Unit1-高一英語單元速記巧練（人教版2019）（原卷版）

Unit1話題節(jié)日活動詞匯Congratulaterangefigurefeaturetypicalreflectfaithoccasionrepresentfancymomentrespectdecoratesignificantmarchoriginharvestgatherfadeevilbeliefmerryroastfrankregionrepresentfancybriefrespect短語dressupafteralltakeadvantageofrangefromtofadeawayinspiteofhaveinmontobefrankgooffexceptforsetofffromnearandfarbemovedbypreparefor句型asif引導(dǎo)含虛擬語氣的方式狀語從句“nomatter+特殊疑問詞”引導(dǎo)讓步狀語從句現(xiàn)在分詞作前置定語because引導(dǎo)表語從句語法動詞ing形式用作定語和表語寫作anarrativeessayaboutafestivalorcelebrationexperience圍繞節(jié)日的記敘文Unit1FestivalsandCelebrations考點(diǎn)1．dress(sb)up穿上盛裝；裝扮拓展經(jīng)典練單句語法填空①(劍橋高階)Hewasdressed________adarkgreysuit.②(柯林斯詞典)Ijustlovethefunofdressing________inanotherera'sclothing.能力提升單句表達(dá)③(牛津高階)他不知道如何穿著得體。Hehasnoideaof______________________．④(柯林斯詞典)他竭力籌備好各項(xiàng)事宜，以便這次出行看上去像聯(lián)合國代表團(tuán)出訪一樣。Hetriedtoorganizethingssothatthetripswould____________________aUNmission.考點(diǎn)2．congratulatevt.向(某人)道賀；(因某事)為自己感到自豪拓展經(jīng)典練單句語法填空①(牛津高階)Youcancongratulate________(you)onhavingdoneanexcellentjob.②(牛津高階)Icongratulatedthemall________theirresults.③(柯林斯詞典)Isaid________(congratulate)andwalkedovertohimandshookhishand.能力提升單句表達(dá)④(柯林斯詞典)俱樂部還就布朗被任命為會長一事向她表示了祝賀。Theclubalso__________________________toD.Brownonherappointmentaspresident.考點(diǎn)3．a(chǎn)fterall畢竟；別忘了拓展經(jīng)典練單句語法填空①(牛津高階)All________allithadbeenagreatsuccess.②(牛津高階)First________allwemustidentifytheproblemareas.能力提升單句表達(dá)③(柯林斯詞典)他畢竟不能阻止世上所有的惡行。Hecouldnot,____________，stopalltheevilintheworld.④(牛津高階)她突然意識到她從開始就錯了。Itsuddenlycametoherthatshehadbeenwrong____________.考點(diǎn)4．rangen.一系列；范圍、界限vi.包括；(在一定范圍內(nèi))變化拓展經(jīng)典練單句語法填空①(牛津高階)Therewillbeanincreasein________rangeof0to3percent.②(中國日報(bào))WangYuanyuan,thescenicarea'sbrandmanager,saidtheagesofitsvisitorsrange________20to45,andmostofthemareparentswithchildren.③(牛津高階)Thiscaris________therangeofmostpeople'spockets;wecan'tafforditeither.能力提升單句表達(dá)④(柯林斯詞典)那些薄薄的小冊子描述了一系列服務(wù)和設(shè)施。Theslimbookletsdescribe________________servicesandfacilities.⑤(劍橋高階)價(jià)格在50美元到250美元之間。Prices____________$50and$250.考點(diǎn)5．figuren.人物；數(shù)字；身材vt.認(rèn)為；認(rèn)定拓展經(jīng)典練寫出下列句中figure的含義①(牛津高階)By2004,thisfigurehadrisento14million.________②(柯林斯詞典)ErniesawthedimfigureofRoseinthechair.________③(牛津高階)Ifigured(that)ifItookthenighttrain,IcouldbeinScotlandbymorning.________④IwonderhowMaryhaskeptherfigureafteralltheseyears.________能力提升單句表達(dá)⑤(柯林斯詞典)他們用了大約一個(gè)月的時(shí)間才弄明白如何啟動這臺設(shè)備。Ittookthemaboutonemonthto____________________________．考點(diǎn)6．featurevt.以……為特色n.特色；特征；特點(diǎn)拓展經(jīng)典練單句語法填空①(中國日報(bào))“TheyallconstitutethediversityofarchitectureinHunan;the________(feature)differfromotherprovinces，”Tansays.②(朗文當(dāng)代)ThefilmfeaturedMadonBrando________theGodfather.能力提升單句表達(dá)③(朗文當(dāng)代)語言學(xué)習(xí)在英語文學(xué)課程中應(yīng)當(dāng)很重要。Astudyoflanguageshould____________anEnglishliteraturecourse.考點(diǎn)7．typicaladj.典型的；有代表性的；平常的拓展經(jīng)典練單句語法填空①(柯林斯詞典)Theroomis________(typical)simpleandunadorned,withwhitewallsandatiledfloor.②(牛津高階)Thispatternofwoodsandfieldsistypical________theEnglishlandscape.能力提升單句表達(dá)③(劍橋高階)伊恩的典型做法就是把那么多錢花在設(shè)備上，然后在課程中途失去了興趣。____________________________allthatmoneyontheequipmentandthenloseinteresthalfwaythroughthecourse.考點(diǎn)8．takeadvantageof利用；欺騙；占……的便宜拓展經(jīng)典練單句語法填空①(牛津高階)HerFrenchupbringinggiveshercertainadvantages________otherstudentsinherclass.②(劍橋高階)Itwouldbe________youradvantagetoagreetohisdemands.能力提升單句表達(dá)③(柯林斯詞典)我打算充分利用這次旅行來購買我們需要的物品。Iintendto____________________thistriptobuythethingsweneed.考點(diǎn)9．Festivalsarebeingmoreandmoremercial,withbusinessestakingadvantageofthecelebrations．隨著商業(yè)對這些慶?；顒拥睦?，節(jié)日變得越來越商業(yè)化。[剖析]句中的with復(fù)合結(jié)構(gòu)(with＋名詞＋現(xiàn)在分詞)作狀語。with復(fù)合結(jié)構(gòu)可在句中表示狀態(tài)或背景，常作伴隨、方式、原因、條件等狀語。經(jīng)典練單句語法填空①(牛津高階)Withthehomework________(finish),theboywentouttoplay.②(牛津高階)Don'tstand________yourhandsinyourpockets.③(2022·全國乙卷)Thatcanbedangerousworkthatcouldbeavoidedwithdrones________(assist)thecrews'efforts.能力提升單句表達(dá)④(劍橋高階)隨著考試的臨近，復(fù)習(xí)一下你的課堂筆記是個(gè)不錯的主意。________________，it'sagoodideatoreviewyourclassnotes.⑤(牛津高階)天氣若不很冷，我總開著窗戶睡覺。Isleep______________________unlessit'sreallycold.考點(diǎn)10．reflectvt.顯示；反映；反射拓展經(jīng)典練單句語法填空①(朗文當(dāng)代)Hisspeechwasanaccurate________(reflect)ofthepublicmood.②(劍橋高階)Themanagerdemandedtimetoreflect________whattodo.③(劍橋高階)Hesawhimselfreflected________thewater.能力提升單句表達(dá)④(2021·浙江高考)她非常漂亮，她的房子就是她自己的寫照，一切都很有品位，秩序井然。Shewasextremelypretty,andherhousewas____________________，everythingingoodtasteandinperfectorder.考點(diǎn)11．faithn.宗教信仰；信任；相信拓展經(jīng)典練單句語法填空①(牛津高階)Theeventswere________(faith)recordedinherdiary.②(劍橋高階)His________(faith)olddogacpaniedhimeverywherehewent.③(牛津高階)Ihaven'tmuchfaith________thismedicine.能力提升單句表達(dá)④(劍橋高階)她如實(shí)講述了那晚發(fā)生的事情。She____________________whathadhappenedonthatnight.考點(diǎn)12．occasionn.特別的事情(或儀式、慶典)；(適當(dāng)?shù)?機(jī)會拓展經(jīng)典練單句語法填空①(牛津高階)Itshouldhavebeenanoccasion________rejoicing,butshecouldnotfeelanyrealjoy.②(牛津高階)Icanrememberveryfewoccasions________hehadtocancelbecauseofillhealth.③(中國日報(bào))Thefairisanoccasion________youcanconnectwithmanypeople.能力提升單句表達(dá)④(劍橋高階)他有時(shí)犯點(diǎn)小錯誤。Hehas,____________，madeasmallmistake.⑤(牛津高階)他在退休時(shí)獲贈這塊手表。Hewaspresentedwiththewatch________________hisretirement.考點(diǎn)13．representvt.象征；代表；相當(dāng)于拓展經(jīng)典練單句語法填空①(牛津高階)Theyrepresentedtheirconcerns________theauthorities.②(牛津高階)Thesurveycoversa________(represent)sampleofschools.③(朗文當(dāng)代)Shedecidedtorepresent________(she)duringthetrial.能力提升單句表達(dá)④(劍橋高階)他自稱是個(gè)專家，可是他一竅不通。He____________________________，butheknowsnothing.考點(diǎn)14．fancyadj.花哨的；精致的；昂貴的vt.想要；傾慕；自以為是拓展經(jīng)典練單句語法填空①(牛津高階)Sheratherfanciesherself________asinger.②(劍橋高階)Ididn'tfancy________(swim)inthatwater.能力提升單句表達(dá)③(劍橋高階)我想要一件簡潔的黑色禮服，不要花哨的東西。Iwantedasimpleblackdress,____________．考點(diǎn)15．Aftersingingsomesongs,thepetitorsdancedontothegreenfield,wavingtheirarmsintheairasiftheywereeagles.在唱了幾首歌之后，參賽者們在綠色草地上跳舞，像老鷹一樣在空中揮舞著雙臂。[剖析]主句是thepetitorsdancedontothegreenfield;Aftersingingsomesongs作時(shí)間狀語；waving...eagles是v.-ing形式作伴隨狀語；其中asif引導(dǎo)方式狀語從句。拓展經(jīng)典練單句語法填空①(牛津高階)Ifeltasifmyheart________(stop).②(牛津高階)Itsoundsasthoughyou________(have)agoodtime.③(牛津高階)Atonestageitlookedasthoughthey________(win).能力提升單句表達(dá)④(劍橋高階)我覺得好像已經(jīng)曬了好幾個(gè)小時(shí)的太陽。Ifelt________________________inthesunforhours.考點(diǎn)16．momentn.片刻；瞬間拓展經(jīng)典練單句語法填空①(朗文當(dāng)代)I'llebacktothepoint________amoment.②(牛津高階)We'rehappylivinginaflat________themomentbutwemaywanttomovetoahousesoon.能力提升單句表達(dá)③(牛津高階)也許你沒注意到，可我此刻忙得不可開交。Itmighthaveescapedyournotice,but________________________.④(朗文當(dāng)代)他說他一到家就給你打。Hesaidhe'dphoneyou________________________________．考點(diǎn)17．respectn．&vt.尊敬；尊重拓展經(jīng)典練單句語法填空①(2022·全國甲卷)Thethreedogsformedapackthat,withcoaching,________(respect)Flora'sspace.②(朗文當(dāng)代)Oldpeopledeservetobetreated________respect.③(牛津高階)Shehasahealthyrespect________herrival'stalents.能力提升單句表達(dá)④(中國日報(bào))為全面建成小康社會，2015年，中央加大了全國脫貧攻堅(jiān)力度。Tobuildamoderatelyprosperoussociety____________，thecentralgovernmentsteppedupitsnationwidecampaigntoeliminatepovertyin2015.⑤(劍橋高階)新教師必須要贏得學(xué)生的尊重。Newteachershaveto____________________theirstudents.語法點(diǎn)：Ving做定語和表語非謂語：1.todo(表目的和將來）doing(ving)(表主動和正在進(jìn)行）：現(xiàn)在分詞、動名詞done（ved）(表被動和完成）動詞ing形式由“動詞原形+ing”構(gòu)成。動詞ing形式可在句中作主語，賓語，表語，定語，賓語補(bǔ)足語和狀語，但是不能單獨(dú)作謂語。動詞Ving形式在句中可以作主語、賓語、表語、定語、賓語補(bǔ)足語以及狀語。今天我們主要研討一下其作定語和表語的用法：一、Ving形式作定語1.單個(gè)的動詞Ving形式作定語，通常位于所修飾詞之前。例如：boilingwater，therisingsun，thesurprisingnews，themovingblackboardWhichclassdoestheshoutingboyefrom？那個(gè)大喊大叫的男孩來自哪個(gè)班？2.由動詞Ving形式構(gòu)成的短語作定語，只能位于所修飾詞之后。例如：WhoisthegirlfollowingourEnglishteacheralltheway？一直跟在我們英語老師身后的那個(gè)女孩是誰？Theboyhavingseentheaccidentsaidthatthecarknockedthemanoffhisbike.看見事故的那個(gè)男孩說那輛車把那個(gè)人從自行車上撞落下來?，F(xiàn)在分詞作定語，相當(dāng)于定語從句的省略，上述三句可補(bǔ)全如下：Whichclassdoestheboythatisshoutingefrom？WhoisthegirlthatfollowedourEnglishteacheralltheway？Theboywhohadseentheaccidentsaidthatthecarknockedthemanoffhisbike.3.Ving形式作定語，還可表示所修飾詞語的用途，可換用for表示。例如：asleepingcar=acarforsleeping臥鋪車廂asleepingpill=apillforsleeping安眠藥丸awalkingstick=astickforwalking拐杖aswimmingpool=apoolforswimming游泳池當(dāng)然，Ving形式作定語更多的時(shí)候說明的是所修飾詞的性質(zhì)、特征、所處的狀態(tài)等。例如：asleepingdog=adogthatissleeping正在睡覺的狗awalkingman=amanwhoiswalking正在走路的男子4.另外，Ving形式作定語時(shí)，容易和Ved分詞發(fā)生錯用。Ving形式有“主動”或“進(jìn)行中”之意，Ved分詞則表示“被動”或“已完成”。試比較如下：Sheisthestudentrepresentingherschooltoattendtheconference.（表示主動）她是代表她學(xué)校參會的那個(gè)學(xué)生。Ithinkyouhavetoagreeheisarespectedcolumnist.（表示被動）我想你得承認(rèn)他是個(gè)備受尊敬的專欄作家。Youcantdrinkboilingwater.Youcandrinkboiledwater.你不能飲用滾燙的水，你可以飲用（涼）開水。（Ving形式表進(jìn)行中，Ved分詞表已完成）二、Ving形式作表語Ving形式作表語可分兩種情況：1.相當(dāng)于形容詞;2.相當(dāng)于名詞。例如：Englishisquiteinteresting.（interesting相當(dāng)于形容詞）HerjobisteachingEnglish.（teachingEnglish相當(dāng)于名詞）第一種情況，應(yīng)注意其與過去分詞的區(qū)別。Ving形式表示“主動”之意，Ved分詞則表示“被動”。試比較如下：Thisnewsisreallydisappointing.Wearealldisappointedatthenews.這個(gè)消息真地很令人失望。我們對這個(gè)消息都很失望。（Ving形式表主動，Ved分詞表被動）第二種情況易與進(jìn)行時(shí)結(jié)構(gòu)相混，可從以下兩個(gè)方面予以區(qū)別：1.看主語是否是Ving動詞的執(zhí)行者（即Ving動詞的動作是否是句子主語的動作）。是則為進(jìn)行時(shí)，不是則為Ving形式。例如：1）Heiscleaningthestreet.他正在打掃街道。2）Hisjobiscleaningthestreet.他的工作是打掃街道。例1中的clean是主語he的動作，為進(jìn)行時(shí)。例2中的clean顯然不是hisjob的動作，為Ving形式。2.看Ving動詞（結(jié)構(gòu)）能否與主語對換位置。能則為Ving形式，不能則為進(jìn)行時(shí)。例如：3）Themostdifficultproblemisbuildingthebridgebase.最困難的問題是建造橋基。4）Theyarebuildingthebridgebase.他們正在建造橋基。例3可以調(diào)整為：“Buildingthebridgebaseisthemostdifficultproblem.”，故為Ving形式。而例4則不能（Buildingthebridgearethey.不正確），故為進(jìn)行時(shí)?！靖櫨毩?xí)】一、用動詞Ving形式改寫下列句子。1.Idon’tknowthemanwhoisnoddingtomyfather.2.Atrainwasingandtheboywhowasplayingonthetrackswastoofrightenedtomove.3.Thepatientissittingintheroomwhichfacessouth.4.Thedustmenwhoweregoingonstrikesaidtheywerebadlypaid.5.TodayatleastintheeyesofthelawblackswholiveinAmericahavetheequalrightsaswhites.6.Airwhichgivesuslifeisaroundus.7.ThewatchthatbelongstoMaryislost.8.Wecanseetheplaneistakingofffromtheairport.9.Isawhewasridinghisbikeinthestreet.10.ThecitizensinPisasawalightballandaheavyballwerefallingataboutthesamespeed.二、用所給動詞的適當(dāng)形式填空。1.Theteacherandstudentswereall____（please）withthe____（please）result.2.Therearetwohundredboys____（range）fromseventofourteeninage.3.Fromhersadexpression，wecanknowthattheouteisreally____（disappoint）.4.A____（fly）birdcanbeagreatdangertoanyairplane，____（cause）anaircrash.5.The____（defeat）playerreceivedan____（encourage）messagefromhiswife.6.Ourfirststepis____（divide）thehallintoseveralseparateoffices.7.Themostdifficulttaskwas____（search）forthelostchildinthevalley.8.____（boil）waterisstillveryhotwhile____（boil）watermaybecoolenoughtodrink.9.The____（march）soldierswere____（excite），____（shout）slogansalltheway.10.Thenaughtyboyisextremely____（disappoint）.Hisbehaviormadetheteacher____（annoy）again.好句鑒賞：1.這一節(jié)日于每年農(nóng)歷六月初四開始，持續(xù)三天。Thefestivalfallsontheforthdayofthesixthmonthofthelunarcalender,usuallylastingforthreedays.2.我看到許多人身著華麗的蒙古袍。IsawalotofpeoplewearingfancyMongolianrobes.3.這剛與柔的展示深深地打動了我。Iwasquitemovedbytheirshowofstrengthandgrace.晚會上精彩的表演深深地打動了我。Iwasquitemovedbythewonderfulperformanceattheeveningparty.4.我頓時(shí)明白了為什么人們說“馬是蒙古文化的核心”。ThatwasthemomentIstartedtounderstandwhypeoplesay“HorsesareattheheartofMongolianculture”.我頓時(shí)明白了為什么人們說“團(tuán)圓是中國人的信仰”。ThatwasthemomentIstartedtounderstandwhypeoplesay“ReunionisthebeliefoftheChinesepeople”.5.(那達(dá)慕大會）它主要有三大賽事：賽馬，摔跤和射箭，每項(xiàng)運(yùn)動都動人心魄。It(TheNaadamFestival)isrepresentedbythreeevents:horseracing,wrestling,andarchery,whichareallsoexcitingtowatch!元宵節(jié)(LanternFestival)主要有三項(xiàng)活動：賞花燈，舞獅子，猜燈謎，每項(xiàng)運(yùn)動都十分有趣。TheLanternFestivalisrepresentedbythreeevents:watchinglanterns,performingLionDance,andguessinglanternriddles,whichareallinteresting!單詞補(bǔ)充：節(jié)日SpringFestival春節(jié)TombsweepingFestival清明節(jié)LanternFestival元宵節(jié)DragonBoatFestival端午節(jié)MidAutumnFestival中秋節(jié)LunarNewYear’sEve除夕活動LunarNewYear'sdinner年夜飯SpringFestivalGala春晚athoroughcleaning大掃除SpringFestivalcouplets春聯(lián)setofffireworks放煙花watchlanterns賞燈guesslanternriddles猜燈謎DragonBoatracing賽龍舟ricedumplings粽子mooncakes月餅haveagettogether聚會payavisittosb.拜訪某人bebusydoing忙于……寫作實(shí)踐你校英語報(bào)Festival欄目正面向全校學(xué)生征稿,請你用英語寫一篇短文，介紹你的一次節(jié)日經(jīng)歷，并投稿。注意：1.詞數(shù)80左右；2．可以適當(dāng)增加細(xì)節(jié)，以使行文連貫____________________________________________________________________________________________________