河南省洛陽市高三英語二練試題（含解析）

河南省洛陽市2020屆高三英語二練試題（含解析）第二部分閱讀理解（共兩節(jié)，滿分40分）第一節(jié)（共15小題；每小題2分，滿分30分）閱讀下列短文，從每題所給的四個選項（A、B、C和D）中，選出最佳選項，并在答題卡上將該項涂黑。AAreyoudriventocreatechangeinbetteringkids’futures?Hereareafewoptions.EducationGoingafteracareerineducationissometimesoverlooked.Yetteachingisanimportantpathtocreatingchange.Youwilleducatetheyoungmindsresponsibleforthefuture.Inadditiontopresentingbasicschoolsubjects,youcanteachthemtobeleaders.Youcanmotivatethemtowanttomakeadifferencethemselves.Acareerineducationdoesn’thavetomeanleachinginaclassroom.Youcanhelpthemtolearninawaythatworksforthemandbeafriendtothemaswell.SocialworkAsasocialworker,youcandirectlychangethelivesofchildreninneedaswelladvocateforservicesfordrugabusers,familyviolencesurvivors,mentalhealthpatients,andmore.Youwillprovidethemwiththenecessaryresourcestosucceedandadvisethemthroughtrauma(精神創(chuàng)傷),unemployment,educationdifficulties,addictionandpoverty.Manysocialworkersareassociatedwithgovernmentalagencies,buttherearealsojobsinschools,nonprofitorganizationsandhospitals.ChildpsychologyStudyingchildpsychologymayleadtoacareeroption.Psychologistscanprovidesupportforchildrenwithmentalhealthproblemsandgivethemaplacetobeopenabouttheirfeelings.Youmaywishtobeeaschoolpsychologistandguidechildren(andtheirparents)throughtheeducationsystemwhiledealingwithmentalillnessortrauma.Asapsychologist,youwillhelpyourpatientsfindthesourceoftraumaorstressanddiscoverwaysofreducingorremovingtheproblem.Youmayevenconductyourownresearchonnewtreatmentmethods.1.Whicheducationalconceptdoestheauthorsupport?A.Workingwithstudents’groupleaders.B.Teachingchildrenaccordingtotheirinterests.C.Keepingteachingchildrenintheclassroom.D.Encouragingstudentstomakeachangethemselves.2.Whowillsocialworkershelpmostprobably?A.Governmentalofficials.B.Localbusinessagents.C.Childrenwitheducationdifficulties.D.Womensufferingfromfamilyviolence.3.Whichcareermainlydealswithchildrenwithmentalillness?A.Educators.B.Schoolleaders.C.Socialworkers.D.Schoolpsychologists.【答案】1.D2.C3.D【解析】這是一篇應(yīng)用文。本文講了三種幫助兒童有更好的未來的途徑，分別是教育，社會工作者以及兒童心理學(xué)家，分別說明了兒童有什么問題，可以尋求哪些幫助等等?！?題詳解】細節(jié)理解題。由文章Education部分下的Youwilleducatetheyoungmindsresponsibleforthefuture.Inadditiontopresentingbasicschoolsubjects,youcanteachthemtobeleaders.Youcanmotivatethemtowanttomakeadifferencethemselves.(你要教育孩子們對將來負責。除了給他們提供基本的學(xué)校科目外，你可以教他們成為領(lǐng)導(dǎo)，你可以激勵他們改變自己)可知，作者支持的觀點是，教育孩子自己做出改變。D.Encouragingstudentstomakeachangethemselves.(鼓勵孩子自己做出改變)符合以上說法，故選D項?！?題詳解】細節(jié)理解題。由文章Socialwork部分下的Asasocialworker,youcandirectlychangethelivesofchildreninneedaswelladvocateforservicesfordrugabusers,familyviolencesurvivors,mentalhealthpatients,andmore.(作為一個社工，你可以直接改變有需要的孩子的生活，并提倡為吸毒者、家暴幸存者、心理健康患者等提供服務(wù))可知，作為社工最有可能幫助到的是孩子。C.Childrenwitheducationdifficulties.(有教育問題的孩子)符合以上說法，故選C項?！?題詳解】細節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)Childpsychology部分下的Asapsychologist,youwillhelpyourpatientsfindthesourceoftraumaorstressanddiscoverwaysofreducingorremovingtheproblem.(心理學(xué)家可以為有心理健康問題的兒童提供支持，給他們一個敞開心扉的空間)可知，成為學(xué)校心理學(xué)家能幫助有精神有疾病的孩子。故選C項。BI’vespenttwodecadesobservingwhatmakespeopleluckyandtryingtohelppeopleincreasetheirluck.Iteachentrepreneurship(社會學(xué)).Weknowmanynewenterprisesfail,andinnovators(創(chuàng)業(yè)者)needluck.Withmystudents,Ispendmuchtimeencouragingthemtogetoutoftheirfortzoneandtakesomerisks.Idothismyselfallthetime.Aboutadozenyearsago,duringaflight,Idecidedtotakealittlerisk.Istartedaconversationwiththemansittingnexttome.Iintroducedmyself,andIlearnedthathewasapublisher.Ilearnedallaboutthefutureofthepublishingindustryandweexchangedcontact(聯(lián)系)information.Soaboutthreequartersthroughthenight,Idecidedtotakeanotherrisk.IshowedhimabookplanIwasdoinginmyclass.Althoughhewasverypolite,hesaiditwasn’trightforus.Acoupleofmonthslater,ItoldhimIwasdoingaprojectontransformingthebook,thefutureofpublishingandinvitedhimtoetomyclass.Sohegladlycametomyclass.Wehadagreatexperience.Afewmonthslater,Iwrotetohimagain,sendingabunchofvideoclips(剪輯)fromanotherprojectmystudentshadmade.Hewassostrickenbyoneofthemthathethoughttherewasabookinit.Iwasalittlebithurt,butitwasallright.SoIinvitedhimandhiscolleaguestohavelunchtogether.Later,oneofhiseditorsaskedmeifIhadconsideredwritingabook.AndIpulledouttheexactsameplanIhadshowedhisbossayearearlier.Withintwoyears,mybookhadsoldoveramillioncopies.4.Wecaninferfromtheauthor’sexperienceontheplanethat.A.thepublisherwasstrickenbyhisbookB.thatwashisfirstexperiencebyplaneC.thefirstriskduringthenightdidn’tworkoutD.theexperiencemadehimtransformhisbook5.Whydidtheauthorsendthestudents’videoclips?A.Tohavetheirbookpublished. B.Tohelptoincreasehisluck.C.Toassesstheirwritingskills. D.Tohelpthemseetheirstrength.6.Whichcanbethebesttitleforthepassage?A.TaketheLead B.EverythingisPossibleC.WininDanger D.LuckandRisk7.Whatdoestheauthorthinkresultedinhisluck?A.Publishingbooks. B.Aseriesofsmallrisks.C.Beingturneddownfrequently. D.Meetingwiththestrangerontheplane.【答案】4.D5.B6.D7.B【解析】這是一篇記敘文。本文主要講述作者近二十年一直在研究使得人們幸運的是什么，并且?guī)椭嗽黾有疫\的機會。作者一直鼓勵學(xué)生走出舒適區(qū)并做出一些冒險，而作者本人也一直堅持這樣做?！?題詳解】細節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)第三段的Acoupleofmonthslater,ItoldhimIwasdoingaprojectontransformingthebook,thefutureofpublishingandinvitedhimtoetomyclass.(幾個月后，我告訴他我正在做這本書的改造工作，關(guān)于未來的出版，并邀請他來我的課堂)可知，飛機上的經(jīng)歷，讓作者決定改造他的書。D.theexperiencemadehimtransformhisbook(這個經(jīng)歷讓他改造自己的書)符合以上說法，故選D項?！?題詳解】推理判斷題。根據(jù)第二段的Soaboutthreequartersthroughthenight,Idecidedtotakeanotherrisk.IshowedhimabookplanIwasdoinginmyclass.(過了大約四分之三的夜晚，我決定再冒一次險。我給他看了我在課堂上做的讀書計劃)及Afewmonthslater,Iwrotetohimagain,sendingabunchofvideoclips(剪輯)fromanotherprojectmystudentshadmade.Hewassostrickenbyoneofthemthathethoughttherewasabookinit.(幾個月后，我又給他寫了一封信，把學(xué)生們做的另一個項目的一些視頻剪輯發(fā)給了他。他被其中一本書深深地打動了，以為里面有一本書)可推測，作者把學(xué)生的視頻剪輯和書一起寄過去的目的是幫助增加自己的運氣。B.Tohelptoincreasehisluck(為了幫助增加他的運氣)符合以上推測，故選B項?！?題詳解】主旨大意題。根據(jù)文章的主要內(nèi)容，尤其是一段的I’vespenttwodecadesobservingwhatmakespeopleluckyandtryingtohelppeopleincreasetheirluck.和二段的Withmystudents,Ispendmuchtimeencouragingthemtogetoutoftheirfortzoneandtakesomerisks.Idothismyselfallthetime.可知，本文主要講述作者近二十年一直在研究使得人們幸運的是什么，并且?guī)椭嗽黾有疫\的機會。作者一直鼓勵學(xué)生走出舒適區(qū)并做出一些冒險，而作者本人也一直堅持這樣做。D.LuckandRisk(運氣和冒險)可以作為本文標題，故選D項?！?題詳解】推理判斷題。根據(jù)第二段的Aboutadozenyearsago,duringaflight,Idecidedtotakealittlerisk.(大約12年前，在一次飛行中，我決定冒一點險)及第三段的Soaboutthreequartersthroughthenight,Idecidedtotakeanotherrisk.(所以，過了大約四分之三的夜晚，我決定再冒一次險)和第三段的Afewmonthslater,Iwrotetohimagain,sendingabunchofvideoclips(剪輯)fromanotherprojectmystudentshadmade.Hewassostrickenbyoneofthemthathethoughttherewasabookinit.(幾個月后，我再次寫信給他，把一堆我學(xué)生做的另一個項目的視頻剪輯寄給他。他被其中的一個深深感動了，認為可以寫一本書)可知，出版商拒絕之后，作者一直沒有放棄，冒著拒絕的風(fēng)險提升幸運的機會，最終成功的出版了這本書。由此推測，作者認為是一些小的冒險讓他成功了。B.Aseriesofsmallrisks(一系列小的冒險)符合以上說法，故選B項。COnwinter,afisherman—JimSavage—wasbravingthefreezingtemperatureswhenhenoticedababydolphinstrugglingtofreeherselffromanotherfisherman’straps—thenetting.Jimspoketoherandshecalmeddownashecutherfreefromtheline.Seeingshewastootiredtoswimaway,hecalledtheWildlifeConservationmissionandtheyrescuedthedolphin,namedherWinterandtookherbacktothecentertogettreatment.Winterwasplacedinaholdingtankandtheteamputafeedingtubeinherthroat.Soon,though,Winterlearnedhowtoeatfromabottle.ButthelinewrappingaroundWinter’stailhadcausedhertailtofalloffpiecebypiece.Eventuallyallthatwasleftwasafleshystump(殘肢).ThoughWinterdideventuallystarttoswim,shetaughtherselfanentirelyoriginalway—toswinghertailstumpfromsidetosidelikeafish.Shelearnedverywellandlearnedhowtotrustandlovethepeoplewhocaredforher.Andshemadeanewnonhumanfriend—Panama,anotherrescueddolphin.Thetwobecamelifelongfriends,pletelyinseparable.Buthertrainerswereworried,heroriginalmovingwaypreventedherfromgrowingproperly.ThenKevinCarroll,adolphinloverandmakerofprostheticlimbs(假肢)forpeople,steppedin.Withateamofexperts,vets,andtrainers,KevindevelopedanewtailforWinter.Winterwasretrainedtousethedevice(裝置)toswimproperly,butwithlotsofhardworkshedidit!Wordaboutthedisableddolphingotitandeveryonecouldrelatetothedolphin.Nowsheseemstoconnectwitheveryonefromadultswithprosthesestoalittlegirlwhodidn’twanttowearherhearingaiduntilshemetWinter.8.WhatmadeWintercalmdown?A.Thenetting.B.Jim’swords.C.Therescueteam.D.Thenewtail.9.WhydidJimphonetheWildlifeConservationmission?A.Tocurethebabydolphin.B.Todealwiththefishingnet.C.Torescuetheotherfisherman.D.Tolookatthebabydolphin.10.Whatmadethetrainersworried?A.Winter’srelationshipwithPanama.B.Winter’spopularitywithvisitors.C.TheeffectofthedamageonWinter.D.Winter’smovingstylelikeotherdolphins.11.Howwouldtheauthorfeelabouttheouteoftheevent?A.It’sbeautiful.B.It’scontroversial.C.It’shumorous.D.It’sdiscouraging.【答案】8.B9.D10.C11.A【解析】這是一篇記敘文。文章主要講述了一只受傷的小海豚在一個漁民和野生動物保護中心的幫助下獲救，并通過自己的努力學(xué)會用假尾巴游泳，給人們帶來鼓勵和幫助的故事?！?題詳解】細節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)第一段的Jimspoketoherandshecalmeddownashecutherfreefromtheline.(吉姆對她講話，她平靜了下來，他把她從繩子上救下來)可知，吉姆的話讓她平靜了下來。B.Jim’swords.(吉姆的話)符合以上說法，故選B項?！?題詳解】推理判斷題。根據(jù)第一段的Seeingshewastootiredtoswimaway,hecalledtheWildlifeConservationmissionandtheyrescuedthedolphin,namedherWinterandtookherbacktothecentertogettreatment.(看到她累得游不動了，他打給野生動物保護中心，他們救了這只海豚，給她取名為冬天，并帶她回到治療中心接受治療)可推測，吉姆打給野生動物保護中心是讓他們來看這只海豚。D.Tolookatthebabydolphin.(來看這只小海豚)符合以上說法，故選D項。【10題詳解】細節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)第二段Eventuallyallthatwasleftwasafleshystump(殘肢).ThoughWinterdideventuallystarttoswim,shetaughtherselfanentirelyoriginalway—toswinghertailstumpfromsidetosidelikeafish.(但是，纏在冬天尾巴上的魚線使她的尾巴一片片地脫落了。最終，冬天開始了游泳，但她自學(xué)了一種完全獨創(chuàng)的方法——像魚一樣左右擺動尾巴)第四段的Buthertrainerswereworried,heroriginalmovingwaypreventedherfromgrowingproperly.(但她的訓(xùn)練員很擔心，她最初的移動方式妨礙了她的正常生長)可知，訓(xùn)練員擔心小海豚的傷最終會對她的生長造成影響。C.TheeffectofthedamageonWinter.(受傷給冬天造成的影響)符合以上說法，故選C項。【11題詳解】推理判斷題。根據(jù)最后一段的Nowsheseemstoconnectwitheveryone—fromadultswithprosthesestoalittlegirlwhodidn’twanttowearherhearingaiduntilshemetWinter.(現(xiàn)在，她似乎和每個人都有了聯(lián)系——從戴著假肢的成年人到直到遇到冬天才戴上助聽器的小女孩)可知，Winter這只海豚帶給了許多人鼓勵和幫助。由此推測，作者認為這件事情的結(jié)局是美好的。故選A項。DPlasticistheworkhorsematerialofthemoderneconomy(經(jīng)濟).Lightweightanddurable,it’sbeenusedtomakeavastnumberofproductssinceitsintroductionover100yearsago.However,astudycarriedoutbytheWorldEconomicForum,theEllenMacArthurFoundationandMcKinseypanyshowedthestatusofthebreakdownintheglobalplasticsystem.Afull32%ofthe78milliontonsofplasticpackagingproducedannuallyislefttoflowintoouroceans.TheOceanCleanup,astartupfoundedin2013,isthebrainchildofBoyanSlat,whocameupwiththeideaforthepanywhenhewasjust17yearsold.Sincethen,it’sreceivedmorethan$2millioninfunding(基金).Thepanyplanstousealargearray(列陣)thatwillbefixedtothebottomofthePacificOcean.Thiswillhavearmsthatspreadoutover100km,gettingalloftheplasticgarbagepushedintoitsnets.Thisisthencollectedbya10,000metrecubecontainerthatwillbeemptiedmonthly.Mostrecently,theOceanCleanuplaunchedateamofexplorersaboardaspeciallyrefittedC130Herculesaircraftheavilyloadedwithspecializedsensorequipment.Itdiscoveredthattheproblemwasworsethanexpectedwithanabundanceofplasticsmeasuringupto1.5macrossandatahigherdensitythanpreviouslythought.Theorganizationwillcontinuetopilotthearrayandwillstartcleaningthepilebeforetheendofthedecade.Oncetheplasticisout,whatshouldwedowithit?Thefoundation(基金會)hopesthattheplasticfromtheoceanwillhaveamercialvaluewhichcanhelptofundtheproject.Oceanplasticisnoteasytouse,it’smixedbynatureconsistingofeverythingfromintactPETbottlestomicroplastics.However,someoftheworld'sbiggestpaniesalsoseethechancetomarketoceansplasticproducts.Transformingtoday’splasticseconomyfromitspresentform(takemakewaste)toazerowastecirculareconomy(takemaketakemake)isadifficultchallenge.However,withcooperativeactionfromproducers,recyclers,governmentsandconsumersalikeandcontinuinginnovation(革新)itcanbedone.12.What’sBoyanSlat’sideaabout?A.Awaytocollectoceanplasticwaste.B.Anewproductmadeofoceanplastic.C.Amachinetorecycleplasticgarbage.D.Anorganizationtoresearchintoplastic.13.Whichofthefollowingcanreplacetheunderlinedword“density”inParagraph4?A.Flexibility. B.Thickness.C.Width. D.Strength.14.Whatdosomebiggestpaniesexpectoftheoceanplastic?A.It’llbeturnedintotreasure. B.It’llsponsorthefoundation.C.It’llcooperatewiththegovernment. D.It’lltaketheformoftakemakewaste.15.Whereisthistextmostlikelyfrom?A.Adiary. B.Aguidebook.C.Anovel. D.Amagazine【答案】12.A13.B14.A15.D【解析】這是一篇說明文。文章講述的是現(xiàn)代塑料經(jīng)濟對海洋造成的危害，以及現(xiàn)在的治理方案?！?2題詳解】細節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)第三段的ThepanyplanstousealargearraythatwillbefixedtothebottomofthePacificOcean.Thiswillhavearmsthatspreadoutover100km,gettingalloftheplasticgarbagepushedintoitsnets.(該公司計劃用一個固定在太平洋底部的很大的列陣。這些列陣有可以伸長到100千米的手臂，能把所有的塑料垃圾都推到網(wǎng)里面)可知，BoyanSlat的想法是關(guān)于如何收集海洋里面的塑料垃圾。A.Awaytocollectoceanplasticwaste.(一個收集海洋塑料垃圾的方法)符合以上說法，故選A項?！?3題詳解】詞義猜測題。根據(jù)第四段的Itdiscoveredthattheproblemwasworsethanexpectedwithanabundanceofplasticsmeasuringupto1.5macrossandatahigherdensitythanpreviouslythought.可知，它發(fā)現(xiàn)這個問題比預(yù)期的糟糕，因為垃圾的厚度高達1.5米，比之前想的density要高。根據(jù)句意，猜測劃線部分的意思是“厚度”。B.Thickness.(厚度)符合以上猜測，故選B項?！?4題詳解】細節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)第五段的Thefoundation(基金會)hopesthattheplasticfromtheoceanwillhaveamercialvaluewhichcanhelptofundtheproject.(基金會希望來自海洋的塑料垃圾會有一個商業(yè)價值，它可以資助該項目)和However,someoftheworld’sbiggestpaniesalsoseethechancetomarketoceansplasticproducts.(然而一些世界級的大公司也看到了這個出售海洋塑料垃圾的機會)可知，一些世界級的大公司期待海洋塑料垃圾，是因為它有商業(yè)價值。A.It’llbeturnedintotreasure.(它會被變成值錢的東西)符合以上說法，故選A項?！?5題詳解】推理判斷題。本篇文章講述的是現(xiàn)代塑料經(jīng)濟對海洋造成的危害，以及現(xiàn)在的治理方案。由此推測，本文很有可能出現(xiàn)在和環(huán)保相關(guān)的雜志上。D.Amagazine(雜志)符合以上推測，故選D項。根據(jù)短文內(nèi)容，從短文后的選項中選出能填入空白處的最佳選項。選項中有兩項為多余選項Areyouoneoftheincreasingnumberofstudentswhoarestrugglingforcollegeeducationonline?Followthesetipstohelpyoubeasuccessfulonlinelearner?Manystudentsassumethatonlineclassesrequirelessworkandareeasierthantraditionalclasses.___16___Arrangementaccordingtoclassscheduleisimportant.Logontoyourcourseaccordingtotherequiredschedule.Manageyourtimejustasyouwouldinatraditionalcourse.___17___Youmaynotbeabletoturninpapers,viewvideos,orparticipateingroupsifyoudon'thavethepropertechnology.MakesurethatyouhavetheproperInternetconnectionandsoftwareprogramsinstalled(安裝).Duringclass,youareadvisedtobefocused.Readandpracticeeverything.___18___Don’trunthroughacourseskippingvideos,animations(動畫),andungradedselfassessmentactivities.Befortablemunicatingthroughtext.Mostmunicationinanonlinecourseoccursthroughthewrittenword.Discussionboardposts,writtenassignments,andemailareallmonmodesofmunicationinonlinecourses.___19___Bepreparedtoreadandwritealotinonlinecourses.Remembertobeactive.Ifyouhavequestionsordon’tunderstandanassignment,tellyourinstructor.___20___Don’twaituntilafteryou’veturnedinanassignmenttolettheinstructorknowthatyouhavestruggled.Ifyouemailorcalltheinstructorbeforeanassignment,quiz,orexam,you’llpreventthestruggle,andavoidhavingyourgradesuffer.A.Gothrougheveryscreen.B.OnlineclassesrequirelessworkC.You’llunderstandtheinstructorbetter.D.Besureyouhavetherequiredsoftwareandhardware.E.Yourinstructorcanhelpyoubetterifyoutellhimorher.F.Inreality,they’redesignedjustasdemandingastraditionalcourses.G.Thisisdifferentfromtraditionalclasses,wherealotofmunicationisoral.【答案】16.F17.D18.A19.G20.E【解析】這是一篇說明文。文章主要就如何成為一個成功的在線學(xué)習(xí)者提供了一些建議?！?6題詳解】上文Manystudentsassumethatonlineclassesrequirelessworkandareeasierthantraditionalclasses.(很多學(xué)生認為在線學(xué)習(xí)要求的工作更少，比傳統(tǒng)課程更容易)與F.Inreality,they'redesignedjustasdemandingastraditionalcourses(事實上，它們和傳統(tǒng)課程一樣要求很高)承接自然，上下文構(gòu)成明顯的轉(zhuǎn)折關(guān)系，traditionalclasses和traditionalcourses是關(guān)鍵詞，故選F項?！?7題詳解】根據(jù)MakesurethatyouhavetheproperInternetconnectionandsoftwareprogramsinstalled(確保你有網(wǎng)絡(luò)連接和安裝了相應(yīng)的軟件程序)可知，本段主要講述要有適當?shù)木W(wǎng)絡(luò)和軟件程序，D.Besureyouhavetherequiredsoftwareandhardware.(確保你有要求的軟件和硬件)可以作為本段中心句，故選D項。18題詳解】上文Duringclass,youareadvisedtobefocused.Readandpracticeeverything.(在上課期間，你應(yīng)該集中注意力，閱讀和練習(xí)每一個知識)與A.Gothrougheveryscreen.(瀏覽每一個視頻)承接自然，上下文都是關(guān)于上網(wǎng)課要集中注意力，不要錯過任何一個環(huán)節(jié)，everything和everyscreen是關(guān)鍵詞，故選A項。【19題詳解】上文Discussionboardposts,writtenassignments,andemailareallmonmodesofmunicationinonlinecourses.(討論版帖子、書面作業(yè)和電子郵件都是在線課程中常見的交流方式)與G.Thisisdifferentfromtraditionalclasses,wherealotofmunicationisoral.(這與傳統(tǒng)課堂不同，傳統(tǒng)課堂上很多交流都是口頭上的)承接自然，選項中的this指代上文所說的幾種在線課程交流方式，munication是關(guān)鍵詞，故選G項?！?0題詳解】上文Ifyouhavequestionsordon’tunderstandanassignment,tellyourinstructor.(如果你有問題或不理解作業(yè)，告訴你的老師)與E.Yourinstructorcanhelpyoubetterifyoutellhimorher.(如果你告訴她/他，你的指導(dǎo)老師可以更好地幫助你)承接自然，instructor是關(guān)鍵詞，故選E項。第三部分英語知識運用（共兩節(jié)，滿分45分）第一節(jié)完形填空（共20小題；每小題1.5分，滿分30分）閱讀下面短文，從短文后各題所給出的四個選項（A、B、C和D）中，選出可以填入空白處的最佳選項，并在答題卡上將該項涂黑。OnaDecembermorningin1951,MalonelefthishomeindowntownSt.John’sinNewfoundland,tobuysomebutterforhismother.Whenhe____21____thecornertoCentralStreet,hesaw____22____ingfromoneofhisthreestoreyhouses.Awomanatitswindow____23____,“Savethechildren!Savethechildren!”Malone____24____towardtheburninghouse,throughthefrontdoorandupaflightof____25____,wherehefoundafiveyearoldgirl.“Igrabbed(抓住)thechild,”hesays,“butshe____26____,‘No,no,mysister!You’vegottogetmysister!’”Malone____27____feltpelled(必須)tocrossthehallandchecktheotherbedroom.Hereachedunderthebedandfoundthegirl’s____28____,silentthreeyearold____29____.Asthe______30______intensified(增強),Malonecarriedthechildrensafelyouttothestreetandthewaitingpeople.Thenhe______31______pushedoff—hewaslatefor______32______thebutterforhismom!Overtheyears,Malonethoughtaboutthefireandthechildrenhehad______33______andwonderedwhathadhappenedtothegirls.Maloneandhiswife,Liz,spentfour______34______inOntariountillastOctober,whenthey______35______toNewfoundland.ThecouplesettledinConceptionBaySouth,30kilometersfromSt.John’s,inahouse______36______thewater.Shortlyaftertheymovedin,twooftheirnewneighbors______37______withahousewarming______38______—frozencodandsaltfish.MaloneandLizinvitedFowlerandherhusbandinfora______39______,whichishowMaloneandFowler,whoarebothintheirseventies,______40______aconnection.21.A.made B.got C.turned D.cut22.A.fog B.smoke C.steam D.water23.A.spoke B.whistled C.whispered D.yelled24.A.raced B.drove C.flew D.jogged25.A.roads B.stairs C.streams D.mountains26.A.screamed B.relieved C.plained D.interrupted27.A.temporarily B.originally C.properly D.suddenly28.A.disappointed B.excited C.frightened D.calmed29.A.sister B.baby C.cousin D.neighbor30.A.sense B.flames C.relationship D.abilities31.A.sympathetically B.selflessly C.roughly D.regretfully32.A.lightingup B.takingup C.holdingup D.pickingup33.A.met B.rescued C.raised D.recalled34.A.years B.stages C.decades D.months35.A.returned B.left C.immigrated D.contributed36.A.storing B.obtaining C.refreshing D.overlooking37.A.stoppedby B.passedby C.stoodby D.putby38.A.party B.part C.image D.gift39.A.ball B.check C.chat D.match40.A.lost B.discovered C.advocated D.created【答案】21.C22.B23.D24.A25.B26.A27.D28.C29.A30.B31.C32.D33.B34.C35.A36.D37.A38.D39.C40.B【解析】【分析】這是一篇記敘文。本文講述了Malone幾十年前在給母親買黃油的時候突遇大火并成功救出兩個孩子，多年之后再次回到兒時住處見到了兩個“新鄰居”并建立了失散多年的聯(lián)系?！?1題詳解】考查動詞詞義辨析。句意：當拐過中央大街的彎時，他看到濃煙從他家三層房中的一個冒出。A.made制作；B.got得到；C.turned轉(zhuǎn)；D.cut切。結(jié)合句意可知，此處考查固定短語turnacorner“拐彎”，故選C項。22題詳解】考查名詞詞義辨析。句意：同上。A.fog霧；B.smoke煙；C.steam水蒸氣；D.water水。根據(jù)下文的Malone____4____towardtheburninghouse可知，房子著火了，故此處用“煙”符合語境和邏輯，故選B項?！?3題詳解】考查動詞詞義辨析。句意：在窗戶邊上的女人大聲叫喊到：“救救孩子！救救孩子！”A.spoke講話；B.whistled吹口哨；C.whispered輕聲說；D.yelled大叫。根據(jù)下文的Savethechildren!Savethechildren!可知，此處用“大叫”符合語境，故選D項?！?4題詳解】考查動詞詞義辨析。句意：Malone跑向正在燃燒的房子，穿過前門，迅速爬上樓梯，在那兒他發(fā)現(xiàn)了一個五歲的小女孩。A.raced跑；B.drove開車；C.flew飛；D.jogged慢跑。結(jié)合上下文可知，此處用“跑”表示當時的情況很危急，故選A項?！?5題詳解】考查名詞詞義辨析。句意：同上。A.roads路；B.stairs樓梯；C.streams溪流；D.mountains山。根據(jù)上文的oneofhisthreestoreyhouses.可知，此處用“樓梯”符合語境，故選B項?！?6題詳解】考查動詞詞義辨析。句意：“我抓住了這個孩子”他說“但是，她尖叫說‘不，不，我的妹妹！你要救我的妹妹！’”。A.screamed尖叫；B.relieved緩解；C.plained抱怨；D.interrupted打斷。根據(jù)下文的No,no,mysister!You‘’vegottogetmysister!可知，此處用“尖叫”符合語境，能夠表現(xiàn)出小女孩擔心自己的妹妹，故選A項?！?7題詳解】考查副詞詞義辨析。句意：Malone突然感覺到必須去檢查一下其他房間有沒有人。A.temporarily暫時；B.originally最初；C.properly適當?shù)?；D.suddenly突然。結(jié)合上下文可知，此處是指聽了小女孩說自己的妹妹還在里面，Malone突然有了要查看其它地方有沒有人的想法，故選D項?！?8題詳解】考查形容詞詞義辨析。句意：他伸手到床底下，發(fā)現(xiàn)了這個女孩受到驚嚇沉默不語的妹妹。A.disappointed失望的；B.excited興奮的；C.frightened害怕的；D.calmed冷靜的。結(jié)合常識可知，小孩在那種情況下都會害怕得連話都說不出，故選C項?！?9題詳解】考查名詞詞義辨析。句意：同上。A.sister妹妹；B.baby嬰兒；C.cousin表妹；D.neighbor鄰居。根據(jù)上文的You’vegottogetmysister!可知，此處用“妹妹”符合語境，sister是原詞復(fù)現(xiàn)，故選A項?！?0題詳解】考查名詞詞義辨析。句意：隨著火焰flames越發(fā)強烈，Malone趕緊把倆孩子救了出來，帶到街上的人群中。A.sense感覺；B.flames火焰；C.relationship關(guān)系；D.abilities能力。根據(jù)上文的Malone____4____towardtheburninghouse可知此處用“火焰”符合語境，故選B項?！?1題詳解】考查副詞詞義辨析。句意：然后他飛快地轉(zhuǎn)身離開——因為他給媽媽買黃油已經(jīng)遲到了。A.sympathetically同情地；B.selflessly無私地；C.roughly粗暴地；D.regretfully遺憾地。根據(jù)下文的hewaslatefor____12____thebutterforhismom!可知，此處用“快速離開”符合語境，選項中roughly“粗暴地”可以表達此意，故選C項?！?2題詳解】考查動詞短語辨析。句意：同上。A.lightingup照亮；B.takingup占據(jù)，從事；C.holdingup舉起；D.pickingup買。根據(jù)上文的MalonelefthishomeindowntownSt.John’sinNewfoundland,tobuysomebutterforhismother.可知，此處用“買”符合語境，pickup和buy是同義詞復(fù)現(xiàn)，故選D項。【33題詳解】考查動詞詞義辨析。句意：多年后Malone想起了那場火和他曾經(jīng)救的那個孩子，想知道那個小女孩怎么樣了。A.met遇見；B.rescued營救；C.raised舉起，養(yǎng)；D.recalled回憶起。根據(jù)上文的Savethechildren!Savethechildren和Malonecarriedthechildrensafelyouttothestreetandthewaitingpeople.可知，此處用“營救”符合語境，rescue和save是同義詞復(fù)現(xiàn)，故選B項。【34題詳解】考查名詞詞義辨析。句意：Malone和他的妻子在安大略住了四十多年，去年十月他們返回了Newfoundland。A.years幾年；B.stages階段；C.decades幾十年；D.months幾個月。根據(jù)上文的OnaDecembermorningin1951,MalonelefthishomeindowntownSt.John’sinNewfoundland,可知，此處用“40年”符合語境，故選C項?！?5題詳解】考查動詞詞義辨析。句意：同上。A.returned返回；B.left離開；C.immigrated移民；D.contributed貢獻。根據(jù)上文的OnaDecembermorningin1951,MalonelefthishomeindowntownSt.John'sinNewfoundland,可知Malone的家鄉(xiāng)在Newfoundland可知，此處用“返回Newfoundland”符合語境，故選A項?！?6題詳解】考查動詞詞義辨析。句意：夫妻兩在ConceptionBaySouth安定下來，這個地方離圣約翰有30公里遠，現(xiàn)在定居的房子可以俯瞰湖水。A.storing儲存；B.obtaining獲得；C.refreshing使……清醒；D.overlooking俯瞰。根據(jù)上文的ConceptionBaySouth可知，他們現(xiàn)在定居的地方有湖，故推測他們住的房子可以俯瞰湖水，故選D項?！?7題詳解】考查動詞短語辨析。句意：他們搬進來沒多久，兩個新鄰居來拜訪，帶來了喬遷禮物——凍鱈魚和腌魚。A.stoppedby順便拜訪；B.passedby經(jīng)過；C.stoodby支持，袖手旁觀；D.putby把……放在一邊。根據(jù)文化常識可知，一般新到的鄰居都會去拜訪周圍的鄰居，故選A項。【38題詳解】考查名詞詞義辨析。句意：同上。A.party派對；B.part部分；C.image形象；D.gift禮物。根據(jù)下文的frozencodandsaltfish.可知，此處用“禮物”符合語境，故選D項。【39題詳解】考查動詞詞義辨析。句意：Malone和妻子邀請Fowler和她的丈夫進來閑聊，這就是他們?nèi)绾伟l(fā)現(xiàn)Malone和Fowler，他們都70多歲，有一個聯(lián)系。A.ball跳舞；B.check檢查；C.chat閑聊；D.match比賽。結(jié)合上下文可知，此處是指夫婦邀請鄰居進屋閑聊，故選C項?！?0題詳解】考查動詞詞義辨析。句意：同上。A.lost丟失；B.discovered發(fā)現(xiàn)；C.advocated倡導(dǎo)；D.created創(chuàng)造。結(jié)合上下文可知，此處是指在聊天時，Malone和Fowler發(fā)現(xiàn)原來他們通過那場火災(zāi)建立了聯(lián)系，故選B項。【點睛】解決完形填空的方法之一是利用復(fù)現(xiàn)原則，包括原詞復(fù)現(xiàn)，同義詞復(fù)現(xiàn)，反義詞復(fù)現(xiàn)等。本篇有幾處使用了復(fù)現(xiàn)原則，例如：第9小題的答案sister是上文You’vegottogetmysister!的原詞第13小題答案rescue是上文Savethechildren!Savethechildren中save的同義詞復(fù)現(xiàn)第二節(jié)（共10小題；每小題1.5分，滿分15分）閱讀下面的材料，在空白處填入適當?shù)膬?nèi)容（1個單詞）或括號內(nèi)單詞的正確形式。I’venoticedmanypeoplehavingacold,andit'snotevenofficiallyfallyet.Whydoesthecoldoccurmorefrequentlyduringthefallandwinter___41___(month)?It’sactuallynotthecoldweather____42____(it)thatcausesthecold.Butrather,itismostlikelytobecausedbypeoplespending___43___(much)timeindoorsclosetoeachother,makingthespreadofgerms(微生物)morereadily.Thisisanotherreason___44___childrenindaycareorschoolaremorelikelytopickupthecold.WhenIworkedinadoctor’sclinicafewyearsback,itwasoneofthe____45____(lead)reasonstovisitthedoctorinfallandwinter.1billionpeoplesufferfromthecoldeachyear.Asaresult,school____46____(absent)isfrequentlyreported,witharound22milliondaysannually.Howcanyouavoidgettingacold?Amongthemonly___47___(recognize)tips,washingyourhandsis____48____mostimportantone.Thecoldisspreadeitherbydirectlytouchinginfected(受感染的)secretions(分泌物),orbytaking____49____theairborneparticles(懸浮粒子).Also,coldandfluvirusesgetintothebodyviatheeyes,noses,ormouth.So,______50______(try)toavoidtouchingyourface,especiallywithoutfirstwashingyourhands.【答案】41.months42.itself43.more44.why45.leading46.absence47.recognized48.the49.in50.try【解析】【分析】這是一篇說明文。文章講述了很多人還沒到秋季就感冒的原因，也建議了一些方法來避免感冒?！?1題詳解】考查名詞的數(shù)。此處應(yīng)用名詞作為介詞during的賓語，根據(jù)fallandwinter可知，應(yīng)用month的復(fù)數(shù)形式，故填months?！?2題詳解】考查代詞。句意：事實上并不是寒冷的天氣本身造成了感冒。根據(jù)句意可知，此處應(yīng)用反身代詞作為weather的同位語，故填itself。43題詳解】考查比較級。根據(jù)下文的morereadily判斷，此處意為“花更多時間呆在室內(nèi)”，應(yīng)用比較級，故填more?！?4題詳解】考查定語從句。分析句子結(jié)構(gòu)可知，此處是定語從句關(guān)系詞，先行詞reason在從句中充當原因狀語，應(yīng)用關(guān)系副詞why，故填why。45題詳解】考查形容詞。此處應(yīng)用形容詞leading“主要的”修飾名詞reason，故填leading。【46題詳解】考查名詞。此處應(yīng)用名詞作為句子主語，故填absence?！?7題詳解】考查形容詞。此處應(yīng)用形容詞recognized“公認的，經(jīng)過驗證的”修飾名詞tips，故填recognized。【48題詳解】考查冠詞。此處應(yīng)填定冠詞，和most構(gòu)成最高級，故填the?！?9題詳解】考查介詞。此處考查短語takein“吸收”，故填in。【50題詳解】考查謂語動詞。分析句子可知，此處是句子謂語動詞，且是祈使句，應(yīng)用動詞原形，故填try?！军c睛】第4小題考查定語從句關(guān)系詞。確定定語從句關(guān)系詞一般分為三步：找出先行詞；分析先行詞在從句中充當什么成分；考慮特殊情況。以本題為例：找出先行詞：reason分析先行詞在從句充當什么成分：先行詞reason在從句childrenindaycareorschoolaremorelikelyto