2022-2023學(xué)年浙江省高考英語模擬試卷

2023年高考英語新材料仿真模擬押題卷

（浙江專用卷）

全解全析

注意事項(xiàng)：

1.答卷前，考生務(wù)必將自己的姓名、準(zhǔn)考證號(hào)填寫在答題卡上。

2.回答選擇題時(shí)，選出每小題答案后，用鉛筆把答題卡上對(duì)應(yīng)題目的答案標(biāo)號(hào)涂黑。

如需改動(dòng)，用橡皮擦干凈后，再選涂其他答案標(biāo)號(hào)?；卮鸱沁x擇題時(shí)，將答案寫在答

題卡上，寫在本試卷上無效。

3.考試結(jié)束后，將本試卷和答題卡一并交回。

第一部分聽力（共兩節(jié)，滿分30分）

做題時(shí)，先將答案標(biāo)在試卷上。錄音內(nèi)容結(jié)束后，你將有兩分鐘的時(shí)間將試卷上的答

案轉(zhuǎn)涂到答題卡上。

第一節(jié)（共5小題；每小題分，滿分分）

聽下面5段對(duì)話。每段對(duì)話后有一個(gè)小題，從題中所給的A、B、C三個(gè)選項(xiàng)中選出最

佳選項(xiàng)。聽完每段對(duì)話后，你都有10秒鐘的時(shí)間來回答有關(guān)小題和閱讀下一小題。每

段對(duì)話僅讀一遍。

1.HowmanyclassesdoesthewomanhaveonThursday?

A.Two.B.Four.C.Five.

【答案】C

【原文】M:HenryhasfourclassesonWednesdayandPeterhasthree.

W:Ionlyhavetwo,butIhavefiveonThursday.

2.Whendidthewomanfinishherpaper?

A.At9a.m.B.At11a.m.C.At12noon.

【答案】A

［原文】M:Haveyoufinishedyourpaper,Mary?Ihandedmineinateleveno'clockinthe

morning.

W:Yes,Ihave.Ifinishedmineatnine,butI'llhanditinbytwelve.

3.WhywasPaulatthehospital?

A.Hewasill.

B.Hewasvisitinghissister.

C.HewasvisitingCelia.

【答案】B

【原文】M:Hello,Celia.Doyouknowwhat'swrongwithPaul?Isawhimatthehospital

today.

W:Heisfine.Hissisterjusthadababyandhewasvisitingher.

M:Really?Doyouthinkweshouldpayheravisit,too?

4.Whatcanweknowfromthedialogue?

A.Thewomantoldalie.

B.Thewoman'smotherfellillthismorning.

C.Thewomancouldtaketheexam.

【答案】A

【原文】M:Youaretoolate.Iamsorrybutyoucannottaketheexamnow.

W:Iamsorry,butmymotherwasillinbedthismorningandIhadtolookafterher.

M:Behonest!YourmotherwastalkingwiththepresidentinhisofficewhenIpassedby.

5.Whatkindofjobdoesthewomanprobablyapplyfor?

A.Ateacher.B.Asocialworker.C.Asecretary.

【答案】C

［原文］M:Whatqualificationsdoyouhaveforthejob?

W:I'vegotfiveyearsofteachingexperienceinahighschool,andIoncewasavolunteer

socialworker.Thatexperiencedevelopedmyabilityandpatience.

M:Beingasecretaryisdifferent.Youhavetodealwithroutinework,andthereshouldbeno

mistakes,notevenindetails.

第二節(jié)（共15小題；每小題分，滿分分）

聽下面5段對(duì)話或獨(dú)白。每段對(duì)話或獨(dú)白后有幾個(gè)小題，從題中所給的A、B、C三個(gè)

選項(xiàng)中選出最佳選項(xiàng)。聽每段對(duì)話或獨(dú)白前，你將有時(shí)間閱讀各個(gè)小題，每小題5秒

鐘；聽完后，各小題將給出5秒鐘的作答時(shí)間。每段對(duì)話或獨(dú)白讀兩遍。

聽下面一段對(duì)話，回答第6至第7兩個(gè)小題。

6.Whatdoesthewomanadvisethemantodo?

A.Havearest.B.Domoreexercise.C.Finishhispaper.

7.What'stheman'sattitudetowardsmountainclimbing?

A.Ifstough.B.It9swonderful.C.Ifsterrible.

【答案】6.B7.B

【原文】W:Daddy,howareyougoingtospendyourweekend?

M:Ineedtofinishmyresearchpaper.

W:Couldyougoclimbingwithme?

M:Honey,Iamsorry.Ihavenotime.

W:Oh,Daddy,youshoulddomoreexercise.Youaregettingalittleheavy.

M:Iamafraidyouareright.Recently,evengoingupstairsmakesmeoutofbreath.

W:Thengoclimbingwithme,Daddy.Mountainclimbingcanbuildyourmuscleslike

Popeye's.

M:Terrific!Itisalsogoodexercisetokeepmefit.

W:Igiveyoumyword:youmustfeelrefreshedaftermountainclimbing.

M:OK,Tilgo.

W:Ifsadeal.

M:Sure.

聽下面一段對(duì)話，回答第8至第9兩個(gè)小題。

8.Whatisthemandoing?

A.Checkingin.

B.Bookingaroom.

C.Inquiringaboutthehotel.

9.Howlongdoesbreakfastlast?

A.Twoandahalfhours.B.Twohours.C.Oneandahalfhour.

【答案】8.A9.C

【原文】W:HowmayIhelpyou?

M:Imadeareservationundermyname.

W:Whatisyourname,sir?

M:MynameisJohnSmith.

W:Youmadeareservationforasingleroom?

M:That'scorrect.Howmuchisit?

W:It's$200pernight.

M:Doesthatincludebreakfast?

W:Yes.Breakfastisservedintherestaurantonthefirstfloorfromseventhirtytonine

o'clock.

M:Okay.

W:Pleasefilloutthehotelregister,first.Howwouldyouliketopay?

M:Iwillpaybycard.

W:Thankyou.YoucantaketheelevatortoRoom308.Hereisthekey.

M:Thankyou.

下面一段對(duì)話，回答第10至第12三個(gè)小題。

10.WhydidthefirstMcDonald'srestauranthavenoseats?

A.Tomakepeopleeatquickly.

B.Tosavemoney.

C.lbavoidwashingdishes.

11.WhichMcDonald'ssellsthemosthamburgersintheworld?

A.TheHongKong'sMcDonald's.

B.OneinNewYork.

C.ThefirstMcDonald's.

12.Whatdowelearnfromtheconversation?

A.RayKrocrantheMcDonald'satfirst.

B.RayKrocboughtthefirstMcDonald'sfromMacandDick.

C.TherearemanychainstoresofMcDonald'sonlyinNewYork.

【答案】10.C11.A12.B

【原文】M:DoyouknowthefirstMcDonald9srestauranthadnoseatsforcustomerstosit

on?

W:Inthatcase,peoplehadtostandwhileeating,didn'tthey?

M:No.Mostpeopleboughtthefoodandtookitaway,andthat'sthewayMacandDick

thoughtoftoavoidwashingthedishes.

W:That'sagoodidea.ButwhoareMacandDick?

M:TheyaretwobrotherswhoranthefirstMcDonald's.LaterabusinessmancalledRay

Krocaskedtobuytheirbusiness.

W:Didthetwobrothersagree?

M:Yes.TheysoldthebusinesstoRayfor27milliondollars.

W:SotodaytherearesomanychainstoresofMcDonald's,right?

M:Exactly.ButwhichMcDonald'sdoyouthinksellsthemosthamburgersintheworld

everyday?

W:IguessacertainoneinNewYork.

M:No,no.It'stheHongKong'sMcDonald's.

W:Aha,it'shardtobelieve.

聽下面一段對(duì)話，回答第13至第16四個(gè)小題。

13.Howmanypeoplearecomingtothespeakers1home?

A.Two.B.Three.C.Four.

14.Whattransportationwillvisitorstake?

A.Bytrain.B.Byair.C.Bysea.

15.Howlongwillthevisitorsstayinthespeakers*home?

A.Aboutaweek.

B.Aboutamonth.

C.Awholesummervacation.

16.Whatcanweknowfromtheconversation?

A.TheboywillgotoFloridawithhisuncle.

B.Theboyhavetofinishhishomeworkathome.

C.Theboy'smotherwon'tallowhimtogotoFlorida.

【答案】13.B14.C15.A16.A

［原文】M:Hereisaletterforyou,Mum.

W:Thankyou,Tom.Oh,it'sfromUncleGeorge.

M:Whatdoeshesayintheletter?

W:Heiscomingtovisitus.AndhewillbringJoanandJacktoo.

M:Hownice!Whenwilltheyarrive?

W:Well,accordingtotheletter,theywillarrivenextFridaybecausetheyplantotakeaship

thistime.Itwillcostthemalotmoremoneyiftheycomebyair.

M:Willtheystayhereforthewholesummervacation,astheydidlastsummer?

W:Nojustforaweekorso.TheywanttogotoFloridatovisitAuntHelenafterthat.

M:CanIgoandvisitAuntHelentoo?Ihavenseenherforalmostayear.

W:ButI'mafraidyoucan'tfinishyourhomeworkintime.

M:Don'twon'y,Mum.Icantakemybookswithme.

W:OK,ifyousayso.

聽下面一段獨(dú)白，回答第17至第20四個(gè)小題。

17.Whatistheweatherlikeinthesoutheastofthecountry?

A.Sunny.B.Rainy.C.Dry.

18.Whatwillthehighesttemperaturebeinthenorth?

A.26℃.B.25℃.C.23℃.

19.Inwhichpartarethetemperaturesabouttheaveragefortheseasonduringtheday?

A.Thesoutheast.B.Thenorth.C.Thesouth.

20.What'stheweatherliketomorrow?

A.Itwillbesunnyinthenorth.

B.Temperaturewilldropalotinthesouth.

C.Itwillchangealotinthesouth.

【答案】17.B18.C19.C20.A

【原文】

M:Goodmorning.Here'stheforecastforthewholecountryuntildawntomorrow.Inthe

southofthecountry,therewillbethunderstormsinsomeplaces,especiallyinthesoutheast.

Inthenorth,thingsarealittlebetter,withonlytheoddshowershereandthere,butgenerally

afairlydrydaywithtemperaturesupto23degreesCentigrade.Movingintotheevening,any

cloudsthereshouldclearupandmostpartsofthenorthshouldhaveasunnyeveninganda

clearnight,withtemperaturesdroppingtonearfreezinginexposedareas.Tonightinthe

south,itshouldstaythesame,stillsomequiteheavyshowersinsomeplacesand

thunderstormsinthesoutheast.Temperaturesinthesouthduringthedayareaboutaverage

forthetimeofyear.Thafsabout20degreesCentigrade,anditremainsfairlymildduringthe

night,droppingtoaround15degreesintheearlyhoursofthemorning.Finallytheoutlook

fortomorrow:littlechangeinthesouth,butitwillcontinuetogetbrighterinthenorth.Well,

that'sitfromme.Haveaniceday.

第二部分閱讀理解（共兩節(jié)，滿分50分）

第一節(jié)（共15小題：每小題2.5分，滿分3分）

閱讀下列短文，從每題所給的A、B、C和D四個(gè)選項(xiàng)中，選出最佳選項(xiàng)。

A

HowandWheretoSeeAurorain2022

TheongoingCOVID-19pandemichasmademanypotentialtravelplanschange

constantly,butcatchingsightofthewonderfulcosmic（宇宙的）displaycouldbepossible

thisyear.Here'sourguideonhowandwheretoseetheaurora（極光）thiswinter.

Whereisthebestplacetoseethenorthernlights?

SpotslikeFairbanksinAlaska,Whitehorse,YellowknifeandChurchillinCanada,and

IcelandandnorthernNorwayareallsafebets.TheNOAAwebsitehasadditionaltipson

wheretoviewtheaurorawithlinkstomapsthatshowwherethelightshowcanbeseen.The

besttimetoseethelightsdiffersslightlybycountry,but,ingeneral,thepeakseasonis

betweenNovemberandMarch.

Whichcountriesareallowingtouriststoenter?

Arguablythebiggestbarriertoyourchancesofenjoyingtheaurorathiswinterisnot

atmospheric,buttheCOVID-19restrictionsbysomeofthecountrieswherethenorthern

lightsaremostvisible.Pleasecheckofficialsourcesandtheresourcesbelowforthelatest

restrictions.

?Iceland:LonelyPlanefswebpage.

,Norway:Norway'sgovernmentwebsite.

?Alaska:CDC'sinternationaltravelguidelines.

?Canada:LonelyPlanet'swebpage.

Howtoseethesouthernlights?

ThesouthernlightsarethesamephenomenonontheothersideoftheEarth.Withless

landinthesouth,thesouthernlightsareperhapslesstalkedaboutastheymostlyoccurover

water,buttheycanbeseenoverpartsofNewZealand,andAustraliaandTasmania.In

contrasttothenorthernlights,thesouthernlightsareusuallymostobviousfromMarchto

September.

21.Whichmonthisbetterforenjoyingthenorthernlights?

A.January.B.April.C.July.D.October.

22.Whichofthefollowingdoesn'tofferthelatesttravelrestrictions?

A.TheNOAAwebsite.

B.LonelyPlanefswebpage.

C.Norway'sgovernmentwebsite.

D.CDC'sinternationaltravelguidelines.

23.Whatisspecialaboutthesouthernlights?

A.Theylastallthroughtheyear.

B.Theyrarelyappearovertheland.

C.Theyarepopularamongtravelers.

D.Theyaredifferentfromthenorthernlights.

【答案】21.A22.A23.B

【導(dǎo)語】本文是一篇應(yīng)用文。文章介紹了2022年看極光的最佳地方和方式。

21.細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)第二段“Thebesttimetoseethelightsdiffersslightlybycountry,but,

ingeneral,thepeakseasonisbetweenNovemberandMarch.（觀看燈光的最佳時(shí)間因國(guó)家

而異，但一般來說，旺季在11月至3月之間。戶可知January（1月）是在觀賞北極光

最佳的時(shí)間段內(nèi)。故選A項(xiàng)。

22.細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)第三段“Pleasecheckofficialsourcesandtheresourcesbelowforthe

latestrestrictions.”（請(qǐng)查看官方來源和以下資源以了解最新限制。戶結(jié)合本句下文涉及國(guó)

家或地區(qū)，可知TheNOAAwebsite沒有提供最新的旅游限制。故選A項(xiàng)。

23.細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)最后一段“Withlesslandinthesouth,thesouthernlightsareperhaps

lesstalkedaboutastheymostlyoccuroverwater,buttheycanbeseenoverpartsofNew

Zealand,andAustraliaandTasmania.”（由于南方土地較少，人們對(duì)南極光的談?wù)摽赡茌^

少，因?yàn)槟蠘O光主要出現(xiàn)在水面上，但在新西蘭、澳大利亞和塔斯馬尼亞州的部分地

區(qū)可以看到南極光。）可知南極光很少出現(xiàn)在陸地上。故選B項(xiàng)。

B

Foryearsgoinghomefortheholidayshasbeenbittersweet.Iappreciatetheopportunity

tospendqualitytimewithmymombutitispainfulformetoseeherhouselitteredwithstuff

（物品）.Clothesboughtbutneverworn,andnewitemsintheiroriginalpackagingcarelessly

purchasedandneverused.Ifsevidentthatseeingthestuffonadailybasisremindsmymom

ofatimewhenshoppingwasherwayofspendingmoney.

Ididn'tfullyunderstandtheextenttowhichmymomwassufferinguntilthisweek,

whenIsawpilesofclothesonherbed,“Howdoyoumanagetosleepeverynightwithall

thatstuff;Mom?”Iasked.Tomyhorror,sherepliedtoitbecauseIknowIhavetogetridof

allthisstuffeventually;IampunishingmyselfbysleepingwiththemuntilIdothat.”

Shockedandupset,Igentlyexplainedtoherthatpunishingherselfwasonlytomake

thingsworse,andthateverybodydeservesaplacetosleepinpeace,nomatterwhatmistakes

they'vemade.Isuggestedshemoveallthestuffupstairs,leavingherroomcomfortableto

sleepin.

Withpatienceandherslowbutsteadyguidance,Ihelpedhergothroughsomeofthe

pilesandmovethemupstairs.FortherestoftheweekIstayedthere,shewasinabetter

moodandwasexcitedaboutgoing-throughtherestofthehousetofinallygetridofher

stuff-pastmistakesandpainfultimes.Theitemsbroughtbackpainfulmemoriesaswe

inspectedandmovedthem,butIkeptremindingherthatremovingthemwouldallowherto

moveonandheal.Wefinallysoldsomanythingsandtookbagafterbagtocharity.

Thestuffisjustasignofthedestructivepatternsofself-hatredonpastmistakes.Only

throughtheactofself-forgivenesscanwebringaboutachainreactionofreorganizing一

bothofthehouseandheart.

24.Whatmadetheauthorfeelbitter?

A.Shecouldn'tunderstandhermom'ssorrows.

B.Hermomwasstuckinthepainfulmemories.

C.Hermomwasalwaysleftaloneathome.

D.Hermomwastedmoneyonuselessthings,

25.Theunderlinedword"that"inthesecondparagraphrefersto.

A.gettingridofthestuff.B.buyingthestuff

C.openingthestuffD.movingthestuff

26.Wecaninferfromthepassagethat.

A.theauthorneverboughthermomanything

B.theauthor'smomhasnomoneytopurchasenow

C.theauthorsmomregretsbuyingsomanythings

D.theauthorknowshermom'ssufferingonlythisweek

27.Whafsthebesttitleofthepassage?

A.HowtodoshoppingwiselyB.Theimportanceofself-forgiveness.

C.Keepaneyeontheelderly'sbehaviorD.Clearancehelpsremovesuffering

【答案】24.B25.A26.C27.D

【分析】本文是一篇記敘文。作者的母親對(duì)于以前花錢買了很多沒用的東西而感到愧

疚，并因此而備受折磨。因此，作者建議母親通過賣掉這些物品和捐給慈善事業(yè)來擺

脫它們。從這件事情作者告訴我們一個(gè)道理：只有通過自我原諒才能帶來家和內(nèi)心的

重組。

24.細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)第一段最后一句Ifsevidentthatseeingthestuffonadailybasis

remindsmymomofatimewhenshoppingwasherwayofspendingmoney可知這些物品

每天都讓作者的母親想起過去；及第二段第一句Ididn'tfullyunderstandtheextentto

whichmymomwassufferinguntilthisweek.承接了第?段，描述了作者的母親因這些物

品而遭受到了很大的痛苦。因此，母親深陷在痛苦的記憶中讓作者很難受。故選B。

25.推理判斷題。作者的母親在上句becauseIknowIhavetogetridofallthisstuff

eventually提到會(huì)最終擺脫這些物品，而現(xiàn)在母親讓這些物品時(shí)刻陪著自己是懲罰自己

的一種方式。因此that指的是getridofallthisstuff。故選A。

26.推理判斷題。根據(jù)第四段shewasinabettermoodandwasexcitedaboutgoing-through

therestofthehousetofinallygetridofherstuff-pastmistakesandpainfultimes.一句可

知，作者的母親認(rèn)為以前花錢買這么多不用的東西是一大錯(cuò)誤，且上文也提到母親因

這些錯(cuò)誤而備受折磨。因此，可得知作者的母親后悔買了這些東西。故選C。

27.標(biāo)題判斷題。作者的母親對(duì)于以前花錢買了很多沒用的東西而感到愧疚，并因此

而備受折磨。最終，作者說服母親通過賣掉這些物品或捐給慈善來擺脫它們，也幫助

母親擺脫了精神上的折磨。Clearancehelpsremovesuffering清除（折磨自己的東西）有

助于消除痛苦。故答案選D。

C

Asartificial-intelligenceproductssteadilyimproveatpretendingtobehuman——anAI

producedvoicethatbooksrestaurantreservationsbyphone,forexample,orachatrobotthat

answersconsumers9questionsonline—peoplewillincreasinglybeputintheunsettling

situationofnotknowingwhethertheyaretalkingtoamachine.Butthetruthmaymakesuch

productslesseffective:recentresearchfindsatrade-offbetweentransparency（透明度）and

cooperationinhuman-computerinteractions.

Thestudyusedasimplegameinwhichpairedplayersmakeaseriesofdecisionsto

cooperatewithorbetraytheirpartner.Inthelongrun,itpaysforbothtokeep

cooperating-butthereisalwaysthetemptationtobetrayandearnextrapointsshortterm,at

thepartner'sexpense.TheresearchersusedanAlalgorithm（算法）that,whenposingasa

person,implementedastrategythatwasbetterthanpeopleareatgettinghumanpartnersto

cooperate.Butpreviousworksuggestedpeopletendtodisbelievemachines,sothescientists

wonderedwhatwouldhappeniftherobotrevealeditselfassuch.

Theteamhopedpeopleplayingwithaknownrobotwouldrecognizeitsabilityto

cooperate（withoutbeingapushover）andwouldeventuallygetpasttheirdisbelief."Sadly,

wefailedatthisgoal,"saysTalalRahwan,acomputerscientistatNewYorkUniversityin

AbuDhabiandaseniorauthoronthepaper,publishedlastNovemberinNatureMachine

Intelligence.utNomatterwhatthealgorithmdid,peoplejuststucktotheirprejudice.^^Arobot

playingopenlyasarobotwaslesslikelytogetcooperationthananotherhuman,eventhough

itsstrategywasclearlymorebeneficialtobothplayers.(Ineachmode,therobotplayed50

roundsagainstatleast150individuals.)Inanadditionalexperiment,playersweretold,

“Datasuggestthatpeoplearebetteroffiftheytreattherobotasifitwereahuman.^^Ithad

noeffect.

VirginiaDignum,wholeadstheSocialandEthicalArtificialIntelligencegroupatUmea

UniversityinSwedenandwasnotinvolvedinthestudy,praisestheresearchersforexploring

thetransparency-efficacytrade-off,butshewouldliketoseeittestedbeyondthepaper\

particularsetup.

Theauthorssaythatinthepublicfield,peopleshouldbeaskedforagreementtobe

deceivedaboutarobot'sidentity.Itcannotbeonaninteraction-byinteractionbasis,orelse

the“deception“obviouslywillnotwork.Butblanketpermissionforoccasionaldeception,

evenifitcanbeobtained,stillraisesethicalquandaries(道德困境).Dignumsayshumans

shouldhavetheoptiontoknowaftertheyhaveinteractedwitharobot-butifsheiscalling

customerservicewithasimplequestion,sheadds,"Ijustwanttogetmyanswer/9

28.Theword"trade-off“isclosestinmeaningto.

A.balancingB.combiningC.distinctionD.agreement

29.Accordingtothepassage,whatattitudedopeoplegenerallytaketowardsrobots?

A.Highlypositive.B.Casual.C.Stronglyopposed.D.Distrustful.

30.Whatcanbeinferredabouttheresearchfindingsfromthepassage?

A.Theyfailtosupporttheresearchers9assumption.

B.Theywilldrawpeople'sattentiontorobots5problems.

C.Theyaredifferentfromthepreviousresearchfindings.

D.Theycanexplainwhypeopletreatarobotlikeahuman.

31.Accordingtothepassage,whatisVirginiaDignummostlikelytoagreewith?

A.TalalRahwan'sresearchfindingscan'tapplytothereal-worldsituations.

B.Blanketpermissionforinteractingwitharobotdoesmoreharmthangood.

C.Peopleneedn'tbetoldthattheyareinteractingwitharobotonalloccasions.

D.Therelationshipbetweentransparencyandefficacyhasbeenfullyexplored.

【答案】28.A29.D30.A31.C

【導(dǎo)語】這是一篇說明文。文章講述了隨著人工智能產(chǎn)品在扮演人類角色方面不斷進(jìn)

步，人們?cè)絹碓綋?dān)心對(duì)面正和自己交流是否是機(jī)器人，因?yàn)槿藗冇凶约旱钠姡恍?/p>

任機(jī)器人，即使實(shí)驗(yàn)證明機(jī)器人是有好的合作能力的。

28.詞句猜測(cè)題。根據(jù)文章第二段“TheresearchersusedanAlalgorithm（算法）that,when

posingasaperson,implementedastrategythatwasbetterthanpeopleareatgettinghuman

partnerstocooperate.Butpreviousworksuggestedpeopletendtodisbelievemachines,so

thescientistswonderedwhatwouldhappeniftherobotrevealeditselfassuch.（研究人員使

用了一種人工智能算法，當(dāng)假扮成一個(gè)人的時(shí)候，實(shí)施了一種比人類更善于讓人類伙

伴合作的策略。但是之前的研究表明人們傾向于不相信機(jī)器，所以科學(xué)家們想知道如

果機(jī)器人真的這樣暴露出來會(huì)發(fā)生什么）“可知提到了人們不相信機(jī)器，即使機(jī)器人的策

略比人類本身的策略更容易讓合作伙伴合作；根據(jù)文章第三段N。matterwhatthe

algorithmdid,peoplejuststucktotheirprejudice.Arobotplayingopenlyasarobotwas

lesslikelytogetcooperationthananotherhuman,eventhoughitsstrategywasclearlymore

beneficialtobothplayers.（“不管算法做了什么，人們只是堅(jiān)持自己的偏見。“一個(gè)公開扮

演機(jī)器人的機(jī)器人比人類更不可能獲得合作，盡管它的策略顯然對(duì)雙方都更有利）''可知

無論怎樣做，人們就是不相信機(jī)器人，如果被告知是機(jī)器人的話，他們更不會(huì)選擇機(jī)

器人合作了，綜上所述，推知“Butthetruthmaymakesuchproductslesseffective:recent

researchfindsatrade-offbetweentransparency（透明度）andcooperationin

human-computerinteractions.（但事實(shí)可能會(huì)降低這類產(chǎn)品的效率：最近的研究發(fā)現(xiàn)，在

人機(jī)交流中，透明度和合作之間存在權(quán)衡）''表述的是人們?cè)谂c機(jī)器交流中，應(yīng)該存在透

明度和合作之間的平衡，否則，一旦人們知道對(duì)面是機(jī)器人在和他們交流，他們根本

不會(huì)相信機(jī)器人，那必然會(huì)導(dǎo)致機(jī)器人的效率低了，所以在透明度和合作之間要有平

衡，故推知“trade-off”意思的“平衡”；故選A項(xiàng)。

29.推理判斷題。根據(jù)文第二段"Butpreviousworksuggestedpeopletendtodisbelieve

machines,sothescientistswonderedwhatwouldhappeniftherobotrevealeditselfas

such.（但是之前的研究表明人們傾向于不相信機(jī)器，所以科學(xué)家們想知道如果機(jī)器人真

的這樣暴露出來會(huì)發(fā)生什么）”和文章第三段“Theteamhopedpeopleplayingwitha

knownrobotwouldrecognizeitsabilitytocooperate（withoutbeingapushover）andwould

eventuallygetpasttheirdisbelief.uSadly,wefailedatthisgoal,”（研究小組希望人們?cè)谂c一

個(gè)已知的機(jī)器人玩時(shí)能夠認(rèn)識(shí)到它的合作能力（而不是一個(gè)容易被打敗的機(jī)器人），

并最終克服他們的懷疑?！斑z憾的是，我們失敗了"）”可知研究表明人類不相信機(jī)器人，

而科學(xué)家希望人類能認(rèn)識(shí)到機(jī)器人的合作能力而最終戰(zhàn)勝對(duì)它們的懷疑，但是失敗了，

推知人類對(duì)機(jī)器人的態(tài)度就是抱有懷疑的；故選D項(xiàng)。

30.推理判斷題。根據(jù)文章第二段“Butpreviousworksuggestedpeopletendtodisbelieve

machines,sothescientistswonderedwhatwouldhappeniftherobotrevealeditselfas

such.（但是之前的研究表明人們傾向于不相信機(jī)器，所以科學(xué)家們想知道如果機(jī)器人真

的這樣暴露出來會(huì)發(fā)生什么）''可知研究表明人類不相信機(jī)器，而科學(xué)家們想知道如果機(jī)

器人真的暴露出來，會(huì)生什么；根據(jù)文章第三段Nomatterwhatthealgorithmdid,

peoplejuststucktotheirprejudice.^^Arobotplayingopenlyasarobotwaslesslikelytoget

cooperationthananotherhuman,eventhoughitsstrategywasclearlymorebeneficialtoboth

players.（“不管算法做了什么，人們只是堅(jiān)持自己的偏見?！耙粋€(gè)公開扮演機(jī)器人的機(jī)器

人比人類更不可能獲得合作，盡管它的策略顯然對(duì)雙方都更有利「'）”可知不管怎樣做,

人們就是不相信機(jī)器人，如果人們被告知是機(jī)器人，更不可能去跟它們合作。由此推

知，實(shí)驗(yàn)結(jié)果不支持科學(xué)家們的假設(shè)，故選A項(xiàng)。

31.推理判斷題。根據(jù)文章第四段“praisestheresearchersforexploringthe

transparency-efficacytrade-off,butshewouldliketoseeittestedbeyondthepaper's

particularsetup.（贊揚(yáng)了研究人員探索透明度與效率之間的平衡,，但她希望看到它在論

文的特殊設(shè)置之外進(jìn)行測(cè)試）''可知Dignum對(duì)于此項(xiàng)研究是贊同的，而且希望去除實(shí)驗(yàn)

特殊設(shè)置；根據(jù)文章最后-一段"Theauthorssaythatinthepublicfield,peopleshouldbe

askedforagreementtobedeceivedaboutarobot'sidentity.Itcannotbeonaninteraction-by

interactionbasis,orelsethe“deception“obviouslywillnotwork.Butblanketpermissionfor

occasionaldeception,evenifitcanbeobtained,stillraisesethicalquandaries（道德困境）.

Dignumsayshumansshouldhavetheoptiontoknowaftertheyhaveinteractedwitharobot

-butifsheiscallingcustomerservicewithasimplequestion,sheadds,“Ijustwanttogetmy

answer.”（作者說，在公共領(lǐng)域，應(yīng)該要求人們同意被欺騙的機(jī)器人的身份。它不能建立

在互動(dòng)的基礎(chǔ)上，否則“欺騙”顯然不會(huì)起作用。但是，即使能夠獲得對(duì)偶爾欺騙行為

的全面許可，仍然會(huì)引發(fā)道德上的兩難困境。Dignum說，人類在與機(jī)器人交流之后應(yīng)

該有權(quán)知道答案，但是如果她打電話給客服只是為了問一個(gè)簡(jiǎn)單的問題，她補(bǔ)充說，“我

只是想得到我的答案廠可知此項(xiàng)研究論文的作者認(rèn)為不應(yīng)該事先告知人們機(jī)器人的身

份，而Dignum對(duì)于這個(gè)研究是贊揚(yáng)的，即對(duì)論文的作者的觀點(diǎn)是不排斥的，并且認(rèn)為

可以去除實(shí)驗(yàn)中的設(shè)置來驗(yàn)證這個(gè)現(xiàn)象，而且Dignum認(rèn)為人們?cè)谂c機(jī)器交流后應(yīng)該有

權(quán)知道答案，而沒有提及事先告知人們機(jī)器人的身份，故推知Dignum認(rèn)同人們不需要

被告知他們?cè)谌魏螆?chǎng)合都在與機(jī)器人互動(dòng)這樣的觀點(diǎn)；故選C項(xiàng)。

D

Chinaisoneofthefirstcountriestobreedamedicalculture.Incomparisonwith

Westernmethods,traditionalChinesemedicine（TCM）adoptsavastlydifferentapproach.

Forthousandsofyears,Chinesepeoplehaveaccumulatedrichexperienceinfightingall

sortsofdiseases,thereforeformingauniquemedicaltheoryundertheguidanceofancient

Chinesephilosophies（哲學(xué)）.

ThecorebehindTCMisthatthehumanbody'slifeistheconsequence（結(jié)果）ofthe

balancebetweenYinandYang.Yangfunctionstosafeguardusagainstouterharm,andYinis

theinnerbasetostoreandprovideenergy.Whenthebalancebetweenthetwoaspectsis

disturbed,peoplefallill.

OneofthetraditionaltechniquesofTCM,acupuncture（針刺療法）meansinsertionof

needlesintosuperficial俵面的）structuresofthebody一usuallyatacupoints（穴位）一to

restoretheYinYangbalance.Itisoftenaccompaniedbymoxibustion（艾灸療法），which

involvesburningmugwortonorneartheskinatanacupoint.

Thefirstknowntextthatclearlytalksaboutsomethinglikeacupunctureand

moxibustionasitispracticedtodayisTheYellowEmperor'sInnerCanon.Itistheearliest

andmostimportantwrittenworkofTCMandisconsideredthefundamentalandmost

representativemedicaltextinChina.

Acupunctureandmoxibustionhavearousedtheinterestofinternationalmedicalscience

circles.AndTCMisgraduallygainingworldwiderecognition.TheWHOissuedadocument

in2002thatappealedtomorethan180countriestoadoptTCMasanalternativeintheir

medicalpolicies.In2010,acupunctureandmoxibustionoftraditionalChinesemedicine

wereaddedtotheRepresentativeListoftheIntangibleCulturalHeritageofHumanitybythe

UNESCO.Presently,TCMhasbeenbackinthenewsforitseffectivenessinimprovingthe

curerateoftheCOVID-19sinceitsoutbreakinJanuary2020.

32.WhatisthekeyfeatureofTCM?

A.Itadoptsdifferentmedicalapproaches.

B.It'sbasedonancientChinesephilosophies.

C.Ithelpstorestorebody'sself-balance.

D.It'sgainedexperiencethroughrichpractice.

33.WhatcanwelearnaboutTheYellowEmperor'sInnerCanonfromthetext?

A.Itdistinguishesacupuncturefrommoxibustion.

B.It'safoundationofworldmedicalresearch.

C.itstressestheimportanceofusingacupoints.

D.ItgreatlycontributestothedevelopmentofTCM.

34.Whydoesthewriterwritethistext?

A.ToreviewthedevelopmentofTCM.

B.TointroduceTCMtotheworld.

C.TotellTCMandWesternmedicineapart.

D.ToargueforTCMinfightingCOVID-19.

35.Whatmightbetalkedaboutintheparagraphfollowingthetext?

A.HowTCMhelpsinthecurrentsituation.

B.WhyTCMisgainingpopularity.

C.WhyTCMgetsrecognitionfromWHO.

D.HowothercountriesadoptTCM.

【答案】32.C33.D34.B35.A

【分析】這是一篇說明文。文章講述了，中國(guó)傳統(tǒng)的中醫(yī)文化，它與西醫(yī)不同，有著

獨(dú)特的理論和治療體系，針灸引起了國(guó)際醫(yī)學(xué)界的關(guān)注。

32.細(xì)節(jié)理解題。由第二段“ThecorebehindTCMisthatthehumanbody'slifeisthe

consequence（結(jié)果）ofthebalancebetweenYinandYang.Yangfunctionstosafeguardus

againstouterharm,andYinistheinnerbasetostoreandprovideenergy.Whenthebalance

betweenthetwoaspectsisdisturbed,peoplefallill.”（中醫(yī)學(xué)的核心是人體的生命是陰陽

平衡的結(jié)果。陽的功能是保護(hù)我們免受外界的傷害，而陰是儲(chǔ)存和提供能量的內(nèi)在基

礎(chǔ)。當(dāng)這兩方面的平衡被打破時(shí)，人們就會(huì)生病。）和第三段中的“Oneofthetraditional

techniquesofTCM,acupuncture（針刺療法）meansinsertionofneedlesintosuperficial（表

面的）structuresofthebody一usuallyatacupoints（穴位）一torestoretheYinYangbalance.^^

（針灸是中醫(yī)傳統(tǒng)技術(shù)之一，是指將針頭插入身體的淺表結(jié)構(gòu)，通常在穴位處恢復(fù)陰

陽平衡。），可知身體陰陽平衡被打破時(shí)，人們就會(huì)生病，而中醫(yī)（例如針灸）的核

心就是通過中醫(yī)技巧恢復(fù)身體的自我平衡，達(dá)到陰陽平衡。故選C項(xiàng)。

33.推理判斷題。由第四段“Thefirstknowntextthatclearlytalksaboutsomethinglike

acupunctureandmoxibustionasitispracticedtodayisTheYellowEmperor'sInnerCanon.

ItistheearliestandmostimportantwrittenworkofTCMandisconsideredthefundamental

andmostrepres