2021屆中考英語(yǔ)閱讀理解強(qiáng)化訓(xùn)練（五）文化類

2021屆中考英語(yǔ)閱讀理解強(qiáng)化訓(xùn)練（五）

文化類

（一）

Howdoyouspendyoursparetime?Therewillbedifferentanswerstoit.Mostpeoplein

Polandhavetheirownwaysofspendingfreetime.Sometimestheyjustwanttohavearest,but

theytrytodosomethingmorepleasantmostofthetime.Theyhavemanydifferenthobbies,

whichhelpthemtogetawayfromtheireverydayproblemsandspendtheirfreetimehappily.

ManyPolishpeopleliketravelling.Theylookfornewplacesthattheyhaveneverbeentoand

addnewandexcitingexperiencestotheirjourney.Someofthemliketoclimbmountains,others

liketogototheseaoralaketoswim,becausethesecanmakethemgetexerciseandaregood

fortheirhealth.

ManyPolishpeoplealsoliketowatchsportsintheirfreetime.Theyareusuallycrazyabout

football,andfootballisregardedasthePolishnationalsport.Manyfootballfansmaysupporta

certainteam,sotheygotowatcheverymatchoftheteamtheysupport,andtheybuymany

thingsthathaveanyrelationwiththeteam.Watchingasportanddoingitarebothgoodwaysto

relax.

Inaddition,doctorssaythatdoingsportsisverygoodforthehealth.Manypeopleintown,

especiallyyoungmen,oftengotothegymtoattendtheexerciseclassestokeepfit.

Besidestheseways,Polishpeoplehavemanyotherwaystospendtheirfreetime.Andthey

reallyenjoytheirfreetime.

1.Polishpeoplehavemanydifferenthobbiesinorderto.

A.solvetheirdailyproblemsB.finishalltheirwork

C.makesomefriendsD.relaxthemselvesintheirsparetime

2.WhydosomePolishpeoplelikeclimbingmountains?

A.Becausetheyhatetravelling.B.Becausetheycangetexercisefromit.

C.Becausetheycanfindanewplace.D.Becauseitiscomfortableandfunny.

3.WhichofthefollowingsportsisNOTmentionedinthepassage?

A.Playingfootball.B.CIimbingmountains.C.Skating.D.Swimming.

4.WhatisthemainideaofParagraph3?

A.FootballismanyPolishpeople'sfavouritesport.

B.YoungPolishpeopleoftengotothegym.

C.AIIthePolishpeopledosportsintheirsparetime.

D.MostPolishpeopledon'tlikewatchingsports.

5.Whatcanwelearnfromthepassage?

A.Polishcultureiscolourful.

B.Polishpeoplehavemanywaysofspendingfreetime.

C.Adoctorcangiveyougoodadvice.

D.Thereisnoneedtodosportsoroutdooractivities.

（二）

LastsummerIwenttooneoftheworld'smostfamoushistoricalplaces,theForbiddenCityin

Beijing,China.Itwasthehomeoftheemperorsofthelasttwodynasties（朝代）inChina,the

MingandQingdynasties.

TheForbiddenCitywascompletedin1420.Thepalacehasabout9,000rooms.Itwasthere

thattheemperorsdealtwiththeofficialbusinesswiththeirministers.

InMandarin（普通話），theForbiddenCityiscalled"ZijinCheng".However,thecolourofthe

palaceitselfisnotpurple.Thecolourpurple（"Zi"）standsforthepowerofthegreatemperorsof

China.Itwassosacred（神圣的）thatthecommonerscouldnotevendreamofevergoingin.

TheemperoralsohadsomeofthelargestfestivalcelebrationsattheForbiddenCity.During

ChineseNewYear,theemperorwouldinviteallthemembersofhisfamilyandhisofficialstoa

banquet.ThebanquethadahundredandeightChinesedishes.Itwassuchanexpensivebanquet

thatitcouldfeedacommoner'sfamilyforthreegenerations（代）.

RightnowtheForbiddenCityisknownasahistoricalsitefortouristsfromallovertheworld.

Everyonecangointoit.ItisamuseumwithpricelessChineseantiques（古董）andtreasures.

IreallylearntalotabouttheChinesecultureanditshistoryfromthistriptotheForbiddenCity.

ItwaslikeadreamcomingtruetogoonthetripandseethethingsthatIhadalwayswantedto

see.

l.HowlongisthehistoryoftheForbiddenCity?

A.About600years.B.About9,000years.C.1,420years.D.Over10,000years.

2.Wecallthepalace"ZijinCheng"becausethecolourpurpleisthesymbolfortheofthe

emperor.

A.powerB.fameC.wealthD.health

3.What'stheChinesemeaningoftheunderlinedword"banquet"inParagraph4?

A.表演B.比賽C.展覽D.宴會(huì)

4.WhichofthefollowingisNOTtrueabouttheForbiddenCityinthepassage?

A.Theemperorslivedthere.B.Thewallofitispurple.

C.ltisahistoricalplaceforvisiting.D.Theemperorhadfestivalcelebrationsthere.

5.InthepassagethewriterwantstoshowusoftheForbiddenCity.

A.thebeautyB.thetreasuresC.thechangesinuseD.thebuildingprocess

（三）

Livinginaforeigncountrycanbeexciting,butitcanalsobeconfusing（令人迷惑的）.Agroup

ofAmericanswhotaughtEnglishinothercountriesrecentlydiscussedtheirexperiences.They

decidedthatmiscommunicationswerealwayspossible,evenoversomethingassimpleasnyes"

and"no".

OnherfirstdayinMicronesia,anislandinthePacific,Lisathoughtpeopleweren'tpayingany

attentiontoher.Thedaywashot.Shewentintoastoreandasked,"Doyouhavecolddrinks?"

Thewomantheredidn'tsayanything.Lisarepeatedthequestion.Stillthewomansaidnothing.

Shelaterlearnedthatthewomanhadansweredher.Shehadraisedhereyebrows（眉毛），which

inMicronesiameans"yes".

JanrememberedanexperienceshehadinBulgaria,acountryinEurope.Shewenttoa

restaurantthatwasknownforitscabbage（卷心'菜）.Sheaskedthewaiter;"Doyouhavecabbage

today?1'Henoddedhishead.Janwaited,butthecabbagenevercame.Inthatcountry,anod

means"no".

TomhadasimilarproblemwhenhearrivedinIndia.Afterexplainingsomethinginclass,he

askedhisstudentsiftheyunderstood.Theyansweredwithmanydifferentnodsandshakesofthe

head.Hethoughtsomestudentshadnotunderstood,soheexplainedagain.Whenheasked

again,theydidthesamething.Hesoonfoundoutthathisstudentsdidunderstand.InIndia,

peoplenodandshaketheirheadsindifferentwaysdependingon（取決于）wheretheycome

from.Youhavetoknowwhereapersonisfromtounderstandwhethertheymean"yes"or"no".

l.TheseAmericansteachingEnglishinothercountriesfoundthatthey.

A.shouldgoabroadforvacationsB.neededtolearnforeignlanguages

C.shouldoftendiscusstheirexperiencesD.hadproblemswithcommunications

2.PeopleinMicronesiashow"yes"by.

A.noddingheadsB.raisingeyebrowsC.shakingheadsD.saying"no"

3.Tommisunderstoodhisclassatfirstbecause.

A.hedidnotknowmuchaboutIndiancultureB.hedidn'texplaineverythingclearlyenough

C.somestudentsdidn'tunderstandhisquestionsD.hedidn'tknowwherethestudentscamefrom

4.WhichofthefollowingisTRUEaccordingtothispassage?

A.lnBulgaria,noddingheadsmeans"no".BJantaughtEnglishonaPacificisland.

C.Lisawastryingtobuysomecabbage.D.lnIndia,onlyshakingheadsmeans"yes".

5.Thepassageismainlyabout.

A.bodylanguageinforeignrestaurantsB.classdiscussioninIndianschools

C.miscommunicationsindifferentculturesD.Englishteachinginothercountries

(四)

ThereisatownnearSuzhou.Itisveryinterestingandbeautiful.ThisisLuxiang,anoldtown.

LuxiangwasbuiltintheSouthernSongDynasty(11277279).Thereweremanyfamous

peoplelivinginthetownatthattime.

Therearearound30oldbuildingsofMingandQing(16447912)dynastiesnow.Peoplelive

asimplelife.Sixlanes(巷)inthetowngotoTaihuLake.Luxianglooksmorebeautifulinspring,

withmanyteatreesandfruitgardens.ThisplaceisfamousfortheteacalledBiluochun.

TheEgyptianpyramidswerebuiltaround2,560B.C.ThelargestoneofthemistheGreat

PyramidofKhufu.TheKing,Khufu,builtitashistomb.

TheGreatPyramidwasconsideredauniquebuildinginthe19thcenturyA.D.Atthattime,it

wasstillthetallestintheworld.Accordingtoscientificresearch,Khufuorderedhismentobuild

itstonebystone.Thebiggeststoneweighs15tons,andeachstonewasfixedsowell.

TheGreatPyramidhasfoursidesandeachsideis230.4metreslongand146.5metreshigh.At

thattime,therewerenomodernmachinesorequipment,sohowdidtheancientEgyptiansbuild

it?Tothisday,itisstillamystery.

l.ManyfamouspeoplewerelivinginLuxiang.

A.from1127to1279B.from1644to1912

C.from1127to1644D.from1279to1912

2.Luxiangisfamousfor.

A.fruitgardensB.teatreesC.BiluochunD.sixlanes

3.Inordertobuildhistomb,theKingKhufubuilt.

A.theancientpyramidsB.theEgyptainpyramids

C.theGreatPyramidD.themysteriouspyramids

4.BuildingtheGreatPyramidisstillamysterynow,because.

A.eachstonewasfixedwell

B.therewerenomodernmachinesorequipmentthen

C.itwasmadeofstones

D.itwasthetallestbuildingintheworld

5.WhichofthefollowingisTRUE?

A.EachsideoftheGreatPyramidis230.4metreslongand146.5metreswide.

B.LuxiangisfarawayfromSuzhou.

C.Luxianglooksmorebeautifulexceptspring.

D.Inthe19thcenturyA.D.,theGreatPyramidwasspecialandunusual.

（五）

Peopleuselanguagestocommunicate.Anylanguagehasitswaystoexpresspeople'sminds.

Oneofthewaysincommonistheuseofidioms.Anidiomisagroupofwords.Ithasaspecial

meaningthatisdifferentfromtheusualmeaning.Forexample,undertheweatherisanidiom

meaningill.Sowhenpeoplesay'Tmundertheweather,"theyaresayingthatthey'renotfeeling

well.Anotherexample,inallweathersmeansinallkindsofweather.So,"Therearehomeless

peoplesleepingonthestreetsinallweathers"tellsusthathomelesspeoplesleeponthestreets

nomatterwhetheritiscoldorhot.

Differentlanguagesmayhavedifferentwaystomakeidioms.Forpeoplewhoarelearninga

foreignlanguage,idiomscouldcausemisunderstandingsandbringthemendlessheadaches.On

theotherhandthingsaredoneright,idiomscanalsobeafunwayoflookingintoanewculture

andunderstandinghowthepeoplethinkandtalk.

Metaphor（比喻）isoftenusedinidioms.Let'sreadthefollowingtwoexamples:

?Itmakesmybloodboil（煮沸）thenpeoplelitter.

?Thenightwasdarkandquiet;mybloodrancoldwhenIheardastrangenoiseoutsideat

darknight.

Inneithersituationabove,ourbloodcanreachthepointsohighorsolowintemperature.Yet,

withthesituationsthetwosentencescreated,itisnotdifficulttoworkouttheunhappyfeelings

ofreallyangryinthefirstexampleandveryafraidinthesecond.

Ofcourse,notallidiomsarethiseasytounderstand.Whenwecometoidiomsofaforeign

language,agooddictionaryofidiomsisalwayssuggested.

l.ThispassagetellsussomethingaboutintheEnglishlanguage.

A.grammarB.writingC.readingD.idioms

2.Ifyourbrotherbreaksyourcomputer,youcansaytohim,"

A.l'mundertheweatherB.l'mthereinall

weathers

C.You'vemademybloodboilD.Mybloodrunscold

3.Whatisthewriter'sadvicewhenyoucometoanexpressionlikeundertheweather?

A.Weshouldlookitupinagoodidiomdictionary.

B.Weshouldtrytoexpressourmindswithit.

C.Weshouldfindaninterestingwaytolearnit.

D.Weshouldcreatesituationstoguessitsmeaning.

（六）

FormostpeopleintheWest,Valentine'sDay（1W人節(jié)）iscelebratedonFebruary14,buthere

inJapanit'sonMarch14—exactlyonemonthafterValentine*sDay—calledWhiteDay.

ToreallyunderstandwhatWhiteDayisallabout,youhavetounderstandwhatValentine's

DayinJapanislike.JapaneseValentine'sDayisallaboutmengettingpresents.Japanesewomen

areusuallytooshytoshowtheirlove,thoughitmightnotbetruetoday.Valentine'sDayisa

greatchancetoletwomenshowtheirfeelings.Doesitsoundgoodtoyou?Don'tgettooexcited

whenyougetchocolatefromJapanesegirls!TheygivechocolatenotonlyIotheirlovedones,but

alsotomensuchasbosses（老板）andmale（男t生的）friends.Menshouldreturngiftstowomen

onWhiteDay.

Onbothdays,chocolateisthegiftofchoice.Moreoften,thecolourofthechocolateiswhite

becauseofthenameoftheday.Youcanalsobuyflowers,candies,orcookies.

TheJapanesefirstcelebratedWhiteDayin1978.NowitisalsocelebratedinSouthKorea

andTaiwan,China.

1.InJapan,WhiteDayison.

A.February14B.February15C.March14D.March15

2.What'sthemostcommonWhiteDaygift?

A.Whitechocolate.B.Flowers.C.Candies.D.Cookies.

3.Whatcanwelearnfromthepassage?

A.WhiteDayhasahistoryof100years.

B.Womencangetgi代sonWhiteDay.

C.PeopleallovertheworldcelebrateWhiteDay.

D.OnWhiteDaygirlsonlygivegiftstotheirboyfriends.

4.What'sthebesttitleofthepassage?

A.TheHistoryofValentine'sDayB.Valentine'sDayintheUS

C.HowtoCelebrateWhiteDayD.WhiteDayinJapan

5.Thewriterofthispassagemaybefrom.

A.JapanB.ChinaC.AmericaD.SouthKorea

答案以及解析

(-)

1.答案：1-5.DBCAB

解析:1.細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)第一段中的whichhelpthemtogetawayfromtheireveryday

problemsandspendtheirfreetimehappily可知，波蘭人有許多不同的愛(ài)好，目的是遠(yuǎn)離日常的

問(wèn)題,在業(yè)余時(shí)間放松自己，故選D項(xiàng)。

2.細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)第二段中的"Someofthemliketoclimbmountains,othersliketogotothe

seaoralaketoswim,becausethesecanmakethemgetexerciseandaregoodfortheirhealth."

可知，他們中的一些人喜歡爬山，其他人喜歡去大?；蚝从斡?因?yàn)檫@些可以讓他們得到鍛

煉，并且對(duì)他們的健康有好處。故選B項(xiàng)。

3.細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)第二、三、四段可知,文章提到了踢足球、游泳和爬山,沒(méi)有提及滑冰，故

選C項(xiàng)。

4.主旨大意題。根據(jù)第三段全段內(nèi)容，尤其是"Theyareusuallycrazyaboutfootball,andfootball

isregardedasthePolishnationalsport."可知本段主要介紹足球是許多波蘭人最喜歡的運(yùn)動(dòng),

故選A項(xiàng)。

5。.主旨大意題。文章主要介紹了波蘭人有很多種度過(guò)業(yè)余時(shí)間的方式，故選B項(xiàng)。

答案：1-5AADBC

解析：1.細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)第二段中的"TheForbiddenCitywascompletedin1420."可知紫禁城

距今有大約600年的歷史了。

2.細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)文中的"Thecolourpurple('Zi')standsforthepowerofthegreatemperorsof

China."可知"紫"代表中國(guó)皇帝的權(quán)力，故選A項(xiàng)。

3.詞義猜測(cè)題。根據(jù)文章第四段中的"ThebanquethadahundredandeightChinesedishes."可

知這個(gè)"banquet"有108道菜，由此可知選D項(xiàng)。

4.細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)第三段中的"However,thecolourofthepalaceitselfisnotpurple."可知這座

宮殿本身不是紫色的，因此選B項(xiàng)。

5.主旨大意題。文中作者通過(guò)對(duì)紫禁城古今的對(duì)比，旨在說(shuō)明其在使用上的變化。

(三)

答案：1-5DBAAC

解析：1.細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)文中的"Theydecidedthatmiscommunicationswerealwayspossible"

可知選Do

2.細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)文中的"Shehadraisedhereyebrows,whichinMicronesiameans,yes'."可知

選Bo

3,推理判斷題。通讀最后一段我們可以知道湯姆起初誤解他的學(xué)生們是因?yàn)樗麑?duì)印度文化不

了解。故選A。

4.細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)第三段中的"inBulgaria”和“Inthatcountry,anodmeans'no'.”可知只有A

是正確的。故選A。

5.主旨大意題。這篇短文主要講述的是身處不同文化中時(shí)發(fā)生的溝通誤解。故選C。

（四）

答案：1-5ACCBD

解析：1.細(xì)節(jié)理解題。由LuxiangwasbuiltintheSouthernSongDynasty（1127~12