英語譯林版（皖湘專用）必修5導(dǎo)學(xué)筆記Unit1單元加餐練（一）

單元加餐練(一)Ⅰ.閱讀理解A(2018·山西沂州一中高二月考)Facialexpressionscarrymeaningthatisdeterminedbysituationsandrelationships.Forexample，inAmericanculturethesmileisingeneralanexpressionofpleasure.Yetitalsohasotheruses.Awoman’ssmileatapoliceofficerdoesnotcarrythesamemeaningasthesmileshegivestoayoungchild.Asmilemayshowloveorpoliteness.Itcanalsohidetruefeelings.Itoftencausesconfusionacrosscultures.Forexample，manypeopleinRussiaconsidersmilingatstrangersinpublictobeunusualandevenimproper.YetmanyAmericanssmilefreelyatstrangersinpublicplaces(althoughthisislessmoninbigcities).SomeRussiansbelievethatAmericanssmileinthewrongplaces;someAmericansbelievethatRussiansdon’tsmileenough.InSoutheastAsianculture，asmileisfrequentlyusedtocoverpainfulfeelings.Vietnamesepeoplemaytellasadstorybutendthestorywithasmile.Ourfacesshowemotions，butweshouldnotattemptto“read”peoplefromanothercultureaswewould“read”someonefromourownculture.Thefactthatmembersofoneculturedonotexpresstheiremotionsasopenlyasmembersofanotherdodoesnotmeanthattheydonotexperienceemotions.Rather，thereareculturaldifferencesintheamountoffacialexpressionspermitted.Forexample，inpublicandinformalsituationsmanyJapanesedonotshowtheiremotionsasfreelyasAmericansdo.Whenwithfriends，JapaneseandAmericansseemtoshowtheiremotionssimilarly.ItisdifficulttogeneralizeaboutAmericansandfacialexpressivenessbecauseofpersonalandculturaldifferencesintheUnitedStates.PeoplefromcertainculturalbackgroundsintheUnitedStatesseemtobemorefaciallyexpressivethanothers.Thekeyistotrynottojudgepeoplewhosewaysofshowingemotionsaredifferent.Ifwejudgeaccordingtoourownculturalhabits，wemaymakethemistakeof“reading”theotherpersonincorrectly.語篇解讀本文闡述了面部表情的種種表現(xiàn)形式，以及文化之間的差異導(dǎo)致的面部表情的含義不同。1.WhatdoesthesmileusuallymeanintheU.S.?A.Joy. B.Politeness.C.Love. D.Thankfulness.答案A解析細(xì)節(jié)理解題。由第一段第二句“Forexample，inAmericanculturethesmileisingeneralanexpressionofpleasure.”可知，在美國文化中，一般地說，微笑是快樂的表情。此處joy是pleasure的同義詞。故選A。2.TheauthormentionsthesmileoftheVietnamesetoprovethatsmilecan.A.showfriendlinesstostrangersB.beusedtohidetruefeelingsC.beusedinthewrongplacesD.showpersonalhabits答案B解析推理判斷題。根據(jù)第一段中的“Itcanalsohidetruefeelings.”和“InSoutheastAsianculture，asmileisfrequentlyusedtocoverpainfulfeelings.”可知選B。3.Whatshouldwedobeforeattemptingto“read”people?A.Learnabouttheirrelationswithothers.B.Figureoutwhattheywilldonext.C.Findoutabouttheirpastexperience.D.Understandtheirculturalbackgrounds.答案D解析推理判斷題。根據(jù)最后一段中的最后兩句可知，我們在“讀”人們的表情的時候，要理解他們的文化背景，否則，就會出錯。所以選D。4.Whatwouldbethebesttitleforthetext?A.CulturalDifferencesB.SmilesandRelationshipC.FacialExpressivenessD.HabitsandEmotions答案C解析標(biāo)題歸納題。文章闡述了面部表情的種種表現(xiàn)形式，以及文化之間的差異導(dǎo)致的面部表情的含義不同。所以C項正確。B(2017·山東微山一中高二月考)Itmayhelpyoutoknowthatthereisnosuchthingasaperfectspeech.Atsomepointineveryspeech，everyspeakersayssomethingthatisnotunderstoodexactlyashehasplanned.Fortunately，suchmomentsareusuallynotobvioustothelisteners，why？Becausethelistenersdonotknowwhatthespeakerplanstosay，theyhearonlywhatthespeakerdoessay.Ifyouloseyourplaceforamoment，wronglychangetheorderofacoupleofsentences，orforgettopauseatacertainpoint，noonewillbeanythewiser.Whensuchmomentsoccur，don’tworryaboutthem.Justcontinueasifnothinghappened.Evenifyoudomakeanobviousmistakeduringaspeech，thatdoesn’treallymatter.IfyouhaveeverlistenedtoMartinLutherKing’sfamousspeech—“Ihaveadream”，youmaynoticethathestumblesoverhiswordstwiceduringthespeech.Mostlikely，however，youdon’tremember.Why？Becauseyouwerefixingyourattentiononhismessageratherthanonhiswayofspeechmaking.Peoplecarealotaboutmakingmistakesinaspeechbecausetheyregardspeechmakingasakindofperformanceratherthanasanactofmunication.Theyfeelthelistenersarelikejudgesinaniceskatingpetition.But，infact，thelistenersarenotlookingforaperfectperformance.Theyarelookingforawellthoughtoutspeechthatexpressesthespeaker’sideasclearlyanddirectly.Sometimesamistakeortwocanactuallyincreaseaspeaker’sattractivenessbymakinghimmorehuman.Asyouworkonyourspeech，don’tworryaboutbeingperfect.Onceyoufreeyourmindofthis，youwillfinditmucheasiertogiveyourspeechfreely.eq\x(語篇解讀世界上沒有完美的演講，所以即使你在演講中出點小錯誤也是不要緊的。)5.Theunderlinedpartinthefirstparagraphmeansthatnoonewill.A.besmarterthanyouB.dobetterthanyouC.noticeyourmistakesD.knowwhatyouaretalkingabout答案C解析詞義猜測題。根據(jù)畫線部分下一句“Whensuchmomentsoccur，don’tworryaboutthem.”可知，上文的意思是：沒有人會注意到你的小差錯，所以不用擔(dān)心，故選C項。6.Youdon’trememberobviousmistakesinaspeechbecause.A.youfindthewayofspeechmakingmoreimportantB.youdon’tfullyunderstandthespeechC.youdon’tknowwhatthespeakerplanstosayD.yourattentionisonthecontent答案D解析細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)第二段第五句“Becauseyouwerefixingyourattentiononhismessageratherthanonhiswayofspeechmaking.”可知，你的注意力在演講內(nèi)容上。7.Itcanbeinferredfromthepassagethat.A.oneortwomistakesinaspeechmaynotbebadB.givingaspeechislikegivingaperformanceC.thelistenersshouldpaymoreattentiontohowaspeechismadeD.themoremistakesaspeakermakes，themoreattractivehewillbe答案A解析推理判斷題。根據(jù)第二段最后一句“Sometimesamistakeortwocanactuallyincreaseaspeaker’sattractivenessbymakinghimmorehuman.”可知選A項。8.Whatwouldbethebesttitleforthepassage?A.HowtoBeaPerfectSpeakerB.HowtoMakeaPerfectSpeechC.Don’tExpectMistakesinaSpeechD.Don’tExpectaPerfectSpeech答案D解析標(biāo)題歸納題。本文在開頭就點出了主題“Itmayhelpyoutoknowthatthereisnosuchthingasaperfectspeech.”下文對這個說法進(jìn)行了解釋。故選D項。Ⅱ.完形填空(2018·山東濰坊高二期中)It’salwaysbeenadreamforAlextotakeatripwithhermother，butitwasadeathinthefamilythat9madethembothrealizehowpreciouslifereallyis.“Afterlosingmygrandma，I10thatneitherInormymumwill11behere，andthatIcan’t12therighttimetoe，”the27yearoldgirltoldTheHuffingtonpost.“Afteraweekof13，myamazingmumandIareofftotravelaroundtheUnitedStates.WewillbetravellingfromNewYorktoLosAngelesinterviewing14whoarechangingtheworldforthebetterand15thedreamIhadforaverylongtime:totraveltogetherwithmymother.Ihavetakenamonthoffworkandweareonourway.16arewaiting！”Alexsaid.SoinAugust，Alexandher63yearoldretiredmother，Halina，traveledtotheUnitedStatesforathreeweek17thattookthemfromcoasttocoast.Alexisthe18ofLookingForHeroes，asocialmediaproject，inwhichshephotographsmanyoftheinterestingpeopleshemeetswith，19uniquetidbits(花邊新聞)oftheirlifestoriesatthesametime.The20motheranddaughtertraveledacrossthenation，visitingcities21Knoxville，Tennessee，NewYorkCity，LosAngelesandWashington.Alongthewaytheytookphotos22famousbackdrops(背景)ineachcity，makingsome23memories.Meanwhile，Alex24muchfromhermother.Hermotheroftensaid“My25toyoungpeoplewouldbetolearnnewthings，andwhatyouhavelearnedwillbeyourbiggest26inlife.Withageyoustop27aboutthingsthatdon’tmatter.Withyourpriorities(優(yōu)先權(quán))changing，28andhealthbeethemostimportant.語篇解讀Alex是LookingForHeroes的編輯，和媽媽一起去美國旅游采訪，一路上她們對著每個城市的著名背景拍照，留下難忘的記憶。她媽媽對年輕人的建議是：要學(xué)習(xí)新事物，你所學(xué)到的將是你一生中最大的財富。9.A.finally B.simplyC.mildly D.secretly答案A解析是這個家里的一個人的死亡最后使她們倆都意識到生命真的是如此寶貴。finally最后。故選A。10.A.promised B.realizedC.guessed D.hoped答案B解析我奶奶去世之后，我意識到……realize意識到。故選B。11.A.thus B.evenC.ever D.forever答案D解析我奶奶去世之后，我意識到我和我媽媽都將不會永遠(yuǎn)在這里，我們不能等著這個合適時候的到來。forever永遠(yuǎn)。故選D。12.A.thinkof B.putasideC.waitfor D.giveaway答案C解析參考上題解析。waitfor等待。故選C。13.A.preparation B.workC.consideration D.rest答案A解析準(zhǔn)備了一周之后，我了不起的媽媽和我將要去美國旅行。preparation準(zhǔn)備。故選A。14.A.friends B.relativesC.reporters D.influencers答案D解析我們將從紐約旅行到洛杉磯采訪那些改變世界使之更美好的有影響力的人，同時實現(xiàn)我長久以來的夢想……。influencer影響者。故選D。15.A.connecting B.describingC.achieving D.imagining答案C解析參考上題解析。achieve實現(xiàn)，取得。故選C。16.A.Troubles B.DreamsC.Results D.Dangers答案B解析我休了一個月的假，我們現(xiàn)在正在路上。夢想正等著我們。故選B。17.A.adventure B.campaignC.business D.gathering答案A解析Alex和她已退休的63歲的母親旅行到美國，沿海灣進(jìn)行了三周的冒險。adventure冒險。故選A。18.A.actress B.modelC.editor D.student答案C解析由下文知，Alex是LookingForHeroes，一個社交媒體