選修7unit1grammar市公開課一等獎(jiǎng)省賽課微課金獎(jiǎng)?wù)n件

RevisetheInfinitive

Unit1Grammar1/69Martysays…2.ThenIstartedtogetweakerandweaker,…Unfortunately,thedoctorsdon’tknowhowtomakemebetter,butIamveryoutgoingandhavelearnedtoadaptto

mydisability.3.Evenafterallthat,noonecouldgivemydiseaseanameanditisdifficulttoknowwhatthefutureholds.Sentencesfromthisunit:2/694.Sometimes,too,Iwastooweaktogotoschoolsomyeducationsuffered.6.MyambitionistoworkforafirmthatdevelopscomputersoftwarewhenIgrowup.Martysays…5.IamhappytohavefoundmanythingsIcando,likewritingandcomputerprogramming.3/69Martysays…7.LastyearIinvented…andabigcompanyhasdecidedtobuyitfromme.8.Ihaveaverybusylifewithnotimetositaroundfeelingsorryformyself.10.Justacceptthemforwhotheyare,andgivethemencouragementtoliveasrichandfullalifeasyoudo.9.Tolookaftermypetsproperlytakesalotoftime…4/69不定式由“to+動(dòng)詞原形”組成,其否定形式是“not/nevertodo”,不定式能夠帶賓語或狀語組成不定式短語,沒有些人稱和數(shù)改變,但有時(shí)態(tài)和語態(tài)改變。不定式能夠作主語、賓語、狀語、表語和定語，但不能單獨(dú)作謂語。不定式邏輯主語有時(shí)用“for+名詞或代詞賓格”組成。不定式5/69動(dòng)詞不定式作用

FunctionsofInfinitive

1主語(subject)2表語(predicative)3賓語(object)4賓補(bǔ)(objectcomplement)5定語(attribute)6狀語(adverbial)

7獨(dú)立結(jié)構(gòu)(absoluteconstruction)

6/69一、不定式作主語(subject)Tokeepsmiling

ishealthyforyou.It’simportanttolookupthenewwordsinthedictionary

whenyoustudyEnglish.單個(gè)不定式作主語時(shí),謂語動(dòng)詞用單數(shù)。若不定式太長(zhǎng),往往用it作形式主語,不定式后置。7/69Myjobtoprotecttheworld.Yourtaskisto_____________.is二、不定式作表語(predicative)8/69

Seeingistobelieve.Toseeisbelieving.Seeingisbelieving.Toseeistobelieve.×√√×不定式慣用在系動(dòng)詞be,seem,appear,get,remain等后作表語。Allyouhavetodois(to)finishthejobquickly.假如主語部分有個(gè)表示不定式內(nèi)容do,用作表語不定式可省略to。9/69JeremyLinlikestoplay

basketball.Thegirldecidedtodoitherself.Wehopetogettherebeforedark.三、不定式作賓語(object)10/69常接動(dòng)詞不定式作賓語動(dòng)詞有：agree,afford,appear,ask,attempt,care,choose,claim,dare,decide,demand,deserve,determine,expect,fail,get,hate,hesitate,hope,hurry,intend,learn,manage,offer,plan,prepare,pretend,promise,refuse,seem,tend,threaten,want,wish11/69四、不定式作賓補(bǔ)(objectcomplement)Mymumasksmetoplaythepiano

twohourseveryday.12/69Theteachertoldmetocleantheblackboard.Iexpectyoutogivemesomehelp.引導(dǎo)不定式作賓補(bǔ)動(dòng)詞：warn,tell,allow,help,ask,force等+sb.todosth.13/69

noticelistentohear

watch五看see

lookat

observe三使

let

make

have

二聽一感覺:

feel+sb.dosth.（不帶to）14/691.Theysawtheboyfallsuddenlyfromthetree.Theboywasseentofallsuddenlyfromthetree.當(dāng)以上動(dòng)詞用于被動(dòng)式，to要還原：MothermadeJohnwashthecarforaweek.Johnwasmadetowashthecarforaweek.15/69不定式做賓補(bǔ)時(shí)不帶to情況1不定式在感官動(dòng)詞(feel,hear,listento,watch,lookat,notice,observe)后；2

使役動(dòng)詞(let,have,make)后邊作賓補(bǔ)時(shí),省去to,不過在被動(dòng)語態(tài)中要還原to；16/693不定式用在介詞but,except,besides后時(shí),假如這些介詞前有行為動(dòng)詞do各種形式,那么介詞后不定式不帶to,相反則帶to。1)Shecoulddonothingbutcry.2)Ihavenochoicebuttogo.3)Whatdoyouliketodo

besidessleep.17/69五、不定式作定語(attribute)1.Kateislookingforasuitablecoattowear.2.Tomhasanicepentowritewith.18/691.不定式做定語時(shí)常放在被修飾名詞或代詞之后(a)Shewasverybusyandhadnotime

tovisitherfriends.(b)

Ladiesandgentlemen,Ihavesomethingimportanttotellyou.不定式作定語19/69不定式作定語與所修飾詞之間有三種關(guān)系：Ihavealotofworktodo.我有很多工作要做。Heisalwaysthefirsttocome.他總是第一個(gè)來。Weallhaveachancetogotocollege.我們都有上大學(xué)機(jī)會(huì)。(1)動(dòng)賓關(guān)系(2)主謂關(guān)系(3)同位關(guān)系20/692.當(dāng)被thefirst,thelast,theonly等詞以及形容詞最高級(jí)修飾時(shí)eg:

Sheisalwaysthefirsttocomeandthelasttoleave.3.something,anything,nothing,everything等復(fù)合不定代詞慣用不定式做后置定語。eg:I’vegrownsocrazyabouteverythingtodowithnature.21/69注意比較：1)Haveyouanythingtosend?你有什么東西要寄嗎？2)Haveyouanythingtobesent?你有什么要（我或他人）寄東西嗎？

（不定式tosend動(dòng)作執(zhí)行者是you）（不定式tobesent動(dòng)作執(zhí)行者是已被省略me或someoneelse）22/695.假如不定式是不及物動(dòng)詞,則后面需適當(dāng)介詞。Pleasepassmesomepapertowrite____.on4.也可用在have…todo和therebe句型中。Thereisnoonetotakecareofher.Ihavenojewelrytowear.23/69Igotupearlyto_____________.

Youcamehereto________.inorderto,soasto,enoughto,onlyto,too...tocatchthetrain六、不定式作狀語(adverbial)在一些短語中也有表達(dá)24/69eg:Hespokeloudly(soas/inorder)tobeheard.1)表示目標(biāo):toinordertosoasto不定式作狀語25/692)表示原因:不定式能夠用在作表語形容詞后作狀語,sorry,surprised,happy,glad,eager,angry,foolish,right,wrong,slow,quick,rude,cruel,disappointed

等。eg:I’mglad/pleasedtoseeyou.Weweresurprisedtohearthenews.26/69so+adj./adv.+astodo…such+n.+astodo…adj./adv.+enough+todotoo+adv./adj.+todoHewassofoolishastobelieveit.=Hewassuchafoolastobelieveit.=Hewasfoolishenoughtobelieveit.3)結(jié)果狀語:27/69Totellthetruth,Iamnothappyatthemoment.tobefranktobehonesttotellthetruth七、獨(dú)立結(jié)構(gòu)(absoluteconstruction)

28/691.Itisgoodtohelpothers.2.Itismyambitiontomakesurethatthedisabledpeopleinourneighborhoodhaveaccesstoallpublicbuildings.3.MyambitionistoworkinthecomputerindustrywhenIgrowup.Identifyitsfunction.(subject)(subject)(predicative)想一想29/694.Idon’thavetimetositaroundfeelingsorryformyself.5.Iamtheonlystudentinmyclasstohaveapetsnake.6.Abigcompanyhasdecidedtobuyitfromme.7.MyfellowstudentshavebeguntoacceptmeforwhoIam.(attribute)(attribute)(object)(object)30/698.Ihavehadtoworkhardtoliveanormallife.9.SomedaysIamtootiredtogetoutofbed.10.Wemustcallonlocalgovernmentto

givefinancialassistancetodisabled

people.(adverbial)(adverbial)(objectcomplement)31/69動(dòng)詞不定式時(shí)態(tài)和語態(tài)時(shí)態(tài)主動(dòng)被動(dòng)普通時(shí)進(jìn)行時(shí)完成時(shí)完成進(jìn)行時(shí)todotohavedonetobedoingtohavebeendoingtobedonetohavebeendone32/69(1)Theypretendednottoseeus.(2)Hepretendedtobesleeping.(3)Shepretendedtohaveknownitbefore.(普通時(shí)表示與謂語動(dòng)作同時(shí)/幾乎/發(fā)生在它之后。)(在謂語動(dòng)詞發(fā)生同時(shí),不定式動(dòng)作也正在進(jìn)行。)(完成時(shí)表示動(dòng)作發(fā)生在謂語動(dòng)作之前。)(4)We’rehappytohavebeenworkingwith

you.(完成進(jìn)行時(shí)表示謂語動(dòng)作發(fā)生之前,不定式動(dòng)作一直在進(jìn)行而且可能之后也繼續(xù)。)33/69不定式時(shí)態(tài)

不定式普通時(shí)todo

Iamgladtoseeyou.Hehasdecidedtogivehersomemoney.

表示動(dòng)作通常與謂語所表示動(dòng)作或狀態(tài)同時(shí)或者幾乎同時(shí)發(fā)生，或是在它之后發(fā)生。34/69不定式進(jìn)行時(shí)tobedoingIamverygladtobeworkingwithyou.Hepretendedtobeworkinghardwhenhisbosspassedhim.表示動(dòng)作通常與謂語動(dòng)詞表示動(dòng)作同時(shí)發(fā)生。35/69不定式完成時(shí)tohavedoneHehappenedtohaveseenthefilmbefore.ThenovelisbelievedtohavebeentranslatedintoChinese.不定式所表示動(dòng)作發(fā)生在謂語動(dòng)作或狀態(tài)之前。36/69Hewantedtohavemetyouattheairport,buthedidn’tgetthereintime.表示過去沒有實(shí)現(xiàn)期待或者計(jì)劃hoped,promised,wanted,wished,expected,planned…Hewouldliketohaveplayedtheviolinattheconcert.不定式完成時(shí)在wouldlike后邊表示未能實(shí)現(xiàn)愿望。

37/69不定式語態(tài)主動(dòng)語態(tài)todo被動(dòng)語態(tài)tobedoneItisanhonorformetobeinvitedtoattendthemeeting.Everyonelikestheherotobepraised.38/691.prefern.(doing)ton.(doing)2.prefertodosth.ratherthandosth.3.wouldratherdo4.wouldrather+句子（虛擬語氣）5.advise/allow/permit/forbidsb.todoadvise/allow/permit/forbiddoing固定詞組和句型39/69幾對(duì)易混同詞組：stoptodosth.停下來去做某事doingsth.停頓做某事forgettodosth.忘記去做某事doingsth.忘記已做了某事remembertodosth.記得去做某事doingsth.記得曾經(jīng)做某事40/69Thequestionisverydifficulttoanswer.Theproblemisdifficulttodealwith.1.主語+be+adj.+todo能用于此句型形容詞有:difficult,easy,comfortable,fit,hard,pleasant,tiresome(使人疲勞),interesting,nice,heavy,dangerous,light,important,etc.主動(dòng)形式表被動(dòng)意義不定式41/69Theboxislightenoughtocarry.Theriverwateriswarmenoughto

swimin.2.主語+be+adj.+enough+todoThebooksseemedtooheavytocarry.Theiceistoothintoskateon.3.主語+be+too+adj.+todo42/691.LastsummerItookacourseon_____.A.howtomakedressesB.howdressesbemadeC.howtobemadedressesD.howdressestobemade43/692.I’veworkedwithchildrenbefore,soIknowwhat_____inmynewjob.A.expectedB.toexpectC.tobeexpectingD.expects3.Therearefivepairs_____,butIamatalosswhichtobuy.AtobechosenBtochoosefromCtochooseDforchoosing44/694.Ifindtheseproblemsareeasy_____.A.tobeworkedoutB.toworkthemoutC.toworkoutD.tobeworkedthemout5._____lateinthemorning,Bobturnedoffthealarm.A.TosleepB.SleepingC.SleepD.Havingslept45/696.Tomkeptquietabouttheaccident_____losehisjob.A.sonotastoB.soasnottoC.soastonotD.notsoasto7.Thepatientwaswarned_____oilyfoodaftertheoperation.A.toeatnotB.eatingnotC.nottoeatD.noteating46/69Review不定式能夠作主語、表語、賓語、賓補(bǔ)、狀語和定語。不定式完成時(shí)：to+have+動(dòng)詞過去分詞不定式被動(dòng)式：to+be+動(dòng)詞過去分詞47/69Individualactivity注:另附word文檔。點(diǎn)擊此處鏈接48/691.____thiscake,you’llneed2eggs,175gsugarand175gflour.(廣東)A.HavingmadeB.MakeC.TomakeD.MakingI.Multiplechoice.49/692.LeonardodaVinci(1452-1519)_____birdskeptincagesinordertohavethepleasureofsettingthemfree.(重慶)A.issaidtobebuyingB.issaidtohaveboughtC.hadsaidtobuyD.hassaidtohavebought50/693.Ilikegettingupveryearlyinsummer.Themorningairissogood______.(全國)A.tobebreathedB.tobreatheC.breathingD.beingbreathed4.–Didthebookgivetheinformationyouneeded?–Yes.But______it,Ihadtoreadtheentirebook.(北京)A.tofindB.findC.tofindingD.finding51/695.Davidthreatened_______hisneighbortothepoliceifthedamageswerenotpaid.(上海)A.tobereportedB.reportingC.toreportD.havingreported6.Withtheworldchangingfast,wehavesomethingnew_______withallbyourselveseveryday.(重慶)A.dealB.dealtC.todealD.dealing52/697.Thechildrenallturned_______thefamousactressassheenteredtheclassroom.(全國I)A.lookedatB.tolookatC.tolookingatD.lookat8.Allofthemtrytousethepoweroftheworkstation______informationinamoreeffectiveway.(北京)A.presentingB.presentedC.beingpresentedD.topresent53/699.WithFather’sDayaroundthecorner,Ihavetakensomemoneyoutofthebank______presentsformydad.(全國I)A.buyB.tobuyC.buyingD.tohavebought10.Wewereastonished______thetemplestillinitsoriginalcondition.(遼寧)A.findingB.tofindC.findD.tobefound54/6911.Ihavealotofreadings_______beforetheendofthisterm.(山東)A.completingB.tocompleteC.completedD.beingcompleted12.Inmanypeople’sopinion,thatcompany,thoughrelativelysmall,ispleasant_______.(四川)A.todealwithB.dealingwithC.tobedealtwithD.dealtwith55/6913.HarrisonFordisthoughttobeoneofthefewmoviestars______asacarpenterbefore.(上海春)

A.towork

B.tobeworking

C.tohaveworked

D.tohavebeenworking56/6914.ThedifferenceinthicknessandweightfromtheearlierversionmakestheiPad2morecomfortable______.(福建)A.held

B.holding

C.beheld

D.tohold15.Theability______anideaisasimportantastheideaitself.(湖南)A.expressing

B.expressed

C.toexpress

D.tobeexpressed57/6916.Havingfinishedherproject,shewasinvitedbytheschool_____tothenewstudents.(江西)A.speakingB.havingspokenC.tospeakD.tohavespoken17.Thismachineisveryeasy______.Anybodycanlearntouseitinafewminutes.(遼寧)A.operatingB.tobeoperatingC.operatedD.tooperate58/6918.Volunteeringgivesyouachance_____lives,includingyourown.(北京)A.change B.changing C.changed D.tochange19.Istoppedthecar_____ashortbreakasIwasfeelingtired.(山東)

A.take B.taking C.totake D.taken59/6920._____warmatnight,Iwouldfillthewoodstove,thensetmyalarmclockformidnightsoIcouldrefillit.(湖南)A.Staying B.Stayed C.Tostay D.Stay60/691.愛和被愛都是最大幸福。____________________arebothgreathappiness.2.聽說他已經(jīng)完成了他工作。Heissaid_________________________________.3.依據(jù)報(bào)道他們已安全抵達(dá)。Theyarereported___________________.Toloveandtobelovedtohavefinished/completedhisworkII.Translation.tohavearrivedsafely61/694.我想叫人立刻修理這輛自行車。Iwantthisbike___________________________________.5.瑪莉好像已經(jīng)被通知此事了。Maryseemed______________________.6.眾所周知，奧運(yùn)會(huì)上他被授予了一枚金牌。Heisknown_________________agoldmedalattheOlympics.toberepairedatonce