人教版英語選修七第一單元語法

afford,agree,appear,arrange,ask,attempt,choose,claim,dare,decide,demand,deserve,determine,expect,fail,get,guarantee,hate,help,hope,hurry,intend,learn,long,manage,offer,plan,prepare,pretend,promise,refuse,seem,tend,threaten,want,wish

Whichverbscanbenormallyfollowedbytheinfinitive?

Remember!第一頁第二頁，共19頁。

動(dòng)詞不定式(Infinitive)由“to+do”構(gòu)成,否定形式____________

FunctionsofInfinitive:主語、表語、賓語、賓補(bǔ)、定語、狀語nottodo第二頁第三頁，共19頁。1.不定式作主語(subject)Tofinishthisreporttookhimaweek.眼見為實(shí)。Toseeistobelieve.=Seeingisbelieving.It’simpossible_____humanstoflylikeabirdnow.It’spolite____youtogreeteveryone.

單個(gè)不定式作主語時(shí)，謂語動(dòng)詞用______。若不定式太長，通常將其放句后，而用it作________。forof單數(shù)形式主語第三頁第四頁，共19頁。2.不定式作表語(Predicative)WhatIwouldsuggestistoputoffthemeeting.Toseeistobelieve.=Seeingisbelieving.主語為不定式，表語也需為_______.我的工作是要幫助病人。Myjobis________________.不定式常用在系動(dòng)詞be,seem,appear,get,remain等后作表語．Theonlythingtodonowis(to)goon.WhatI’lldois(to)tellherthetruth.Allhedidjustnowwas(to)completetheform.P.S:當(dāng)主語含有______________，作表語的不定式可省略____.不定式do的某種形式totohelpthepatients第四頁第五頁，共19頁。3.不定式作賓語(Object)Idecidedtoaskformymoneyback.It作________：

我覺得他不可能在這么短的時(shí)間內(nèi)完成任務(wù)。Ifeel

itimpossibleforhim________________insuchashorttime.

+it+adj./n.+(forsb.)+todosth.

形式賓語tofinishthejobthink/consider/find/feel/believesuppose/make第五頁第六頁，共19頁。4.不定式作賓補(bǔ)(ObjectComplement)1)帶to的不定式作賓補(bǔ)結(jié)構(gòu)： 動(dòng)詞:allow,order,force,permit,tell,want,wish,forbid,advise,persuade,warn等后皆帶______作賓補(bǔ)。2)不帶to的不定式作賓補(bǔ):Hemadeafaceandmadeuslaugh.

類似用法的動(dòng)詞還有：使役動(dòng)詞make,have,let;感官動(dòng)詞see,watch,observe,hear,listento,

notice被動(dòng)語態(tài)Hemadeafaceandwe__________________.weremadetolaugh若上述結(jié)構(gòu)變?yōu)楸粍?dòng)語態(tài),to要還原。V.+sb.+todo第六頁第七頁，共19頁。

1.Theysawtheboyfallsuddenlyfromthetree.Theboywasseentofallsuddenlyfromthetree.2.MothermadeJohnwashthecarforaweek.

Johnwasmadetowashthecarforaweek.第七頁第八頁，共19頁。5.不定式作定語(Attribute)Couldyoulendmeapen_____________(write)?Heislookingforaroom_______________(live).Pleasepassmesomepaper___________(write).

若todo與被修飾的詞為_____關(guān)系時(shí)，不定式后介詞不可省。towrite

withtolive

intowrite

on動(dòng)賓第八頁第九頁，共19頁。5.不定式作定語(Attribute)1.Autumnisthebesttimetotravel.2.Sheisalwaysthefirsttocomeandthelasttoleave. P.S：當(dāng)名詞被thefirst,thelast等序數(shù)詞以及adj.最高級修飾時(shí)，通常用不定式作定語。第九頁第十頁，共19頁。something,anything,nothing,everything等不定代詞常用不定式做后置定語。 Doyouhaveanything_________(send)

?

Ihavenothing_________(say)

.tosendtosay第十頁第十一頁，共19頁。6.不定式作狀語(Adverbial)1)目的狀語(todo,inorderto,soastodo)Istayedtheretoseewhatwouldhappen.Hespokeloudlyinordertobeheard.

2)結(jié)果狀語(too…todo,so/such…astodo)Helayinthebedonly_______hisfeetexposed.Hegotthereonly________(find)thetraingone.3)原因狀語(be+adj.+todo

)

sorry,surprised,happy,glad,eager,angry,foolish,right,wrong,slow,quick,rude,cruel…

Wewereveryexcitedtohearthenews.Ihavetosaygoodbyenow.I’mhappytomeetyou.tofindtofind第十一頁第十二頁，共19頁。[辨析]doing/todo

作結(jié)果狀語Iwenttoseemyauntonlytofindherout.Iwenttoseemyaunt,findingherout.Hedonatedalotofmoney__________(enable)theorphanstogotoschool.Hedonatedalotofmoney,__________(enable)theorphanstogotoschool.toenableenabling第十二頁第十三頁，共19頁。動(dòng)詞不定式的時(shí)態(tài)和語態(tài)形式主動(dòng)被動(dòng)一般式進(jìn)行式完成式完成進(jìn)行式todotohavedonetobedoingtohavebeendoingtobedonetohavebeendone第十三頁第十四頁，共19頁。(1)Theypretendednottoseeus.(2)Hepretendedtobesleeping.

(3)Shepretendedtohaveknownitbefore.(在謂語動(dòng)詞發(fā)生的同時(shí),不定式的動(dòng)作也正在進(jìn)行。)(完成式表示動(dòng)作發(fā)生在謂語動(dòng)作之前。)(4)We’rehappytohavebeenworkingwith

you.(完成進(jìn)行式表示謂語動(dòng)作發(fā)生之前,不定式的動(dòng)作一直在進(jìn)行而且可能之后也繼續(xù)。)Itisanhonorforme__________(invite)toattendthemeeting.Hewantsthehouse____________(repair)atonce.tobeinvitedtoberepaired第十四頁第十五頁，共19頁。stoptodosth.停下來去做某事doingsth.停止做某事forgettodosth.忘記去做某事doingsth.忘記已做了某事remembertodosth.記得去做某事

doingsth.記得曾經(jīng)做某事注意：一、幾對易混淆的詞組第十五頁第十六頁，共19頁。一些動(dòng)詞不定式可用作獨(dú)立成分，表示說話人的態(tài)度。totellthetruth說實(shí)話tobehonest坦率地說tobeginwith首先nottosay更不用說注意：二、不定式做插入語第十六頁第十七頁，共19頁。1愛和被愛都是最大的幸福。_____________________arebothgreathappine