2024年高考英語模擬卷（天津卷01）（全解全析）

英語（天津卷01）2024年高考第一次模擬考試（考試時(shí)間：100分鐘試卷滿分：130分）注意事項(xiàng)：1．本試卷分第Ⅰ卷（選擇題）和第Ⅱ卷（非選擇題）兩部分。答卷前，考生務(wù)必將自己的姓名、準(zhǔn)考證號(hào)填寫在答題卡上。2．回答第Ⅰ卷時(shí)，選出每小題答案后，用2B鉛筆把答題卡上對(duì)應(yīng)題目的答案標(biāo)號(hào)涂黑。如需改動(dòng)，用橡皮擦干凈后，再選涂其他答案標(biāo)號(hào)。寫在本試卷上無效。3．回答第Ⅱ卷時(shí)，將答案寫在答題卡上。寫在本試卷上無效。4．考試結(jié)束后，將本試卷和答題卡一并交回。第一部分：英語知識(shí)運(yùn)用（共兩節(jié)，滿分45分）第一節(jié)：?jiǎn)雾?xiàng)填空（共15小題；每小題1分，滿分15分）從A、B、C、D四個(gè)選項(xiàng)中，選出可以填入空白處的最佳選項(xiàng)。1．（2022天津.統(tǒng)考二模）—HaveyouevervisitedtheOrientalPearlTVTower?—Yes.WhenIwasatuniversityinShanghai,I________ittwice.A．visited B．havevisited C．hadvisited D．wouldvisit【答案】A【詳解】考查一般過去時(shí)。句意：——你參觀過東方明珠電視塔嗎？——是的。當(dāng)我在上海上大學(xué)的時(shí)候，我去過兩次。根據(jù)時(shí)間狀語從句“WhenIwasatuniversityinShanghai”可知，此處是描述過去發(fā)生的事情，應(yīng)用一般過去時(shí)。故選A。2．（2023·天津南開·統(tǒng)考二模）________theconvenienceofdigitalpayment,manyseniorcitizensstartedtousesmartphones.A．Enjoying B．Enjoyed C．Toenjoy D．Havingenjoyed【答案】C【詳解】考查不定式。句意：為了享受數(shù)字支付的便利，許多老人開始使用智能。A.Enjoying享受；B.Enjoyed享受；C.Toenjoy為了享受；D.Havingenjoyed享受過。分析句子可知，句中已有謂語started，空處應(yīng)為非謂語動(dòng)詞，結(jié)合句意可知表示目的，應(yīng)用不定式，故選C項(xiàng)。3．（2022天津南開·統(tǒng)考）Mr.Zhanggavethetextbookstoallthepupilsexcept_____whohadalreadytakenthem.A．theones B．ones C．some D．theothers【答案】A【詳解】考查代詞。句意：除了那些已經(jīng)拿過課本的學(xué)生外，張老師把課本發(fā)給了所有的學(xué)生。A.theones特指上文出現(xiàn)過的復(fù)數(shù)名詞；B.ones泛指上文出現(xiàn)過的復(fù)數(shù)名詞；C.some一些；D.theothers特指某一范圍內(nèi)的“其他的人或物”。theones=thepupils，特指，作定語從句的先行詞。some和theothers本身并不是一個(gè)完整的、特定的名詞短語，因此它們不能成為定語從句中先行詞，而必須和其他名詞一起使用。故選A。4．（2023·天津·校聯(lián)考二模）92000hectaresoffarmlandinthecountryhavebeenplantedwithfoodcrops________.A．uptonow B．tenyearsago C．nowandthen D．bytheendofnextyear【答案】A【詳解】考查時(shí)間狀語。句意：到目前為止，全國(guó)種植糧食作物的耕地面積已達(dá)萬公頃。A.uptonow到目前為止，用現(xiàn)在完成時(shí)；B.tenyearsago十年前，用一般過去時(shí)；C.nowandthen有時(shí)，用一般現(xiàn)在時(shí)；D.bytheendofnextyear到明年年底前，用將來完成時(shí)。根據(jù)句中時(shí)態(tài)havebeenplanted可知，此處應(yīng)用uptonow來表示“到目前為止”，故選A。5．（2023·天津·校聯(lián)考二模）Ifyouarefacingadifficulttask,trybreakingitintosmallsteps________youcanfinishitmoreeasily.A．incase B．sothat C．evenif D．nowthat【答案】B【詳解】考查目的狀語從句。句意：如果你正面臨一項(xiàng)困難的任務(wù)，試著把它分成小步驟，這樣你就能更容易地完成它。A.incase以防萬一；B.sothat為了、目的是；C.evenif即使；D.nowthat既然。根據(jù)句意可知，將任務(wù)分成小步驟是“為了”更容易完成，為直接目的，應(yīng)用sothat引導(dǎo)，此處是一個(gè)目的狀語從句。故選B項(xiàng)。6．（2023·天津·校聯(lián)考二模）PeacockDancebyYangLipingesfromatraditionalbeliefthatitaimsto________theDaiwomen’sbeauty.A．bringout B．showoff C．passdown D．turnup【答案】A【詳解】考查動(dòng)詞短語詞義辨析。句意：楊麗萍的《孔雀舞》源于一種傳統(tǒng)觀念，認(rèn)為它旨在展現(xiàn)傣族女性的美。A.bringout使明顯；拿出；展現(xiàn)；B.showoff炫耀；C.passdown傳遞；D.turnup出現(xiàn)。根據(jù)“theDaiwomen’sbeauty.”可知，楊麗萍的《孔雀舞》展現(xiàn)傣族女性的美。故選A。7．（2023·天津·校聯(lián)考二模）You’dbetterbackupgeneralstatementswith________examplestomakeyourarticlefullanddetailed.A．various B．specific C．typical D．individual【答案】B【詳解】考查形容詞詞義辨析。句意：你最好用具體的例子來支持一般的陳述，使你的文章完整而詳細(xì)。A.various各種各樣的；B.specific具體的；C.typical典型的；有代表性的；D.individual單獨(dú)的。根據(jù)“tomakeyourarticlefullanddetailed.”可知，為了你的文章完整而詳細(xì)，需要具體的例子。故選B。8．（2023·天津·校聯(lián)考二模）Theemployersoftengivethejobto________theybelievehasworkexperiencewithstrongsenseofduty.A．whoever B．who C．thosewho D．whomever【答案】A【詳解】考查賓語從句。句意：雇主通常把這份工作給那些他們認(rèn)為有工作經(jīng)驗(yàn)和強(qiáng)烈責(zé)任感的人。分析句子可知，設(shè)空處在句中引導(dǎo)從句，在從句中作主語，根據(jù)從句謂語動(dòng)詞has可知，主語應(yīng)為單數(shù)形式，thosewho引導(dǎo)從句時(shí)，從句謂語形式與先行詞those保持一致，為復(fù)數(shù)形式，故排除；whomever引導(dǎo)從句時(shí)，在從句中作賓語或表語，故排除；結(jié)合句意可知，此處應(yīng)表示“無論誰”，沒有范圍，whoever更合適。故選A項(xiàng)。9．（2023·天津和平·統(tǒng)考二模）WilliamHastieoncesuggestedthathistoryinformsusofpastmistakes________wecanlearnwithoutrepeatingthem.A．ofwhom B．a(chǎn)boutwhich C．fromwhich D．bywhom【答案】C【詳解】考查介詞+關(guān)系代詞引導(dǎo)的定語從句。句意：威廉·海斯蒂曾提出，歷史告訴我們過去的錯(cuò)誤，我們可以從中吸取教訓(xùn)，而不必重蹈覆轍。分析句子可知，空處及之后的句子為定語從句，先行詞為mistakes，句子表示“我們可以從錯(cuò)誤中吸取教訓(xùn)，而不是重蹈覆轍”，所以空處用“fromwhich”，故選C。10．（2023·天津河北·統(tǒng)考一模）Theschool________withreadinglessonsthattaughtstudentstoguessthemeaningofnewwords.A．didthetrick B．pavedthewayC．bravedtheelements D．brokenewground【答案】D【詳解】考查習(xí)語。句意：學(xué)校在閱讀課上開創(chuàng)了新方法，教學(xué)生猜測(cè)新單詞的意思。A.didthetrick獲得成功；B.pavedtheway鋪平道路；C.bravedtheelements不懼酷境；D.brokenewground開辟新領(lǐng)域、開創(chuàng)新方法。結(jié)合“taughtstudentstoguessthemeaningofnewwords”可知，應(yīng)該是學(xué)校在閱讀課上開創(chuàng)了新方法。故選D項(xiàng)。11．（2023·天津·校聯(lián)考一模）Turkishofficialsaresayingthatthenumberofpeoplewho________bytheearthquakesthattookplaceinsoutheasternTurkey________atleast20million.A．hadbeenaffected;reaches B．hasaffected;reachC．wasaffected;reach D．havebeenaffected;reaches【答案】D【詳解】考查時(shí)態(tài)語態(tài)和主謂一致。句意：土耳其官員說，受土耳其東南部地震影響的人數(shù)至少達(dá)到2000萬。第一空在who引導(dǎo)的定語從句作謂語，句子表示從過去到現(xiàn)在地震影響了人們，應(yīng)用現(xiàn)在完成時(shí)，且who代指先行詞people，和動(dòng)詞affect(影響)為被動(dòng)關(guān)系，應(yīng)用現(xiàn)在完成時(shí)的被動(dòng)，從句主語who代指people，為復(fù)數(shù)，所以第一空為havebeenaffected，第二空作that引導(dǎo)的賓語從句的謂語，句子描述一般性事實(shí)，應(yīng)用一般現(xiàn)在時(shí)，賓語從句的主語是thenumberofpeople，thenumberof(……的數(shù)量)后面加可數(shù)名詞復(fù)數(shù)，謂語動(dòng)詞應(yīng)用單數(shù)，故選D。12．（2023·天津南開·統(tǒng)考一模）LastApril,thousandsofholidaymakersremained________abroadduetothevolcanicashcloud.A．sticking B．stuck C．tobestuck D．tohavestuck【答案】B【詳解】考查過去分詞。句意：去年四月，由于火山灰層，成千上萬的游客滯留在國(guó)外。本句已有謂語remained且無連詞，動(dòng)詞stick(滯留)用非謂語形式，邏輯主語holidaymakers與動(dòng)詞stick是動(dòng)賓關(guān)系，表示被動(dòng)，用過去分詞作表語，表狀態(tài)，故選B。13．（2023·天津南開·統(tǒng)考一模）Atthattimewehadtomakethe________thatthediseasewasspreadingandtakeactiontostopit.A．a(chǎn)rrangement B．a(chǎn)ppointment C．a(chǎn)ssumption D．a(chǎn)ssistance【答案】C【詳解】考查名詞詞義辨析。句意：當(dāng)時(shí)我們必須假設(shè)這種疾病正在傳播，并采取行動(dòng)阻止它。A.arrangement安排；B.appointment約會(huì)；C.assumption假設(shè)；D.assistance幫助。結(jié)合句意，that引導(dǎo)的同位從句是抽象名詞assumption的具體內(nèi)容。故選C項(xiàng)。14．（2023下·天津·高三天津一中?？茧A段練習(xí)）Whileitiscrucialtolearnandgrowfromthedisappointments,itis________importanttorecognizeacplishments.A．slightly B．equally C．increasingly D．widely【答案】B【詳解】考查副詞詞義辨析。句意：雖然從失望中學(xué)習(xí)和成長(zhǎng)至關(guān)重要，但認(rèn)可成就也同樣重要。A.slightly輕微地；B.equally同樣地；C.increasingly越來越多地；D.widely普遍地。根據(jù)上文“itiscrucialtolearnandgrowfromthedisappointments(從失望中學(xué)習(xí)和成長(zhǎng))”以及下文“torecognizeacplishments(認(rèn)可成就)”可知，句子表達(dá)的是“這兩者同等重要”，應(yīng)選擇表示“同樣地”含義的副詞，故選B項(xiàng)。15．（2023·天津·校聯(lián)考一模）—ThisistheworstfoodI’veevertasted.—______.Iwon’teathereanymore.A．Youcansaythatagain B．It’suptoyouC．It’soutofthequestion D．Thatdepends【答案】A【詳解】考查情景交際。句意：—這是我吃過的最難吃的食物?！阏f得對(duì)。我不會(huì)再在這里吃了。A.Youcansaythatagain你說的對(duì)；B.It’suptoyou你說了算；C.It’soutofthequestion不可能的；D.Thatdepends視情況而定。根據(jù)空后的“Iwon’teathereanymore.”可知，后者是對(duì)前者說法的贊同或認(rèn)可，所以結(jié)合選項(xiàng)，此空表示“你說的對(duì)”為Youcansaythatagain。故選A項(xiàng)。第二節(jié)：完形填空（共20小題；每小題1.5分，滿分30分）閱讀下面短文，掌握其大意，然后從各題所給的A、B、C、D四個(gè)選項(xiàng)中，選出最佳選項(xiàng)。（2023·天津·耀華中學(xué)?？级＃㎏enCampbellhadlastattemptedrunningathighschool.Whenhiswife,Susan,injuredherfoot,sheneeded16torejoinherrunninggroup,soCampbellwentalongtokeepherpanyinthe17.“Wewerejustwalkingatthebeginning,”hesays,“Iwasheavy,andweighedover90kg.”Butastheweeksandmonthspassed,theweight18,SusanrecoveredandCampbell’s19grew.Attheageof63,heran50km,andat70,hepleteda100kmultramarathon.Sohowdoessomeonewithno20precedent(先例)beeanultradistancerunnerinhis60sand70s?Susanhadrunmarathonsbeforeher21,butforCampbell,theturningpointcamewhenSusan’sFleetFeetrunninggroup22thetrailsintheSierraNevadafoothillsneartheirhome.CampbellwentouttovisitSusan’sgroup,and“thetrailswereaterrible23.Ithadbeenraining,andIwasslipping,24andfalling.ButIthought,well,Ilikethisalot.”Whatheliked25wasthefeelingof“beingwrappedbythetrail,being26bytheclosenessofthevegetation(植被)andthenearnessoftheriver.Iwaswalkingwhere27peoplehadwalkedforthousandsofyearsandwhereminershadwalkedontheirwaytogold.”Runningthe100kmultramarathontookCampbell16hours.WhenCampbell28thefinishlineat3am,Susanhandedhima100kmstickerto29onthebackofhistruck.Healreadyhada50kmoneonthere.“Itisapublicstatementthatyouarepartofthis30,”hesays.“Whereverwepark,Iseealineof31withtheirvariousstickersandIfeelthatweareatribe(部落).”Campbellsufferedarthritis(關(guān)節(jié)炎)beforehestartedrunning,andwas“a(n)32forkneereplacement”,butfornow,heis33onsurgery.Itcan34therunning—butthe“senseofwellbeingandacplishmentwillcarrymeonforever”,hesays,“IfIcan’trun,Iwill35.”16．A．operation B．support C．dignity D．a(chǎn)rrangement17．A．symptom B．recovery C．treatment D．diagnosis18．A．cameout B．gotaround C．wentoff D．fellaway19．A．talent B．health C．experiences D．a(chǎn)bilities20．A．sporting B．volunteering C．a(chǎn)ppealing D．inspiring21．A．graduation B．injury C．growth D．a(chǎn)ttendance22．A．movedabout B．a(chǎn)ccountedfor C．gotoff D．tookto23．A．fancy B．a(chǎn)tmosphere C．mess D．dream24．A．sliding B．moving C．hiking D．stretching25．A．a(chǎn)boveall B．a(chǎn)trandom C．onpurpose D．inturn26．A．a(chǎn)ppreciated B．invited C．buried D．embraced27．A．familiar B．generous C．native D．strange28．A．parted B．returned C．crossed D．divided29．A．locate B．display C．remain D．a(chǎn)dvertise30．A．munity B．a(chǎn)chievement C．process D．class31．A．drivers B．vehicles C．a(chǎn)thletes D．trees32．A．target B．a(chǎn)lternative C．candidate D．survivor33．A．stayingup B．livingthrough C．lookingback D．holdingoff34．A．throwlighton B．putanendto C．haveaneyefor D．takeadvantageof35．A．lie B．rest C．stop D．walk【答案】16．B17．B18．D19．D20．A21．B22．D23．C24．A25．A26．D27．C28．C29．B30．A31．B32．C33．D34．B35．D【導(dǎo)語】本文是一篇記敘文。文章講述了沒有運(yùn)動(dòng)先例的坎貝爾因照顧妻子與跑步結(jié)緣，并熱愛上這項(xiàng)運(yùn)動(dòng)的故事。16．考查名詞詞義辨析。句意：當(dāng)他的妻子蘇珊的腳受傷時(shí)，她需要幫助才能重新加入跑步小組，所以坎貝爾陪著她一起康復(fù)。A.operation操作；B.support幫助；C.dignity尊嚴(yán)；D.arrangement安排。根據(jù)句中“Susan,injuredherfoot”和“torejoinherrunninggroup”可推知，坎貝爾的妻子腳受傷，她需要丈夫的幫助才能重新回到跑步小組。故選B項(xiàng)。17．考查名詞詞義辨析。句意：當(dāng)他的妻子蘇珊的腳受傷時(shí)，她需要幫助才能重新加入跑步小組，所以坎貝爾陪著她一起康復(fù)。A.symptom癥狀；B.recovery康復(fù)；C.treatment治療；D.diagnosis診斷。根據(jù)上文“Susan,injuredherfoot”和下文“Wewerejustwalkingatthebeginning,”可知，蘇珊只能行走，受傷的腳還在康復(fù)期。故選B項(xiàng)。18．考查動(dòng)詞短語辨析。句意：但幾周、幾個(gè)月過去了，體重減輕了，蘇珊恢復(fù)了健康，坎貝爾的能力也增強(qiáng)了。A.cameout出來；B.gotaround傳播；C.wentoff關(guān)閉；D.fellaway消瘦。上文“Iwasheavy,andweighedover90kg.”講坎貝爾太胖了，結(jié)合句中“Butastheweeksandmonthspassed”可推知，通過鍛煉他的體重減輕了。故選D項(xiàng)。19．考查名詞詞義辨析。句意：但幾周、幾個(gè)月過去了，體重減輕了，蘇珊恢復(fù)了健康，坎貝爾的能力也增強(qiáng)了。A.talent才能；B.health健康；C.experiences經(jīng)驗(yàn)；D.abilities能力。根據(jù)下文“Attheageof63,heran50km,andat70,hepleteda100kmultramarathon.”可知，坎貝爾的運(yùn)動(dòng)能力增強(qiáng)了。故選D項(xiàng)。20．考查形容詞詞義辨析。句意：那么，一個(gè)沒有運(yùn)動(dòng)先例的人是如何在六七十歲的時(shí)候成為一名超遠(yuǎn)距離運(yùn)動(dòng)員的呢？A.sporting體育運(yùn)動(dòng)的；B.volunteering自愿的；C.appealing吸引人的；D.inspiring鼓舞人心的。根據(jù)第一段中“KenCampbellhadlastattemptedrunningathighschool.”和“Iwasheavy,andweighedover90kg.”可知，坎貝爾不是一個(gè)愛運(yùn)動(dòng)的人，沒有運(yùn)動(dòng)的先例。故選A項(xiàng)。21．考查名詞詞義辨析。句意：蘇珊在受傷前跑過馬拉松，但對(duì)坎貝爾來說，轉(zhuǎn)折點(diǎn)出現(xiàn)在蘇珊的FleetFeet跑步小組喜歡上他們家附近的內(nèi)華達(dá)山脈山麓的小徑。A.graduation畢業(yè)；B.injury傷害；C.growth增長(zhǎng)；D.attendance出勤。根據(jù)上文“Whenhiswife,Susan,injuredherfoot,sheneeded1torejoinherrunninggroup”可知，蘇珊在受傷前跑過馬拉松。故選B項(xiàng)。22．考查動(dòng)詞短語辨析。句意：蘇珊在受傷前跑過馬拉松，但對(duì)坎貝爾來說，轉(zhuǎn)折點(diǎn)出現(xiàn)在蘇珊的FleetFeet跑步小組喜歡上他們家附近的內(nèi)華達(dá)山脈山麓的小徑。A.movedabout四處活動(dòng)；B.accountedfor說明；C.gotoff下車；D.tookto喜歡。根據(jù)下一段中“CampbellwentouttovisitSusan’sgroup,and“thetrailswereaterrible8.”可知，蘇珊的跑步小組在他們家附近的內(nèi)華達(dá)山脈山麓小徑跑步，說明跑步小組喜歡這里的環(huán)境。故選D項(xiàng)。23．考查名詞詞義辨析。句意：坎貝爾去拜訪蘇珊的跑步小組，發(fā)現(xiàn)“小徑上一片狼藉。天一直在下雨，我失足，滑行。但我想，好吧，我很喜歡這個(gè)?！盇.fancy想法；B.atmosphere氣氛；C.mess混亂；D.dream夢(mèng)想。根據(jù)下文“Ithadbeenraining,andIwasslipping,9andfalling.”可知，跑步的小徑因?yàn)橄掠暌粓F(tuán)糟。故選C項(xiàng)。24．考查動(dòng)詞詞義辨析。句意：坎貝爾去拜訪蘇珊的跑步小組，發(fā)現(xiàn)“小徑上一片狼藉。天一直在下雨，我失足，滑行。但我想，好吧，我很喜歡這個(gè)?！盇.sliding滑行；B.moving移動(dòng)；C.hiking徒步旅行；D.stretching伸展。與動(dòng)詞slipping和falling并列，表示“滑行”。故選A項(xiàng)。25．考查介詞短語辨析。句意：他最喜歡的是那種“被小徑包裹著，被茂密的植被和河流所擁抱”的感覺。我走的地方是當(dāng)?shù)厝俗哌^幾千年的地方，也是礦工們尋找黃金的地方?！盇.aboveall首先，最重要的；B.atrandom隨機(jī)；C.onpurpose故意；D.inturn反過來。根據(jù)句中“thefeelingof“beingwrappedbythetrail,being11bytheclosenessofthevegetation(植被)andthenearnessoftheriver.”可知，這是坎貝爾最喜歡的部分。故選A項(xiàng)。26．考查動(dòng)詞詞義辨析。句意同上。A.appreciated欣賞；B.invited邀請(qǐng)；C.buried埋葬；D.embraced擁抱。根據(jù)句中“theclosenessofthevegetation”可推知，坎貝爾喜歡被動(dòng)茂密的植被擁抱的感覺，embraced與上文wrapped同語一致。故選D項(xiàng)。27．考查形容詞詞義辨析。句意同上。A.familiar熟悉；B.generous慷慨的；C.native本地的；D.strange奇怪的。根據(jù)句中“peoplehadwalkedforthousandsofyears”可知，這些人是本地人。故選C項(xiàng)。28．考查動(dòng)詞詞義辨析。句意：當(dāng)坎貝爾凌晨3點(diǎn)沖過終點(diǎn)線時(shí)，蘇珊遞給他一張100公里的貼紙，讓他在卡車后面展示。A.parted分開；B.returned返回；C.crossed穿過；D.divided分開。根據(jù)句中“thefinishline”可知，坎貝爾穿過了終點(diǎn)線。故選C項(xiàng)。29．考查動(dòng)詞詞義辨析。句意：當(dāng)坎貝爾凌晨3點(diǎn)沖過終點(diǎn)線時(shí)，蘇珊遞給他一張100公里的貼紙，讓他在卡車后面展示。A.locate定位；B.display展示；C.remain保持；D.advertise宣傳。根據(jù)句中“onthebackofhistruck”可知，貼紙是拿來用于展示的。故選B項(xiàng)。30．考查名詞詞義辨析。句意：這是一份公開聲明，表明你是這個(gè)社區(qū)的一員。A.munity社區(qū)；B.achievement成就；C.process過程；D.class類。根據(jù)下文“Whereverwepark,Iseealineof16withtheirvariousstickersandIfeelthatweareatribe(部落).””可知，跑完100公里超級(jí)馬拉松的人都有貼紙，所以他們是一個(gè)部落，一個(gè)社區(qū)。故選A項(xiàng)。31．考查名詞詞義辨析。句意：無論我們?cè)谀睦锿＼?，我都?huì)看到一排貼著各種貼紙的車輛，我覺得我們是一個(gè)部落。A.drivers司機(jī)；B.vehicles車輛；C.athletes運(yùn)動(dòng)員；D.trees樹。根據(jù)上文“Susanhandedhima100kmstickerto14onthebackofhistruck.”可知，貼紙是貼在車上的，所以他看到的是一排貼著各種貼紙的車輛。故選B項(xiàng)。32．考查名詞詞義辨析。句意：坎貝爾在開始跑步之前患有關(guān)節(jié)炎，并且是“膝關(guān)節(jié)置換術(shù)的候選人”，但現(xiàn)在，他推遲了手術(shù)。A.target目標(biāo)；B.alternative另一種選擇；C.candidate候選人；D.survivor幸存者。根據(jù)句中“kneereplacement”可知，坎貝爾在排隊(duì)等候膝關(guān)節(jié)置換術(shù)，他是候選人。故選C項(xiàng)。33．考查動(dòng)詞短語辨析。句意：坎貝爾在開始跑步之前患有關(guān)節(jié)炎，并且是“膝關(guān)節(jié)置換術(shù)的候選人”，但現(xiàn)在，他推遲了手術(shù)。A.stayingup熬夜；B.livingthrough渡過；C.lookingback回顧；D.holdingoff暫緩。上文說坎貝爾在排隊(duì)等候膝關(guān)節(jié)置換術(shù)，結(jié)合連詞but可知，上下文之是轉(zhuǎn)折關(guān)系，可推知，現(xiàn)在他推遲了手術(shù)。故選D項(xiàng)。34．考查動(dòng)詞短語辨析。句意：它可以結(jié)束跑步，但“幸福感和成就感將永遠(yuǎn)支撐著我”，他說，“如果我不能跑，我會(huì)走?！盇.throwlighton揭示；B.putanendto結(jié)束；C.haveaneyefor很有眼力；D.takeadvantageof利用。根據(jù)上文可知，坎貝爾患有關(guān)節(jié)炎，關(guān)節(jié)炎可能會(huì)結(jié)束他的跑步生涯。故選B項(xiàng)。35．考查動(dòng)詞詞義辨析。句意：它可以結(jié)束跑步，但“幸福感和成就感將永遠(yuǎn)支撐著我”，他說，“如果我不能跑，我會(huì)走。”A.lie撒謊；B.rest休息；C.stop停止；D.walk走。根據(jù)上文“senseofwellbeingandacplishmentwillcarrymeonforever”可推知，坎貝爾不會(huì)放棄鍛煉，即使不能跑，他還是會(huì)堅(jiān)持行走。故選D項(xiàng)。第二部分：閱讀理解（共20小題；每小題2.5分，滿分50分）閱讀下列短文，從每題所給的A、B、C、D四個(gè)選項(xiàng)中，選出最佳選項(xiàng)。A（2023·天津·校聯(lián)考二模）Sowhetheryouare“ayogaprofessional”lookingforsomewherenewtopractice,or“anovice”interestedintryingyogaforthefirsttime,MoveGBispullingallthestopsoutforNationalYogaMonth,reachingouttoits1,281yogapartnerstogenerateayogascheduleforLondonersthatwillkeepyouinspiredandfeelinggreatthroughoutthemonth.Monday,3SeptemberSunriseyogainthecloudsatYogasphereStartthedaywithanactiveyogapractice.Anhourofmind,bodyandsoulrelaxationmakesyoufeelflexible,inspired,andreadyforthedayahead.Saturday,8SeptemberAerial(空中的)yogaatFlyingFantasticAerialyogagivesaslightlydifferentreadingoftheancientartofyogaIusesposesthroughsevenpathsinthebodyandcanhelpthosewithbackandshoulderpainandprovidesagoodworkout.It’sdevotedtohelpingyoureducethetensioninthebonesandmuscles,whichinturnincreasesyourbalanceabilityandflexibilityinthemuscles.Wednesday,12SeptemberColortherapywithChromaYogaConquerthemidweektirednessandstimulateyoursenseswithChromaYoga,whichbinesyogapracticewithlightandcolortherapytechniques,brainstimulatingmusicandnaturalsmelltocreateawellnessexperience.Thursday,20SeptemberPoweryogaatFactory45TurnonyourholidaywithanexperimentalstudiospaceintheheartofBoroughthatisnowhometoart,music,fashionandfitness.36．Whatis“anovice”?A．Astudent. B．Abeginner. C．Ayogacoach. D．Apregnantwoman.37．Ifyouwanttopracticeyogaearlyinthemorning,youshouldchoose________.A．PoweryogaatFactory45B．AerialyogaatFlyingFantasticC．ColortherapywithChromaYogaD．SunriseyogainthecloudsatYogasphere38．AerialyogaclassofMoveGBbenefitsyouby.A．helpingyougetridofoutdatedyogamovesB．teachingyousomebasicdancingskillsC．curingyourbackandshoulderdiseasesD．makingyourbodymoreflexible39．TakingColortherapywithChromaYogaclasses,youcan.A．doyogaexercisewhileyoursensesarestimulatedB．experiencefloatingintheairandenjoyniceviewsC．enjoycolorfulpaintingsbyfamousartistsD．createyourowntherapytechniques40．WhatdoesMoveGBintendtodo?A．Toteachusthecorrectyogaroutines.B．Toshowusthebenefitofdoingyoga.C．Toencouragepeopletotakemoreexercise.D．TospreadyogaclassesthroughoutLondon.【答案】36．B37．D38．D39．A40．D【導(dǎo)語】本文是一篇應(yīng)用文，主要介紹的是MoveGB的一系列瑜伽活動(dòng)。36．詞句猜測(cè)題。根據(jù)第一段的“tryingyogaforthefirsttime(第一次嘗試瑜伽)”可知，第一次嘗試瑜伽的是瑜伽新手，所以anovice是新手，故選B。37．細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)SunriseyogainthecloudsatYogasphere部分的“Startthedaywithanactiveyogapractice.(以積極的瑜伽練習(xí)開始新的一天。)”可知，如果你想在清晨練習(xí)瑜伽，你應(yīng)該選擇SunriseyogainthecloudsatYogasphere，故選D。38．細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)Aerial(空中的)yogaatFlyingFantastic部分的“It’sdevotedtohelpingyoureducethetensioninthebonesandmuscles,whichinturnincreasesyourbalanceabilityandflexibilityinthemuscles.(它致力于幫助你減少骨骼和肌肉的緊張，從而提高你的平衡能力和肌肉的靈活性。)”可知，MoveGB的空中瑜伽課程的好處在于讓你的身體更靈活，故選D。39．細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)ColortherapywithChromaYoga部分的“ConquerthemidweektirednessandstimulateyoursenseswithChromaYoga,whichbinesyogapracticewithlightandcolortherapytechniques,brainstimulatingmusicandnaturalsmelltocreateawellnessexperience.(克服周中疲勞，用色度瑜伽刺激你的感官，將瑜伽練習(xí)與光和色彩療法技術(shù)、刺激大腦的音樂和自然氣味相結(jié)合，創(chuàng)造一種健康的體驗(yàn)。)”可知，參加ColortherapywithChromaYoga，你可以在刺激感官的同時(shí)做瑜伽鍛煉。故選A。40．推理判斷題。根據(jù)第一段的“Sowhetheryouare“ayogaprofessional”lookingforsomewherenewtopractice,or“anovice”interestedintryingyogaforthefirsttime,MoveGBispullingallthestopsoutforNationalYogaMonth,reachingouttoits1,281yogapartnerstogenerateayogascheduleforLondonersthatwillkeepyouinspiredandfeelinggreatthroughoutthemonth.(因此，無論你是尋找新地方練習(xí)的“瑜伽專業(yè)人士”，還是對(duì)第一次嘗試瑜伽感興趣的“新手”，MoveGB都在全國(guó)瑜伽月全力以赴，與1281名瑜伽合作伙伴聯(lián)系，為倫敦人制定一份瑜伽時(shí)間表，讓你在整個(gè)月里都保持靈感和感覺良好。)”可知，MoveGB打算在倫敦推廣瑜伽課程。故選D。B（2023·天津北辰·統(tǒng)考模擬預(yù)測(cè)）IfNatalieMoraleshadtodescribehermominjustoneword,shewouldpick:survivor.That’sbecausehermom,PenelopeMoraleshadatoughchildhood.“Hermotherwasn’treadytobeamomandgaveheruptohergrandmother,”saysNatalie,“Ithinksheoftenfeltinlifelikeshewasn’twantedandwasn’tloved.”PenelopeMoralesputherselfthroughcollegeanditwastherethatshemetNatalie’sdad,whowasservinginthemilitary.Theyfellinloveandmarried,andherlifeasamilitarymomofthreechildrenbecameagreatadventure.“Shebasicallyraisedusmovingfromplacetoplace.IwasborninTaiwan,China,butwelivedinPanama,BrazilandSpain.Andmymomwastheconstant,”saysNatalie,“Shewouldalwaysmakesurethatwhenwegothomefromschool,wefeltlikewehadournumberonefan,ourchampionrightthere,waitingforus.”Alongtheway,Natalielearnedmanythingsfromhermother,whichshecarriesoninherroleasamotheroftwosons.AsaMother’sDaygift,Natalietreatedhermomtoadayofpampering(寵愛).“Iwantmymomtofeellikeaqueen,”shesays.Andaspartofthesurprise,Nataliebroughtalonganoldphotoofhermother,whichshewantedtorecreate.“Ithinkitwastakeninthemid60s.Soshewasinherearlytomidtwenties.She’sjustabsolutelyabeautifulwoman.Butshe’slookinginthemirror.It’slikenotknowingreallyherfuture,butknowingwhereshe’sefrom,”describesNatalie.“Thatpicturejustspeakssomuchtome.Iwanthertoseewhatshecreatedinthatmirror,andthatshegaveusallsomethingsogreat.”“It’sjustanamazingexperiencetotakethispictureandhaveNataliedoit.Icouldneverimagineinmyentirelife,”saysPenelopeMorales,whoaddsthatshe’sveryproudofherdaughter,“AllIwantheristobehappyandtoraiseherchildrenthesameway,”shesays.41．WhatcanbeinferredaboutNatalie’smother?A．Shesurvivedanadventurefortunately.B．Hermothergaveherupbecauseofpoverty.C．Atcollegeshemetherhusband,aschoolmate.D．Hermotherfeltthatshewasnothing.42．WhatdidNatalielearnfromhermother?A．Givingchildrengreatlove.B．Movinghouseconstantly.C．Alwayspickingupchildrenfromschool.D．Oftentakingchildrenonadventures.43．WhatdidNataliedoonMother’sDay?A．Shetreatedhermothertoabigmeal.B．Shetookhermothertotakepictures.C．Shepleasedhermotherbypolishinganoldphoto.D．Shegavehermotherabigsurprisewithhersons.44．WhatcanwesayaboutthegiftNataliegavehermother?A．Itwasexpected.B．Itwasasuccess.C．Itmadehermotherdependentonher.D．Itbroughttearstohermother’seyes.45．Whatdoestheauthormainlywanttotellusinthepassage?A．Natalielovesandrespectshermotherverymuch.B．Natalie’smotherhassufferedtoomuchallherlife.C．Natalie’smotherthinkshighlyofherdaughter’sgift.D．Natalie’s“survivor”momdeservesthespecialMother’sDaygift.【答案】41．D42．A43．C44．B45．D【導(dǎo)語】這是一篇記敘文。短文敘述了娜塔莉的母親的個(gè)人經(jīng)歷以及對(duì)孩子的愛，受到母親的影響，作者也將對(duì)孩子的愛延續(xù)下去。在母親節(jié)這天，娜塔莉翻新了母親年輕時(shí)的照片，母親很是高興。41．推理判斷題。根據(jù)第一段“Ithinksheoftenfeltinlifelikeshewasn’twantedandwasn’tloved.”（我想她在生活中經(jīng)常覺得自己不被需要，也不被愛）可知，關(guān)于娜塔莉的母親，我們可以推斷出她母親覺得自己不重要。故選D項(xiàng)。42．細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)第二段““Shewouldalwaysmakesurethatwhenwegothomefromschool,wefeltlikewehadournumberonefan,ourchampionrightthere,waitingforus.”Alongtheway,Natalielearnedmanythingsfromhermother,whichshecarriesoninherroleasamotheroftwosons.”（“她總是確保當(dāng)我們從學(xué)校回家時(shí)，我們覺得我們的頭號(hào)粉絲，我們的冠軍就在那里等著我們?！币宦纷邅恚人驈哪赣H那里學(xué)到了很多東西，作為兩個(gè)兒子的母親，她把這些東西繼承了下來）可知，娜塔莉從她母親那里學(xué)到給予孩子極大的愛。故選A項(xiàng)。43．細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)第三段“Andaspartofthesurprise,Nataliebroughtalonganoldphotoofhermother,whichshewantedtorecreate.“Ithinkitwastakeninthemid60s.Soshewasinherearlytomidtwenties.She’sjustabsolutelyabeautifulwoman.”（作為驚喜的一部分，娜塔莉帶來了一張她母親的老照片，她想重現(xiàn)這張照片。“我想這是在60年代中期拍攝的。所以她在二十出頭到二十五歲左右。她絕對(duì)是個(gè)漂亮的女人?！保┛芍?，娜塔莉在母親節(jié)翻新了母親的照片。故選C項(xiàng)。44．推理判斷題。根據(jù)最后一段““It’sjustanamazingexperiencetotakethispictureandhaveNataliedoit.Icouldneverimagineinmyentirelife,”saysPenelopeMorales,whoaddsthatshe’sveryproudofherdaughter,“AllIwantheristobehappyandtoraiseherchildrenthesameway,”shesays.”（娜塔莉翻新這張照片，這真是一次奇妙的經(jīng)歷。佩內(nèi)洛普·莫拉萊斯說，她為自己的女兒感到非常驕傲。她說：“我只想讓她快樂，用同樣的方式撫養(yǎng)她的孩子?！保┛芍P(guān)于娜塔莉送給她母親的禮物的很成功的。故選B項(xiàng)。45．主旨大意題。根據(jù)第一段“IfNatalieMoraleshadtodescribehermominjustoneword,shewouldpick:survivor.”（如果娜塔莉·莫拉萊斯必須用一個(gè)詞來形容她的母親，她會(huì)選擇：幸存者）根據(jù)第三段“AsaMother’sDaygift,Natalietreatedhermomtoadayofpampering(寵愛).“Iwantmymomtofeellikeaqueen,”shesays.Andaspartofthesurprise,Nataliebroughtalonganoldphotoofhermother,whichshewantedtorecreate.”（作為母親節(jié)的禮物，娜塔莉讓媽媽享受了一天的呵護(hù)?！拔蚁胱屛覌寢尭杏X自己像個(gè)女王，”她說。作為驚喜的一部分，娜塔莉帶來了一張她母親的老照片，她想翻新這張照片）可知，短文敘述娜塔莉的母親的個(gè)人經(jīng)歷以及對(duì)孩子的愛，受到母親的影響，作者也將對(duì)孩子的愛延續(xù)下去。在母親節(jié)這天，娜塔莉翻新了母親年輕時(shí)的照片，母親很是高興。所以短文告訴我們娜塔莉的“幸存者”媽媽值得得到這份特別的母親節(jié)禮物。故選D項(xiàng)。C（2023·天津北辰·統(tǒng)考模擬預(yù)測(cè)）Canaries,akindofsmallyellowsongbirds,aremoresensitivetocarbonmonoxide(CO)thanpeopleare.Thustheywereroutinelytakenintominesasmenwentabouttheirworkofminingforcoal.COcouldquicklypoisonmanyminersbeforetheyevenknewwhatwashappening.Ifacanarystoppedsinging,thiswasanindicatorofrisingCOlevels.Nowecologiststhinkthey’vefounda“canary”thatcouldpredictpossibledisasterfortropical(熱帶的)ecosystems—thecricket(asmallbrownjumpinginsect).Cricketsaretiny,presentinlargenumbersand,mostimportantly,noisy.Thechirps(唧唧叫聲)ofindividualspeciesareidentifiablydifferent.Researchershadpreviouslywonderedifecosystemsmightbemonitoredbylisteningtohowthesoundsoftheircricketschangeovertime.AmandineGascandhercolleaguesstudiedcricketpopulationsonGrandeTerreIslandinNewCaledonia,wheremultipleecosystemsoftenexistveryneartoeachother.Theycollectedcricketsat12samplingsites.Fourwerehealthyforestsites,fourwereshrubland(灌木地)areas,whichisoftencreatedwhenpeoplecutdownforests,andfourwereshrublandareasthatwereturningintoforestsagain.Theylistenedforinsectsinsquarezonesandranten30minutecollectionsessionsateachsite.Dr.Gascdescribedhoweachecosystemhad,ineffect,adistinct“cricketfingerprint”.Speciesrichnessvariesconsiderablyamongthedifferentenvironments.Ofthe20cricketspeciesfoundinthehealthyforest,12wereuniquetothathabitatalone,2ofthe15speciesfoundintransitioningforestswereuniquetothishabitatand3ofthe7shrublandspecieswereuniquetoshrubland.Justbylookingatthecricketsfoundinagivenlocation,theteamfoundthatitwaspossibletodeterminewhethertheywerelookingatshrubland,forestorshrublandthatwaschangingintotheforest.Therewasnoneedtoexaminetheothersurroundingplantsoranimals.What’smore,Dr.Gasc’steamfoundeachhabitatcontainedcricketspeciesthatgeneratedtheiridentifiablechirps.Thissuggeststhatsettingupaudiorecordersinforeststhatpickupcricketcallswillbeaneasy,cheapandaccuratewaytodetecttheearlystagesofchangeintropicalecosystems.46．Whydidminerstakethecanaryintomines?A．TobringdownCOlevels.B．Topromotetheirworkefficiency.C．Toofferthemsomeentertainment.D．Toremindthemofthepotentialdanger.47．HowdidDr.Gascandhercolleaguescarryouttheirstudy?A．Byanalyzing“cricketfingerprints”.B．Byparingplantsindifferentzones.C．Byobservingthechangesinlandscapes.D．Byreferringtopreviousfindingsoncrickets.48．WhatconclusionmayDr.Gascandhercolleaguesdrawfromtheirstudy?A．Healthyforestsmayattractfittercrickets.B．Cricketsaresuitabletobeindicatorsinmines.C．Differentspeciesofcricketsmaysounddifferentalarms.D．Thespeciesofcricketsarestronglyrelatedtotheenvironment.49．What’sthepointofDr.Gasc’sstudyingcrickets?A．Toenrichthemethodsofmonitoringthecrickets.B．Toarousepeople’sawarenessofprotectingcrickets.C．Tocorrectthepreviouswrongrecognitionofcrickets.D．Tohelphumanseasilymonitorenvironmentalchanges.50．Whichofthefollowingcanbethebesttitleforthetext?A．Canaries:miners’goodhelpers.B．Howcricketsaredistributedintropicalareas.C．Crickets:anearlyindicatoroftropicalecosystemhealth.D．WhycricketchirpsarecollectedonGrandeTerreIsland.【答案】46．D47．A48．D49．D50．C【導(dǎo)語】這是一篇說明文。本文主要介紹了一項(xiàng)研究發(fā)現(xiàn)，通過觀測(cè)蟋蟀的叫聲，可以監(jiān)測(cè)熱帶生態(tài)系統(tǒng)變化的早期階段。46．推理判斷題。根據(jù)第一段關(guān)鍵句“Canaries,akindofsmallyellowsongbirds,aremoresensitivetocarbonmonoxide(CO)thanpeopleare.Thustheywereroutinelytakenintominesasmenwentabouttheirworkofminingforcoal.COcouldquicklypoisonmanyminersbeforetheyevenknewwhatwashappening.Ifacanarystoppedsinging,thiswasanindicatorofrisingCOlevels.”（金絲雀是一種黃色的小型鳴禽，對(duì)一氧化碳（CO）比人更敏感。因此，當(dāng)人們開始開采煤炭時(shí)，它們經(jīng)常被帶進(jìn)礦井。一氧化碳可以迅速毒害許多礦工，甚至在他們知道發(fā)生了什么之前。如果金絲雀停止唱歌，這是一氧化碳水平上升的跡象）可知，金絲雀對(duì)一氧化碳比人更敏感，金絲雀停止唱歌是一氧化碳水平上升的跡象，可以提醒礦工注意潛在的危險(xiǎn)。由此可知，礦工們把金絲雀帶進(jìn)礦井是為了提醒他們注意潛在的危險(xiǎn)。故選D項(xiàng)。47．細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)第四段關(guān)鍵句“Dr.Gascdescribedhoweachecosystemhad,ineffect,adistinct“cricketfingerprint”.Speciesrichnessvariesconsiderablyamongthedifferentenvironments.”（Gasc博士描述了每個(gè)生態(tài)系統(tǒng)實(shí)際上是如何具有獨(dú)特的“蟋蟀指紋”的。不同環(huán)境的物種豐富度差異很大）可知，Gasc和她的同事通過分析“蟋蟀指紋”來了解不同環(huán)境的物種豐富度。由此可知，Gasc和她的同事通過分析“蟋蟀指紋”來進(jìn)行研究。故選A項(xiàng)。48．細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)第四段關(guān)鍵句“Ofthe20cricketspeciesfoundinthehealthyforest,12wereuniquetothathabitatalone,2ofthe15speciesfoundintransitioningforestswereuniquetothishabitatand3ofthe7shrublandspecieswereuniquetoshrubland.”（在健康森林中發(fā)現(xiàn)的20種蟋蟀中，僅該棲息地就有12種是獨(dú)特的，在過渡森林中發(fā)現(xiàn)15種蟋蟀中有2種是該棲息地特有的，7種灌木林中發(fā)現(xiàn)的蟋蟀中有3種是灌木林特有的）可知，健康森林、過渡森林和灌木林中發(fā)現(xiàn)的蟋蟀種類不同，由此可知，Gasc博士和她的同事們可以從研究中得知蟋蟀的種類與環(huán)境密切相關(guān)。故選D項(xiàng)。49．推理判斷題。根據(jù)最后一段關(guān)鍵句“Thissuggeststhatsettingupaudiorecordersinforeststhatpickupcricketcallswillbeaneasy,cheapandaccuratewaytodetect