新課標(biāo)高考英語(yǔ)語(yǔ)法復(fù)習(xí)知識(shí)點(diǎn)講解

語(yǔ)法專(zhuān)題(附參考答案)

專(zhuān)題一冠詞

I、重點(diǎn)難點(diǎn)解析

冠詞是一種虛詞，放在名詞的前面，幫助說(shuō)明名詞的含義

歷年高考試題對(duì)冠詞的考查涉及到冠詞的位置、不定冠詞、定冠詞、零冠詞及

固定搭配中的冠詞等各個(gè)方面。下面我們以表格的形式對(duì)前四個(gè)方面進(jìn)行總結(jié)，

1.冠詞的位置

考占

■J八、、示例

1such/what/many/rather/quite+a(n)+quiteasmallhouse

形容詞+單數(shù)可數(shù)名詞

2how/however/so/too/as/that/this十soniceagirl

形容詞+a(u)+單數(shù)可數(shù)名詞

3both/all/half/twice/double+the+名twicethesizeof

詞theroom

4halfa(n)或ahalf+單數(shù)可數(shù)名詞Halfanhour/ahalf

hour

2.不定冠詞

考點(diǎn)示例

1表示泛指，與any同義Asquarehasfoursides.

2表示數(shù)量“一”，與。ne同義，但Hewillbebackinaweek.

其數(shù)的概念不如one強(qiáng)烈

3表示“相同的"，與thesame同義Birdsofafeatherflock

together.

4表示“每一個(gè)"，與every,Ivisitmyfatheroncea

each,per同義month.

5表示"某一"，與acertain同義AMrSmithiswaitingto

seeyou.

6表示"像似的，與onelikeHeisaLeiFenginour

同義class.

7用在某些物質(zhì)名詞前表示“一種、Wehadaheavyrainlast

，一陣、night.

一份、一場(chǎng)”等

8用在某些抽象名詞前，使其具體化Youareagreathelpto

yourmother.

3.定冠詞

考點(diǎn)示例

特指上文提到過(guò)的、談話雙方都清There1metaforeignerand

1楚的、受定語(yǔ)修飾的人或物theforeignerhelpedmealot.

/Doyouknowthemanstanding

bythewindow?

2用于單數(shù)名詞前，指一類(lèi)事物Thelionisawildanimal.

3用于樂(lè)器名稱(chēng)前theviolin/thepiano

4用于世界上獨(dú)一無(wú)二的事物前thesun/theearth/theworld

5與某些形容詞連用表示一類(lèi)人therich/theyoung/theaged

6在字?jǐn)?shù)詞和最高級(jí)前thefirstonetocometoschool

/thebeststudentinourclass

7在江河湖海、山脈群島、海峽海岸的TheChangjiangRiver/theWest

地名中Lake/

theEnglishChannel

8在表示姓氏的復(fù)數(shù)名詞前、逢整十play（the）piano/theBrowns/

數(shù)詞的復(fù)數(shù)前inthe1920s/

9在表示國(guó)家的形容詞前，泛指該國(guó)theChinese/theEnglish

的人民.

10用在一些習(xí)慣用語(yǔ)中inthemorning/thedayafter

tomorrow/thedaybefore

yesterday/thenextyear

4.零冠詞

考占

■J八、、示例

1專(zhuān)用名詞和不可數(shù)名詞前China,America,GradeOne,

ClassTwo

2名詞前已有this,that,my,your,Godownthisstreet.

some,any等

3當(dāng)復(fù)數(shù)名詞和不可數(shù)名詞表示泛指時(shí)Wearestudents./Ilike

readingstories.

4成對(duì)名詞連用時(shí)dayafterday/facetoface

5在球類(lèi)、棋類(lèi)、學(xué)科、語(yǔ)言、三餐名playbasketball/playchess/

詞前l(fā)ikephysics,speakEnglish/

atlunch

6在季節(jié)、月份、某些含Day的節(jié)假Autumnisthebestseasonin

日、星期等名詞前Beijing./inMay/NewYear's

Day/OnSunday

7在某些習(xí)慣用語(yǔ)中的名詞前Atnoon/bybus/bytelephone/

inbed,intime/gotobed/

gotocollege

5.英語(yǔ)中含有冠詞的詞組辯析

英語(yǔ)中有不少詞組，從形式看好象只有冠詞之差，而實(shí)際上卻是意義完全不同的新

詞組。

1.infrontof在...（外）的前面;inthefrontof在....（內(nèi)）的前面

ThereJsagardeninfrontoftheclassroom.There?sablackboardin

thefrontoftheclassroom.2.inchargeof掌管；負(fù)責(zé)；inthechargeof

在...負(fù)責(zé)之下Anexperiencedworkerisinchargeoftheproject.

Theprojectisinthechargeofanexperiencedworker.3.attable在用

飯；吃飯時(shí)；atthetable在桌旁Heseldomtalksattable.Theysat

atthetable,talkingandlaughing.4.byday白天;日I'司;bytheday按

日計(jì)Heworksinanofficebyday.Cleaningwomeninbigcitiesget

paidbytheday.5.takeplace發(fā)生；舉行；taketheplace代替；接替

WhendidthisconversationtakeplaceElectrictrainhasnowtakenthe

placeofsteamtrainsinEngland.

6.inwords用言語(yǔ)；inaword總之

Pleaseexpressyourthoughtinwords.

Inaword,Idon,ttrustyou.

7.attimes有時(shí)；不時(shí)；atatime一次

Idofeelalittlenervousattimes.

Passmethebrickstwoatatime.

8.little少；不多的;alittle一些；一點(diǎn)點(diǎn)

Hurryup,there'slittletimeleft.

Don'thurry,youstillhavealittletime.

9.few很少；幾垂沒(méi)有的；afew有些；幾個(gè)

Heisamanoffewwords.

Onlyafewofthechildrencanread.

mostinteresting非常有趣的；themostinteresting最有趣的（形容詞的最

高級(jí)）

Thisisamostinterestingstory.

Thisisthemostinterestingstoryofthethree.

doctorandnurse一位醫(yī)生兼護(hù)士；adoctorandanurse一位醫(yī)生和一位護(hù)

士

Adoctorandnurseisstandingthere.

Adoctorandanursearestandingthere.

numberof許多；好些；thenumberof…（的）數(shù)目Anumberof

studentsareintheclassroom.Thenumberofstudentsintheclassroom

isforty.

IK實(shí)戰(zhàn)演練

（一）.用適當(dāng)?shù)墓谠~填空，不需要的劃.

,couldIspeaktoMr.Smith

--Sorry,wrongnumber.Thereisn，tMr.Smithhere.

2.Iknowyoudon，tlike_______musicverymuch.Butwhatdoyouthink

ofmusicinthe

filmwesawyesterday?

3.Iknockedovermycoffeecup.Itwentrightover______keyboard.

--Youshouldn，tputdrinksnearcomputer.

4.Ofall______reasonsformydecisiontobecomeauniversity

professor,myfather，sadvicewas

_____mostimportantone.

5.AccordingtoWorldHealthOrganization,healthcareplans

areneededinallbigcitiesto

preventspreadofAIDS.

6..Forhim__stageisjust____meansofmakingaliving.

7.Ithinkitreally_______honorformetospeakhere..

8.Thislabusedtobein_______chargeofMr.Wang.

9IknowthereisMr.Smithnextdoor,whohasgoneon

business.

10Hedevotesmostofhistimetofootball.AndIamsurehe

promisesexcellent

footballer.

11Don,tloseheart.Pleasehavesecondtry.

12Thosewhoarerichshouldhelppoor.

13Whenstealingthethiefwascaughtbyarmbyapoliceman.

14Insomefactoriesworkersgetpaidby______piece.

15Itisabadhabittogotoworkwithoutbreakfast.

16Johnis_______universitystudentfromEuropeancountry.

17Teachersplayactiveandimportantpartinbuildingup

students'character.

18Zhangsliveonthesecondfloor.

19CottonisgrowninnorthofChina.

20Itisknowntousallthatlighttravelsfasterthan

sound.

21Atowerisseenindistance.

22Incaseoffirepleasepressredbutton.

23Shenzhenhaspopulationofmorethan10million.

24daysIspentwithCatherineinBeijingweresowonderful.

25Abullethitthesoliderandhewaswoundedinleg.

26Helovedwritingandhisfirstnovelwasgreatsuccesswhenit

cameout.

27Mybrotherwasborninspringof1990.

28Mr.Smithismostlearnedscholarandyoucanturntohimfor

help.

29Howsweetlyshesings!Ihaveneverheardbettervoice.

30BeijingissecondlargestcityinChina.

31MytriptoTibetwasreallyunforgettableexperience.

32Thiswatchis18thcenturywatch,whichhasbeenpasseddown

frommygreatgrandpa.

（二）語(yǔ)法填空

在括號(hào)中填入適當(dāng)?shù)墓谠~

Thereoncewasakingwhooffered]prizeto2artistwho

wouldpaint3bestpictureofpeace.Manyartisttried.Theking

lookedatall4pictures.Buttherewereonlytwohereallyliked,

andhehadtochoosebetweenthem.

Onepicturewasofacalmlake.Thelakewasaperfectmirrorfor

peacefulhighmountainsallaroundit.Overheadwasablueskywith

fluffywhiteclouds.Allwhosawthispicturethoughtitwas5

perfectpictureofpeace.

Theotherpicturehadmountains,too.Butthesewereruggedandbare.

Abovewas6angrysky,fromwhichrainfellandinwhichlightning

played.Down7sideofthemountaintumbled（翻騰）afoaming（水泡）

waterfall.Thisdidnotlookpeacefulatall.

Butwhenthekinglookedclosely,hesawbehind8waterfalla

tinybushgrowinginacrackintherock.Inthebush9motherbird

hadbuilthernest.There,inthemidstoftherushofangrywater,sat

themotherbirdonhernest-inperfectpeace.

Thekingchose10secondpicture.

答案：Ila2/;the3the;a4.the;the5the;

the6the;a7an8the9a;/10/;an11a12the13

the14the15the16a;a17an18The19the20/;/

21the22the23a24The25the26a27the28a29a

30the31an32an

II1a2the3the4.the5a6an7the8the

9a10.the

專(zhuān)題二名詞

I、重點(diǎn)難點(diǎn)解析

名詞的高考命題導(dǎo)向

名詞的“可數(shù)”與“不可數(shù)”是高考命題的熱點(diǎn)之一。不可數(shù)名詞前不能與不定冠

詞連用，之后不能十s。有些抽象名詞卻有復(fù)數(shù)形式，但意義與原來(lái)的不同。有些

可數(shù)名詞復(fù)數(shù)有兩個(gè)意思，一個(gè)與單數(shù)意義相同，另一個(gè)和單數(shù)含義不同，高考中

這些含義很可能成為考查的內(nèi)容。詞語(yǔ)的固定搭配及名詞作定語(yǔ)也是高考命題的注

息點(diǎn)。

一名詞的分類(lèi)及常見(jiàn)用法

個(gè)體名詞teacher,student,piano功能

可數(shù)名詞

集體名詞family,committee,people名詞在句

物質(zhì)名詞wood,water,steel中可做主

表

不可數(shù)名語(yǔ)

抽象名詞friendship,progress

賓

詞語(yǔ)

語(yǔ)

專(zhuān)有名詞John,Smith,Beijing賓

語(yǔ)

一般由名詞右表有生命的東如：Women?sDay,an

上方+'S；以西或時(shí)間,空hour,s補(bǔ)足

S結(jié)尾的名詞間,距離,價(jià)格，walk,students?定語(yǔ)、同

名詞所有單復(fù)數(shù)只加重量等名詞的reading-room,位語(yǔ)或狀

，

格a”所有格today'spaper語(yǔ)

介詞of十名無(wú)生命的東西如：amapofChina,

詞的名詞所有格thetopofthe

mountain

規(guī)則變化1.一般詞后+sdays,boys,

Americans

,x,sh,ch結(jié)尾buses,dishes;(stomac

+eshs除外)

3.輔音字母+y結(jié)babies,factories

可數(shù)名詞

尾，變y為i+es

的復(fù)數(shù)

4.以f或fe結(jié)尾，leaves,wives;(roofs,

變f/fe為v+esproofs,

gulfs,beliefs,chiefs

,staffs,

safes除外)

5.以。結(jié)尾，有生heroes,potatoes;pian

命+es,無(wú)生命+sos,radios(hippos,

bamboos)除外

6.數(shù)字的復(fù)數(shù)+s或inthe1930s/1930,s

“，s”

不規(guī)則變1.改變?cè)~中元音字woman-women,goose-

化母geese

man-men,foot-

feet,tooth-teeth

2.形式復(fù)數(shù)，意義news,maths,politics,

單數(shù)economics等

3.單復(fù)同形means,deer,sheep,fis

h,works

(工廠)，species,

Chinese等

4.其它c(diǎn)hild-children,

bacterium-

bacteria,crisis-

crises,ox-

oxen,phenomenon-

phenomena等

二名詞其他需要注意的幾點(diǎn):

1.名詞的數(shù)

1)復(fù)合名詞變?yōu)閺?fù)數(shù)的規(guī)則

有主體名詞的復(fù)數(shù)形式(lookers-on,passers-by等)和無(wú)主體名詞的復(fù)數(shù)形

式(grown-ups,go-betweens等)。

2)集體名詞的數(shù)

①有些集體名詞只能用作復(fù)數(shù)。如：cattle,police,people等。

注意：people意為“民族；種族”時(shí)有單、復(fù)數(shù)形式。

②有些集體名詞只能用作單數(shù)。machinery,furniture,jewellery,

mankind等。

③有些集體名詞作為整體看待時(shí)，用作單數(shù)；指其中各個(gè)成員時(shí)，用作復(fù)數(shù)。

如：class

family,couple,audience,government,public等。

ThewholefamilyarewatchingTVnow全家人現(xiàn)在都在看電視。

Hisfamilyisabigone他家是個(gè)大家族。

3)只能用復(fù)數(shù)形式的名詞

由兩部分構(gòu)成的名詞：glasses,trousers,shorts,scissors,gloves,

scales,compasses等。

4)the+姓氏的復(fù)數(shù)，表全家人：theBlacks,theWangs

5)具有雙重特性的名詞

(1)意義不同的可數(shù)和不可數(shù)名詞

aroom房間一room空間achicken雞一chicken雞肉

anexperience經(jīng)歷一experience經(jīng)驗(yàn)anagreement協(xié)議一agreement同意

(2)單、復(fù)數(shù)意思不同的名詞

arm手臂一arms武器brain腦一brains智力custom風(fēng)俗一customs海關(guān)

force力量一forces軍隊(duì)regard注意，關(guān)心一regards問(wèn)候time時(shí)間一

times時(shí)代

work工作一works作品，工廠manner態(tài)度一manners禮貌spirit精神一

spirits心情，情緒

content內(nèi)容一contents目錄loss損失一losses損失物condition狀況一

conditions條件

expression表達(dá)一expressions短語(yǔ)feeling感覺(jué)一feelings感情wood木頭

一woods樹(shù)林

2.名詞的所有格

1)表示兩者或兩者以上共同所有，在最后一個(gè)詞的后面加's；表示各自擁有

時(shí)，每個(gè)名詞后都要+s"。如LiandMa'sroom李和馬共有的房間；Li's

andMa'srooms李和馬各自的房間

2)表某人家或店鋪，診所。如：Li's李家，thedoctor's診所；the

barber's理發(fā)店

3)所有格除了用于有生命的物體外，也可以用于表示國(guó)家、城市等的名詞。如：

China'sprosperity中國(guó)的繁榮thecountry，splan國(guó)家計(jì)劃

4)of所有格也可用于有生命的物體，用于名詞較長(zhǎng)或名詞的定語(yǔ)較長(zhǎng)時(shí)。

如：astoryofafamousdoctor一個(gè)名醫(yī)的故事

thesonofthemanyouiusttalkedto剛剛和你說(shuō)話的那個(gè)男人的兒子

5)雙重所有格

"of+名詞的's所有格或名詞性物主代詞”稱(chēng)為雙重所有格。of后的賓

語(yǔ)必須是人，而且是特指。如：

anoldfriendofmyuncle's我叔叔的一個(gè)老朋友

aplayofShakespeare's莎士比亞的一部戲劇

somehousesofmygrandfather's我爺爺?shù)囊恍┓孔?/p>

3.名詞作定語(yǔ)

1)一般用單數(shù)形式。如：countrymusic鄉(xiāng)村音樂(lè)shoeshops鞋店traffic

lights交通燈

注意：sports,customs,arms,clothes,sales,goods作定語(yǔ)時(shí)，要用復(fù)數(shù)

形式。如:

sportsmeeting運(yùn)動(dòng)會(huì)customsofficiers海關(guān)官員armsproduction武

器生產(chǎn)

2)man和woman作定語(yǔ)時(shí)，與中心詞一起變。如：

mendoctors男醫(yī)生womenteachers女老師

IK實(shí)戰(zhàn)演練

一、用適當(dāng)?shù)脑~或所給詞的正確形式填空：

1.Therearefifty-six(people)inChina.

2.Weneedmuch(room)forallthefurniture.

3.Thiskindofdresswaspopularinthe(1980)

4.(girl)studentsand(woman)teachers

areinthemajorityinourschool.

5.Thereusedtobealotofmilu(deer)inChina.

6.Theseareart(work)oftheTangDynasty.

7.(child)shoesareonthesecondfloorofthisstore

department.

8.Wecanseemany(editor-in-chief)presentatthe

conference.

9.Ihadmyhaircutshortatthe(barber)nearby

yesterday.

10.Onthewhole,hewasa(fail)inhislife.

11.Healthproblemsarecloselyconnectedwithbadeatinghabitsanda

ofexercise.

12.Nowmoreandmorepeopleprefertohaveaathome---a

littledog,acatorsomeotheranimals.

13.Myparentsalwaysletmehavemyownofliving.

14.Wevolunteeredtocollectmoneytohelptheofthe

earthquake.

15.Weallknowthatspeaklouderthanwords.

答案：1.peoples2.room3.1980s/1980,s4.Girl,women5.

deer6works's8.editors-in-chief9.barber?s10.failure

11.lack12.pet13.way15.actions

二語(yǔ)法填空

CharlesPinkwasayoung1(Canada)whohadagoodhouseandhe

knewhowtoenjoyhimself.EverySaturday,hewenttothetheatreand

2_(party).Hiscarwasoneofthebestinhiscity.Hehadlotsof

moneyandonedaybought3plane.Helearnedtoflyandflying

becameoneofhismain4(enjoy).

Onedayaboutthirty5(yearly)ago,hesetoffinhissmall

planeonatripacross6(Mexican).Atfirsteverythingwentwell,

butwhenhewasoverthepartofthecountry7engineofthelittle

machinefailed.

Fortunately,Pinkwasflyingatagood8(high)whenthebad

thinghappened,andhehadtimetofindaplacetoland.Belowhimhe

couldseeanumberof9(field)whichlookedniceenoughtolandon,

andhemanagedtobringhismachinedownononeof10.

答案:1.Canadian2.parties3.a4.enjoyments5.years6.Mexico

7.the8.height9.fields10.them

二、完形填空

’閱言中面短文，掌握其大意，然后從21-30各題所給的A、B、C和D項(xiàng)中，選

出最佳選項(xiàng)，并在答題卡上將該項(xiàng)涂黑。

DosomeFL(ForeignLanguage)readingeverydayandtrytofinish

oneFLbookatleasteveryweek.Youarenodoubt21withlittlespare

time,andthismaysoundunrealistic.Butifyoureadinthe22

described,itisperfectlypossible.Thekeyistobehonestwith

yourselfabout23youreallyenjoy:thrillers,women，smagazines,

newspapers—itreallydoesn，tmatterwhatyoureadas24asit

genuinelyinterestsyou,becausethatistheonlycertainwaytomake

yourselfread.Itis25toreachgoodspeedsbypractisingon

materialthatisdifficultordull.Ifyoupursuethisprogramforonly,

fewmonths,youshouldachieveaverymarkedincreaseinyourreading

26.WhatyoudowithyourFLreadingskillwhenyouhavedevelopedit

istostudyforafurtherqualification.The27isthatinorderto

developthe28,agreatdealofpracticeoneasyinteresting

materialsisessential.Ifyoucan29thistoyourselfbydeveloping

yourownreadingskillbythismethod,yourteachingwillcarrythe

certaintythatcomesonlyfrom30.

21.A.boredB.helplessC.freeD.

busy

22.A.keyB.problemC.wayD.

job

23.A.whichB.whenC.who

D.what

24.A.muchB.goodC.long

D.well

25.A.impossibleB.possibleC.necessary

D.easy

26.A.efficiencyB.effectsC.method

D.capacity

27.A.questionB.pointC.idea

D.problem

28.A.habitB.ideaC.skillD.

task

29.A.realizeB.tellC.improveD.

prove

30.A.workB.experienceC.theory

D.doing

21-30DCDCAABCDB

專(zhuān)題三代詞

I、重點(diǎn)難點(diǎn)解析

代詞是代替名詞的一種詞類(lèi)。大多數(shù)代詞具有名詞和形容詞的功能。英語(yǔ)中的

代詞，按其意義、特征及在句中的作用分為：人稱(chēng)代詞、物主代詞、指示代詞、反

身代詞、相互代詞、疑問(wèn)代詞、關(guān)系代詞和不定代詞八種。

代詞類(lèi)別例詞功能

人稱(chēng)主格I,you,he,she,it,we,you,they只做主語(yǔ)

詞

代me,you,him,her,it,us,you,做及物動(dòng)詞或介詞的賓語(yǔ)

賓格

them

形容詞my,your,his,her,its,our,your,只做定

物主性their

代詞mine,yours,his,hers,its,ours,做主語(yǔ)、賓語(yǔ)、表語(yǔ)

名詞性

yours,theirs

myself,yourself,himself,herself,做賓語(yǔ)、同位語(yǔ)、表語(yǔ)

反身代詞itself,ourselves,yourselves,

themselves

指示代詞this,that,these,those做主語(yǔ)、賓語(yǔ)、定語(yǔ)、表語(yǔ)

相互代詞eachother,oneanother做賓

疑問(wèn)代詞who,whom,what,which,whose,etc.引出疑問(wèn)句

關(guān)系代詞that,who,whom,whose,etc.連接定語(yǔ)從句

some,any,no,either,neither,視情況而定，一般的可做定

不定代詞all,none,each,somebody,noone,語(yǔ)、主語(yǔ)、賓語(yǔ)等

everybody,etc.

下面舉例說(shuō)明，其中疑問(wèn)代詞見(jiàn)“句子種類(lèi)”，關(guān)系代詞見(jiàn)'定語(yǔ)從句”。

一人稱(chēng)代詞的用法

1作主語(yǔ)，用主格。作賓語(yǔ)用賓格。SheteachesusEnglish.

2在句中作表語(yǔ)，常用賓格。WhoisitIfsme.但有時(shí)用主格。

IfIwereshe,Iwould,tgothere.

ItwasIwhotoldhimaboutit.

二物主代詞的用法

1.形容詞性物主代詞一一只作定語(yǔ)：

Thisisourclassroom.Hisfatherisanengineer.

2.名詞性物主代詞

所作成例句

分

1作主語(yǔ)Thisishercoat.Mineisoverthere.

2賓語(yǔ)Somethinghasgonewrongwithmybike.MayIuseyours

3表語(yǔ)Thisbookisn,tmine;it'sTom's.

說(shuō)目3:

①英語(yǔ)中必須有形容詞性物主代詞，而漢語(yǔ)中往往省略不譯。如:

Jacktookoffhiscoatandwenttobed.

杰克脫掉外套就上床睡覺(jué)了。

②“of+名詞性物主代詞”可用作定語(yǔ)。如：

Somefriendsofminewillattendmybirthdayparty.

我的一些朋友要出席我的生日晚宴。

三反身代詞

所作成分例句

1動(dòng)TomtaughthimselfChinese.

賓

賓語(yǔ)m

Shelovesmeformyself,notformymoney.

2Sheisnotquiteherselftoday,（beoneself:身心自

表語(yǔ)

在）

3Imyselfcanrepairthebike.Thetableitselfhas

同位語(yǔ)

onlythreelegs.

四指示代詞的用法

1.時(shí)空的差別.Thereisthisseathere,nearme,orthereisthatonein

thefourthrow.Whichwillyouhave,thisorthat?

2.This和that在行文敘述上的差別。.

Ishallsaythistoyou:heisapoorman.

Hewasill.That'swhyhedidn'tcome.

和those用于表比較的結(jié)構(gòu)。

TheweatherofZhanjiangisbetterthanthatofmyhometown.

TVsetsmadeinNanjingarebetterthanthosemadehere.

4.打電話時(shí)this表示我，that表示你.

五不定代詞的用法

可數(shù)one,each,many,both,another,either,neither,(a)few

不可數(shù)much,(a)little

可數(shù)不可數(shù)none,any,other,all,some

復(fù)合不定代anyone,anybody,anything;someone,somebody,something;

詞everyone,everybody,everything;nobody,nothing

1.none,noone,nothing的用法區(qū)別

1)none既可指人，也可指物，且一定是特指概念，常用來(lái)回答howmany/much

引導(dǎo)的疑問(wèn)句；noone只能指人，且只能是泛指概念，常用來(lái)回答wh。引導(dǎo)的疑

問(wèn)句；nothing“什么也沒(méi)有"，否定一切，常用來(lái)回答what引導(dǎo)的疑問(wèn)句。

如：

一Howmanypeoplearethereintheroomnow

一None.

一Whoisintheroom

一Noone/nobody

2)none后面可加of引導(dǎo)的介詞短語(yǔ)，而something/anything/everything

/nothing;someone/anyone/everyone/noone卻不能。

2.each和every

1)each強(qiáng)調(diào)“個(gè)體”，起代詞和形容詞作用；eve”強(qiáng)調(diào)“全體”，只能作定

語(yǔ)。Each作同位歲時(shí)，不影響謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞的數(shù)，不可用noteach來(lái)表示部分否定,

而notevery表示部分否定。如：

Theticketseachcosttendollars.

這些票每張十美元。(each作同位語(yǔ)，不能用costs)

2)every還可表示“每……的；每……中的”，如下列說(shuō)法中只能用eve:ry。

everyyearortwo每一兩年

everynowandthen時(shí)常

everyotherday每隔一天

Chooseoneoutofeverytenboys.每十個(gè)男孩中選一個(gè)。

onecartoevery20people每20人乘一輛車(chē)

3.another,other,theother,others,theothers的用法—覽表

不定代

意義用法說(shuō)明

詞

任何一

指三者或三者以上中的任何一個(gè)，用作代詞或形容詞。如：

another個(gè)，另

Idon'tlikethiscoat.Showmeanother,please.

一個(gè)

只作定語(yǔ)，常與復(fù)數(shù)名詞或不可數(shù)名詞連用；但如果前面有

the,this,thatsome,any,each,every,no,one及

other另外的

my,your,his等時(shí),則可與單數(shù)名詞連用。如：anyother

plant,everyotherday。

兩者中

the常與one連用，構(gòu)成：onetheother…個(gè)....另

的

other個(gè)……；作定語(yǔ)修飾復(fù)數(shù)名詞時(shí)，表示“全部其余的”

另一個(gè)

泛指別

是。ther的復(fù)數(shù)形式，泛指別的人或物(但不是全部)，不

others的

能作定語(yǔ)，構(gòu)成some…others…

人或物

the特指其是theother的復(fù)數(shù)形式，特指其余的人或物。

others余

的人或

物

4.Both,all,either,any,neither,none的用法

都任何都不

兩者botheitherneither

兩者（以上）allanynone

如：

1)IhadtobuyallthesebooksbecauseIdidn'tknowwhichonewasthe

best.

2)Itiseasytodotherepair.Allyouneedisahammerandsomenails.

3)IinvitedJoeandLindatodinner,butneitherofthemcame.

4)一Whichofthethreewaysshalltaketothevillage

一Anywayasyouplease.

5)Wehadthreesetsofthegardentoolsandweseemedtohavenouse

forany.

,ones,theone,theones,that,those

one用來(lái)替代前面出現(xiàn)的單數(shù)名詞，是泛指概念相當(dāng)于a/an+單數(shù)名詞；ones

用來(lái)替代前面出現(xiàn)的復(fù)數(shù)名詞，有時(shí)可用that代替(尤其在有后置定語(yǔ)的情況

下)。Theones用來(lái)代替前面的特指的復(fù)數(shù)名詞，有時(shí)可用those代替(尤其在

有后置定語(yǔ)的情況下)。that用來(lái)替代前面出現(xiàn)的特指的單數(shù)可數(shù)名詞或特指的

不可數(shù)名詞，相當(dāng)于the+單數(shù)/不可數(shù)名詞。如：

Mr.Zhanggavemeaveryvaluablepresent,one(=apresent)thatI

haveneverseen.

Mr.Zhanggavememanyvaluablepresents,ones(=manypresents)

thatIhaveneverseen.

Thebookonthedeskisbetterthanthat/theoneunderthedesk.

Thebooksonthedeskarebetterthanthose/theonesunderthedesk.

的用法

用法說(shuō)明例句

1用作人稱(chēng)代詞，指代前面提Thisisnotmybook.ItisMary's.

到的事物

2用來(lái)代替指示代詞this或①一What'sthis

thatItisadictionary.

②一Whosejacketisthat一

Itishers.

3指人①一Whoisknockingatthedoor一

It'sme.

②Thebabynomorecriedassoonasit

sawitsmother.

4指時(shí)間、距離、天氣、環(huán)境①一What'sthetimenow

等It'stenpasteight.

②It'sget