大二輪高考總復(fù)習(xí)英語第02部分專題01第04節(jié)高瞻遠(yuǎn)矚鎖定主旨大意題高效演練

第二部分專題一第四節(jié)A(2017·湖南師大附中三次月考)Ournon－profitorganizationhadjustreceivedalargedonationofclothing.Asthreeofuswalkedhomefordinner，wesawawomanbeggingbythebridge.Shewasoldandhadnolegs.Sheshiveredinherthinsari(紗巾)，whichofferedlittleprotectionfromthecoldwind.Herhungerforcedhertobeg.MyfriendsandIlookedateachother：herewasaperfectopportunity，butfirstitwasnecessarytodoalittlebitofresearch.Wewentuptothewomantohearherstory.Shespokeverylittleduetoherpoorhealthandfear，butwelearnedenough.Shelivedaloneinhersmallhome.Shehadnoonetolookafterherandatewhateverpeoplegaveher.Thedesiretohelphergrewstronger.Afterspeakingtoher，weheadedbacktogetsomethingtokeepherwarm.Findingtheperfectsweater，wesetoutagaintoseethewoman.Thistime，thefearwasreplacedbydistrustaswepresentedherwiththesweater.“Areyourobbers？”sheasked.“Youcameherebeforeandarebacksosuddenlywithclothes.”Iwassurprisedbyher_principles.Eveninherstate，shedidnotwanttowearanythingthatwasstolenandgainedthroughillmeans.“No，weareoutdoingservicework.”Hershouldersrelaxedabit.Ithenhelpedherputthesweateronandsaid，“Pleasedon’tsellthesweater.”“Iswear，Iwon’t，”shesaid.Aweeklater，IwasoutwalkingwithmymothertogetsomefoodwhenIsawthewomanagain.Thistimethepicturewasalittledifferent.Shewasstillbegging，butwiththegraysweaterwrappedaroundherbodyandasmileonherfacewhenshesawus.Iguaranteethatthesmileonmyfacewasbigger.1．Whatcanwelearnfromthefirstparagraph?A．Thewriterwantedtolearnmoreaboutthewomanbeggar.B．Thewriterofferedhelpwithouthesitation.C．Thewomanwantedtomakeafortunebybegging.D．Theorganizationhadtoomanyclothes.2．Whatdotheunderlinedwords“herprinciples”inthethirdparagraphreferto?A．Shenevertrustedstrangers.B．Sheneveraccepteddonationsfromthepoor.C．Shewouldn’ttakeadvantageofothers’kindness.D．Shewouldn’tacceptanythinggainedillegally.3．Whatcontributedtotheirsmilesatlast?A．Cautionandfear.B．Kindnessandtrust.C．Doubtanddistrust.D．Optimismandgenerosity.4．Whatisthebesttitleforthepassage?A．WeShouldTrustBeggarsB．HowtoJudgeaRealBeggarC．LearnMoralityfromaBeggarD．TheMostWonderfulGiftIGavetoaBeggar[語篇解讀]本文是一篇記敘文，講述了作者幫助一位乞討的婦人的故事。1．解析：考查段落大意。根據(jù)第一段最后一句中的“herewasaperfectopportunity，butfirstitwasnecessarytodoalittlebitofresearch”可知A項正確。答案：A2．解析：考查詞義猜測。根據(jù)第三段中的“Eveninherstate，shedidnotwanttowearanythingthatwasstolenandgainedthroughillmeans”可知herprinciples指的是老婦人不愿意穿任何通過不正當(dāng)手段得來的衣服。答案：D3．解析：考查推理判斷。通讀全文可知，是作者對待老婦人的善意和老婦人對作者的信任使得他們再次見面時對彼此露出了笑容。答案：B4．解析：考查主旨大意。根據(jù)文章內(nèi)容可知作者從乞討的老婦人身上看到了可貴的品質(zhì)，故C項最適合作為標(biāo)題。答案：CBArecentstudyconductedbyateamofresearchersfromCanadahasuncoveredthatbirdslivinginurbanenvironmentsarenotjustbetteratproblem－solvingandmoreskilledintasksthatneedcreativitythancountrybirds—theyalsohavestrongerimmune(免疫的)systems!Theresearch，headedbyAudet，aPh.D.studentatauniversity，examinedthelearningabilitiesofurbanbullfincheswiththoseoftheircountrycousins.TheteamconductedtheirstudyinBarbadosbecauseitclaimsabroadrangeofenvironments—frompopulatedmoderncitiestoentirelyruralareas.TheybeganbycatchingsomebullfinchesfromvariouspartsoftheCaribbeanislands.Thebullfincheswerethengivenseveraltasks.Someweretotesttheirassociativelearningskillswhileothersweretoobservehowcreativetheywereatproblem－solvingItturnsoutthatcitybirdsaremuchsmarteratreachingcleversolutionsthanruralbirds.Whiletheyarealsomuchbraver，theurbanbirdsappeartobemorecautiouswhenexposedtounfamiliarthings.Theresultsdidnotsurprisetheresearchers.Afterall，birdslivingincitiesandtownsfacemanymorechallengesanddangersthanthosethatliveinthecountry.Butasitturnsout，thecitybirdsprovetohavebetterimmunitythanthoselivinginthecountryside.Whileadditionalstudiesneedtobedonetoseeifthisistrueforallcitybirds，thereisnoreasontobelievethattheresultswouldbeanydifferent.Thoughthisisthefirsttimeresearchershaveparedthecognitiveabilitiesofbirdslivingindifferentenvironments，itisnotthefirststudytoexaminethedifferencesbetweenbirdslivinginthecityandthecountry.Previousresearchhasshownthatblackbirdsinurbansettingsaresimilarlymorecautiousthanruralblackbirds，andthatsparrowsandblackbirdslivingincitiessingatahigherfrequencytobeheardovercitynoiseandtomakeupforsoundchangescausedbytallbuildings.Ifonlybirdsknewtheadvantagesoflivingamonghumans，maybemorewouldmovetocities!5．Howarecitybirdsdifferentfromcountrybirdsaccordingtotheresearch?A．Countrybirdshaveawiderrangeofadvantagesofsurvival.B．Citybirdsarebraverwhenfacingunfamiliarthingsorsituations.C．Citybirdshaveaweakerimmunesystembecauseofairpollution.D．Countrybirdsarelessskillfulatjobsrequiringcreationandskills.6．Whatconclusiondoestheauthorthinkfurtherstudieswilldraw?A．Countrybirdscanbetaughttheadvantageoflivingincities.B．CitybirdsaremoreresistanttodiseasesthanCountrybirds.C．Citybirdsfacelessunfamiliarthingsthancountrybirds.D．Countrybirdsaremorecarefulindangeroussituations.7．Whydourbansparrowsandblackbirdssingatahigherfrequency?A．Todealwithmoredangersincities.B．Toensureeffectivemunication.C．Toadaptthemselvestothebusycity.D．Togetoverthefardistancebetweeneachother.8．Whatisthepassagemainlyabout?A．Citybirdsaresmarterandhealthierthancountrybirds.B．WhataPh.D.studenthasdonehassurprisedtheworld.C．Thefirststudytoparebirds’differenceshasbeendone.D．Researchhasuncoveredbirds’immunesystemsandlearningpower.[語篇解讀]本文是一篇說明文。一項研究表明，與生活在鄉(xiāng)下的鳥兒相比，生活在城市的鳥兒更能創(chuàng)造性地解決問題，具有更強(qiáng)的免疫力。5．解析：考查細(xì)節(jié)理解。第一段概括了住在城里的鳥兒與住在農(nóng)村的鳥兒的不同之處：住在城市的鳥兒比農(nóng)村的鳥兒更會解決問題，更有創(chuàng)造性，免疫力更強(qiáng)。因此可知選D“在需要創(chuàng)造性和技能的工作上，農(nóng)村里的鳥兒熟練性要差一些”。答案：D6．解析：考查推理判斷。從第四段內(nèi)容尤其是“thereisnoreasontobelievethattheresultswouldbeanydifferent”可知，住在城市的鳥兒比農(nóng)村的鳥兒的免疫力更強(qiáng)，盡管需要更多的研究來證明所有城市里的鳥兒都是如此，但是沒有理由相信結(jié)果會不同。故選B。答案：B7．解析：考查推理判斷。從最后一段內(nèi)容尤其是“singatahigherfrequencytobeheardovercitynoiseandtomakeupforsoundchangescausedbytallbuildings”可知，住在城市的麻雀和燕八哥啼叫的頻率更高一些，是為了壓倒城市噪音并且彌補(bǔ)高樓造成的聲音變化而被其他鳥兒聽見，故選B。答案：B8．解析：考查主旨大意。全文介紹了研究者對于生活在城市和生活在農(nóng)村的鳥兒所做的研究，證明了城市的鳥兒比農(nóng)村的鳥兒更能創(chuàng)造性地解決問題，更勇敢，免疫力更強(qiáng)。故選A。答案：ACThejoyfultearsshedbyaTexaswomanandherlong－missingdaughteraftertheyreturnedtoHoustonfromMexicoonSaturdaysignaledtheendofaneight－yearcross－bordercustody(監(jiān)護(hù)權(quán))casethathadmistakenlysentanothergirltotheU．S.againstherwill.HoustonresidentDoroteaGarciaarrivedatBushIntercontinentalAirportonSaturdaymorningafterajudgeintheMexicanstateofMichoacánonFridayreturned13－year－oldAlondraDiaztoGarciafollowingDNAteststhatshowedtheyaremotheranddaughter.Diaz，anative－bornU．S.citizen，wastakentoMexicoin2007byherfather，ReynaldoDiaz.withouthermother’sconsent(同意)afterthecoupledivorced.GarciawaskeptinthedarkaboutAlondraDiaz’swhereaboutsuntilrecently.ThecasegainedattentionlastmonthafterajudgeinMexicomistakenlyruledthat14－year－oldAlondraLunawasthemissinggirlandorderedhertobeturnedovertoGarcia，whobroughtthegirltoHouston.DNAtestinglatershowedshewasn’tGarcia’sdaughterandshewasreturnedtoherrealfamilyinGuanajuato.WhenaskedaboutwhathadhappenedwiththemisidentificationofLunaasherdaughter，GarciasaidshewishedLunawellbutnowwantedtofocusonherdaughter’sreturn.VideorecordingscirculatedwidelyLunascreaminganddesperatelyresistingaspolicedraggedherawayinMexico.ThejudgeinMexicoinAprildeniedrequestsfromLunaandherfamilyforDNAtests，sayingitwasnotwithinthescopeofherauthority.AlondraLuna’sfamilyhasunsuccessfullysoughtanapologyfromthejudge.Themediaspotlightprompted(促使)ReynaldoDiaztodelivertherealAlondraDiaztofamilymemberswhothenpresentedhertoauthorities，sayingshewaspreparedtogolivewithhermother.ThejudgewaitedforDNAconfirmationinAlondraDiaz’scase.Garcia，whohadanemotionalreunionwithherdaughterthisweekinacourtroominLosReyes，Michoacán，saidshewouldnotpreventherex－h(huán)usbandfrombeingabletospeakwiththeirdaughter.9．WhatdidGarciagototheairporttodo?A．Seeherdaughteroff.B．ReceivetheDNAtests.C．Meetherdaughter.D．Waitforajudge.10．Whatlessonshouldthejudgedraw?A．Thinktwicebeforeyoujump.B．It’snotoveruntilthefatladysings.C．Amancandonomorethanhecan.D．Performyourdutyandlearntoberesponsible.11．WhatmakesReynaldoDiazreturnAlondraDiaztoGarcia?A．Thecourt’sjudgment.B．Pressurefromthemedia.C．AlondraDiaz’sdesire.D．TheagreementhemadewithGarcia.12．Whatcanbethebesttitleforthetext?A．Aneight－yearjourneybackhomeB．AgreatjokeonejudgeplayedaccidentallyC．A14－year－oldgirl’smiserableexperienceD．Anemotionalreunionbetweenmotheranddaughter[語篇解讀]本文為一篇記敘文，主要講述了休斯敦居民Garcia與其失散多年的女兒AlondraDiaz相認(rèn)的過程。9．解析：考查推理判斷。根據(jù)第一段可知，這對母女周六從墨西哥回到休斯敦后，一起長達(dá)八年的跨國監(jiān)護(hù)權(quán)案件結(jié)束了，再結(jié)合第二段中的“HoustonresidentDoroteaGarciaarrivedatBushIntercontinentalAirportonSaturdaymorningafterajudgeintheMexicanstateofMichoacánonFridayreturned13－year－oldAlondraDiaztoGarciafollowingDNAteststhatshowedtheyaremotheranddaughter”可推知，她去機(jī)場的目的是接失散多年的女兒。故選C。答案：C10．解析：考查推理判斷。根據(jù)第三段中的“...mistakenlyruledthat14－year－oldAlondraLunawasthemissinggirl”，第四段中的“...deniedrequestsfromLunaandherfamilyforDNAtests，sayingitwasnotwithinthescopeofherauthority”可知，這起錯案是這名墨西哥法官的不負(fù)責(zé)任導(dǎo)致的，故她應(yīng)該學(xué)會盡力履行職責(zé)，勇于擔(dān)當(dāng)。答案：D11．解析：考查細(xì)節(jié)理解。根據(jù)第四段中的“Themediaspotlightprompted(促使)ReynaldoDiaztodelivertherealAlondraDiaztofamilymembers”可知，媒體的關(guān)注促使ReynaldoDiaz將AlondraDiaz送回給Garcia。故選B。答案：B12．解析：考查主旨要義。根據(jù)文章內(nèi)容尤其是第一段中的“aTexaswomanandherlong－missingdaughteraftertheyreturnedtoHoustonfromMexicoonSaturdaysignaledtheendofaneight－yearcross－bordercustody(監(jiān)護(hù)權(quán))casethathadmistakenlysentanothergirltotheU.S．a(chǎn)gainstherwill”可知，本文講述了一對母女失散多年后重逢的故事。故D項作本文標(biāo)題最佳。答案：DDHelpUsFightTB!BackgroundTuberculosis(TB)isanairbornedisease.Symptomscanstartwithaseriouscough，followedbyahighfever，anddevelopintodifficultyinbreathingandcoughingupblood.TBisoneoftheworld’smostdangerousdiseases，with3millionpeopledyingeveryyear.Althoughavaccine(疫苗)andseveraldrugshavebeendevelopedtohelpfightTB，theTBbacteriumhasbeenevolvingresistancetoavailabletreatments.NearlyhalfofEuropeancasesarenowresistanttoatleastonedrug.PossibleSolutionThebacteriumhasanunusualcoatwhichprotectsitfrommanydrugs.Amongthefats，sugarsandproteinsinthiscoat，theTBbacteriumcontainsatypeoffattymolecules(分子)calledmycolicacids.TheHelpStopTBprojectwillusetheextraputingpowerdonatedbyIBM’sWorldmunityGridmemberstosimulate(模擬)thebehaviorandchemicalcharactersofmycolicacidstobetterunderstandhowtheyprotecttheTBbacteria.Scientistshopetousetheresultstoeventuallydevelopbettertreatmentsforthisdeadlydisease.YourHelpYoucanhelpresearchersbysigningyourputerupforIBM’sWorldmunityGridtobeepartofavirtualsuperputer.Volunteersmaketheprocessingpowerontheirdevicesavailablewhenotherwisenotbeingused—say，duringtheirlunchhourorovernight—toperformthecalculationsnecessaryforthesesimulations.VolunteersdownloadanApptotheirputers；itrecognizeswhenthemachineisn’tbeingused，thenstartstoprocessdata，andautomaticallystopswhenthemachineisneededfornormaluse.It’ssafeandputsotherwisewastedelectricpowertogooduse.Whynotjoinus?Yourhelpwillmakeadifferencetopeople’slife!ProjectDetailsPrincipalScientist：AnnaCroftDates：OngoingProjectType：DataProcessingGradeLevel：AllAgesHowtoJoin：VisitIBM’sWorldmunityGridanddownloadanApptoyourputers.13．WhatsignmayapersoncatchingTBfirstshow?A．Aseriouscough. B．Ahighfever.C．Difficultyinbreathing. D．Coughingupblood.14．What