,andevenillness?Onthesideofphilosophy,thestudyofethics(倫理)comesintoplay.Mostphilosophersagreethatoneshouldrationallychooseasetofstandardsofbehaviorinordertofunction?Thoughthereismoralrelativism,thereareuniversalanthropological(人類學(xué)的)morals,asmentionedintheintroduction?Bythenatureofoursocietiesandcultures,wechoosewhatwebelieveisrightandwrong?Butsurprising,thisrationalbehaviorcomestoageneralagreementonmorals?So,thereisafinelinebetweenmoralrelativismandmoralabsolutism?Butthemainthingtotakeawayfromthisdiscussionisthatphilosophersgenerallybelievethateachindividualhastherighttorationallycomeupwithasetofethicstoliveby,andthatitishealthytodoso.Theauthordiscussesmorality(Paragraph1)inordertoD?A?explaintherelationshipbetweenmoralityandcultureB?describethemoralrulesfoundallaroundtheworldC?contrastthedistinctionbetweenrightandwrongD?introducethedefinition,principlesandreasonsofmoralityItcanbeinferredfromthepassagethatA?A.actingmoralallowsustofitintogroupsbetterB?morelitybringsthesystemofcontrollingbehaviorsC?actingimmoralweakenslawsandculturalstandardsD?OurcontrolledbehaviorsestablishsetsofmoralsWhichofthefollowingisthepsychologicalbasisforactingmoral?A.Pursuitofself-interest?B?Acleanconscience?C?Theconcernaboutreputation?D.Adirtyconscience?Whatdoestheauthoradviseustodoaccordingtothelastparagraph?A?Toreachageneralagreementonmoralsbasedonethics?B?Tocarveone'sownsenseofethicstooperateinthisworld?C?Tochoosebetweenmoralrelativismandmoralabsolutism.D?Toexcludephilosophers*beliefsandsolutionsaswel1?SectionCDirections:Readthepassagecarefully?Fillineachblankwithapropersentencegiveninthebox?Eachsentencecanbeusedonlyonce.Notethattherearetwomoresentencesthanyouneed?.(★★★)TherobotsalsocarriedaniPadthatallowedforremotevideocommunicationwithahealthcareprovider?Upto30percentoftheparticipantsreportedthattheywereconcernedwiththeroboticsystem.C?ResearchersfromMITandBrighamandWomen*sHospitalrecentlysetouttoanswerthatquestion?D?Currentlytheprocessrequiresseveralpeopletoperform.E?However,thequestionstillremainedwhetherpatientswouldbereceptivetothistypeofinteraction.F?Theresultsofthisstudygiveussomeconfidencethatpeoplearereadyandwillingtoengagewithusonthosefronts?TheroboticdoctorwillseeyounowIntheageofsocialdistancing,usingrobotsforsomehealthcareinteractionsisapromisingwaytoreducein-personcontactbetweenhealthcareworkersandsickpatients?However,akeyquestionthatneedstobeansweredishowpatientswillreacttoarobotenteringtheexamroom.(1)C?InastudyperformedintheemergencydepartmentatBrighamandWomen*s,theteamfoundthatalargemajorityofpatientsreportedthatinteractingwithahealthcareproviderviaavideoscreenfixedonarobotwassimilartoanin-personinteractionwithahealthcareworker?/zWe*reactivelyworkingonrobotsthatcanhelpprovidecaretomaximizethesafetyofboththepatientandthehealthcareworkforce? (2)F?Inalargeronlinesurveyconductednationwide,wealsofoundthatamajorityofrespondentswereopentohavingrobotsperformminorproceduressuchastakinganoseswab(拭子)?"saysGiovanniTraverso,anMITassistantprofessorofmechanicalengineering,andtheseniorauthorofthestudy.AftertheCovid-19pandemicbeganearlylastyear,Traversoandhiscolleaguesturnedtheirattentiontowardnewstrategiestominimizeinteractionsbetweenpotentiallysickpatientsandhealthcareworkers?Tothatend,theyworkedwithBostonDynamicstocreateamobilerobotthatcouldinteractwithpatientsastheywaitedintheemergencydepartment?Therobotswereequippedwithsensorsthatallowthemtomeasurevitalsigns,includingskintemperature,breathingrate,andpulserate? (3)A?Thestudysuggeststhatitcouldbeworthwhiletotrytodeveloprobotsthatcanperformproceduresthatcurrentlyrequirealotofhumaneffort,suchasturningapatientoverinbed,theresearcherssay.TurningCovid-19patientsontotheirstomachshasbeenshowntoimprovetheirbloodoxygenlevelsandmakebreathingeasier? (4)D?AdministeringCovid-19testsisanothertaskthatrequiresalotoftimeandeffortfromhealthcareworkers,whocouldbearrangedforothertasksifrobotscouldhelpperformswabs?IV?SummaryWriting.(★★[Directions:Readthefollowingthreepassages?Summarizethemainideaandthemainpoint(s)ofthepassageinnomorethan60words?Useyourownwordsasfaraspossible?WhatMakesanIdealFriend?Tosaywhatanidealfriendisisnottheeasiestthingtodo.Eachpersonhashisorherownopinionofwhatonewouldbe.However,speakinggenerally,thesearecertainfea