Unit4Naturaldisasters重點(diǎn)單詞短語(yǔ)句型清單-高中英語(yǔ)人教版

Unit4：ListeningandSpeakingP4849一、重點(diǎn)單詞&搭配disaster n.災(zāi)難；災(zāi)害；徹底失敗的人或物disasterarea災(zāi)區(qū)naturaldisaster自然災(zāi)害magnituden.

震級(jí)earthquaken.

地震themagnitudeoftheearthquake地震的震級(jí)tornado n.龍卷風(fēng)；旋風(fēng)pl復(fù)數(shù):tornados/tornadoes以o結(jié)尾的單詞，有生命+es，無(wú)生命+sdrought n.旱災(zāi)；久旱——dryadj.干燥的；干旱的floodn.洪水；大量vi.淹沒(méi)；大量涌入vt.使灌滿水；淹沒(méi)flooddamage洪澇災(zāi)害afloodof=anumberof大量floodinto/in涌進(jìn)landsliden.(山地或懸崖的)崩塌；滑坡slide vi.&vt. （使）滑行；滑動(dòng) slideslidslidtsunami [tsu??nɑ?mi] n.海嘯typhoon n.臺(tái)風(fēng)volcaniceruption火山噴發(fā)volcanon.火山pl:volcanoes/volcanos[z]volcanicadj.火山的活火山activevolcanoes/volcanos死火山dead/extinctvolcanoes/volcanoseruptionn.爆發(fā)——eruptv.爆發(fā)；噴發(fā)eruptfrom從......中噴出eruptinto突然變?yōu)榛虬l(fā)展成（更壞的事）eruptintolaughter=burstintolaughter突然大笑起來(lái)hurricanen.(尤指西大西洋的)颶風(fēng)theeyeofthehurricane颶風(fēng)中心hurry v./n.匆忙（inahurry匆忙）rescuen.&vt.營(yíng)救；救援etosb'srescue＝gotosb'srescue=rescuesb.援救某人rescue...from...把...從......中營(yíng)救出來(lái)rescueteam/workers救援隊(duì)/人員damagevt.損害，破壞n.損壞，損失damageone’shealth損害某人的健康do/causedamageto給......造成損害bebadlydamaged嚴(yán)重受損destroyvt.摧毀，毀滅destroyern.破壞者destructionn.毀滅，破壞destructiveadj.毀滅性的，引起破壞的destroythehope打破希望destroytheconfident打擊信心destroythepeace破壞和平[辨析]destroy徹底破壞，無(wú)法/很難修復(fù)damage部分損壞，可修復(fù)ruin嚴(yán)重毀壞helicoptern.

直升機(jī)deathn.死，死亡—diev.死亡—dyingadj.臨終的—deadadj.死的—deadlyadv.致命地beclosetodeath瀕臨死亡befrightenedtodeath嚇?biāo)懒藅hedead死者（the+adj表示一類人），做主語(yǔ)，謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞用復(fù)數(shù)puttodeathv.殺死，處死bedyingfor…極渴望……bedyingtodo…極想做……affectvt.影響；(疾病)侵襲；深深打動(dòng)affectsb./sth. 影響某人/某事bedeeplyaffectedby... 被……深深打動(dòng)affecteda.受感動(dòng)的；假裝的affectivea.情感的，表達(dá)感情的affectionn.鐘愛(ài)；喜愛(ài)affect=haveaneffecton/upon對(duì)......產(chǎn)生影響effectn．影響；效果；作用effectn.——effective(adj.)——effective+ly（adv.）haveaneffecton/upon... 對(duì)……有影響sideeffects副作用eintoeffect=takeeffect開(kāi)始生效eintopower當(dāng)權(quán)，上臺(tái)sheltern．避難處；居所；庇護(hù)vt.保護(hù)；掩蔽vi.躲避(風(fēng)雨或危險(xiǎn))takeshelterfrom... 躲避……provideshelterfor......為......提供庇護(hù)undertheshelterof...在......的庇護(hù)下protect/shelter...from...保護(hù)/遮蔽……不/免受……的傷害二、短語(yǔ)naturaldisaster自然災(zāi)害newsreport（s）新聞報(bào)道referto涉及，指的是themagnitudeoftheearthquake地震的震級(jí)rescueworkers救援人員atleast至少medicalteams醫(yī)療隊(duì)Unit4：ReadingandThinkingP5051一、重點(diǎn)單詞&搭配crackn.裂紋；裂縫vi.&vt.(使)破裂gasn.氣體；燃?xì)?；汽油gassupply煤氣供應(yīng)；天然氣供應(yīng)ruinn.&vt.破壞；毀壞inruins嚴(yán)重受損，破敗不堪be/lieinruins嚴(yán)重受損fall/eintoruin成為廢墟 ruinone’shope/future毀掉某人的希望/前程ruinoneself自我毀滅percentn.百分比adj.&adv.百分之……的/地percent沒(méi)有復(fù)數(shù)，以它所修飾的名詞來(lái)判斷謂語(yǔ)的單復(fù)數(shù)分?jǐn)?shù)、百分?jǐn)?shù)+名詞做主語(yǔ)，謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞和所修飾的名詞保持一致：60percentofdogsare…brickn.

磚；磚塊metaln.金屬shockn.震驚；令人震驚的事；休克vt.（使）震驚shockingadj.令人、使人震驚的——shockedadj.震驚的inshock震驚；吃驚anelectricshock觸電easashock讓人震驚shocksb使某人震驚beshockedby/at...對(duì)…...吃驚beshockedtodo...做某事很震驚beshockedthat...對(duì)......很震驚electricityn.電；電能electricaladj.有關(guān)電的；電氣科學(xué)的——electronicadj.電子的trapvt.使落入險(xiǎn)境；使陷入圈套n.險(xiǎn)境；陷阱trapsb.into(doing)sth.誘導(dǎo)某人（做）某事set/layatrapfor為......設(shè)置陷阱be/gettrappedin 被困在......fallintoatrap 落入圈套buryvt.埋葬；安葬buryone’sfaceinhands雙手掩面buryone’spain/feelings掩藏痛苦/感情bury...in...把......埋到.......專心于buryoneselfin=beburiedin=belostin=beabsorbedin=devoteoneselfto=bedevotedto(prep.)=concentrateon=focusonbreathev.呼吸——breathn.呼吸breathein/out吸氣/呼氣breatheregularly均勻呼吸breathehard呼吸困難breathedeeply=takeadeepbreath深呼吸holdone’sbreath屏住呼吸loseone’sbreath喘不上氣來(lái)outofbreath氣喘吁吁，上氣不接下氣effortn．努力；艱難的嘗試；盡力sparenoeffort(s)todosth.不遺余力地做某事puteffortinto(doing)sth.努力做某事with/withouteffort費(fèi)力地/毫不費(fèi)力地makeanefforttodosth.=makeeffortstodosth.努力/盡力做......wisdomn.智慧；才智wiseadj.（行為或決定）明智的wiselyadv.明智地suffer vt.遭受；蒙受vi.（因疾病、痛苦、悲傷等）受苦sufferpain/damage/failure遭受痛苦/破壞/失敗sufferfrom 受……的折磨；因……而受苦sufferingn.苦難，痛苦sufferern.受難者asif似乎；好像；仿佛=asthough如果asif引導(dǎo)的從句表示的情況與事實(shí)相反或者不大可能實(shí)現(xiàn)，從句要用虛擬語(yǔ)氣。shockn.震驚，休克——shockedadj.震驚的——shockingadj.令人震驚的looksthupinthedictionary查字典=refertoadictionaryevacuatevi.撤離vt.疏散，撤出evacuatefrom從......撤離evacuateto/into撤離到......二、短語(yǔ)strangethings奇怪的事情inthecountryside在鄉(xiāng)村，在農(nóng)村severaldays幾天riseandfall漲落deepcracks深裂紋smellygas難聞的氣體too…to太……而不能refusetodo拒絕做lookfor尋找jumpoutof跳出來(lái)onemillion一百萬(wàn)asusual像往常一樣onethird三分之一twothirds三分之二lessthan少于thousandsof數(shù)以千計(jì)的morethan多于railwaytrack鐵軌tensofthousandsof數(shù)以萬(wàn)計(jì)hundredsofthousandsof幾十萬(wàn)millionsof成百上千萬(wàn)insteadof相反，而不是inshock震驚falldown跌倒，失敗，倒塌digout挖出medicalcare醫(yī)療護(hù)理tirelessefforts不懈努力greatimprovementsin在某方面的巨大改善staypositive保持積極stay/keepcalm保持冷靜stay/keepfit保持健康stay/keephealthy保持健康thenumberof“…的數(shù)量”+單數(shù)謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞anumberof“許多”+復(fù)數(shù)謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞Unit4：DiscoveringUsefulStructuresP52一、重點(diǎn)單詞&搭配volcanon.火山pl:volcanoes/volcanos[z]volcanicadj.火山的活火山activevolcanoes/volcanos死火山dead/extinctvolcanoes/volcanoseruptionn.爆發(fā)——eruptv.爆發(fā)；噴發(fā)supplyn.供應(yīng)（量）；補(bǔ)給；【pl.復(fù)數(shù)】補(bǔ)給品vt.供應(yīng)；供給inshortsupply短缺alargesupplyof大量供應(yīng)food/water/gas/electricitysupply食物/水/煤氣/電供給supplysb.withsth.=supplysth.tosb.為某人供應(yīng)某物=providesb.withsth.=providesth.forsb.=offersb.sth.=offersth.tosb.typhoon n.臺(tái)風(fēng)hurricanen.(尤指西大西洋的)颶風(fēng)theeyeofthehurricane颶風(fēng)中心hurry v./n.匆忙（inahurry匆忙）survivevi.生存；存活vt.幸存；艱難度過(guò)survivorn.幸存者；survivaln.幸存；生存survivesth.在......之后仍然生存下來(lái)，從......中逃生survivesb.(by...)比……活得長(zhǎng)（多長(zhǎng)時(shí)間）surviveonsth.=liveonsth.靠某物存活二、短語(yǔ)aterribleexperience一次可怕的經(jīng)歷thecouple這對(duì)夫妻volunteertodo志愿做某事bedestroyedby被…摧毀intheopenair露天，在戶外bedamagedby被…破壞feedthebaby喂嬰兒Unit4：ListeningandTalkingP53一、重點(diǎn)單詞&搭配powern.電力供應(yīng);能量;力量;控制力eintopower當(dāng)權(quán)，上臺(tái)beinpower執(zhí)政,掌權(quán)bepoweredby由……提供動(dòng)力或能量powerfuladj.強(qiáng)大的;強(qiáng)有力的——powerfullyadv.強(qiáng)大地【近義詞辨析】power:“力,力量”,指人或國(guó)家甚至是某個(gè)機(jī)構(gòu)的權(quán)力、勢(shì)力或影響力force:指強(qiáng)制力量,暴力,武力等energy:主要指人的精力strength:“體力,力氣”;也可指“強(qiáng)項(xiàng),長(zhǎng)處pipen.管;管道;管子calmadj.鎮(zhèn)靜的；沉著的vt.使平靜；使鎮(zhèn)靜calmly adv.冷靜地；平靜地calmnessn.平靜，冷靜keep/staycalm保持鎮(zhèn)靜calmdown平靜下來(lái)calmsb.down使某人平靜下來(lái)emergencyn.突發(fā)事件;緊急情況——emergentadj.緊急的，新興的，突現(xiàn)的inanemergency在緊急狀況下whistlev.吹口哨n.哨子;哨子聲kitn.成套工具，成套設(shè)備aidn.援助；幫助；救援物資vi.&vt.(formal)幫助；援助firstaid急救——firstaidkit成套的急救藥箱etoone’said來(lái)幫助某人withtheaidof...在......的幫助下aidsb.indoingsth.幫助某人做某事aidsb.in/withsth.在某方面幫助某人revivevt.&vi.復(fù)活；（使）蘇醒revivaln.蘇醒、復(fù)活經(jīng)濟(jì)復(fù)蘇therevivalofeconomy=revivetheeconomyonhand現(xiàn)有（尤指幫助）athand在手邊，即將到來(lái)byhand手工on（the）onehand...ontheotherhand...一方面....另一方面...handinhand手拉手，密切關(guān)聯(lián)give/lendsbahand幫助某人handin交上，提交handout分發(fā)二、短語(yǔ)rescueworker救援人員seniorhighschool高中pletethetable完成表格makeasafetylist制作安全清單powerlines電線firstofall首先staycalm保持冷靜stayawayfrom遠(yuǎn)離…makesure確保anemergencykit一個(gè)急救箱safetyinstruction安全須知Unit4：ReadingforWritingP5455一、重點(diǎn)單詞&搭配crashvt.&vi.碰撞；撞擊n.撞車；碰撞crashinto撞到......上acarcrash汽車撞車事故aplanecrash飛機(jī)失事sweepvt.&vi.打掃；清掃sweepaway消滅，徹底消除sweepup打掃，清掃sweepthefloor掃地wave①n.海浪；波浪awaveof一波......；一陣......awaveoffear/panic②vi.&vt.揮手；招手waveto/atsbwavesb.goodbye/wavegoodbyetosb.向某人揮手告別strikevi.&vt.侵襲；突擊；擊打n.罷工；罷課；襲擊strikefor為......而罷工beonstrike在罷工goonstrike舉行罷工（動(dòng)作）Itstrikessb.that…=Itoccurstosb.that...=Ithitssb.that...某人突然意識(shí)到……bestruckby/with被......打動(dòng)delivervt.&vi.遞送；傳達(dá)vt.發(fā)表——deliveryn.遞送deliverababy接生deliveraspeech發(fā)表演講deliversth.tosb.把某物遞送/交付給某人adeliveryman送貨員summaryn.總結(jié)，概括，概要——summarizevt.概述，總結(jié)asummaryof.........的總結(jié)/摘要insummary總的來(lái)說(shuō)makeasummary做總結(jié)summarizeone’spoint總結(jié)某人的觀點(diǎn)effectn.作用，影響effective(adj.)——effectively（adv.）haveaneffecton/upon... 對(duì)……有影響sideeffects副作用eintoeffect=takeeffect開(kāi)始生效ineffect實(shí)際上lengthn.長(zhǎng)，長(zhǎng)度——lengthenv.加長(zhǎng)——longadj.長(zhǎng)的inlength在長(zhǎng)度上atlength長(zhǎng)時(shí)間；最后；詳盡地atarm’slength在伸手可及處；保持一定距離地thelengthofItisameterinlength.=Itisameterlong.longfor/longtodo二、短語(yǔ)releaseanewsreport發(fā)布一則新聞報(bào)道releasenewsreports發(fā)布多則新聞報(bào)道crashinto撞倒，撞擊morethan多于atleast至少sweepaway消滅，徹底消除strongearthquake大地震，強(qiáng)震reachamagnitudeof達(dá)到…的震級(jí)standat達(dá)到特定水平/高度beaffectedby被…影響“多達(dá)，和……一樣多”asmanyas+可數(shù)名詞asmuchas+不可數(shù)localofficial（s）地方官員thousandsof數(shù)以千計(jì)的thenumberof……的數(shù)量beexpectedtodo被期望做……deliverfoodandsupplies運(yùn)送食物和補(bǔ)給thenumberofdeaths死亡人數(shù)shortstatementof簡(jiǎn)短陳述bebasedon——baseon以……為基礎(chǔ)onethird三分之一thelengthof……的長(zhǎng)度theoriginaltext原文三、重點(diǎn)句型when用作并列連詞，表示“這時(shí)”①bedoing...when...正在做……這時(shí)……Eg：Heisdreamingawonderfuldreamwhenthefireal