功能對(duì)等理論視角下《國(guó)王的演講》字幕翻譯研究

-1-ChapterOneIntroductionInrecentyears,themovieindustry'sdevelopingtendencyisfasterandfaster.Boththedomesticandtheforeignmovieshavebeenenteringthepeople'slifecontinuously,givingusakindofspiritualenjoymentandwonderfulexperience.“Thedemandforfilmisbecomingmoreandmorehigh,andthefilmsubtitletranslationisessentialtofilmquality[1]69.”Thereisalsoadifferenceintheeffectofthesubtitletranslationinthesamemoviewithdifferenttranslationtheories.Peoplehavedifferentideasandunderstandings,whichdeservetobecomparedandstudied.“TheBigBangTheoryalsohasalotofpopularwordsandexpressions,andbecauseitshowsthelifestoryofscientists,therewillbealotoftechnologicalexpressions[2]68.”Duetothedevelopmentofglobalization,culturesareconstantlycommunicatingandmergingwitheachother.Whenpeopleunderstandforeignfilms,peoplemainlyunderstandthemthroughsubtitles.Therefore,agoodfilmsubtitletranslationmustmeetacertainstandard.However,ifyouwanttoaccuratelyexpressthemeaninginthemovie,itisdifficultforpeople,whohasdifferentculturalbackgrounds,torealizethemeaningofthemovie.“Theresearchonfilmandtelevisionsubtitletranslationalsoappearstobeparticularlyimportantandhasbeendevelopedtoacertainextent[3]146.”Manytranslationtheoriesareworthexploringandstudyingintheapplicationofsubtitletranslation.TheKing'sspeechisaverygoodforeignfilm.Itusesthetheoryoffunctionalequivalencetostudythevocabulary,syntax,text,andstyleoffilmsubtitletranslation,indicatingthedifferencesbetweenChineseandEnglishintranslation.Itssignificanceliesinnotonlyfurtherstudyingonlanguagetranslation,promotingculturalexchanges,butalsopromotingthedevelopmentofthesubtitletranslationculturalindustryandpromotingthedevelopmentofmovies.Sincethebeginningofthe1950s,themoderntranslationtheoryhasbeendevelopingrapidly,andallkindsofschoolsandthoughtshavebeendeveloping.Holmesconsideredtranslationtobeanindependentresearch,whileCornedaconsideredittobethemostimportant.Everymaturetranslationapproachisbasedonsemioticcodinganddecoding.Perhapsthemostinterestingcontributionofmodernlinguisticstotranslationliesinthefactthatthetranslatorshavefreedthemselvesfromthevariousassumptionsandconstraintsofliterature.Asamatteroffact,Liewasthefirstpersonwhoproposedtheequivalencetheory,andNida'sequivalenttheorywasbasedonit.Inspiredbyit,heproposedfunctionalequivalenceinhisbooktranslationtheoryandpracticeatthebeginningof1960s.Bakersaysthatthetranslationprocessshouldn'tbeconfinedtotheoriginaltext,butrathertothetranslation,oreventosomeextent,therolethattheauthorplaysinthetext.Inaddition,ZhaoDandan,Schoolofforeignlanguages,ZhengzhouUniversity,publishedonNida'sfunctionalequivalencetheory,whichbrieflyintroducesthecontent,standardandapplicationscopeofNida's"functionalequivalence"theory.“AndpointsoutthattranslatorsshouldtreatNida'sfunctionalequivalencetheorycorrectlyintheprocessoftranslation,anduseitreasonably[4]169.”(ZhoDandan,1998)Translatorsshouldalsofocusonthefollowingquestions:HowtoapplyNida'sFunctionalEquivalenceTheoryasaguide?Ontheotherhand,ShiXishuandDuPing'sdialecticviewofNida'sfunctionalequivalencecanbeseenintworespects.Functionalequivalencetheoryhasitsprosandconsintermsofitsprosperityanddecline.Otherwise,howcoulditbesoweak?Therefore,thetranslatormusttakeadialecticalapproachtoit.He(Nida,1964)pointsoutthatthetheoryof"functionalequivalence"emphasizes"thereader'sreaction"andregardsitasthestandardoftranslation.However,readersarenotthesame.Youhavehighintelligenceandyoudon'tunderstand.Evenwithinagroup,theyhavedifferentexperiencesandopinionsaboutsomething.Thestandardoftranslationishardtoestablish.Alotofpeoplehaveresearchedit.Ingeneral,theenergyequivalenttheoryisusedtostudytheindividualcases.“Forexample,aliterarytranslation,oramovieorTVseries,andthetranslationofgovernmentworkreports.Thus,thetheoryoffunctionalequivalenceiswidelyapplied[5]63.”Withtheexchangeanddevelopmentofculture,aswellasunderthebackgroundofthegreateraofChina'sreformandopeningup,manyhigh-qualityfilmshavebeenintroducedtoChinaandfavoredbythepeople,whileChina'soutstandingfilmshavealsocomeabroadtospreadChina'soutstandingtraditionalculture.Inthis,subtitletranslationundoubtedlyplaysaroleasalink,andisthebridgebetweenChinesecultureandforeignculturalexchanges.“Studyingthesubtitletranslationoffilmsisconducivetopromotingculturalexchanges,thetransmissionoflanguageaccuracyandauthenticexpression,andthedevelopmentoffilms[6]158.”Inthispaper,thestudyoffilmsubtitletranslationisactuallyanexplorationoflanguageexpressionindifferentculturalbackgrounds.“Itishelpfulforpeopletofurtherstudytranslationtheory,in-depthunderstandingoflanguage,andstimulatepeopletoexplorethetranslationoffilmsubtitles[7]214.”

ChapterTwoOverviewoftheFunctionalEquivalenceTheoryandItsPrinciplesThischapterwillintroducethetheoryusedinthepaper.Itwillbedividedintothreepartstodescribethetheory.ThefirstpartwilldescribethemainideaofFunctionalEquivalenceTheory.Thesecondpartwilltellthedetailsofthefouraspects.ThethirdpartwillintroducetheapplyingofFunctionalEquivalenceTheorytosubtitletranslation.Throughtheintroductionofthispart,itcanmakepeopleacknowledgeFunctionalEquivalenceTheory.Meanwhile,itcanplayafunctionalroleforthefollowingpart.“Onlywhenpeopleknowthetheory,canpeoplehaveagoodunderstandingforthesubtitletranslationtoFunctionalEquivalencetheory[8]35.”2.1OverviewoftheFunctionalEquivalenceFunctionalEquivalenceTheoryisputforwardbyEugeneNida,whoisaneminentstructurallanguagemaster.HedevotedintranslatingthemasterBibleinallhislife.Hedevelopedasetoftheorythatwassuitableforhimself—FunctionalEquivalenceTheory.Andthetheorybecamethemostclassicaltheory.Themainideaisfunctionalequivalencetothetheory.Functionalequivalenceismainlysaidthattranslationshouldreachafunctionalbalancebetweentwolanguageratherthanaliteralbalance.EugeneNidespecifiedthetheoryfromfouraspects.Itmainlyincludedlexicalequivalence,syntacticequivalence,textualequivalence.stylisticequivalence.Inthesefouraspects,hesaidthatmeaningisthemostsignificantforthetranslation.Formisabletohidetheculturalcommunication.Therefore,inliteraturetranslation,translatorshouldreoccurtheculturalmeaningpreciselyfromthefouraspects,whichisregardedastranslationprinciple.Factually,forFunctionalEquivalenceTheory,themostimportantpointistodiminishthedifferencefromthedifferentculturalbackground.Outofidealization,aperfecttranslatingcanembodyboththemeaningofthesourcelanguageandtheculturalconnotation.However,theoddsofdoingthebestishardforthetranslators.Itneeddismisstheformequivalence,andchangetheformtoretainaculturalconnotation.ThispurposeisalsomaindifferencefromSkoposTheory.“Itconveysanaauthenticimpressingtothepeople,whichmakespeopleexperiencetheculturalmeaning[9]15.”2.2FourBasicRulesofFunctionalEquivalenceTheoryThispapermainlydescribesthefouraspectsoflexicalequivalence,sentenceequivalence,textualequivalenceandstylisticequivalence,whicharealsothefouraspectsthattranslatorsoftenconsiderwhentranslating.Thefourprinciplesarethecorebodyofthefunctionalequivalencetheory.Everypartofthetranslationisthemostimportant,fromvocabularytosentencetotextandthentotopic.“Thefollowingwillintroducetheirmaincontentsandtheroletheyplayintranslation[10]69.”Letpeoplehaveamoredetailedunderstandingofthetheoryoffunctionalequivalence,whichwillalsoplayanauxiliaryroleinthelaterdiscussion.2.2.1LexicalEquivalenceLexicalequivalenceisthemostbasicofthefourprinciples.ThispapermainlystudiesEnglishandChinese.Vocabularyisthebasisofsentenceconstructionandanimportantpartoftranslation.Therefore,beforetranslation,peopleneedtomakeclearthedifferencesbetweenEnglishandChinese.Inthisrespect,EnglishandChinesearealmostthesame.Theyhavenouns,verbs,adjectives,adverbsandsoon.OneofthedifferencesisthatEnglishhasarticleswhileChinesehasthenatureofquantifierwords,whichcanbetransformedintranslation.Forexample,sheisateacherofEnglish.ItistranslatedintoChinesetoteachEnglishforhim.Here,teacherisanouninEnglishandbecomesaverbinChinese.Generally,vocabularyhastwomeanings:oneisconceptualmeaning,theotherisconnotativemeaning.Intheprocessoftranslation,mostofthemareequivalentinconceptualmeaning.Itisverydifficulttoachieveequivalenceinconnotation.Completeequivalenceinvocabularyisusuallysomepropernounsorterms,andsomewordsarepartiallycorresponding.Theirmeaningcanbedividedintobroad,narrow,abstractandspecific.Secondly,somewordsareequivalentinconceptandunequalinconnotation.Forexample,catdeliberatelyhasmaliciousconnotationmeaning,butinChinesecathasnosuchmeaning.OwingtothedifferencesbetweenChineseandWesterncultures,somewordsarenotcorrespondingandneedtobeannotatedtoexplainthemeaning.“Therefore,itisverycriticaltochoosewordsintheprocessoftranslation,otherwiseitwillgivepeopleamisunderstanding[11]32.”2.2.2SyntacticEquivalenceSyntacticequivalenceisthesecondlevelinfunctionalequivalencetheory.Asentenceisagrammaticallevelaboveaword.Theeffectivenessofsyntacticequivalencecanbedemonstratedinsomesimplesentences.TheChinesewordorderissubjectpredicate.ThestructureandfunctionofChinesesentencesaresimilartothatofEnglish,buttheyaredifferentwhentheyareusedinsentences.That'soneofthedifferencesbetweenChineseandEnglish.InEnglish,theemphasisisplacedonthemainmeaning,whereasinChinese,itismoreoftenusedtoexpresstheintentionofthetarget.sopeoplehavetochangethewordorderwhentheytranslate.Somecomplicatedsentencesshouldbetranslatedintosimplesentencesaswell.Inordertoachievesyntacticequivalence,thetranslatorsmustmakecertainchoices,astheEnglishlanguagediffersgreatlyfromtheChineselanguage.Whentranslatinglongsentences,thewordordermustbeadjusted,orelseitwillbehardtounderstand.Forexample,inEnglish,theattributeisplacedafterthemodifier.Therefore,itisnecessaryforthetranslatorstomakefurtherexplorationofthesyntacticequivalence.2.2.3StylisticEquivalenceInordertotranslateEnglishintoChinese,thetranslatormustconveynotonlythethoughtcontentbutalsotheliterarystyleoftheoriginaltext.Thestyleofwritingconsistsnotonlyofthelinguisticchangescausedbytime,geography,class,sex,professionandage,butalsoofallkindsoftexts.Therearedifferentclassificationcriteriafortexttypesamongscholars.Les,afunctionalisttranslator,dividesthetextintothreecategories,namely,themessagetransmissionandthepracticaloperation,whichcorrespondtothecommunicationandthepersuasion.Thesegoalsorfunctionsdeterminethetranslationstrategiesandmethods.Evenifitisnotpossibletoestablishadirectsemanticequivalence,thetranslatorshouldselectatranslationthathasthesamestyleastheoriginal.AccordingtoRice,translationisnotonlyascience,butalsoanart.InfluencedbyNida,Rice'stranslationapproachisbasedontheprincipleofequivalence.Inhisview,textisthefoundationoftranslation.AccordingtoRice,translationshouldfocusonthegoalofthetargetlanguage.2.2.4TextualEquivalenceTextistheultimatelanguage.Eachparagraphismadeupofatext,anditslayoutisgenerallythesame,usuallybytheopening.Themaincharacteristicsofthetranslationofatextwhichconsistsofopeningandclosingparagraphsareconsistency,coherenceandcoherenceofsentences.Thetextcanbeasingleword.Toachievetextualequivalence,wemusthaveageneralunderstandingofthesourcetextandthestructureofthewholetext.Itisnecessaryforthetranslatortoanalyzethemeaningofthesourcetext,toanalyzethestyleandtoanalyzethestructure.Itisimportanttoclarifythethemeandthewholeideaoftheoriginaltext,whatthesubjectmatteris,whatideasthewriterhas,andwhoisthereader.Thisisessentialforthetranslationofthetext,anditisalsoabigchallengeforthetranslator.2.3FeasibilityofApplyingFunctionalEquivalenceTheorytoSubtitleTranslationItisfeasibletoapplythetheoryoffunctionalequivalencetosubtitlingtranslation.Theidealconditionoffunctionalequivalenceliesintherealizationoftheformalequivalenceandtheaccuratetransmissionofthethought.Whatitadvocatesistheremovalofthebarriersofunderstandingbroughtaboutbyculturaldifferences.Thetheoryoffunctionalequivalenceistorealizeequivalenceonthelevelofculturemeaning.Moviesarethemostpopularformofentertainment.Peopleattachgreatimportancetosubtitles,andthelinesinmoviesmustbeaccurate.But,becauseoftheimpactofculture,itisnecessarytotakeintoaccounttheunderstandingandagreementofculture,whichisalsothetheoryoffunctionalequivalence.Thetheoryoffunctionalequivalenceemphasizescontentfirstandformsecond,whichisofgreatimportancetothetargetaudienceasfaraspossible.Thebiggestbeneficiaryofthefilmindustryistheviewer.Thiskindofacceptancetargetisthoughtful,anditisalsoacrucialfactorintheboxofficeasaninterpreter.Mostimportantly,weshouldtakeintoaccounttheaudience'sunderstandingandthinking,andalsopayattentiontotherealexpressionoftheoriginalcontent.Bothfactorsmustbetakenintoaccountinordertoobtainthegreatestpossibleagreement.FunctionalEquivalenceTheoryisjustinthissense,anditadvocatesanequivalenceofcontent,whichemphasizesonthemeaningandspiritoftheoriginaltext.Therefore,thestudyoffunctionalequivalencetheoryanditsapplicationinsubtitlingtranslationisofgreatsignificancetotheimprovementofmoviequalityandboxoffice.ChapterThreeCharacteristicsoftheFilmandTelevisionSubtitleTranslation3.1Space-timeConstraintsFromthepointofviewoftime,sincetheappearanceanddisappearanceofthesubtitlesshouldbeidenticaltothebeginningandtheendofthetext,itisnecessaryforthetranslatortodisclosetheemotionsofthecharacters.Inspace,subtitlingreferstothetranslationorannotationofaforeignwordunderthecurrentscreenortelevisionscreen,sothereisalimitationinspace.Becauseoftheseconstraints,thetranslatormustexpresshismindtothefullestinalimitedtimeandspace.Therefore,histranslationisconcise,elegantandpopular,andsuitableforallages.3.2AnglicizationConsideringthecharacteristicsofthemoviesubtitlesshortstay,colloquialtranslationstrategyismoreconducivetotheaudienceinashorttimerangetograsptheplotofthefilm,inthefilmtheKing'sspeechprinceAlbertteasedbythedoctor,soinordertoimprovehisstutteringseriousphenomenonofAlbertamonggreentothelanguagetherapistMrRoger,whentherapistMrRogeraskedtheladyaftertoldhertoletherhusbandinajob,don'thavetoengageinthespeech,sojokinglysaid"Indenturedservitude".Thisphrasedirectlytranslatedreferstothecontractslaverysystem,onceundertheinfluenceofthissystem,theinfluenceoftheBritishmainlymanyEuropeanlaborfromEuropetotheirmanycolonies,thispartofthepeopleimmigratedtoaroundmanyhavetopaymoneyandtheirfutureearningsascollateral,andlanguagetherapistrogerheretoherhusbandforcontractslaves.Consideringthelackofknowledge,thetranslatorusesthetool-basedtranslationstrategytotranslateitas"contractwork",whichisnotonlyeasytounderstand,andhasachievedthesamefunctionastheoriginaltext.3.3CulturalConversionLanguageisacross-cultureexchange.Itisnotonlyalinguisticexchange,butalsoaculturalfusion.Everycountryhasitsownlanguage,culture,behavior,manners,andthinkingstyle.So,wemustconsiderthesefactorswhentranslating.Forinstance,whentranslatingtheaddress,theChinesealwaysputthebigonefirstandthelittlethelast,whiletheforeignersalwaysputthesmallonefirstandthebigonethelast.Therefore,itisnecessaryfortranslatorstotakenoteofthelinguisticdifferencesintranslationinordertoreachthegoalofaccuratetranslation.ChapterFourSubtitleTranslationoftheKing'sSpeechBasedontheTheoryofFunctionalEquivalenceInthischapter,wediscussthesubtitlingoftheKing'sSpeech.Thischapterwillbemadeupofthreesections.ThefirstpartintroducesTheKing'sSpeech.Thismovieallowedpeopletogetaroughideaofwhatthemoviewasabout.Secondly,basedonthetheoryoffunctionalequivalence,theauthormakesafurtherstudyonthesubtitlingtranslationfromfouraspects:lexicalequivalence,syntacticequivalence,textualequivalenceandstylisticequivalence.Inthethirdpart,theauthordiscussesthetranslationtacticsofthemoviesubtitletranslation,whichwillbedividedintothreeparts,soastomakepeopleknowhowtoapplythestrategytothesubtitles.Throughthediscussioninthischapter,peoplewillhaveaprofoundunderstandingofthesubject.Peoplecanfocusmoreonthisproblem.Peoplecanthinkaboutthesubject,andtheyhavetheirownideas.4.1AnalysisofCaptionTranslationBasedonWordEquivalence4.1.1AdditionMethodTheKing'sSpeechisusedextensively.Moreover,theequivalenceofwordsisalwaystheprincipleofsubtitletranslation.Readers'comprehensionofthesubtitleswillbeequivalenttovocabulary.Properlanguageandpropercontextarewhatmakesagoodmovie.Viewerswillalsoexperiencetheexperienceofbeingonthespot.Next,theauthorwillexamineitfromseveralpointsofview.InthemovietheKing'sSpeech,thefirstandmostimportantwordequivalentisthecorrecttranslationofnouns.（1）WelcometoWembleyStadiumforEmpireExhibitionClosingCeremony.InwhichhisRoyalHighness從溫布利體育場(chǎng)向你轉(zhuǎn)播帝國(guó)博覽會(huì)的閉幕式（2）Andtoday,hisyoungerbrotherhisRoyalHighness,theDukeofYork今天他的年輕弟弟約克公爵殿下（3）Hewillmakehisopeningaddresstothenationandtheworld.我們已經(jīng)準(zhǔn)備做好的演講,將聲音傳到了大英帝國(guó)的全世界Theabovethreeexamplesentencesaddprepositionsandconjunctions,whichbelongstothegrammaticaladditionaltranslation.ThereasonforthisisthatEnglishisalanguagethatattachesgreatimportancetologic,sothetranslationistomakethetranslationmoresmooth.4.1.2Omission（1）Icancureyourhusband.我可以為您丈夫治療。（2）Therecordingisfree.錄音是免費(fèi)的。Peoplecanrecognizethattheyarenotcompletelyequalintermsofvocabulary,buttheycangetaroughideaofwhatheistryingtoconvey.Actually,itisakindofimplicitmeaningorlexicalfunctioninaparticularcontext,anditalsoreflectsthepolysemybetweenEnglishandChinesewords.InChinese,therewillbemorethanonesetofwordsperword,andinEnglish,onewordcanalsohavemorethanone.Howtoconveythemeaningcorrectlyindifferentcontextsisahugechallengefortranslators,anditisnecessarytomakeconstantexplorationinordertoachieveabettertranslation.Improperuseoflanguageoftenresultsinmisunderstanding.Insubtitlingtranslation,theimproperuseofwordscancausethemovie'smeaningtobedistorted,andthemovie'squalitywillbeaffected.Therefore,itisessentialtounderstandtheoverallmeaningofthemovieandthecontextinwhichthewordsarespoken,soasnottomakeanyunnecessarymistakes.4.1.3LiteralTranslation（1）I'msureyou'llbewonderful.Takethetime.您一定會(huì)取得很好的成績(jī)，請(qǐng)不要著急Smokingcanmakeyoufeelrelaxedandconfident.抽煙可以舒緩壓力，讓你有自信Itcanbeseenfromthesesentencesthatthewordsandwordsaretranslatedinonetoone,andthereisnoimplicitmeaningwhichcanbeunderstooddirectlybypeople.4.2AnalysisofCaptionTranslationinLightofSyntacticEquivalence4.2.1AdditionMethodIntheKing'sSpeechmovie,theequivalenceofsentencesisnotoutstanding.Butitcanstillreflectthisproperty.（1）You'llbeontheairin2minutes.YourRoyalHighness兩分鐘后，殿下將為您進(jìn)行現(xiàn)場(chǎng)直播。（2）Combattheballs,YourRoyalHighness.與彈球抗?fàn)帲钕拢?）AlittlemoreconcentrationyourRoyalHighne您還要再集中精力（4）Excusemefornothavingareception.Iliketokeepthingssimple.對(duì)不起，這里沒(méi)有接待人員我希望一切都簡(jiǎn)潔一點(diǎn)ItiseasytoseethatthetranslationofChinesehasadjustedthewordorder,whichisinlinewiththeChineselanguage.Thesesentencesaccuratelyconveythemessageandemotionofthemovietotheaudience,sothattheaudiencecanfeeltheemotionofthemovieunderthedifferentculturalbackground.Thoughtheyarenotequivalentinform,theyconveytheculturalmeaningcorrectly.ThisisalsowhatthesupportersofEugeneNida'stheoryoffunctionalequivalencehaveadvocated.Intheabsenceofunityofformandculturecontent,formalequivalenceisdiscarded,andculturalcontextshouldbetakenintoaccountwhenexpressingcertainsentences.Differentcultureswillresultindifferentinterpretations.Therefore,thetranslatorsshoulddotheirhomeworkinordertomakeaccuratetranslation.Moreover,theaudiencewillsoonbeabletounderstandthemovie,ascanbeseenfromthewordsbelow.4.2.2Omission（1）Ineedtrustandtotalequalityhereinthesafetyofmyconsultationroom我是在治療室這里的,獲得真正的尊重和公正對(duì)待不會(huì)有例外（2）Istoarriveatareasonedtranquility...withinourborders,toregainprosperityinthistimeofdepressionwithoutself-seeking充分安定社會(huì),在大蕭條的局面下重新重獲國(guó)家繁榮（3）Andtocarrywithusthosewhomtheburdenofpastyearshasdisheartenedoroverborne.不再自私自利，努力幫助那些過(guò)去幾年受苦的人們ItiseasytoseethatthetranslationofChinesehasadjustedthewordorder,whichisinlinewiththeChineselanguage.Thesesentencesaccuratelyconveythemessageandemotionofthemovietotheaudience,sothattheaudiencecanfeeltheemotionofthemovieunderthedifferentculturalbackground.Althoughtheydonothavethesameform,theyconveytheculturalmeaningcorrectly.ThisisalsowhattheproponentsofEugeneNida'stheoryoffunctionalequivalencehaveadvocated.Intheabsenceofunityofformandculture,formalequivalenceisusuallydiscarded,andtheexpressionofcertainsentencesshouldtakeintoaccounttheculturalcontext.Differentcultureswillresultindifferentinterpretations.Therefore,thetranslatorsshoulddotheirhomeworkinordertomakeaccuratetranslation.Moreover,theaudiencewillsoonbeabletounderstandthemovie,ascanbeseenfromthewordsbelow.4.2.3LiteralTranslation（1）It'stheclassicapproachthatcuredDemosthenes.德摩斯梯尼使用這樣的方法治療好了結(jié)巴(古希臘的雄辯家)（2）ThatwasinAncientGreece.Hasitworkedsince?可那事在古希臘之后又有什么案例了呢Now,please,read.Lotsofwords.請(qǐng)您仔細(xì)閱讀以下的詞語(yǔ)。Asaresult,syntacticequivalenceisagreatchallengefortranslators,anditdemandsadeeperlevelofacademicattainment.Onlybyconstantlyinnovatingandexploring,canwecommunicatecultureandemotionbetter.4.3AnalysisofCaptionTranslationBasedonStyleEquivalence4.3.1AdditionMethodTheequivalenceofstylereferstothetranslationofthetextinaccordancewiththedifferenttypesofsubjects.Itsmainfunctionistoprovidetheaudiencewithasenseofacceptanceofvisionorhearing,sothatthehumanbodycanunderstandtherelationsanddifferencesamonglanguages.Subtitlingtranslation,inanarrowsense,referstothedifferentkindsoffilms.Filmscanbeclassifiedintoactionfilms,suspensefilms,horrorfilms,etc.Thenthesubtitletranslationofthemoviewillbedifferentindifferentthemes.Hisfocusisdifferent.Moreover,themainthemeisdifferent,andthesubtitletranslationshouldbebasedonthesubjectmatter.TheKing'sSpeechisabiographicalstory,whichmainlydescribesthefigures,displaysthecharacters'features,andthelanguageisvivid.Thedialoguebelowisagoodone.（1）Ididn'tcomeheretotalkaboutpersonalthings.我來(lái)這不是為了談?wù)撍饺藛?wèn)題（2）Oneofmymanyfaults.我的缺點(diǎn)之一（3）Whendidthedefectstart?什么時(shí)候開(kāi)始結(jié)巴的？（4）That'showIalwayswas!從小到大，我都是如此！Thismovieisdifferentfromothermoviesinthatithasaclosingspeech,whichisnotthesameasthatinmoviesandmovies.Intermsoftextualequivalence,thesubtitletranslationshouldbemoreformalandstrong.4.3.2OmissionOmissionisoneoftheotherstrategiesusedintranslation.Italsoleavesoutthewordsthatarenecessaryintheoriginalbutnotinthetranslation.Tosomeextent,itdoesn'taccordwiththenotionofequivalenceoffunctionalequivalence.Nevertheless,itsatisfiespeople'sunderstandingofthelinguisticexpression.Whateverlanguageisused,ithastomeettherequirementsofthetruelanguage.Thisideaismainlyintendedtomaketheaudienceunderstandorunderstandthefilm.Thisisalsoconsistentwiththetheoryofculturalequivalence.Omissioncanbeclassifiedintotwosituations:grammaticalandrhetorical.Therefore,itispossibletocarryoutEnglish-ChineseTranslationonthepremisethatitdoesnotharmtheaccuracy.Inordertomakethetranslationmoreconciseandclear,somewordswillbeomittedinaccordancewiththespecificcircumstances.（1）Ican'tgowithyou.Iamconfusedanddonotunderstand我一點(diǎn)也不明白你的意思（2）IhopeIwillmakegoodashehasmadegood.要是我也能像父王一樣做個(gè)好國(guó)王就好了Fromacertainpointofview,thestrategyofomissioniscarriedoutinaccordancewiththedifferenceofEnglishandChinese,soastomeettheneedsoflogicincomprehension,sothatthesentencescanbemorefluentandnatural.4.3.3LiteralTranslationAndmynationsontheothersideofthesea,whoshallmakeourcausetheirown.海外同胞，眾志成城Iaskthemtoremaincalm,firm,andunitedinthistimeoftrial.我期望他們能沉著而堅(jiān)定，在歷盡風(fēng)霜之后齊心協(xié)力向前（3）Thetaskwillbedifficult.Perhapstherewillbedarkdaysahead這項(xiàng)任務(wù)將是艱巨的，前途一片灰暗（4）Warisnotlimitedtothefieldofbattle.戰(zhàn)斗的范圍，也就不會(huì)被限制在第一線(xiàn)了。Butwecanonlydotherightthingwhenwesee