目標(biāo)安全安全宣傳

NEXT

STEP“目安”項(xiàng)目Ask

the

trainees,What

is

common

about

the

two

photos

in

regards

to

safety?問(wèn)問(wèn)培訓(xùn)學(xué)員，在這兩幅照片中在安全方面有什么共性問(wèn)題？White

boardor

acknowledge

the

responses.Although

you

may

get

several

responses

it

will

be

doubtful

that

anyone

will

mention

the

behaviour

“Line

of

Fire”.Because

no

one

will

be

familiar

withlooking

for

these

next

step

behaviours.Tell

themyou

will

move

on

and

ask

themthe

same

question

later

on

in

the

training.What’s

common

in

the

following

photos?在下列照片中有哪些共性問(wèn)題？2Why

are

we

introducing

Next

Step?Next

Step

is

aunique

and

additional

way

to

think

and

behave

around

safety.Its

unique

because

have

never

run

asimilar

programin

CA

before

and

it

is

adifferent

way

of

applyingsafety

to

work

&

home.Its

additional

because

we

already

have

many

things

that

we

have

to

do

for

safety

already.

This

is

not

areplacement

for

sound

engineering

or

goodmanagement

practices.It

is

not

a

silver

bullet

that

will

fix

all

safety

concerns

but

if

people

learn

and

practise

the

skills

that

this

programshows

you,

we

are

confident

thatwe

will

reduce

many

injuries.It

is

about

applying5

Next

Step

behaviours

to

any

work

or

home

activity

you

are

doing

to

prevent

injuries.NextStep

is

a

unique

and

additional

way

tothink

&

act

about

safety……….“目安”是一個(gè)獨(dú)特的，區(qū)別于其它方式的方式來(lái)思考&表現(xiàn)安全行為……3The

basic

principle

of

Next

Step

revolves

around

the

relationship

between

Hazards,

Risk

and

our

Behaviours.Why

is

it

that

we

can

doa

job

with

recognised

hazards

many

times

safely.

Then

one

day

without

the

hazard

changingwe

find

ourselves

in

harmsway?Example

you

may

use:

Say

Iaman

electrician

with25

years

experience.

I

come

into

today

to

change

this

light

fitting(point

to

one

near

you).

Iknowhowto

do

this

simple

job

safely,

no

one

else

is

in

the

room,

I

have

all

the

right

tools,

I

assess

the

job,

do

it

safely

and

leave

the

room.The

following

day

I

find

out

I

have

to

replace

the

same

light

fittingagain.

Nothing

has

changed

in

the

roomsince

yesterday.

Same

light,

no

one

elseis

in

the

roomand

I

ambringing

the

same

tools

&

my

experience

to

do

the

job

back

in.BUT

this

time

something

happens

and

I

end

up

getting

injured.The

only

variable

that

has

changed

in

this

example

is

the

way

the

job

has

been

done.Next

Step

Principle“目安”的原則Principle

-

Hazards

seldom

change

but

the

waywe

behave

around

hazards

can.

When

ourbehaviour

varies

our

risk

of

injury

increases

ordecreases

depending

on

the

behaviorwe

exhibit.原則：危險(xiǎn)因素是很難改變的，但是我們對(duì)于危險(xiǎn)因素的行為表現(xiàn)方式是可以改變的。當(dāng)我們的行為不一樣時(shí)，受工傷的風(fēng)險(xiǎn)也會(huì)隨著行為表現(xiàn)的不同而增加或減少。To

a

greatdegree

we

control

our

own

risk.我們可以在很大程度上控制自已的風(fēng)險(xiǎn)。4This

chart

shows

one

way

of

looking

at

or

organisinga

safety

system.The

purposeof

this

slide

isto

show

where

Next

step

fits

in

relation

to

everything

else.

It

is

another

tool

that

is

focussed

around

the

peopleelement.Again

as

said

before

there

are

many

other

things

that

we

have

to

do

&

improve

withSystems,

Environment,

Equipment

this

programdoes

notreplace

that

need

nor

does

have

much

to

do

with

those

things

also.It

fits

with

the

people

element.During

the

programwe

do

not

mention

blame

and

concentrate

on

the

positive

elements

of

the

program.If

however

it

is

raised,

our

response

is

that

if

it’s

a

rule/procedure

based

behavioural

breach

happens

then

naturally

there

willbe

consequences,ifit’s

a

NEXT

step

behaviour

as

above

in

the

table,

we

differentiate.

This

is

NOT

about

BLAMING

people

for

their

Next

Step

behaviour

butrather

understanding

that

all

people

can

and

will

behave

in

amanner

that

can

increase

there

chance

of

an

injury.Itdoesn’t

matter

that

you

may

be

fully

trained,

know

the

safe

procedure

and

have

the

right

tools

you

can

still

make

anunintentional

error.Training培訓(xùn)Safetyexpectations安全期望Safety

MeetingsRecognition認(rèn)可Discipline處罰

Recruitment招聘Tool

Box

Talks宣傳好的安全實(shí)踐SHE

MANAGEMENT

管理EQUIPMENT設(shè)備Protective

Systems保護(hù)系統(tǒng)Maintenance維護(hù)

DesignHazard

Studies危險(xiǎn)因素分析

Commissioning調(diào)試Standards標(biāo)準(zhǔn)Interlocks聯(lián)鎖裝置

Machine

Guarding機(jī)器防護(hù)PEOPLE人員SYSTEMS系統(tǒng)Reporting報(bào)告

Work

permitsJSEA工作安全評(píng)估Auditing審計(jì)

Rehabilitation整改Policies政策

Change

Management變革管理

Plans計(jì)劃Objectives目標(biāo)Protective

Equipment防護(hù)設(shè)備

Procedures程序ENVIRONMENT環(huán)境Dust粉塵

WeatherNoise噪音Visibility可視化

Signage標(biāo)識(shí)Light/Shadows光線/陰暗Strata地面Where

does

Next

Step

fit?“目安”在哪里適用？5There

will

be

3

Key

areas

that

we

will

cover

as

part

the

Next

Step

program.What

is

Next

Step?什么是“目安”？Next

Step

is

a

process

that

trains,coaches

andassists

everyone

in:“目安”是一種培訓(xùn)，訓(xùn)練，幫助每一個(gè)人在下列問(wèn)題上的能力：Recognizing

warning

signals

識(shí)別警報(bào)信號(hào)Focusing

on

the

task

聚焦于工作任務(wù)應(yīng)用已知

Applying

known,safe,“Last

step”behaviours的，安全的“最后一步“的行為6Ask

the

Question:Againthink

about

atime

when

you

were

injured

while

doingsomething

you

have

done

lotsof

times

before.

What

was

different?The

next

step

principle

suggests

if

nothing

else

has

changed

with

the

hazard

or

environment

then

the

main

variable

is

how

we

have

interacted

withthe

activity,

hazards

etc.

IE,

OUR

BEHAVIOURBut

there

is

some

thingthat

cancome

before

behaviour

that

warns

us

that

we

might

do

something

different

today.We

call

these

situations

-

WARNINGSIGNALS.What

are

these

warningsignals

–

next

slide.Warning

signals警告信號(hào)Question:問(wèn)題：People

can

perform

a

task

(even

a

hazardous

one)many

times

without

injury.The

hazardcircumstance

may

not

have

changed

at

all,so

what

was

different

if

this

time

you

sustained

aninjury?人們可以很多次地執(zhí)行一個(gè)任務(wù)（即使是有危險(xiǎn)因素的任務(wù)），而不發(fā)生任何工傷。危險(xiǎn)因素這個(gè)環(huán)境可能一點(diǎn)也沒(méi)有變，而這次你卻遭受了工傷，這是什么原因呢？Answer答案：Many

injures

are

preceded

by

anWarning

signals

很多工傷是在表現(xiàn)出警告信號(hào)之前就發(fā)生了。7We

all

knowwhat

awarningsignal

is?Like

a

red

stop

light

we

know

that

is

telling

us

to

stop

at

this

intersection

or

else

we

may

be

in

serious

danger.

Sometimes

the

warningmight

be

aamber

ororange

light

whichgives

us

a

choice

to

either

stop

orgo

through

if

we

can

do

it

safely.Sometimes

we

experienceawarningsignals

that

might

change

the

way

we

normally

do

things.Ask:

What

do

youthink

are

examplesof

somethingthat

may

get

us

to

change

the

way

we

normally

do

things??AngerFrustrationMind

elsewhereAll

the

examples

above

are

about

internal

signals.

There

can

also

be

external

warning

signals

such

asEnvironment

IEweather

changeTraffic

(volume,

speed

etc)Other

people

around

me.Warning

signals警報(bào)信號(hào)These

are

situations

that

increase

the

chances

of

aninjury下面這些情況都可能會(huì)增加工傷的機(jī)會(huì)：Complacency自滿，無(wú)所謂Fatigue疲勞Rushing急匆匆Distractions心煩意亂…….…………….…….8The

reason

we

are

pointingthese

warningsignals

out

is

so

that

you

can

be

aware

of

themand

more

importantly

you

can

do

something

about

them.You

are

all

able

to

recognise

what

these

warningsignals

are.

The

next

important

thing

is

to

act

on

them.Warning

signals警報(bào)信號(hào)·

We

need

people

to

be

aware

of

thesesituations,recognize

them

and

act

on

them.我們需要人們意識(shí)到這些情況，認(rèn)識(shí)它們并作出相應(yīng)的行動(dòng)。9Recognising

that

you

may

be

effected

by

awarningsignal

you

firstly

must

make

the

call

to

stop

or

keep

going.If

you

decide

to

keeping

goingyou

must

focus

on

what

you

are

aboutto

do.If

the

warning

signal

is

physically

or

mentally

impeding

your

ability

to

work

safely

you

should

stop

and

tell

some

one.

This

is

not

new!Focus聚焦Once

a

Warning

signal

is

detected,

you

need

tomake

the

call

to

stop

or

keep

going.

If

you

decide

tkeeping

going

you

must

FOCUS

on

the

task

at

hand一旦發(fā)現(xiàn)有一個(gè)警報(bào)信號(hào)，你需要決定是停止還是繼續(xù)工作。如果你決定繼續(xù)，你必須聚焦于手頭上的工作。.10Just

focusing

or

thinking

about

what

you

are

going

to

do

doesn’t

always

mean

you

focus

specifically

on

your

immediate

behaviours.There

are

a

numberof

key

behaviours

to

follow

to

ensure

focus

and

actioncombine

to

prevent

most

injuries.We

will

be

concentrating

on

5

of

these

behaviours.Last

Line

of

defence

Behaviours最后防線的行為Even

when

people

are

focussed

on

the

job

theycan

still

have

injury.即使人們聚焦于工作上，他們?nèi)匀豢赡苁軅?/p>

90%of

injuries

will

be

avoided

if

peopleused

specificsimple

behaviours

while

theydothings.如果人們?cè)谧鍪聲r(shí)可以采取一些具體的簡(jiǎn)單的行為，90%的傷害是可以避免的。

There

are

only

around

5

behaviours

topractice

tostayinjury

free要遠(yuǎn)離傷害只需要練習(xí)或關(guān)注5種行為。11Lets

look

atachain

of

events

before

an

incident

happens.At

any

stage

between

management

or

individualresponsibilities

failures

may

happen

or

not.However:The

last

lineof

defence

is

when

we

actually

go

to

do

the

activity.We

are

the

last

line

of

Defence

before

an

incident

happens.

This

doesn’t

necessarily

meanwe

are

responsible

for

the

incident

but

it

does

meaninmost

cases

we

can

stop

it

fromhappening.We

have

to

continually

work

on

improving

management

responsibilities

to

stop

failures

fromhappening.Next

Step

is

going

to

help

with

the

individual

behaviours

by

making

everyone

aware

how

to

be

an

effective

last

line

of

defence.As

already

said:

all

of

us

already

know

these

behaviours

but

whenwe

don’t

use

themall

the

time

we

are

missing

adefence.培訓(xùn)Training

JSEA工作安全評(píng)估審計(jì)Audit

Maintenance維護(hù)就職ResourcesInduction資源Procedures程序Permits許可Behaviour行為Incident事件THE

LAST

LINE

OF

DEFENCEA

behaviour

that

directly

results

in

an

injury最后防線的行為就是直接導(dǎo)致傷害發(fā)生的行為?！?/p>

A

person’sbehaviour

isusually

thelaststep

in

an

injurychain一個(gè)人的

行為往往就是一

個(gè)傷害鏈中的最

后一環(huán)。Last

Line

of

Defence

Behaviours最后防線的行為MANAGEMENT

RESPONSIBILITIES管理層職責(zé)INDIVIDUAL’SRESPONSIBILITIES個(gè)人的職責(zé)·

90%of

injuries

could

have

been

avoided

had

thepersonbehaved

differently如果個(gè)人的行為可以改變一下，90%的傷害是可以避免的。12Lets

considera

very

simple

example.I

decide

to

walk

over

a

power

cord

lying

on

the

ground

to

getto

where

I

amgoing.

I

trip,

fall

over

and

twist

my

ankle.The

end

result

is

an

injury.

Yes

maybe

the

cord

shouldn’t

have

been

there

but

last

line

of

defence

was

me

stepping

over

the

power

cord.How

many

of

us

have

tripped

over>?Howmany

of

us

have

hit

our

head

on

an

open

cupboard?How

many

of

us

have

walked

into

a

towball

on

the

back

of

their

car

before?Example

of

a

Last

Line

Behaviour舉例·

Consider

someone

walking

over

a

power

cord

andtripping,and

twisting

their

ankle比如說(shuō)一個(gè)人走過(guò)一個(gè)電源線，結(jié)果絆倒了，扭傷了踝關(guān)節(jié)。13Cast

your

mind

back

to

the

last

time

you

tripped

up

or

over.What

was

it

that

caused

you

to

trip

or

bump

your

heador

walk

into

the

towbar?People

may

say

not

thinking

orbeing

distracted

and

they

are

right

but

the

basic

reason

was

because

THEY

DID

NOT

HAVE

THERE

EYES

onwhat

they

were

going

to

trip

or

walk

into.I

guarantee

that

if

you

were

looking

atthe

open

cupboard

or

the

tow

bar

you

wouldn’t

purposely

walk

into

it.The

first

behaviour

I

amintroducing

here

is

EYES

ON

PATH.Look

around

you

as

you

move

anywhere.

Again

you

already

knowthis

behaviour

.We

are

just

giving

it

alabel.If

you

thinkbacktothelast

time

you

tripped…如果你在回想一下上次你絆倒的時(shí)候……Were

youwatchingwhere

youweregoing?你會(huì)注意著你要走的地方嗎？Did

you

have“Eyes

on

Path”?你把“眼睛放在路徑上”了嗎？Example

of

a

Last

Line

Behaviour舉例14Where

were

your

eyes

?THE

2nd

behaviour

label

is

EYES

ON

HANDS(

You

might

mentionthis

here

or

during

the

photos)We

are

not

saying

you

continuallyhave

to

have

your

eyes

on

your

hands

atall

times

but

there

are

two

key

times

to

be

particularly

aware

of

eyeson

hands

are

:Whenthe

conditions

have

changed

orwhenyour

body

is

in

an

awkward

position.When

you

are

learning

to

do

something

for

the

first

time.For

example:

A

carpentry

apprentice

is

more

likely

to

hit

his

hands

with

a

hammer

as

he

is

learning

the

skill.

As

you

progress

into

a

carpenter

the

repetition

of

the

activity

builds

abody

memory

and

you

learn

to

hit

nails

in

often

with

outlooking

at

them.

So

a

carpenter

doesn’talways

have

to

have

his

eyes

on

hands

when

hammering

unless

the

conditions

change

or

he

is

an

awkward

position.·

Have

you

ever

hit

your

thumb

with

a

hammer

or

cutyourfinger

withaknife?你的拇指是否曾經(jīng)被錘子擊中過(guò)，或者手指被刀子割傷過(guò)？Example

of

a

Last

Line

Behaviour舉例15Not

following

2

simple

behaviours

contributed

to

over

50%

of

our

injuries“Eyes

on

Path”

and

“Eyes

on

Hands”

are

2“LAST

Line”behaviours. “把眼睛放在路徑上”及“把眼睛放在手上”是兩個(gè)“最后防線”的行為。They

may

seem

trivial

but

last

year

they

contributed

to

over

50%of

our

injuries–Injuries

that

equipment

and

systems

did

notprotectagainst這些可能看起來(lái)都是些微不足道的東西，但是去年我們有50%的傷害都是由于此引起的，這些傷害是設(shè)備或者系統(tǒng)所不能保護(hù)的。Example

of

a

Last

Line

Behaviour舉例16You

don’t

have

to

mention

but

here

are

some

other

last

step

behaviours

:Over

extensionLook

before

movingStabilityCorrect

use

of

toolFailure

to

communicateLast

Line

Behaviours最后防線行為There

are

about

6-10“Last

Line”behaviours

but

focusing

on

the

top

5will

address

more

than

85%of

our

injuries最后一道防線的行為有1-10種，是要特別注意好前5種，因?yàn)?5%的事故都是由這前5種引發(fā)的。The

top

5

are

selected

from

a

review

of

injury

history.前5種是根據(jù)對(duì)歷故的評(píng)審選擇出來(lái)的。The

next

slides

demonstrate

some

of

these

behaviours下面的幻燈片中列舉了一些行為。Note

that

they

have:請(qǐng)注意下列這些幻燈片都有這樣的特性：Short,catchy

and

memorable

titles簡(jiǎn)短，易記，標(biāo)題印象深刻

An

explanation

of

the

situations

in

which

they

occur是對(duì)發(fā)生的某種的解釋17If

your

eyes

are

on

your

hands

when

usinghand

tools

you

will

prevent

loosing

control

and

possiblystrainingor

knock

against

something.(IF

you

have

not

mentioned

this

earlier)We

are

not

saying

youcontinually

have

your

eyes

on

your

hands

at

all

times

but

there

are

two

keytimes

to

be

particularly

aware

of

eyes

on

handsare

:Whenthe

conditions

have

changed

orwhenyour

body

is

in

an

awkward

position.When

you

are

learning

to

do

something

for

the

first

time.For

example:

A

carpentry

apprentice

is

more

likely

to

hit

his

hands

with

a

hammer

as

he

is

learning

the

skill.

As

you

progress

into

a

carpenter

the

repetition

of

the

activity

builds

abody

memory

and

you

learn

to

hit

nails

in

often

with

outlooking

at

them.

So

a

carpenter

doesn’talways

have

to

have

his

eyes

on

hands

when

hammering

unless

the

conditions

change

or

he

is

an

awkward

position.Eyes

on

Hands把眼睛放在手上Are

the

person‘s

eyes

on

their

hands

and

hand

operated

equipment

so

as

to

avoid

pinching,crushing,cutting,

splashing,burning

or

falling?們是否把眼睛放在了手上及用手操作的設(shè)備上，從而避免被夾傷，壓碎，切到，濺濕，灼傷或跌落？18Eyes

on

Hands把眼睛放在手上Are

the

person"s

eyes

on

their

hands

and

hand

operated

equipment

soatoavoid

pinching,crushing,cutting,splashing,burning

orfalling把眼睛放在了手上及用手操作的設(shè)備上，從而避免被夾傷，壓碎，切到，濺濕，灼傷或跌落？19Eyes

on

Hands把眼睛放在手上Are

the

person‘s

eyes

on

theirhands

and

hand

operatedequipment

so

as

to

avoid

pinching,crushing,cutting,splashing,bur

or

falling?人們是否把眼睛放在了手上及用手操作的設(shè)備上，從而避免被夾傷，壓碎，切到，濺濕，灼傷或跌落？20Eyes

on

each

stepYou

may

wantto

mentionhere

that

we

are

not

suggesting

that

you

walk

around

with

your

eyes

on

the

path

100%

of

the

time.

You

need

to

look

atthe

path

in

front

of

you

and

adjust

for

any

obstructions

on

the

ground

orup

above

or

to

the

side.Eyes

on

Path把眼睛放在路徑上Is

the

person

observing

andassessing

the

surface

andclearances

so

as

to

avoidslipping,

tripping

or

collidi這個(gè)人是否在觀察并評(píng)估路徑的表面和清潔度，從而避免滑倒，跌絆或碰撞？21When

you

are

operating

any

equipment

it

is

the

same

behaviour.The

forklift

operator

should

watch

out

for

unevenground,

pot

holes,

pedestrians

and

other

equipment.Eyes

on

Path把眼睛放在路徑上Is

the

person

observing

andassessing

the

surface

andclearances

so

as

to

avoidslipping,

tripping

or

collid這個(gè)人是否在觀察并評(píng)估路

徑的表面和清潔度，從而避

免滑倒，跌絆或碰撞？22Eyes

on

each

stepYou

may

wantto

mentionhere

that

we

are

not

suggesting

that

you

walk

around

with

your

eyes

on

the

path

100%

of

the

time.

You

need

to

look

atthe

path

in

front

of

you

and

adjust

for

any

obstructions

on

the

ground

orup

above

or

to

the

side.Eyes

on

Path把眼睛放在路徑上Is

the

person

observing

andassessing

the

surface

andclearances

so

as

to

avoidslipping,

tripping

or

collidi這個(gè)人是否在觀察并評(píng)估路徑的表面和清潔度，從而避免滑倒，跌絆或碰撞？23This

person

looks

like

they

are

using

ajob

start

card

to

assess

hazards

before

he

enters

an

area.Assess

Area評(píng)估空間Is

the

person

continually

assessing

the

area

for

hazards

and

suitable

ac這個(gè)人是否在持續(xù)地評(píng)估該空間，看是否有危險(xiǎn)因素及合適的通道？24Need

to

assess

delivery

site

areasWet

ground,

other

trucks,

other

peopleAssess

Area評(píng)估空間Is

the

person

continually

assessing

the

area

for

hazards

and

suitable

acc這個(gè)人是否在持續(xù)地評(píng)估該空間，看是否有危險(xiǎn)因素及合適的通道？25Get

yourself

into

the

right

position.Each

oneof

us

has

a

certain

body

limit.

The

more

we

go

over

that

body

limit

the

closer

we

are

to

having

a

sprain

or

strain

injury.Body

limits身體受限的環(huán)境Is

the

person

fit

for

the

taskstable

and

using

correctlevels

of

effort

and

manualhandling

techniques

whenthey

are:Reaching,twistingPushing/pulling,Cramped,Doing

repetitive

tasks,Lift當(dāng)他們伸手，彎腰，推/拉，空間狹窄時(shí)，做重復(fù)的動(dòng)作時(shí)，提升時(shí)，身體是否能夠保持平衡，及在需要用力和手動(dòng)處理時(shí)是否能夠使得上勁？26Get

yourself

into

the

right

position.Body

limits身體受限的環(huán)境Is

the

person

fit

for

the

taskstable

and

using

correctlevels

of

effort

and

manualhandling

techniques

whenthey

are:Reaching,twistingPushing/pulling,Cramped,Doing

repetitive

tasks,Lift當(dāng)他們伸手，彎腰，推/拉，空間狹窄時(shí)，做重復(fù)的動(dòng)作時(shí)，提升時(shí)，身體是否能夠保持平衡，及在需要用力和手動(dòng)處理時(shí)是否能夠使得上勁？27You

might

like

to

use

the

home

example

of

trying

to

carry

as

many

shopping

bags

in

from

the

car.You

probably

havent

been

injured

but

the

more

you

do

it.

The

closer

you

are

getting

to

an

injury.Another

good

home

example

is

to

ask

people

to

think

about

the

last

time

you

moved

your

home

contents.

People

can

relate

to

having

probablylifted

to

much

orincorrectly.

Most

of

the

time

we

are

lucky

and

get

away

withBody

limits身體受限的環(huán)境Is

the

person

fit

for

the

taskstable

and

using

correctlevels

of

effort

and

manualhandling

techniques

whenthey

are:Reaching,twistingPushing/pulling,Cramped,Doing

repetitive

tasks,Lift當(dāng)他們伸手，彎腰，推/拉，空間狹窄時(shí)，做重復(fù)的動(dòng)作時(shí)，提升時(shí)，身體是否能夠保持平衡，及在需要用力和手動(dòng)處理時(shí)是否能夠使得上勁？28Always

put

you

body

in

aposition

where

sparks,

projectiles

etc

are

moving

away

fromyour

body.Line

of

Fire 發(fā)射線防護(hù)范圍Is

the

person

positionedsuch

that

they

could

avoidbeing

struck,overcome

byfumes,sprayed,fallen

on,bitten

or

run

over?這個(gè)人所處的位置是否可以避免被撞擊到，被氣味熏到，被噴濺到，被落物打到，被咬傷，或被碾傷？29This

person

is

standing

to

the

sideof

the

truck

and

not

directly

behind

it

so

he

is

away

from

the

lineof

fire.Line

of

Fire 發(fā)射線防護(hù)范圍Is

the

person

positionedsuch

that

they

could

avoidbeing

struck,overcome

byfumes,sprayed,fallen

on,bitten

or

run

over?這個(gè)人所處的位置是否可以避免被撞擊到，被氣味熏到，被噴濺到，被落物打到，被咬傷，或被碾傷？30Another

simple

task

but

if

you

are

cutting

directly

back

and

your

body

is

right

in

the

way

you

might

get

injuredLine

of

Fire 發(fā)射線防護(hù)范圍Is

the

person

positionedsuch

that

they

could

avoidbeing

struck,overcome

byfumes,sprayed,fallen

on,bitten

or

run

over?這個(gè)人所處的位置是否可以避免被撞擊到，被氣味熏到，被噴濺到，被落物打到，被咬傷，或被碾傷？31This

is

a

simple

programand

we

want

to

keep

the

language

simple.

You

already

knowthese

behaviours

but

now

we

have

given

thema

label.The

subtle

shift

in

focus

is

about

being

more

specific

around

the

behaviour

that

will

help

prevent

harm.Normallywhenyou

do

something,

you

are

actually

doing

more

than

just

one

behaviour.Note

the

language注意用語(yǔ)Easy

to

remember

phrases

or

words.使用容易記住的短語(yǔ)或字詞。Subtle

shift

in

focus輕微的改變：from

eyes

on

job

to

eyes

on

hands不說(shuō)將眼睛放在工作上，而說(shuō)將眼睛放在手上from

watch

where

you’re

going

to

eyes

on

path不說(shuō)注意你要去的地方，而說(shuō)將眼睛放在路徑上In

each

activity,more

than

one

behaviour

can

beobserved 在每一個(gè)活動(dòng)中，不止可以顯示一種安全行為32Roll

out

a4

-5

meter

length

of

tape

out

on

the

ground

in

a

straight

line.

Put

some

obstructions

across

the

tape

(booksorfoldersora

chair

on

itsside)Ask

for

two

volunteers.The

task

is

to

observe

the

tape

and

the

obstructions

and

then

proceed

to

walk

along

the

tape

&

stepping

over

the

obstacles

to

get

to

the

otherend

of

the

tape.

They

must

startat

one

end

and

finishatthe

other

end.Thank

the

volunteer

&

give

thema

small

gift

(small

choc

bar

orsimilar)This

activity

is

demonstrating–

Assessing

the

area

&

Eyes

on

path.

We

can

do

this

safely

eventhough

their

were

obstructions.A

quick

reinforcement

activity一個(gè)快速的加強(qiáng)印像的練習(xí)活動(dòng)Walk

the

line沿著直線走Roll

out

a

5

meter

length

of

tape

out

on

the

ground

in

a

straightline.Put

some

obstructions

across

the

tape(books

or

folders

orachair

on

its

side)將一個(gè)5米長(zhǎng)的帶子在地上拉直鋪開(kāi)。然后放一些障礙物在帶子上（書，文件夾，或椅子）。The

task

is

to

observe

the

tape

and

the

obstructions

and

thenproceed

to

walk

along

the

tape

&

stepping

over

the

obstacles

toget

to

the

other

end

of

the

tape.They

must

start

atone

end

andfinishatthe

other

end.任務(wù)就是要觀察這根帶子和障礙物，然后沿著帶子走，跨過(guò)障礙物，走到帶子的另一端。必須要從一端走到另一

端。What

Next

Step

behaviours

are

we

demonstrating?

這個(gè)例子演示了什么行為？Did

we

get

to

the

other

end

of

the

tapesafely?我們是否安全地到達(dá)了另一端？33The

Hand

slapping

gameGet

people

to

partner

up

and

stand

face

to

face.Place

your

hands

together

in

frontof

you

and

move

close

enoughuntil

your

fingertips

are

touching

your

partners.

Take

turns

in

tryingto

slap

theother

person’s

hands

before

they

can

pull

themaway.This

is

simulating

“Line

of

fire”

and

“Eyes

on

hands”.Thank

the

volunteer

&

give

thema

small

gift

(small

choc

bar

orsimilar)A

quick

reinforcement

activity一個(gè)快速的加強(qiáng)印像的練習(xí)活動(dòng)The

Hand

slapping

game拍手游戲Turn

to

a

partner轉(zhuǎn)向你的伙伴Place

your

hands

together

in

front

of

you

andmove

close

enough

until

your

fingertips

aretouching

your

partners.Take

turns

in

trying

toslap

the

other

person’s

hands

before

they

canpull

them

away.將你的手合在一起，然后慢慢向前移動(dòng)，直到你的指尖能夠接觸到你的伙伴的。輪流試著拍打相互的手，看另一方是否被打