2019外研社版高中英語選修二 Unit 2 Improving yourself 知識清單(學生版)

閱讀單詞認讀moderatorn.detoxn.fundraisingn.profilen.toweln.procrastinationn.spitv.headphonesn.binn.headlinen.toothpasten.soapn.itemn.unprecedentedlyadv.jarn.lifelongadj.likewiseadv.nailn.重點單詞識記v.(用開關)改變,轉換v.分散(注意力),使分心adv.持續(xù)不斷地;經(jīng)常地n.截止時間,最后期限adj.恰當?shù)?合適的n.地區(qū),區(qū)域n.構想,設想核心詞匯拓展__________n.平安,安全;安全措施→__________adj.安全的;可靠的;穩(wěn)固的__________v.激發(fā),激勵→__________n.動力,動機→__________adj.積極的;主動的__________v.占用,占去(時間)→__________n.占領,占用;職業(yè)→__________adj.忙于……的;使用中的__________n.接觸的機會→__________adj.可使用的;可接觸到的;可到達的;易懂的__________v.(為生活或生存而)依賴→__________adj.可信賴的__________adj.替他人著想的→__________n.仔細考慮;體諒;顧及→__________v.考慮;認為__________v.促進,增進→__________n.提升;晉升;促銷__________v.澄清,講清楚,闡明→__________n.澄清,闡明__________n.必需品;必然性→__________adj.必然的;必要的__________v.投資→__________n.投資額;投資;(時間、精力的)投入__________adv.客觀地→__________adj.客觀的n.目的;目標→__________v.反對;拒絕n.物體;對象__________v.使有知識和技能,使能夠勝任;裝備,配備→__________n.器材;設備核心短語速記(用開關)開,打開throwinthetowel依靠,依賴maxout與……形成對比(個人的)財務管理說服某人做某事經(jīng)過仔細考慮忙于……missout核實;查看;結賬離開遠離……的障礙控制,掌管thehereandnow儲存;留出(一段時間);把……撇開不理,不考慮geographyn.地理學geometryn.幾何(學)giftedadj.有天賦的;有才華的gloryn.巨大的光榮;榮譽graspvt.抓住;緊握;領會gratefuladj.感激的;感謝的greetingn.祝賀grievevi.感到悲痛,傷心vt.使傷心,為……而傷心groceryn.雜貨店groanvi.&n.呻吟,抱怨Noteatingfortwodayswouldhavebeeneasier!(wouldhavedone)讓我餓兩天可能還更輕松些！Tobehonest,Ididn’tfindthedetoxtoodifficult,butIdidgivemyphonetomydadtoavoidgivingin！(“do＋動詞原形”表強調(diào))說實話,我覺得社交媒體脫癮沒那么難,但為了讓自己不要半途而廢,我還是把手機上交給爸爸了。Afterreadingthepostsonthisforum,itseemsthatsomethingotherthanmoneyhasalsobeenraisedthroughthedetox.(itseemsthat...)看了論壇上的各個帖子,這次活動對人們的影響似乎遠遠不止通過活動籌集到的錢。Insidethebagsarenecessitiessuchastoothpaste,soapandsocks,boughtfirstwithherpocketmoneyandthenthroughcrowdfunding.(介詞短語置于句首的倒裝句)包里面裝著一些生活必需品,比如牙膏、肥皂和襪子等。最初購買這些物品用的都是她自己的零花錢,后來則是通過眾籌購買。Howeverpeopleintendtousetheirmoney,managingitseemstobeunprecedentedlyimportanttoyoungergenerations.(however引導讓步狀語從句)無論人們打算怎樣使用自己的錢,理財對于年輕一代來說似乎變得前所未有地重要。WhiletheSpendingjarisaboutthehereandnow,theSavingjargivesyouavisionforthefuture.(while表示“對比”)“消費”罐子關注的是眼前和當下,而“儲蓄”罐子則為你提供了未來的愿景。請先從表格中選用本單元所學詞匯完成下列短文,然后核對答案并背誦該短文。appropriate,switchon,occupy,access,constantlyThedaybeforeyesterdayIheardastoryaboutaboywhowas1.__________inplayingcomputergameswithheadphonesalltheday.Everydayfromdawntonight,helockedhimselfinhisroom,never2.__________thelight.Therewasnothingthatcoulddistracthisattentionfromcomputergames.Heneverwentoutuntilhehadtobuynecessities,letalonegoingtoschool.Forthisreason,hismothercried3.__________.Topromotehisstudy,hisfathertookawayhiscomputer.Therefore,no4.__________tothecomputerwasgiventohiminhisfamily.However,hereliedonthecomputersomuchthathewenttothenetbartoplay.Unfortunately,hishealthbrokedownafterplayingcomputergameswithoutfood,waterorrestforthreedays.Fromthismatter,wecanlearnthatweshouldmotivateteenagerstoobjectivelylookonthecomputerasatoolanduseit5.__________.提示：題干中加底紋詞匯為本單元詞匯switchv.(用開關)改變;轉換n.開關;轉換switchoff關上(電燈、電視等);斷掉(電源)switchon打開;接通switchover轉變;轉換;換臺switchto切換到;轉到Whenyouarenotintheroom,allthelightsandthefanshouldbeswitched__________.Hearrivedhomelateanddidnotswitch__________thelightsoasnottodisturbhisfamily.隨著科技的發(fā)展,我們已經(jīng)改用手機銀行了。Withthedevelopmentofscienceandtechnology,wetelephonebanking.occupyv.占領;使用,占用;使忙于;忙著(occupiedadj.已占用的;無空閑的;忙于……的occupationn.工作;職業(yè);占領)occupyoneselfwithsth/(in)doingsth忙于(做)某事keepsboccupied使某人忙碌beoccupiedwithsth/(in)doingsth忙于(做)某事IsupposeIamlookingforan__________(occupy)whichmotivatesmetobepositive.Becausetheywereoccupiedinmakingandsellingpopcorn,theysparednotimetoplayaround.,theysparednotimetoplayaround.(用現(xiàn)在分詞短語作狀語改寫),theysparednotimetoplayaround.(用過去分詞短語作狀語改寫)accessn.(接近的)方法;通路;機會;權利(常與to連用);可接近性vt.進入;使用(accessibleadj.可接近的;可使用的;易懂的;隨和的)have/get/obtain/gainaccessto擁有……的機會;可以接近/進入giveaccessto準許進入/接近beaccessibleto可接近的;可靠近的;可使用的Thedeadlineofthecompetitionis__________(access)onthewebsitetothepublic.現(xiàn)在,隨著希望工程的實施,貧困地區(qū)的許多兒童有了接受教育的機會。NowadayswiththeHopeProjectcarriedout,manychildreninpoordistrictseducation.NowadayswiththeHopeProjectcarriedout,educationmanychildreninpoordistricts.equipv.配備;裝備;使有所準備;使有能力,使能夠勝任(equipmentn.[U]設備,器材;配備,裝備)equip...with...用……裝備……equipsbfor(doing)sth使某人為(做)某事而準備equipsbtodosth使某人具備做某事的條件beequippedwith配備有……(表狀態(tài))Itisclarifiedinareportthathumanbeingsarenaturallyequipped__________(speak).我們學校配備有許多從國外購買的先進設備。Ourschoolmuchadvanced__________boughtfromabroad.Heisequippedwithrichknowledgeandinterestingteachingmethods,somyEnglishteacherisverypopularamongusstudents.(應用文寫作之人物介紹)→,myEnglishteacherisverypopularamongusstudents.(用過去分詞短語作狀語改寫)relyon/upon依靠;依賴(reliableadj.可信賴的;可靠的)relyon/dependon/counton(doing)sth依賴/信任/指望(做)某事relyonsbtodosth指望/相信某人會做某事relyon/uponitthat...相信……;指望……Thosewhomotivateyouconstantlyare__________(rely)friends.我最尊敬我叔叔,因為每當我處于困境時,我都可以指望他給我一些實用的建議。IrespectmyunclemostbecauseIcanwheneverIamintrouble.(relyonsbtodo)IrespectmyunclemostbecauseIcanwheneverIamintrouble.(relyonitthat...)用法點撥介詞on后邊通常不能直接跟that引導的賓語從句,需要用it作形式賓語再接賓語從句。Itseemsthat...Afterreadingthepostsonthisforum,itseemsthatsomethingotherthanmoneyhasalsobeenraisedthroughthedetox.看了論壇上的各個帖子,這次活動對人們的影響似乎遠遠不止通過活動籌集到的錢。itseemsthat...似乎……seem(tobe)＋adj./n.看起來好像……seemtodo/tobedoing/tohavedone...看起來要做……/正在做……/已經(jīng)做了……Itseemsasif/though...看起來好像……Theenginejustwon’tstart.Somethingseems__________(go)wrongwithit.隨著社會的發(fā)展,我們似乎正在失去很多傳統(tǒng)。Withthedevelopmentofsociety,alotoftraditions.(it作形式主語)Withthedevelopmentofsociety,wealotoftraditions.介詞短語置于句首的倒裝句Insidethebagsarenecessitiessuchastoothpaste,soapandsocks,boughtfirstwithherpocketmoneyandthenthroughcrowdfunding.包里面裝著一些生活必需品,比如牙膏、肥皂和襪子等。最初購買這些物品用的都是她自己的零花錢,后來則是通過眾籌購買。介詞短語以及表示地點、方位或時間的副詞位于句首時,句子要用全部倒裝。此時謂語動詞一般為be動詞或lie,come,go,stand等動詞,且句子的主語為名詞。形容詞或分詞位于句首也可用全部倒裝。如果句子的主語為人稱代詞,則不用倒裝語序。Inthemiddleofthewoods__________(lie)adeeplake,whereyoucanfindvariousfishes.Theyarrivedatanoldcastle.Abigcrowdofpeoplestoodinfrontoftheoldcastle.→Theyarrivedatanoldcastle,.(改為含有定語從句的倒裝句)Thedaysaregonewhenwomenrelyonmentomakealiving.→whenwomenrelyonmentomakealiving.(改為倒裝句)(2022·全國甲)Itookthedogsoutfourtimesaday,andIworriedthatTillyconstantlyclimbingthestairscouldreopenthewound.我每天帶狗出去四次,因此我擔心蒂莉不斷地爬樓梯會重新打開傷口。(2022·全國甲)Thenextstep,accordingtotheresearchers,istotryandworkoutwhetherthecockatoosrelyentirelyonvisualclues...研究人員表示,下一步要試圖弄清楚鳳頭鸚鵡是否完全依賴視覺線索……(2022·全國甲)CaoandWualsocollectedgarbagealongtheroad,inordertopromoteenvironmentalprotection.曹和吳還在沿路收集垃圾,以促進環(huán)境保護。(2021·新高考全國Ⅰ)ThehostelsinRomeofferabedinadormroomforaround25$anight,andforthat,you’lloftengettostayinacentrallocationwithsecurityandcomfort.羅馬的旅社會提供單人間單人床,每晚收費大約25美元。因此,通常你需要住在安全舒適的市中心。(2020·天津)Itencouragesustooccupyourownlittlecorner,toavoidfoolishleapsintothedark,tobesatisfied.它鼓勵我們占據(jù)自己的小角落,避免愚蠢地跳進黑暗,使我們自我滿足。提示：題干中加底紋詞匯為上一單元詞匯一詞多義練/熟詞生義練——清除閱讀障礙accessA.n.通道，道路B.n.機會，權利C.v.存取Notonlydowehavefreeaccesstobasketballcourses,butalsoourschoolholdsvariouskindsofsportscompetitions.Thefileswereaccessedeverydaytokeepthemuptodate.Theonlyaccesstotheirhouseisalongthatnarrowroad.快速閱讀下列句子并猜測句中加黑詞匯的意思。Webroughtinalittlemoreofourownvision.Wecouldseetheprofileofadistanthillifitisveryclear.Wehavemanyitemstodiscussinourmeetingtoday.核心知識強化練——鞏固語言知識Somepeopleregardshynessasabarriercommunication,butthere’sevidencethatthiscanbebrokendowngradually.Onreflectionwedecidedtoputshort-terminvestmentandswitchovertolong-terminvestment.IwasdisheartenedtoseeIhadsomuchcredit-carddebt;Imaxedthemtopayformytraining.Incontrastmypreviousimpression,heisnotgoodatpersonalfinancesatall.Variedsitesarefreeand(access)toanyonewithanInternetconnection.Don’ttaketoomanyclothesandavoidheavybooksandelectrical(equip).Hegotalicenceandoccupiedanimportantpositioninthecompanycontrolofthenecessities.Asaconsequence,thenewpolicyhasbroughta(constantly)streamofvisitors.單句寫作——應用文增分練(使用網(wǎng)絡幫助做作業(yè)的優(yōu)缺點)利用互聯(lián)網(wǎng)做家庭作業(yè)本來會帶來諸多便利。(wouldhavedone)事實證明,利用互聯(lián)網(wǎng)幫助做作業(yè)的確存在弊端。(“do＋動詞原形”表示強調(diào))缺點之一是學生不能獨立思考。(完全倒裝)無論學生怎樣看待這個現(xiàn)象,我們都最好充分利用互聯(lián)網(wǎng)帶來的方便。(however引導讓步狀語從句)微型寫作——續(xù)寫提能練[教材續(xù)寫語料]動作描寫motivatev.激發(fā),激勵occupyv.占用,占去(時間)distractv.分散(注意力),使分心throwinthetowel認輸relyon依靠,依賴spitv.吐口水,吐唾沫promotev.促進,增進clarifyv.澄清,講清楚,闡明maxout(錢)花光;(信用卡)刷爆equipv.使有知識和技能,使能夠勝任人物描寫considerateadj.替他人著想的objectivelyadv.客觀地incontrastto與……形成對比[續(xù)寫語料運用]請從以上語料中選擇合適的詞匯,完成以下語段。然后核對答案并背誦該語段。一天,當湯姆開車時,一些黃色的背心分散了他的注意力。那是一些致力于環(huán)保工作的志愿者正在清理路邊的垃圾。與那些在公共場所隨地吐痰和亂扔垃圾的人不同,這些志愿者激勵他做一些促進環(huán)境保護的事情。經(jīng)過仔細思考,他決定加入志愿者,畢竟美麗的環(huán)境依靠每個人的貢獻。Oneday,whileTomwasbehindthewheel,someyellowvests.Itissomevolunteersdedicatedtoenvironmentalprotectionworkwhoarecleaningupthegarbageontheroadside.thosewhospitinpublicandlitterabout,thesevolunteers.Onreflectionhedecidedtojointhevolunteerssincethebeautifulenvironment.詞形變化填空(每小題3分,共18分)Hehasadecent__________and__________animportantpositioninthecompany.Heis__________withhisworkeveryday.(occupy)Theoldman__________hisdaughter-in-law__________becauseshealwaystakeseverythinginto__________whenshedealswithfamilyaffairs.(consider)Fallenrockscutofftheonly__________tothevillage,soitisnot__________totheoutsidenow.(access)Hehas__________hisopinionindetailbutsomeonestillcan’tunderstandhis__________.(clarify)Mostpeoplethinkacertainamountofstressisvitaltoprovide__________and