北京市通州區(qū)2023-2024學(xué)年高二上學(xué)期期末考試英語試題

通州區(qū)2023—2024學(xué)年第一學(xué)期高二年級期末質(zhì)量檢測英語試卷2024年1月本試卷共10頁，共100分?？荚嚂r長90分鐘。考生務(wù)必將答案答在答題卡上，在試卷上作答無效。考試結(jié)束后，請將答題卡交回。第一部分：知識運用（共兩節(jié)，30分）第一節(jié)完形填空（共10小題；每小題1.5分，共15分）閱讀下面短文，掌握其大意，從每題所給的A、B、C、D四個選項中，選出最佳選項，并在答題卡上將該項涂黑。Afewweeksago,Ireceivedapackagecontainingseedsfrommyfriend.WhenIaskedherwhattheywould1into,asmilecrossedherface“Justplantthemandbepatient.You’llseeforyourself2!”shesaid.Isowedtheseedsinaflowerpot.Inthefirstfewdays,Iwasveryexcitedtosearchfortheslightestsigns,but3happened.Withheavyloadsofhomework,Ibegantofeelsadand4HowmuchIlongedforthecolorinmyfastpacedlifeIwateredtheplantsindryperiods.Ontheeighthday,tomygreat5,afewlightgreensprouts（新芽）appeared.Bendingdownandstudyingtheplants,IcouldalmosthearthemgrowingMoredayspassed,andtheflowerpotsoonbecame6withcoriander（香菜）plants.Nowtheyaretallerthantheedgeofthepot,constantlyshakingtheirleavesinthegentlewind,asiftheyweremerrilysingingasongof7.Iamcertainthatafterafewmoredays,myplantswillbereadyfor8Theseplantshaveplayedanimportantpartin9myeverydaylifeTheymaynotbeamaindishonourtable,butusingsomewillsurelymakeourdishesdelicious.Letusallslowourpacedownandbepatient.Solongaswetakestepstosetourheartsfree,timeandpatiencewill10uswiththepurepleasureofbeingaliveinthislovelyworld1.A.growB.runC.lookD.break2.A.immediatelyB.finallyC.occasionallyD.regularly3.A.anythingB.everythingC.somethingD.nothing4.A.shockedB.disappointedC.embarrassedD.scared5.A.surpriseB.pityC.shameD.anxiety6.A.coveredB.linedC.crowdedD.piled7.A.courageB.freedomC.interestD.relief8.A.harvestB.lossC.sightsD.rest9.A.pickingoutB.endingwithC.brighteningupD.takingdown10.A.impressB.assistC.surroundD.reward第二節(jié)語法填空（共10小題；每小題1.5分.共15分）閱讀下列短文，根據(jù)短文內(nèi)容填空。在未給提示詞的空白處僅填寫1個適當(dāng)?shù)膯卧~，在給出提示詞的空白處用括號內(nèi)所給詞的正確形式填空。AHarryisanAmericanbusinessmanHisjob11（require）himtodoalotoftravelingInthepastsixmonthshehasmadeninetrips,12purposeistoattendmeetingsandmakepresentations.Harrylovestotravelandfeelseachcountryhasacharmofitsown.Aftergraduation,Harrydecidedtomaketravelpartofhiscareer.Hewantedtoexperiencedifferentculturesofother13（country）.HewasdreamingofworkingforaninternationalcompanyThenhisdreamcametrue.BDrivingtoPalmSpringstwoyearsago,Imetasnowstorm.Acarsuddenlychangedthedirection14（avoid）hittingmineanddrifted（漂移）towardsthesideofthecliffMeanwhile,somedrivers15（sit）indifferentcarsrushedoutThey16（take）offthechainsthathadprotectedtheirowntyresandputthemonthatcar'styres17（rapid）Justasthecarwasabouttobelostoffthecliff,thosedriverssteppedup,lettingtheirkindheartsgobeyondthesnowstorm.CNewresearchintoEQandIQsuggeststhatsuccessisnotsimplytheresultofahighIQ.WhileyourIQtellsyou18intelligentyouare,yourEQtellsyouhowwellyouuseyourintelligence.AccordingtoProfessorSalovey,atwork,itisIQthatgetsyouhiredbutitisEQthatgetsyoupromoted.Itisgenerallybelieved19peoplewithhighEQareopentonewideasandhavepositiveattitudestowardslife.Theyarealsolesslikelytobetroubledbyproblems.AlsomostsocialscientistsagreethatEQhasalottodo20education—improvingaperson'sEQ,especiallyintermsof“peopleskills”.第二部分：閱讀理解（共兩節(jié)，38分）第一節(jié)（共14小題；每小題2分，共28分）閱讀下列短文，從每題所給的A、B、C、D四個選項中，選出最佳選項，并在答題卡上將該項涂黑。A2023Illustration（插畫）CompetitionWelcometoenterfortheCommunicationArtsIllustrationCompetition,mostrespectedandadmiredintheindustryforcreativityinillustration.EachwinnerwillreceiveaprofessionalizedAwardofExcellence,atrophy（獎杯）andacertificate.Thisawardisoneofthemostdesiredawards.Ifchosen,winningwillplaceyouinthehighestpositionofyourindustry.WhatToEnterWithAnyillustrationfirstpublishedorproducedfromJan.2023toJan.2024isqualified.Entriesmayoriginatefromanycountry.DescriptionsinEnglisharenecessaryforthejudgestoread.EntriesCanBeSubmitted（提交）InTheFollowingFormatsDigitalImages:RGBimagesinJPGformatwithamaximumfilesizeof2MB.GIFimagesmaybelivelier,butwouldbeturneddown,andsowouldthePNGones.DlustrationCompetitionCategories&EntryFeesCategorySingleillustrationSeriesofillustrationBooks（covers,jackets,etc.）$40$80（limitof5）Motions（mediaforfilms,videos,etc）$90$180（limitof3）StudentWork$20（Image）$45（Video）$40（limitof5）$90（limitof3）Formorecategories,pleasedownloadthecategoryPDF.LateFeesEntriesmustberegisterednolaterthanJan.13,2024.Entriesregisteredafterthatdatewillbechargedafeeof$10each.NoentriescanberegisteredafterJan.27,2024.21.Whatwillthewinnerget?A.Atailor-madeawardcertificate.B.Achanceforoverseasstudy.C.Widelyacceptedintheindustry.D.PrizemoneyfromCommunicationArts.22.Whichofthefollowingisqualifiedforthecompetition?A.AnimagewithIMBJPGformat.B.Amotionpublishedwithin2years.C.Aseriesforjacketsof10illustrations.D.AstudentworkwithoutEnglishintroduction.23.HowmuchshouldbechargedforaseriesoffourcoverillustrationssubmittedonJan.25,2024?A.$80.B.$120.C.$110.D.$90.BIhadonlyswuminopenwaterafewtimes,andalwaysingentlelakes,soIwasn'tpreparedforhowroughLakeWindermereappearedonacoldday.Aswimmertoldmethewaterfeltcolderthanithadbeenmeasured,andthatthewaterwasabitrough.ButI,alongwith10,000others,wasabouttocompletethechallenge.Mostofthepeopletakingpartweredoingaone-milerace,and10raceswereplannedovertheweekend.Thereseemedtobeamixofopen-waterenthusiastsalongsidecompletebeginners,whichispreciselytheaimoftheswims,togetasmanypeopleaspossiblecompletingtheirownchallenge.Theoldestwomancompetingwas77,takingpartinthetwo-milerace,alongsideamanwhohadswumineveryonemileracelastyear.Ihadchosenthethirdone-mileraceoftheday.Therewereover600peopleinmyrace.Weweretakenthroughapreparationarea,achildren'spaddlingpool-sizedpartofthelakewherewemovedintofeelhowcoldthewaterwas.“Nottoobad”waseveryone'sthought!Thenweheadedouttowardsthemiddleofthelake.We'dbeenwarnedthatthefirst100meterswouldbereallyrough.However,somewherenearthe750mmarkIwasstillwaitingforthecalm;itfeltmorelikeswimmingintheseathanalake.Itriedtofocusonmybreathingandtechnique,andjustkeepgoing.AsIapproachedthe400m-to-gomarkmylowerrightlegbecamepainful.Irecalledoverhearingpeopletalkingabouthowtheykeptswimmingthroughthepain,soItried.Butitdidn'twork.Ibegantofeeltheentirelegtightandpainful.Ididn'twanttostop,soIbentmyrightkneeandjustkickedwiththeleftleg.Finally,Isawthefinishingpost,andIjustconcentratedongettingthere-stillone-legged.Myfinishingtimewas38minutes25secondsbutthatdidn’tmatter——theatmospherewasfantasticandeveryonefeltasenseofachievement,whatevertheirtime.I'mattractedandwanttogiveitanothergo.I'vealreadysignedupformynextopen-waterswim.24.Howdidtheauthorfeelbeforetherace?A.Scaredofthemostchallengingrace.B.Disappointedbythedifficultconditions.C.Concernedabouttheotherswimmersintherace.D.Determinedtobeastoughasthepeoplearoundher.25.WhydoestheauthormentionthetwopeopleinParagraph2?A.Tostresstheimportanceoftherace.B.Topraisetheexperiencedswimmers.C.Toshowthewiderangeoftheparticipants.D.Tointroducethevariouseventsoftherace.26.Duringtherace,theauthorrealizedthat____________.A.theracewouldcausebreathingproblemsB.theracebecameharderthanshehadexpectedC.itwasreallynecessarytopreparefortoughswimsD.itwouldhavebeeneasierifshehadtakenothers’advice27.Whatdoestheauthortalkaboutinthelastparagraph?A.Herconfidenceinherownability.B.Herprideinhavingswumsoquickly.C.Hereagernesstorepeattheexperience.D.Hersurpriseathavingmanagedtofinish.CHaveyoueverwonderedwhathappenstoalloftheoldobjectslaunchedintospace,suchasrocketsandsatellites?It'scalledspacejunk,andmuchofitisstillouttherenow.AccordingtoNASA,thedefinitionofspacejunkis“anyman-madeobjectinorbit（軌道）aroundEarththatnolongerservesausefulfunction”.Onelargepieceofspacejunk,anabandonedrocket,hitthedarksideofthemoononMarch4.Therocket'soriginisnotclear,butscientistsknowthatitwasmassive—weighingabout3tons.Itmusthaveleftalargecrater（坑）,estimated10to20meterswide,onthemoon'ssurface.Itwon'tbevisiblerightaway,butscientistsaretryingtolocateit.“Wewillfindthecrater.eventually,”MarkRobinson,leadinvestigatorforNASALunarReconnaissanceOrbiterCamera,toldUSATODAY.“Dependingonitslocation,itcouldtakeaslongas28days.”What'ssignificantaboutthisspacejunkcrashisthatitdrawsattentiontosomeofthepotentialdangersofspacejunk.First,theaccumulationofspacejunkinEarth'sorbitmeansthatsatellitesandtheInternationalSpaceStation（ISS）areatrisk.In2016,tinyspacedebris（殘骸）,smallerthanamillimeter,causedatinychipintheISS’window.Imaginethedamagethatalargerpieceofdebriscouldcause.TheEuropeanSpaceAgencywebsitestatesthatobjects“upto1cminsizecoulddisableaninstrumentoracriticalflightsystemonasatellite”whileobjectsover10cm“couldshatterasatelliteorspacecraftintopieces”.Ifthissoundsterrifying,that'sbecauseitis.Anycollision（碰撞）withlargerpiecesofdebriscouldbeespeciallydangerousformannedspacecraft.Inadditiontopotentialdamagetospacecraftandsatellites,spacejunkalsoposesathreattotheEarthitselfCrashescansenddebrisintotheatmospherewhereitcanremainformanydecades.Somepowerfulcollisionscanevensendlargedebrishurtling（猛沖）towardEarth'ssurfacewhereitcanaffectthelocalenvironment.Leftoverrocketdebriscancontaintoxicmaterialsthatareharmfultoplantandanimallife.SomepeopleinSiberiahaveevenreportedserioushealthproblemsafterrocketdebrislandedintheirregionsin2012,alocaldoctortoldtheBBC.28.Whichofthefollowingcanberegardedasspacejunk?A.Adisusedspacestation.B.Aspacecraftorbitingthemoon.C.Acrateronthemoon'ssurface.D.AsatelliteworkinginlowEarthorbit.29.Whatdoestheunderlinedword“it”refertoinParagraph2?A.Locatingthecrater.B.Trackingtherocket.C.Cleaningupthespacejunk.D.Findingouttherocket'sorigin.30.Whatcanbeinferredaboutspacejunkfromthelastparagraph?A.It'slikelytocauseaglobalenvironmentalcrisis.B.It'simpossibletostopitfromenteringtheatmosphere.C.Itcancausealastingthreatifitremainsintheatmosphere.D.Thetoxicmaterialscontainedinspacejunkarethebiggestrisk.DTolearntothinkistolearntoquestion.Thosewhodon'tquestionnevertrulythinkforthemselves.Thesearesimplerulesthathavegovernedtheadvancementofscienceandhumanthought.Advancementsaremadewhenthinkersquestiontheoriesandintroducenewones.Unfortunately,itisoftenthegreatandrespectedthinkerswhoendupslowingtheprogressofhumanthought.Aristotlewasabrilliantphilosopherwhosetheoriesexplainedmuchofthenaturalworld,oftenincorrectly.Hewassorespectedbythescientificcommunitythateven1,200yearsafterhisdeath,scientistswerestilltryingtobuilduponhismistakesratherthancorrectthem.Brilliantmindscanintimidateupandcomingthinkerswhoarenotconfidentoftheirabilities.TheyoftenbelievetheyarenotasgoodasthemindsofgiantssuchasAristotle.leadingmanytoacceptcurrentideasinsteadofquestioningthem.Ilikemanythinkersofthepast,oncebelievedinmymentalweakness.Ididn'tquestionwhatwaswrittenonthosepages.Irespectedthem,andacceptedwhatevertheytoldme.Butthatattitudesoonchanged.Mymind'sindependencewasfirstdevelopedintheclassroom.A65-year-oldscienceteacheroncetoldmethatlightisatypeofwave.Iconfidentlybelievedthatlightisawave.Oneday,however,IheardtheGermanexchangestudentmentionedthatlightcouldbemadeupofparticles（粒子）.Astheotherslaughedathisstatement（陳述）,Istartedtoquestionmybeliefs.Maybetheteachersandtextbookshadn'tgivenmethewholestory.Iwenttothelibrary,didsomeresearchandlearnedofthelight-as-a-wavevslight-as-a-particledebate.IrealizedIhadgonethroughlifeacceptingonlyhalfofthestoryasthewholetruth.Eachnewyearbroughtmorenewfacts,andIhadevenmorequestions.Ifoundmyselfinthelibraryafterschool,tryingtofindmyownanswerstogainamorecompleteunderstandingofwhatIthoughtIalreadyknew.Eventextbookscanbechallenged.Ilearnedtoquestionmysources,Ilearnedtobeathinker.Questionsaresaidtobethepathtotruth,andIplantocontinuequestioning.Howmanythingsdoweknowforsuretodaythatwewillquestioninthefuture?Iknownothingcanescapethegravityofablackhole.Thisknowledgemaychangeinthenext20years.Theonethingwecancontrolnowisouropennesstodiscovery.Questionsarethetoolsofopenminds,andopenmindsarethekeytointellectualadvancement.31.Inthefirstparagraph,Aristotleistakenasanexampletoshowthat__________.A.heisthegreatestandrespectedphilosopherofalltimeB.advancementsaremadewhenthinkersquestiontheoriesC.greatthinkersoftenmakemistakesandthencorrectthemD.hugeinfluenceofgreatthinkersmayblockhumanthought32.Whatdoestheunderlinedword“intimidate”inParagraph2mean?A.Frighten.B.Encourage.C.Strengthen.D.Disappoint.33.Wecanconcludefromthelastparagraphthat__________.A.theauthorisnotquitesureabouthisfutureB.wehumanbeingsdon'tdaretopredictfutureC.thetheoryofblackholeswillbetrueforeverD.questioningisnecessarytopromoteadvancement34.Accordingtothepassage,theauthor__________.A.determinestobeathinkerandquestionerB.alwaysthrowshimselfintothelaboratoryC.looksdownupongreatthinkersallthetimeD.neverdoubtswhathehaslearnedinthetextbook第二節(jié)（共5小題；每小題2分，共10分）根據(jù)短文內(nèi)容，從短文后的七個選項中選出能填入空白處的最佳選項。選項中有兩項為多余選項。Einstein'sOpinionsonCreativeThinking“Thegreatestscientistsareartistsaswell,”saidAlbertEinstein,oneofthegreatestphysicistsandanamateurpianistandviolinist.ForEinstein,insightdidnotcomefromlogicormathematics35“Allgreatachievementsofsciencemuststartfromintuitive（直覺的）knowledge.Imaginationismoreimportantthanknowledge.”36Surprisingly,itwasn'tthecontentofanidea,oritssubject,thatdeterminedwhethersomethingwasartorscience,buthowtheideawasexpressed.Ifwhatisseenandexperiencedisdescribedinthelanguageoflogic,thenitisscience.Ifitiscommunicatedandrecognizedintuitively,thenitisart37That'swhyhesaidthatgreatscientistswerealsoartists.38“IfIwerenotaphysicist,”heoncesaid,“Iwouldprobablybeamusician.IoftenthinkinmusicandIseemylifeintermsofmusic.Igetmostjoyinlifeoutofmusic.”MusicprovidedEinsteinwithaconnectionbetweentimeandspace,whichbothcombinespatial（空間的）andstructuralaspects.“Thetheoryofrelativityoccurredtomebyintuitionandmusicisthedrivingforcebehindthisintuition,”saidEinstein.“MyparentshadmestudytheviolinfromthetimeIwassix39”A.ButhowdidartdifferfromscienceforEinstein?B.Mynewdiscoveryistheresultofmusicalinsight.C.Instead,itcamefromintuitionandinspiration.D.Thereisnodoubtthatmytheorywasagreatbreakthroughthen.E.Einsteinhimselfworkedintuitivelyandexpressedhimselflogically.F.Einsteinalsoowedhisscientificinsightandintuitionmainlytomusic.G.ForEinstein,itwasthehumanitiesthatmainlycontributedtohisachievements.第三部分：書面表達(dá)（共兩節(jié)，32分）第一節(jié)（共4小題；第40、41題各2分，第42題3分，第43題5分，共12分）閱讀下面的短文和問題，根據(jù)短文內(nèi)容，在相應(yīng)題號后的橫線上寫下相關(guān)信息，完成對該問題的回答。答語要結(jié)構(gòu)正確，書寫工整，字跡清楚。Studyingabroadhasbecomeanextremelypopularstudyoptionamongstuniversitystudents.Whilestudyingabroadisextremelyexpensive,itexposesstudentstoawiderangeofpeople,culturesandexperiencesthatwillrewardthemlateronintheircareers.Inmyopinion,studentsarefarbetteroffstudyingabroadeventhoughitmightbeabitcostly.Oneofthegreatestadvantagesofstudyinginaforeigncountryisthatitexposesstudentstoessentiallifeexperiencesthatwilldevelopthemprofessionally,impossibleiftheyhavestudiedonlyintheirowncountry.Beinginanothercountryforcespeopletopopandcomeoutoftheirbubbleofcomfort,openingthemtoawiderangeo