Unit2GrammarTask復(fù)習講義牛津譯林版英語八年級上冊

教學目標教學內(nèi)容復(fù)習unit2語法和task部分重點、難點更好地掌握比較級和最高級的意義靈活運用more/most,fewer/fewest,less/least的句型教學過程重點詞匯短語numberofstudents【固定結(jié)構(gòu)】thenumberof...“...的數(shù)量、數(shù)目，號碼”，后面要接可數(shù)名詞，表示名詞的數(shù)量或號碼。e.g.Thenumberofmycaris86540.Thenumberofstudentsinourschoolis2,000.【拓展】thenumberof引導(dǎo)的名詞短語作主語時，其后謂語動詞必須用單數(shù)。e.g.Thenumberofworkersinthefactoryis5,000.anumberof"許多”，修飾可數(shù)名詞復(fù)數(shù)，相當于many，alotof或lotsof。number前面可用large，small等修飾表示程度。anumberof引導(dǎo)的短語作主語時，其后謂語動詞必須用復(fù)數(shù)。e.g.Anumberofstudentsarefondofmusic.【隨堂演練】根據(jù)句意用thenumberof或anumberof填空(1)thestudentsinourclassis65.(2)1haveletterstowrite.單項選擇Thenumberofteachersinourschoolgreatlyincreasedlastterm.Anumberofteachersinthisschoolfromthecountryside.was;isB.was;areC.were;areD.were;is重點句型分析1.Howmuchtimedostudentsspendonhomeworkeveryday?【句子結(jié)構(gòu)】此句相當于Howlongdostudentsspendonhomeworkeveryday?【解析】spend動詞，“花費（時間或金錢）”，固定句型結(jié)構(gòu)“主語+spend+時間／金錢+onsth./(in)doingsth”表示“某人在（做）某事上花費時間／金錢”。e.g.Ispenttwohoursonmyhomeworkyesterday.=Ispenttwohours(in)doingmyhomeworkyesterday.詞條含義意義spend花費(時間/金錢)主語通常為人，固定句型“Sb.+spend(s)+sometime/money+on／(in)doingsth.”cost花費(金錢)主語為物，固定句型“Sthcost(s)sb.somemoney”pay付(錢)主語為人，固定句型“Sb.+pay(s)somemoneyforsth”take花費(時間)it作形式主語，固定句型“Ittakes/tooksb.sometimetodosth”e.g.Everyday，Ispendonehour(in)watchingTV.Theskirtcostsme300yuan.Iwillpay60dollarsforthatdress.Itusuallytakesus30minutestoplaysportseveryafternoon.【隨堂演練】.Theyfivedaysfinishingthework.A.paidB.tookC..ItMr.Greenanhourtofixuphisbicycleyesterday.A.costB.paidC.spentD.took.Thisdresslooksbeautifulonyou.Howmuchisit?Itmemorethanathousandyuan.A.spentB.costC.took2.ChinesestudentshavemoreweeksoffforthesummerholidaysthanBritishstudents.【固定短語】havesometimeoff“有一段時間的假期”，其中have可用take替換”；off為副詞，可以和不同的詞組搭配，表示“休息；停止（工作）”，相當于livefromdayorweek.e.g.Sheisofftoday.Wehavetwomonthsoffinthesummertimeeveryyear.【注意】givesb.sometimeoff"準某人一段時間的假期”。e.g.Hisbossgavehimthreedaysoff.【拓展】副詞off常構(gòu)成短語：turnoff關(guān)，關(guān)掉takeoff脫下；起飛putoff延期falloff從……上落下【隨堂演練】.I’msorryyoudidn'thavefun.A.inyourdayoffB.onyourdayoffC.inyouroffdayD.onyouroffday.Don'ttoday'sworkfortomorrow.Today'sworkmustbedonetoday.A.putupB.putoutC.putoffD.giveup3.Ilookedthroughthequestionsquickly.【解析】lookthrough“瀏覽，快速查看”，相當于gothrough。例如：Herearethebooksforyoutolookthrough.【拓展】lookthrough“看穿；審核”。例如：Supermancanlookthroughwalls.【隨堂演練】我想在吃飯時把四份報紙看一遍。Itrytofournewspapersatthetable.4.Ireadveryslowlyatfirst,butIamdoingbetternow.【解析】atfirst“起初，首先”，相當于firstofall,是表示事情發(fā)生的先后順序。反義短語為finally,atlast或intheend.例如：Atfirstshejustsmiled,thenshestartedtolaugh.Ourfootballteamplayedbadlyatfirst,butduringthesecondhalf,theydidbetterandwewonthegameatlast/intheend.【隨堂演練】他起初剛到倫敦時很孤單。HewaslonelywhenhemovedtoLondon.Ialsokeepwriting①inEnglishaboutmydaily②life.【解析】①keep(on)doingsth“持續(xù)做某事，連續(xù)做某事”，表示保持同一動作的持續(xù)狀態(tài)或連續(xù)不斷的動作。keep動詞，“保持，繼續(xù)”。例如：Myfatherkeepsworkingtilllateeveryevening.Hekept(on)askingustorememberteamwork.【拓展】keepsb/sthdoingsth“讓某人/某物不停地做某事”，keep動詞，“使......處于某種狀態(tài)”。例如：Ikeptthemwaitingonthegate.Don’tkeepthefireburningwhenyouareout.②daily形容詞，“每日的；日常的”，相當于everyday.【固定短語】dailyEnglish“日常英語”，dailylife“日常生活”。例如：Now,ourdailylifeisaffectedbyputers.【拓展】daily名詞，”日報“，復(fù)數(shù)為dailies.例如：ChineseDailyisveryfamousinChina.【辨析】daily/everyday與everyday單詞用法daily/everyday形容詞時，只作名詞的前置定語everyday時間副詞狀語，不能作定語，常與一般現(xiàn)在時連用例如：Ienjoymydaily/everydaylife.Theygoshoppinginthetowneveryday.【隨堂演練】Ifwekeeptheland,thefarmerswillhavenowheretolive.Asweallknow,it’snotpolitetokeepothersforalongtime.(3)ShekeepsspeakingEnglish.A.everyday;everydayB.everyday;everydayC.everyday;everydayD.everyday;everyday(4)It’sgoodforstudentstospeakEnglish.’s;everydayB.daily;everydayC.everyday;everydayD.daily;everyday6.Whendoyoufinishschool?【解析】finish動詞，“完成；結(jié)束”，后接名詞、代詞或動名詞，但不能接動詞不定式?！竟潭ńY(jié)構(gòu)】finishdoingsth“完成做某事”。同義詞為end;反義詞為start.例如：Haveyoufinishedyourwork?Ifinishedreadingthebook.【提醒】在英語中有些類似finish的動詞，只能接動名詞作賓語，不能接不定式的還有：enjoy“喜歡”，mind“介意”，miss“錯過”，bebusy“忙于”等?！倦S堂演練】MayIhavearest?Ihavealreadyfinishedthereport.7.Wedonotneedtogetupearly,andwehavelotsoftimeforafterschoolactivities.【解析】havetimeforsth“有時間做某事”，其中time前面可以有l(wèi)otsof、具體時間、no等限定詞來修飾。例如：Mymotherhaslotsoftimeforhertrip.Ihavetwohoursformyhomework.WearebusysowehavenotimeforTV.【拓展】havetimeforsth相當于havetimetodosth“有時間做某事”。例如：Shehastolookafterhersickmother,soshehasnotimeforplaying/toplay.【隨堂演練】1.Myuncleisaworker,sohehaseighthoursforworkeveryday.=Myuncleisaworker,sohehaseighthourseveryday.2.學生們每天有兩個小時的活動時間。Studentstwohoursactivitieseveryday.8.Welistentomusicatlunchtime.【解析】atlunchtime“在午餐時間”，也可以寫成atlunchtime.例如：Weonlyhadalittlesnackatlunchtime.【拓展】atlunch“在吃午餐”；atbreakfast“早餐時，正吃早餐”；atdinner“在吃飯”You’dbetternotgotoseehimatlunch.【隨堂演練】這樣的話，我就可以在午餐時間來看您了，王老師！Icaneandseeyou,MissWang!重點語法講解（一）兩者比較數(shù)量①more...than...表示“...比...多”，其結(jié)構(gòu)為“more十可數(shù)名詞復(fù)數(shù)或不可數(shù)名詞+than...”e.g.IhavemoreapplesthanSimon=MyapplesaremorethanSimon's.PeterhasmorericethanLily(does).②fewer...than...或less...than...表示“...比...少”，其結(jié)構(gòu)為“fewer+可數(shù)名詞復(fù)數(shù)+than...”或“l(fā)ess+不可數(shù)名詞+than...”e.g.Thiscatcaughtfewermicethanthatone(did).LilyhaslessricethanPeter(does).【注意】固定結(jié)構(gòu)中的more是many和much的比較級；fewer是few的比較級；less是little的比較級。（二）三者或三者以上比較數(shù)量①themost...表示“最多...”，其結(jié)構(gòu)為“themost+可數(shù)名詞復(fù)數(shù)或不可數(shù)名詞”Johngotthemostpointsinhisclass.Simonhasthemostmoneyofthethree.②thefewest...或theleast...表示“最少...”，其結(jié)構(gòu)為“thefewest+可數(shù)名詞復(fù)數(shù)”或“theleast+不可數(shù)名詞”。Heatethefewestgrapesofthethreeboys.．在三個男孩子中他吃的葡萄最少。ThereistheleastmoneyinKitty'spurse.=Kittyhastheleastmoneyinherpurse.【注意】固定結(jié)構(gòu)中的most是many和much的最高級；fewest是few的最高級；least是little的最高級?！倦S堂演練】1.單項選擇(1)Ididn'tbuythesecondhandbookbecausethesellerwantedmoneythanIhadexpected.A.lessB.leastC.mostD.more(2)Heeats____foodthanhisbrother.A.fewB.littleC.fewer2.用themost,thefewest填空Andy,AmyandIareintheReadingClub.Wealllikereadingstorybooks.Ihavetenstorybooks.Andyhasfivestorybooks.Amyhasthree.Ihavestorybooksofus.Amyhasstorybooksofus.（三）副詞的比較級和最高級【解析】1.定義:副詞的比較級用于兩者之間程度的比較，三者或三者以上的程度的比較，要用最高級。2.常用句式結(jié)構(gòu)：①比較級：A+動詞十副詞比較級+than+B，表示“A較B...”。e.g.SandylistensmorecarefullythanJane.②最高級：A+謂語動詞(the)+最高級(+of/in／among短語)。e.g.Jackjumped(the)highestinhisclass.3.副詞的比較級和最高級的構(gòu)成方法：副詞的比較級、最高級和形容詞的比較級、最高級的構(gòu)成相似，分為規(guī)則和不規(guī)則變化。A.規(guī)則變化單音節(jié)詞和部分雙音節(jié)詞構(gòu)詞規(guī)則