專題02五選四-2023年中考英語一模試題分項(xiàng)匯編(上海專用)(原卷版)

02-2023年上海市初三英語一模真題專項(xiàng)訓(xùn)練之選詞填空Completethefollowingpassagewiththewordsorphrasesinthebox.Eachcanonlybeusedonce（將下列單詞或短語填入空格，每詞只能填一次。）（8分）2023虹口一模A.evenB.traditionC.rarelyD.well-knownE.trainingQueenElizabethIIhadarealloveforanimals.Herfavouritepetsarecorgis（柯基犬）andhorses.Asa____16____,corgisusedtobeworkingdogsinWalesbuttheybecamefamousasTheQueen’spets.TheQueen’sloveforanimalsstartedatayoungagewhenshewasgiftedapuppyfromherfather,GeorgeVI.Forher18thbirthday,PrincessElizabethwasgivenacorginamedSusan.Sheisperhapsthemost____17____ofallthecorgisTheQueenowned.Thatisbecausesheusedtobreed（養(yǎng)育）14generationsofQueenElizabethⅡ’scorgis!Shelovedhercorgissomuchthatthey____18____hadtheirownroomatBuckinghamPalaceandtheirowncook!LotsofpeoplehelpedtotakecareofTheQueen’scorgisovertheyears,includinganexpert（專家）inanimalbehaviorwhocametohelpwith____19____.Itwasreportedthatsheoncesaid,“Mycorgisarefamily.”A.continuedB.eventsC.especiallyD.supportedE.convenientQueenElizabethIIisrememberedasafaithfulpetparent,____20____tohercorgis.Besidespetdogs,shehadalwayslovedhorsestoo.Onceagain,theloveforthehorsesstartedasachild.Whenshewasjustfour,shewasgivenaShetlandpony（雪特蘭馬）asagiftfromhergrandfather,GeorgeV.QueenElizabethⅡwasakeenhorseriderformanyyears.It____21____intohernineties.At96yearsofage,shewenton“agentlerideonherponyatWindsorCastle,”accordingtoPeople.Inaddition,sheusedahorseandcarriagefor____22____likeherbirthdaycelebrations.Inherlife,shealways____23____thesportofhorseracing.ShewasnamedBritishflatracing’sChampionOwnerin1954and1957.2023普陀一模A.excusesB.taketheplaceofC.fearD.consistsofE.solutionsHaveyoueverbeenafraidofflyingwhenyousitonaplane?Ifso,youmayhaveaerophobia.ThewordaerophobiacomesfromGreekandit____16____twoparts:aero,whichmeansflight,andphobia,whichmeansfeelingafraid.Thereareafewthingsyoucandotomaketheprocesseasier.Onewaytohelpyoureducethe____17____offlyingistowatchvideosofplaneslandingsafely.Breathingexercisesarealsothoughtasthebest____18____.Onethingyoumustknowisthatplanestodayareequippedwithmultiplesmartsystems.Thatmeansifonesystemfails,anotherwill____19____ittohelptheplaneflyorlandsafely.A.continueB.recentlyC.graduateD.rarelyE.recognizeDr.Hassanteachesinauniversityandshehas____20____readaboutaprogrammecalledPayingStudents.Manystudentsdropout（輟學(xué)）ofuniversitybecauseoffinancialproblems.However,shedoesn’tthinkpayingstudentswillencouragethemto____21____theirstudies.Shethinkstheprogrammedoesn’tsolvetherealproblems.Themoneywouldbebetterspentonstudentservices,likehiring（聘用）moreteachersandadvisors.Manystudents____22____managetheirtimeandthisbecamethereasonwhytheydropout.Advisorscanhelpthemlearntomanagetheirtimebetter.Thenstudentswilldobetterandaremorelikelyto____23____.2023楊浦一模FOLLOWTHATCAR!Haveyoueverthoughtofbeingaprivatedetective?A.stillB.pretendsC.probablyD.interviewE.imagineWhenwethinkofprivatedetectives,weusually____32____middle-agedmendressedinbrowncoatsandwearingsofthats.ButasuccessfuldetectiveagencyinthesouthofEnglandhasaspecialgroupof“teendetectives”.OneofthesedetectivesisMarnie,whostartedworkingfortheagencywhileshewas____33____atschool.Herfirstjobwasn’tasadetective—shewasadataclerk.Oneday,oneoftheotherdetectiveswasfollowingasuspectandheaskedMarnietoactashisniece.“Iwasscared,butitwasalsoreallyexciting!”Marnieisnow20yearsold,butsometimesshewearsadisguise[1]and____34____tobeaschoolstudent.“Youngpeoplearebetteratsurveillance[2],”shesays.“Ifyounoticeaschoolgirlstandingonthestreetcorner,you____35____won’tsuspectshe’saprivatedetective!”A.situationB.hiddenC.boringD.safetyE.independentButisn’tthejobverydangerous?“Sometimesitis,butoftenit’sjustvery____36____.Whenyoudosurveillancework,youoftenhavetowaitinoneplaceforhoursandhours.LastweekIwasinmycaroutsidesomeone’shouseforsixhours.BythetimeIhadfinished,thecarwasfullofemptysandwichboxes,drinkscansandmagazines!”Marnie’sboss,theheadofthedetectiveagency,isverycarefultoprotecther____37____.“Mydetectivesalwaysweara‘bug’—a____38____microphone,sothatIcanfollowthemandlistentothem.Ifthe____39____getsdangerous,we’llmoveinveryquickly.”Marnienowconnectsherdetectiveworkwithuniversitystudies.“Manyofthestudentsonmycoursehavepart-timejobswhiletheystudy,butI’mtheonlyprivatedetective!”Wordbox[1]disguisen.偽裝[2]surveillancen.監(jiān)視2023松江一模A.decisionB.balanceC.improvingD.carefullyE.exactlySportsareagreatwaytostayactive,makefriends,andbeinvolvedinsomething.Somepeopleknow___16___whichsporttoplayinhighschool.Forothers,it’satough___17___.WhatActivitiesCanHelpMeRelax?Manyactivitiescanberelaxing.Thefollowingthreestrengthenyouphysicallyandmentally:*Yoga（瑜伽）canimproveflexibility（柔韌性）,strengthand___18___.Besides,manypeoplewhopracticeyogasaythatiteasesanxietyandmakesthemindclear.*Pilates（普拉提）canhelpbuildflexibility,strength,endurance,andcoordination.Pilatesalsoincreasescirculationandhelpstoshapethebody.*Taichi（太極）isanancientChinesemartialartformthatisgreatfor___19___flexibilityandstrengtheningyourlegs,muscles,andarms.A.outdoorB.sameC.certainD.makeupE.giveupIsATeamSportBestForMe?Somesports,likefieldhockey（曲棍球）,needeverypersononthefieldtobeinsync（同步）.Onethingis___20___---someplayersstandoutmorethanothers,buthavingallsuperstarsdoesn’tnecessarilymakeagoodteam!WhatIfMySchoolDoesn’tHaveMySport?Allschoolscan’thaveeverysport.Acityschoolmaynothavealotoffields,forexample,whilearuralschoolmaynothaveenoughstudentsto___21___ateamforeverysport.Aschool’sgeographicregioncanalsoplayarole.Ifyoulivewhereitsnowsfromautumntospring,yourschoolmightnothavealotof___22___sports.Ifyourschooldoesn’thaveyourfavoritesport,don’tletitgetyoudown.Youcanalwaystryoutforadifferentsportduringthe___23___seasonorseeifyourtownhasarecreationalleague（娛樂聯(lián)盟）thatyoucanjoin.Whateveryouchoose,remembertohavefunwhilestayingfit!2023寶山一模A.alsoB.littleC.beganD.believedE.grewupLotsofChinesereadersarefondofJinYong’sWuxianovels.Hisgreatworkshavealsobeenadapted（改編）formanyTVseries,films,gamesandcartoons.YetJinwas____16____knowntoWesternreaders.Somepeople____17____thatJinYong’sWuxiastorieswereimpossibletobetranslated.AnnaHolmwood,however,hasmadetheimpossiblepossible.Holmwood____18____inBritainandstudiedhistoryattheUniversityofOxford.HerloveforChineseculture____19____in2005duringatwo-monthtriparoundChina.In2009,shestudiedChineseatTaiwanNormalUniversity（臺(tái)灣師范大學(xué)）forayear.A.spreadB.decisionC.finallyD.deeplyE.traditionOneday,afriendtookhertoabookshop,whereshesawawholeshelfofnovelswrittenbyJinYong.Sheboughtoneofthem.Afterreadingit,theBritishgirlwas____20____attractedbythestoriesinthenovel.Soshemadea____21____totranslateJinYong’sbest-knownnovel,LegendsoftheCondorHeroes（《射雕英雄傳》）,intoEnglish.IttookHolmwoodfiveyearstofinishthetranslation.Now,Englishreaderscan____22____appreciate（欣賞）thenovelintheirnativelanguage.Holmwoodwon’tstoptranslatingJinYong’snovels.Shewillcontinueto____23____ChineseculturetotheWesternworld.2023靜安一模A.contestB.imagineC.planningD.prizeE.heatAChristmasPartyPleasemarkyourcalendarsforDecember21,ladiesandgentlemen!Wearebusy____21____forthecomingannual（每年的）ChristmaspartythisWednesday.TheofficeChristmastreeisalreadydecorated,andholidayballoonsareeverywhere.Thefireplacewill____22____upthemeetingroomandkeepusallwarm!Forthechildren,wewillhaveourannual“plasticChristmassculpture”____23____.Ihavewashedandsavedalltheplasticknives,forksandspoonswehaveusedintheofficeforthepastyear.ThechildrenwillhaveanhourtoconstructaChristmasdecorationoutofthem.Therewillbea____24____forthemostcreativeone!A.insteadB.yourselvesC.nolongerD.shapesE.careSimilartolastyear,plentyoffoodwillbeserved,sopleasecomehungry!Iexpectyoutohelp____25____tocheeseburgers,chickenwings,ItalianpizzaandabigChristmasthemedcake.Thisyear,wewillhaveseveralcakesinthe____26____ofpresents,suchas:chocolatecake,vanillaandfruitflavoredcakes.Speakingofpresents—ontheinvitationIhavewrittenthatIrequestyour“presence”.So—pleasedon’tbringanyChristmas“presents”.Iinviteyoutojoinmeindonating（捐助）moneytotheChinaWildlifeFundforNature____27____.Therewillbeapiggybank（小豬儲(chǔ)錢罐）onthekitchentable.Justputinwhateveramountyoulike!Everysingledollargivenbyyouwillbesenttosupportthe____28____ofwildlifeinChina!Pandasandsnowleopardsneedourhelptosurvive.Hopetoseeyouattheparty!2023崇明一模A.languageB.successfulC.likelyD.habitsE.horribleAsalanguagelearner,youarenotalone.Aboutonemillionpeopleworldwidearelearningaforeignlanguage.However,notallofthemenjoysuccess.Wetalkedtohundredsof____16____languagelearners.Theysharedwithussomeoftheir____17____.Onekeytolong-termsuccessisworkingtowardsthegoalallthetime.Mostsuccessful____18____learnersmakesuretospendafewminutespracticingeveryday.Wealsostudiedsome“nine-to-fivers.”Theselanguagelearnerspracticetheirlanguageonlyinclass.Inthelongrun,theyshowmuchslowerprogressthanthosewhopracticedaily.Theyarealsomore____19____to“dropout”.A.EspeciallyB.developC.altogetherD.forgetsE.InsteadThesecondhabitofsuccessfullanguagelearneristhattheydon’t“bingestudy”.____20____,theymakeprogressthroughanumberofshortstudysessionsoveralongerperiodoftime.Learnerswhopracticenowandthenforamarathontocatchuparemorelikelytogiveup____21____.Somelanguagelearnersalwayswanttolearnasmuchnewmaterialastheycan.Butithasbeenprovedthatonegradually____22____whatheorshehaslearnedovertime.Let’sbehonest:DoyoustillrememberalltheEnglishwordsandexpressionsyoulearnedlastyear?Successfullanguagelearnersgoovertheoldmaterialregularly.Regularrevisionturnsyourshort-termmemoryintolong-termmemory.AreyouhavingahardtimeimprovingyourEnglish?Thenyoumaytryto____23____thesethreehabits.Don’tworryifittakestime.Masteringasecondlanguageisalongprocess—itshouldtaketime!2023奉賢一模A.asusualB.discussionC.strengthD.nolongerE.confidenceOnemorning,Gracediscoveredthatherclassroomhadchanged.Shefoundthatthedeskswere___16___inrows,butpushedtogethertoformeightbiggerdesks.Shewassoexcitedaboutitforthefirsttwodaysthatshecouldn’tconcentrateon（集中精力）thelesson___17___.Butsoonsheandherclassmatesgotusedtothisnewclassroomarrangement.“Nowourclassisquieter,”saidGrace.“What’smore,wecancomeupwithourownideasandlearnmorethrough___18___.It’sabetterwaytostudy.”Peterlikedit,too.Hesaid,“Groupmembersfirstdiscuss,andthenshowourselvesinfrontofthewholeclass.Itgivesusmore___19___inourselves.”A.difficultB.provideC.effectivelyD.interestsE.abilitiesItwaspartofareform（改革）atschool.Theschoolmadethisreformbecausetheywantedto___20___studentswitheasierwaystostudyandmorechancestodiscuss.“Ourschoolhopesitcanimprovestudents’___21___tostudybythemselvesandworkingroups,”saidSabrina,anEnglishteacher.However,thereformhasdemandedmorefromteacher.Nowtheyhaveonly30minutestogivethelessonwhichusedtobetaughtin45minutes.Itis___22___toteachinsuchashorttime.Theteachershavetofindbetterwaystoteach___23___.“Thereformdemandsmore,butI’msureitishelpful,”addedSabrina.2023嘉定一模A.accidentB.seriouslyC.harmD.actuallyE.cycleForestfireshappeninsummerwhenithasn’trainedforalongtimeandeverythingisverydry.Formanyyears,peoplehavethoughtoffiresasdisastersthat____16____theforest.Thescienceoffireecology（生態(tài)學(xué)）studiestheconnectionbetweenfire,plants,andanimalsinforestfires.Scientistssaythatthefireisalsoanimportantpartofthelife____17____ofaforest.Witheveryfire,theforestisbornagain.Forestfiresoftenstartwhenlightningstrikesatree,butpeoplecanalsocauseforestfires.Sometimestheydon’tknowwhattheydid,andithappensby___18___.Butothertimesit’sdoneonpurpose.Onceafirestarts,it___19___burnsawaythedryleavesandbranches.Thefirealsogetsridofovergrownplants,fallenleaves,andbacteriainthesoilthatcausediseases.Plantsontheforestfloorreceivemorespaceandsunlighttogrow,sotheycangrowandmakeseedsquickly.A.surviveB.nativeC.expectD.wondersE.escapeWhenafirestartsinaforest,everycreature（動(dòng)物）triesto___20___.Birdsflyawayandmammalsusuallyrunaway.Smallcreatures（suchasfrogs,mice,andinsects）hideundergroundorunderrocks.Someoftheweakeranimalsdie,butmany____21____.Theanimalsthatdon’tdieinthefirearethestrongest.Afterafire,someanimalsthatmaynotbe___22___totheforestcometofeedonthebodiesofdeadanimals.Therearelotsofthingsforanimalstoeatinaburnedforest.Animalssoongobacktotheirhomesintheforestandplantsstartgrowingagain.Now,accordingtofireecologystudies,it’spossibleforpeopletoseeforestfiresasnatural___23___.Hundredsofspeciesofplantsandanimalslivetogetherinforests.2023閔行一模A.schedulesB.explainsC.noisyD.excuseE.completelyThespringandsummermonthscanmakesleepfeelimpossible,witheverythingfromswelteringtemperaturesand____16____late-nightbarbecuestoloudbirdsongandearlysunrisestofightwith.“It’s____17____ordinarytohavetheunusualbadnight;”saysDrAllieHare,sleepconsultant（睡眠顧問）attheRoyalBromptonhospitalinLondon.“Assoonasyoutrytosleep,youwon’tsleep.”Insummer,our____18____canchange.“Aregularbedtimeandgetting-uptimeis,ofallthethingsIrecommendforgoodsleep,possiblythemostimportant,”____19____Hare.“Thebraindoesn’tlikegettingtoohot,”saysJimHome,aprofessorofpsychophysiology（精神生理學(xué)）atLoughboroughUniversity.Youcouldopenawindow,butthatrisklettingnoiseandlightin.A.pleasantB.assoonasC.raiseD.adviceE.aslongasHomerecommendsafan,whichcomeswiththewhitenoise—somethingthatmanypeoplefindcomforting.“Itdoesn’tmatterifyourbodygetstoohotinyoursleep,____20____yourbrainkeepscool.”Duringthesummer,youmaytrytofityourruninduringtheeveningwhenthetemperaturehascooledalittle,butthiscouldmakeithardertosleep.Physicalexercisewill____21____thebodytemperature,andtheexcitementandmotivationoftryingtosmashyourpersonalbestswon’thelp.Saveitforthemorning;intheeveningHornerecommends“a____22____walk,innottoobrightlight’’.Thoughhealsoaddsthat—likemostofthis____23____—thisisforthoseweaktosleep.“Ifyou’reagoodsleeper,dowhateveryoulike.”2023浦東一模A.offeredB.slowlyC.politelyD.parkedE.awardedYesterdaymyparentswereheadingoffonalittleholidayandItookthemtothetrainstation.Themomentwe____16____there,therainwaspouringdown.Igottheirluggageout,helpedthemgettotheelevatorandsentthemontheirway.AsIwaswalkingbacktothestoppingplace,Isawanelderlymanwalking____17____towardsthebusstation.Obviouslyhehadnoumbrella.Iwalkedoverandaskedhim____18____wherehewasgoing.ItturnedoutthathewasheadingtothesametownasIwas,justa15-minutedrive.I____19____himaliftwhichheaccepteddelightedly.

A.failedB.responsibilityC.publicD.thankedE.forecastWehadachatonthewayandIlearnedpartofhis____20____.Hewas87andheadingtothenursinghomehehadjustputhisbelovedwifeinlastweek.Hehadhisdrivinglicensetakenawaylastyearsohehadtotake____21____transporteveryday.Atearfelldownhischeekashetoldmeabouthiswife.Itriedtoholdbackmyowntearsbut____22____.AsIdroppedhimoffattheentranceofthenursinghome,IgavehimthebunchofflowersIhadinthecar.

Tearsrolleddownhischeeksandhe____23____megratefully.Atthatmoment,IfeltthatallthestarsshoneforsomereasonandIwasmeanttomeethimandhelphiminsomewaytoday.2023徐匯一模A.tightlyB.forceC.poorD.coversE.goodDogownersoftenbelievethatalldogscanswim,butinfactsomedogsmaynotbeabletoswimatall.Thosewithheavybodies,shortlegsorshortnosesareoften___32___swimmers.Inorderforthemtokeeptheirnoseandmouthabovewater,theymustputtheirheadupwards,whichpointstheirbackenddownwards;makingthemalmostvertical（垂直的）inthewater.Mostdogsneedtobetaughthowtoswim.Todothis,getinthewaterwiththemandsupportthemunderthestomachuntiltheygettheskillofusingallfourlegstodrivethemselves.Don’t___33___yourdogiftheyarenotcomfortable,andalwaysstartinashallowarea.Manydogswilllearntoswimbyfollowingotherdogsintothewater.Ifyouhaveaswimmingpool,besureitis___34___fencednotonlyforpeople,butalsofordogs.Dogscansqueezethroughpoolfencingandendupstuckinthepooluntiltheybecometiredanddrown.Makesurethatpool___35___aresafeasdogscangettrappedunderneaththem.Alwayswatchyourpetataswimmingpool,justasyouwouldwithchildren.A.appearanceB.localC.lovedD.affordE.creationPizzaispopularworldwide.Theoven-bakedflatbreadtoppedwithtomatosauce,cheeseandavarietyoftoppings,isoneoftheworld’smost___36___foods.AccordingtoScottfromNewYork,“It’sportable,inexpensive,andittastesgreat!”AlthoughmanybelievepizzafirstappearedinItalyafewhundredyearsago,aformofpizzacanbetracedbacktoancienttimes,eatenbypeopleonthemoveorthosewhocouldn’t___37___aplate.AroyalvisittoNaples,Italyin1889changedthefortunesofpizzaforever.TiredoftherichFrenchdishesateverymeal,theKingandtheQueenaskedforsome___38___foodinstead.Withtheinventionoffridgesandfreezers,theneedforconvenientfoodsgrew.Thepopularityofpizzasstartedwiththe___39___ofhomedelivery.Today’spizzasaredifferentfromthoseservedtotheKingandtheQueenlonglongbefore.Pizzaswehavetodayarenotthehuge,heavilytoppedpies.2023長寧一模A.foughtB.FortunatelyC.unhappyD.AsaresultE.didtheirbestNickwasbornwithoutarmsorlegs.Atfirsthisparentswereshockedbuttheywantedtheirsontohaveanormallife.Nicksaid,“Itwassohardforthembutrightfromthestartthey___16___tomakemeindependent.”Withhisparents’help,Nicklearnttobrushhisteeth,answerthephone,useacomputerandplaythedrums.Learningnewthingswasdifficultandittookalongtime.___17___,hismumwaspatientanddidnotgetangrywithherson.Nick’smother___18___hardforNicktogotoaschoolforordinarykids.SheinventedsomethingsoNickcouldholdapenandpencil.Nickwasintelligentandenjoyedlearningbutsomechildrenwereunkind.TheytreatedhimbadlysoNickwas___19___atschool.Onceheevendecidedtodrownhimselfinthebath.Atthelastminute,hethoughtabouthisparentsanddecidedtolive.A.thankfulB.programmesC.disabledD.lessonsE.speechesNick’slifechangedwhenhismumshowedhimanewspaperstoryabouta___20___man.Thismandidgreatthingsandhelpedpeople.Nickrealizedthathewasnottheonlypersonwithproblems.“Idecidedtobe___21___forwhatIhave,”hesaid.TodayNickhasawonderfullife.Heismarriedandhasason.Heenjoysfootball,golfandswimming.Nicktravelsaroundtheworldgivingtalkstohelppeople.Hegiveshumorous___22___andmakespeoplelaugh.Thesetalksalsohaveaseriousmessage.“Itellpeopletoalwayslovethemselves,”saidNick.Thisisoneofthemany___23___helearntfromhismother.2023金山一模A.canteensB.alongC.outsideD.developmentE.services Thenighttimeeconomy（夜市經(jīng)濟(jì)） China’snighttimeeconomyhasmadepeopleenjoytheirnighthours___16___thehome.Itisoftenincitiesbetween6p.m.and6a.m.. Positive（積極的）measuresaregoodforthe___17___ofnighttimeeconomy. Shanghaihasaddedmoreparkingplaces,taxiwaitingareasandlate-nightbus___18___. Beijingextended（延長）therunningtimeofitssubwayLine1andLine2onFridaysandSaturdays,requiringthelasttraintodepartafter12p.m..Late-night___19___willbedevelopedandthe24-hourstoresandthemovietheaterswillbeextendedtopushthenighttimeeconomy.A.distancesB.withoutC.safetyD.excusesE.appearance Thecashlesstimes（無現(xiàn)金時(shí)代） Spendingaday___20___cashorbankcardsisperfectlyunbelievableinChina. Withthe___21___oftheQRcode,onlineorofflinepaymentsareconnecteddeeply. MobilepaymentplatformsWeChatPayandAlipayhavedevelopedthecashlesssocietyinChina. Peopleusemobilepayment,whethertopayutility（水電費(fèi)）bills,travelshortorlong___22___,makeappointmentsathospitalorgoshopping. Weenjoytheconvenienceofacashlesssociety,butweshouldcareaboutthe___23___andprivacyofpayment.2023青浦一模A.actualB.clearC.intelligenceD.luckE.surpriseHaveyoueverdoubtedyourabilitiesorbelievedthatyoudon’tdeserveyoursuccess?Thenyoumayhaveimpostorsyndrome（冒充者綜合征）.Researchershaverecentlyfoundthatthissyndromecanhappentopeopleofanyage,genderor____16____.Whatisimpostorsyndrome?Althoughit’softencalleda“syndrome”,impostorsyndromeisnota（n）____17____disease—it’sawayofnegativethinking.Peoplewhohaveexperiencedimpostorsyndromemighthavethoughtslike“I’mafailure”or“Ihavetoworkharderthaneveryoneelse”.Theymightalsofeelthatanyoftheirsuccessisbecauseof____1