2024年九省新高考第二次模擬考試卷：英語（九省新高考卷02）（全解全析）

2024年高考第二次模擬考試（九省新高考02）

英語

（考試時間：120分鐘試卷滿分：150分）

注意事項：

1.答卷前，考生務(wù)必將自己的姓名、考生號等填寫在答題卡和試卷指定位置上。

2.回答選擇題時，選出每小題答案后，用鉛筆把答題卡對應(yīng)題目的答案標號涂黑。如需改動，用橡皮

擦干凈后，再選涂其他答案標號?；卮鸱沁x擇題時，將答案寫在答題卡上。寫在本試卷上無效。

3.考試結(jié)束后，將本試卷和答題卡一并交回。

第一部分聽力（共兩節(jié)，滿分30分）

第一節(jié)（共5小題；每小題1分，滿分5分）

聽下面5段對話。每段對話后有一個小題，從題中所給的A、B、C三個選項中選出最佳選項。聽完每段對

話后，你都有10秒鐘的時間來回答有關(guān)小題和閱讀下一小題。每段對話僅讀一遍。

1.WhatwilltheweatherbelikeonSunday?

A.Rainy.B.Cloudy.C.Sunny.

【答案】C

【原文】M:Grace,shallwegoonapicnictomorrow?

W:ButtheweatherforecastsaiditwillrainonSaturday.

M:Really?Letmesee...Saturdaywillbecloudyanditwon'tstartraininguntilevening.Itlookslikethedayafter

tomorrowitwillclearup.

2.Whoisthemanprobably?

A.Ahairdresser.B.Adressmaker.C.Adoctor.

【答案】A

【原文】M:Goodmorning!Howwouldyoulikeyourhaircut,madam?

W:Catitshortinthehack,andtakealittleoffthetop,please.

M:OK.Isee.

3.Whendidthewomanwanttobeawriter?

A.Whenshewasakid.

B.Whensheworkedatabookstore.

C.Whenshehadsomebookspublished.

【答案】B

【原文】M:Linda,whatreallymadeyouwanttobecomeawriter?

W:IalwayslovedreadingbookswhenIwassmall.AftergraduatingIgotajobatachildren'sbookstore.Thatwas

whenIfirststartedthinkingaboutmakingbooks.NowIhaveseveralbookspublished.

4.Howdothespeakersfeelnow?

A.Surprised.B.Happy,C.Annoyed.

【答案】C

［原文］W:Ineedtogooutforabreak.Theloudmusiciskillingme!

M:We*vegottotalktoourneighbor.Hecan'talwaysthrowthese"'surpriseparties^^onweekendsjustbecausehe

feelshappytodoso!

5.Whatwillthespeakersprobablydonext?

A.Packsomeboxes.B.Gohomeandrest.C.Continueworking.

【答案】B

【原文】M:Tmreallytiredfrompackingalltheseboxesforthreehours.Ifsabouttimetocallitaday.

W:Iknow.Maybewecoulddoittomorrowmorning.

M:Whynot?Theseordersarenoturgent.

第二節(jié)（共15小題；每小題1分，滿分15分）

聽下面5段對話或獨白。每段對話或獨白后有幾個小題，從題中所給的A、B、C三個選項中選出最佳選項。

聽每段對話或獨白前，你將有時間閱讀各個小題，每小題5秒鐘；聽完后，各小題將給出5秒鐘的作答時

間。每段對話或獨白讀兩遍。

【聽第6段材料，回答第6、7題?！?/p>

6.Whatisthewomandoing?

A.ChattingonlineB.Readingsomenews.C.WatchingagameonTV.

7.WhatdoesthewomanthinkofHildaMagaya'sperformance?

A.Verybad.B.Abitdissatisfying.C.Surprisinglygreat.

【答案】6.B7.C

【原文】M:WhatareyoudoingontheInternet,Melisa?

W:Fmreadingsomenews.IjustreadthatSouthAfrica^women'ssoccerteamwonitsfirsttitleagainstthehome

countryMoroccoattheWomen'sAfricaCupofNations.

M:Oh,thafsreallygreatnewsfortheteam,Soareyouafanoftheteam?

W:Yes,IespeciallylikeHildaMagaya.

M:Howdidshedointhegame?

W:Shedidsowell-beyondallmyexpectations.Youknow,shescoredtwotimesinaneight-minutetimeframeto

gainthe2-1victory.

【聽第7段材料，回答第8、9題?！?/p>

8.Whatwaswrongwiththewoman'scar?

A.Itsbatterywasflat.B.Itspetrolwasusedup.C.Itwastoooldtodrive.

9.Whatisthewomangoingtodo?

A.Buyanewcar.

B.Rechargethebatteryathome.

C.Returnthebatterytotheshop.

【答案】8.A9.C

【原文】W:Mycarwouldn'tstartthismorning.

M:Itusedtohaveaproblemlikethat.Didyoucheckthebattery?

W:Yeah.Itwasdeadagain.Ihadtofindsomeonetocheckitforme.

M:Well,maybeyoushouldbuyanewbattery.

W:ButIjustboughtthisonethreemonthsago.Ifsstillnew!

M:Maybetheyweredishonestandgaveyouanoldone.

W:Well,Idon'tknow.Whateveritis,I'mgoingtoreturnit.Ifsridiculous!

【聽第8段材料，回答第10至12題?！?/p>

10.WhatdidBettywanttobewhenshewasachild?

A.Awriter.B.Adirector.C.Abusinesswoman.

11.WhatisBetty'smotherinterestedinnow?

A.Makingdesserts.B.Growingplants.C.Writingstories.

12.WhatdoesBettythinkofherjob?

A.Interesting.B.Boring.C.Complicated.

【答案】10.A11.B12.A

【原文】M:Betty,whafsyourdreamjobwhenyouwereachild?

W:IwantedtowritestorieswhenIwasyoung.IwasreallycrazyaboutcharactersandplotsinthestorybooksthatI

readintheschoollibrary.

M:Sohowdidyouenduprunningabakery?

W:Well,mymumretiredlastyear,soItookoverherbakery.Sheusedtolikemakingvariousdeliciousdesserts,

cakesandbread,butnowshedevotesherselftoplantingflowersandvegetables.

M:Ireallyadmireyourmother.Shealwaysdoeswhatshelikes.Sodoyoulikeyourjob?

W:Yes.Igainasenseofsuccessandsatisfactionwhenthebusinessisgreat.AndIalsohavelotsoffunteaching

peoplehowtobake.Whataboutyou?

M:Thafsgreat.Myjobisratherboringcomparedtoyours.

【聽第9段材料，回答第13至16題?！?/p>

13.Howdoesthewomanknowthatthecenterhassomegoodthings?

A.ShesawitsadonTV.

B.Shehearditsadontheradio.

C.Shereaditsadinthenewspaper.

14.Whodoesthewomanbuyitfor?

A.Herfriend.B.Herhusband.C.Herfather.

15.Whatsizewillthewomanwant?

A.Size38.B.Size40.C.Size42.

16.Howmuchisthetie?

A.$29.B.$39.C.$49.

【答案】13.A14.B15.C16.A

【原文】M:Hello,NewCentury'sShoppingCenter.CanIhelpyou?

W:Hello,thisisMrs.Andersonspeaking.IsawyouradvertisementonTVthatyouhavegotsomegoodthingson

men'ssuitsthisweek.

M:Yes,Madam.

W:WhatIwouldliketobuyisadark,businesstypesuit.Somethinginwool,Ithink.

M:Wehavesomeexcellentpurewoolsuits.Woolhasthebestofeverything,comfort,quality,value.Whatsizedo

youwant?

W:Usuallymyhusbandisa40,buthehasgainedalittleweightlately.

M:Oh,you'dbetterhavea42.Whatcolor?

W：rdlikesomethingdarkgray,ornavyblue,orevenblack.AndI'dpreferasolidcolor.

M:You'Hbesatisfied,lady.Bytheway,wehaveafineselectionoftiestogowiththesuits.Maybeyouwouldlike

tocometohavealook.

W:Oh,andhowmuchisit?

M:Ifstwenty-ninedollars.Verycheap.

W:OK.Iwillcomeoverandhavealookatit.Thankyou.Good-bye.

M:Good-bye.

聽下面一段獨白，回答以下小題。

17.WhatprobablyhappenedinFountainHillsduringthewinter?

A.Itdidn'trainmuch.B.Allanimalsdiedoff.C.Manychemicalswereused.

18.Whichwasaresultoftheenvironmentaldamage?

A.Peoplegotsickeasily.

B.Blackbirdsweremissing.

C.Thefarmlandcouldn'tproducefood.

19.Whydidalotofbeesdisappear?

A.Theywereeatenbybirds.

B.Theyweredyingoffthemselves.

C.Theywerekilledbythegovernment.

20.Whatdothescientistsoffertodo?

A.Tellpeopletheimportanceofbees.

B.Teachfarmershowtogrowfood.

C.Bringbeesfromthetown.

【答案】17.A18.A19.C20.A

【原文】InthesmalltownofFountainHillsandthenearbyarea,naturewasdyingoffquickly.Somepeople

thoughtitwasbecauseithardlyrainedatallduringlastwinter,anditwasoneofthedriestwinterstheareahad

experiencedonrecord.Itwassobadthatsomepeopleeventhoughtthatthegovernmentwasdoingsecretchemical

testing.ThefarmlandaroundFountainHillswasnolongerproducinggoodfood,andpeopleweregettingsickmore

often.Oneday,somescientistscametoseeiftheycouldfindoutthecause.Astheywerewalkingthroughafield

thatwasonlyhalf-fullofsunflowers,theynoticedsomethingunusual:thesilence.Exceptafewblackbirdscalling,

therewasnonoise.Theyknewsomethingimportantwasmissing-thebees!Thescientistsrushedbacktothe

townanddiscoveredthatthelocalgovernmenthadbeenkillingoffthelargepopulationofbeesthere.Fortunately,

thescientistscameupwithasolution.Theyofferedtoteachthelocalpeopleabouthowbeesaregoodforthe

environmentandtheirlives,andhowbeeswouldhelptheareastartgrowingagain.Inthefuture,thescientists

wouldremovebeesfromthetownifthepopulationofthebeesgrewtoobigagain.

第二部分閱讀（共兩節(jié)，滿分50分）

第一節(jié)（共15小題:每小題2.5分，滿分37.5分）

閱讀下列短文，從每題所給的A、B、C、D四個選項中選出最佳選項。

A

TopPianoPlayersintheWorld

MarthaArgerich

MarthaArgerichcouldbeconsideredthenextBeethoven,assheisoneofthemostoutstandingpianistseverto

play.Argerichpreferredbeingonstagewithothersinsteadofperformingsolo;therefore,shehasbeenperforming

inaconcertoformatsincethe1980s.Argerichwasnotoneforthespotlight,assheoftenavoidedpublic

appearancessuchasinterviews;however,hergreattalentwasallthepublicitysheneeded,standingoutduring

concertosandsonatas.

LeifOveAndsnes

KnownforhisappealingperformancesofEdvardGrieg'sworks,Andsneshaswonpraiseforhisperformances

atsomeoftheworld'smostfamousconcerthalls.AndsneshascertainlymadehismarkinNorway,asheisthe

foundingdirectorofNorway'sRosendalChamberMusicFestival.Becauseofhisuniquevoiceandinteresting

approach,hewaspraisedbyTheNewYorkTimesasa“pianistofauthoritativeelegance,power,andinsight.9,

AlfredBrendel

KnownforhisbeautifulinterpretationsofBeethoven,Haydn,SchubertandMozart,AlfredBrendelwas

consideredoneofthegreats.Heplayedinvariousconcertosthroughouthiscareerandbecameknownforhis

interpretivecoldnessinrecreatingtheseworks.Brendelwasconsideredoneofthegreatestmusiciansofthe20th

century,ashemadehismarkintheclassicalmusicindustry.Brendelwasself-taughtandlearnedhisloveofpiano

atanearlyage.

ArthurRubinstein

ArthurRubinsteinwascertainlyoneofthegreats.Hiscareerbeganintheearly20thcenturywhenhebeganto

comeintocontactwithsomeoftheworld'smostimportantcomposers,suchasMauriceRavel,PaulDukas,and

JacquesThibaud.Hemadevarioustripsworldwideandvisitednearlyeverycontinent,wherecrowdsmethimwith

greatpraiseandencouragement.

21.Whatdoesthefemalepianistfocusoninhercareer?

A.Skillsinhostingconcertosandsonatas.B.Cooperationwithothermusicians.

C.Closerelationshipswiththemedia.D.Uniquewaystointerpretmusic.

22.Wholearnedmusicbyhimselforherself?

A.MarthaArgerich.B.LeifOveAndsnes.

C.AlfredBrendel.D.ArthurRubinstein.

23.HowisArthurRubinsteindifferentfromtheotherpianists?

A.HewasthedirectorofaNorwegianfestival.

B.Hemadeadifferenceinclassicalmusic.

C.Hewasthebestmusicianofthe20thcentury.

D.Hegotintouchwithsomefamouscomposers.

【答案】21.B22.C23.D

【導(dǎo)語】這是一篇應(yīng)用文。本文簡要介紹了四位世界頂級鋼琴演奏家：MarthaArgerich,LeifOveAndsnes,

AlfredBrendel和ArthurRubinstein

21.細節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)MarthaArgerich部分中“Argerichpreferredbeingonstagewithothersinsteadof

performingsolo;therefore,shehasbeenperforminginaconcertoformatsincethe1980s.（阿格里奇更喜歡和別人

一起在舞臺上表演，而不是獨自表演;因此，從20世紀80年代開始，她一直以協(xié)奏曲的形式演出）”可知，

MarthaArgerich在她的職業(yè)生涯中注重的是和其他音樂家的合作。故選B。

22.細節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)AlfredBrendel部分中“Brendelwasself-taughtandlearnedhisloveofpianoatanearly

age.（布倫德爾自學(xué)成才，在很小的時候就愛上了鋼琴）”可知，Brendel自學(xué)音樂。故選C。

23.細節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)ArthurRubinstein部分中“Hiscareerbeganintheearly20thcenturywhenhebegantocome

intocontactwithsomeoftheworld'smostimportantcomposers,suchasMauriceRavel,PaulDukas,andJacques

Thibaud.（他的職業(yè)生涯始于20世紀初，當時他開始接觸到一些世界上最重要的作曲家，如莫里斯?拉威爾、

保羅?杜卡斯和雅克?蒂博）”可知，Rubinstein的職業(yè)生涯始于20世紀初，當時他開始接觸到一些世界上最有

影響力的作曲家。故選D。

B

WhenIgraduatedfromcollegeandmovedtoWashington,D.C.in2017,Ileftallofmyfriendsbehind.

Makingandofferinghome-cookedmealswasmybestattemptatmakingnewfriendsandcuringmyloneliness.My

foodwasprettygood.Soonenough,everyonewasaskingmefortherecipes,whichishowBunBoBae,my

cookingblog,cametobein2019.

Asamatteroffact,Ispentmostofmychildhoodinthekitchenwithmymom.Asatoddler,I'dsitandwatch

hercook.Mydutiesstartedwithjustpassinghertheingredients.Soon,Iwasmeasuring,steamingandstir-frying

mywaytowardkitchenmastery.IleftforcollegebeforeIcouldlearnmymom'sbestdishes.

In2015,1wentabroadtostudyinFrance.Iwaslivingalone-trulyalone-forthefirsttimeinmylife.There

werenoroommates,dormsordininghalls.IwasonmyownandIwasdesperatelyhomesick.So,Istartedcalling

mymomandaskingfortherecipesformyfavoritedishes.

Itturnsoutthatmymomdoesn'thaveanyrecipesandmygrandmapassedonherknowledgeorally.Nowit

wasmyturn.BunBoBaewasinitiallyaspaceformetoputwhatIlearnedintowriting.Ididn'twantallofthe

secretknowledgebehinddishestodisappearonedayiftheoraltraditionended.Iwantedtowritedowneverypiece

ofadviceIwasgivenindetail,tomakesurepeoplecouldkeepcreatingthesedishesasauthenticallyaspossible.

MybloghasgivenmeaspacetowriteaboutwhatIloveondayswhenIfeeltoodepressed.It'sconnectedme

tocountlessnewInternetfriends.Mostimportantly,writingforBunBoBaehastaughtmethatIshouldcookup

somethingentirelynewwithmyownexperienceinsteadofperfectlyrecreatingmyparents9traditions.

24.WhydidtheauthorestablishBunBoBae?

A.Toremovethefeelingofloneliness.B.Tosatisfynewfriends'requirements.

C.Totrytoimprovehercookingskills.D.Toshareopinionsoncookingmeals.

25.Whatisthesecondparagraphmainlyabout?

A.Theauthorisagreathelperinthekitchen.B.Theauthorhasamemorablechildhood.

C.Theauthormakesprogressincooking.D.Theauthorfailstoenjoythebestdishes.

26.Whichofthefollowingcanbestdescribetheauthor?

A.Professionalandoutgoing.B.Ambitiousandcaring.

C.Independentandhonest.D.Generousandresponsible.

27.HowdoesBunBoBaehelptheauthor?

A.Bygivingachancetoenrichherexperience.B.Byinspiringhertodevelophercreativity.

C.Byofferingaplatformtoexpressherself.D.Byremindinghertospreadherparents*traditions.

【答案】24.B25.C26.D27.B

【導(dǎo)語】這是一篇記敘文。本文主要講述了作者創(chuàng)建烹飪博客BunB。Bae的原因和感受。

24.細節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)第一段"Myfoodwasprettygood.Soonenough,everyonewasaskingmefortherecipes,

whichishowBunBoBae,mycookingblog,cametobein2019.（我的食物很好吃。很快，每個人都向我要食譜，

這就是我的烹飪博客BunBoBae在2019年誕生的原因）”可知，作者創(chuàng)建烹飪博客BunBoBae是為了滿足

新朋友們的要求——討要菜譜。故選B。

25.主旨大意題。根據(jù)第二段“Asamatteroffact,Ispentmostofmychildhoodinthekitchenwithmymom.Asa

toddler,I'dsitandwatchhercook.Mydutiesstartedwithjustpassinghertheingredients.Soon,Iwasmeasuring,

steamingandstir-fryingmywaytowardkitchenmastery.IleftforcollegebeforeIcouldlearnmymom'sbest

dishes.（事實上，我童年的大部分時間都是和媽媽在廚房里度過的。當我還是個蹣跚學(xué)步的孩子時，我會坐

在那里看她做飯。我的職責(zé)是從給她遞食材開始的。很快，我就學(xué)會了量菜、蒸菜和炒菜，逐漸成為廚房

的行家。我還沒學(xué)會我媽拿手的菜就去上大學(xué)了戶可知，這一段主要講述的是作者在烹飪方面取得的進步。

故選Co

26.推理判斷題。根據(jù)第四段“Ididn*twantallofthesecretknowledgebehinddishestodisappearonedayifthe

oraltraditionended.IwantedtowritedowneverypieceofadviceIwasgivenindetail,tomakesurepeoplecould

keepcreatingthesedishesasauthenticallyaspossible.（我不希望有一天，隨著口述傳統(tǒng)的終結(jié)，所有隱藏在菜

肴背后的秘密知識都消失了。我想詳細地寫下我得到的每一條建議，以確保人們能夠盡可能地繼續(xù)制作這

些菜肴）”可知，作者不希望隱藏在菜肴背后的秘密知識消失，所以主動承擔(dān)起傳承菜譜的責(zé)任，并把菜譜寫

在博客上來與大家分享，以確保人們能夠制作這些菜肴。故可推知，作者是一個既有責(zé)任感又慷慨的人。

故選Do

27.細節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)最后一段"Mostimportantly,writingforBunBoBaehastaughtmethatIshouldcookup

somethingentirelynewwithmyownexperienceinsteadofperfectlyrecreatingmyparents*traditions.（最重要的是，

為BunBoBae寫作教會了我，我應(yīng)該用自己的經(jīng)驗創(chuàng)造出全新的東西，而不是完美地重現(xiàn)父母的傳統(tǒng)）”可

知，BunB。Bae啟發(fā)作者，讓作者用自己的經(jīng)驗創(chuàng)造一些全新的東西，而不是完美地重現(xiàn)父母的傳統(tǒng)。由

此可知，博客BunBoBae鼓勵作者開發(fā)創(chuàng)造力。故選B。

C

Someantshavefiguredouthowtoavoidgettinglost:buildtalleranthills,accordingtoarecentstudy.

Desertantslivinginthehot,flatsaltpansofTunisiaspendtheirdayslookingforfoodandreachasfaras1.1

kilometersfromtheirnests.Tofindtheirwayhome,desertantsuseanavigationsystem,relyingonthesun's

positionandcountingtheirstepstotracktheirlocationrelativetotheirnest.

Butthissystembecomesincreasinglyunreliableasthedistancefromthenestincreases."Werealizedthat,

whenevertheantsinsaltpanscameclosertotheirnest,theysuddenlypinpointedthenesthillfromseveralmeters

distance,9,saysMarkusKnaden,aresearcheratMaxPlanckInstituteforChemicalEcology.tuThismadeusthink

thatthehillservesasanest-defininglandmark.9,

SoKnadenandcolleaguescapturedantsfromnestsinthemiddleofsaltpansandfromalongtheirshorelines.

Onlysalt-pannestshaddistincthills,upto40centimeterstall,whereasthehillsonshorelinenestswereloweror

barelynoticeable.Next,theteamremovedanyhillsandplacedthecapturedinsectssomedistanceawayfromtheir

nests.Salt-panantsstruggledmorethanshoreantstofindhomes.Shoreantsreliedontheshorelineforguidance

andweren,taffectedbythehillremoval,theresearchersconcluded.

Theteamfurtherconductedanotherstudytoseeifdesertantsweredeliberatelybuildingatallerhillwhen

theirsurroundingslackedanyvisiblelandmarks.So,theresearchersremovedthehillsof16salt-pannestsand

installed（安裝）two50-centimeter-tallblocksneareightofthem.Theothereightnestswereleftwithoutany

artificialvisualaid.Afterthreedays,theresearchersfoundthatsevenantsfromtheunaidednestshadrebuilttheir

hills.Butonlytwoantsfromthenestswithman-madeblocksnearbyhadbotheredtorebuild.

“Itimpliesthatantsregularlyassessthecomplexityoftheirenvironmentandchangetheirdecisionsbasedon

theirconclusion,9,saysecologistJudithBronsteinoftheUniversityofArizona.

28.Whataspectofantsistherecentstudymainlyabout?

A.Challengesofsurvival.B.Landmarksofhabitats.

C.Intelligenceofnavigation.D.Comparisonofvarieties.

29.Whatdoestheunderlinedword“pinpointed“inparagraph2mean?

A.Explored.B.Recognized.C.Climbed.D.Crossed.

30.Whydidresearcherssetshorelineantsintheexperiment?

A.Toobservedifferentants5reactions.B.Toproveimpactsofvarioushabitats.

C.Todisturbdesertants9navigationsystem.D.Totestanthills9functionsandsignificance.

31.Whatconclusionaboutdesertantscanbedrawnfromthefollow-upstudy?

A.Evaluateandmakechanges.B.Visualaidisamust.

C.Cooperationbringsvictory.D.Noman-madeblocksareused.

【答案】28.C29.B30.A31.A

【導(dǎo)語】本文是一篇說明文。文章探討了沙漠螞蟻的“智能化導(dǎo)航”。

【詳解】1.細節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)第一段“Someantshavefiguredouthowtoavoidgettinglost:buildtalleranthills,

accordingtoarecentstudy.（一些螞蟻已經(jīng)想出了如何避免迷路：根據(jù)最近的一項研究，就是建造更高的蟻丘）”

以及第二、三段中的內(nèi)容可知，研究發(fā)現(xiàn)沙漠螞蟻利用太陽的位置和計算步數(shù)來確定自己相對于巢穴的位

置，并且當它們離巢越遠時，這種導(dǎo)航系統(tǒng)越不可靠。研究者進一步觀察了沙漠鹽田和海岸線地區(qū)的螞蟻

巢穴，發(fā)現(xiàn)只有沙漠鹽田的巢穴上方有明顯的小丘，而海岸線地區(qū)的巢穴則較低或幾乎不可見。由此可知，

這項研究主要關(guān)于螞蟻導(dǎo)航的智能化。故選Co

2.詞句猜測題。根據(jù)劃線詞下文“Thismadeusthinkthatthehillservesasanest-defininglandmark.（這讓我們覺

得這座山就像是一個定義巢穴的地標）”可知，研究者認為這個小丘是沙漠螞蟻定位巢穴的地標，它們在接近

巢穴時會一下子在幾米遠的距離外辨認出巢穴小丘。由此可知，劃線詞pinpointed的意思是“辨認”。故選B。

3.推理判斷題。根據(jù)第四段的內(nèi)容可知，研究者對沙漠螞蟻和海岸線螞蟻進行了實驗，目的是比較它們在失

去小丘后找回巢穴的情況。因此，研究者在實驗中設(shè)置海岸線螞蟻是為了觀察不同螞蟻的反應(yīng)和表現(xiàn)。故

選A。

4.細節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)第五段中的"Afterthreedays,theresearchersfoundthatsevenantsfromtheunaidednests

hadrebuilttheirhills.Butonlytwoantsfromthenestswithman-madeblocksnearbyhadbotheredtorebuild.（三天

后，研究人員發(fā)現(xiàn)，無人幫助的螞蟻巢中有七只螞蟻重建了它們的丘陵。但是只有兩只來自附近有人造障

礙的螞蟻巢中的螞蟻費心去重建）”以及最后一段中的“Itimpliesthatantsregularlyassessthecomplexityof

theirenvironmentandchangetheirdecisionsbasedontheirconclusion」這意味著螞蟻定期評估其環(huán)境的復(fù)雜性,

并根據(jù)他們的結(jié)論改變他們的決定）”可知，研究者進行了一項后續(xù)研究，發(fā)現(xiàn)當人為移除沙漠螞蟻的鹽田巢

穴的小丘時，一些螞蟻重新建造了它們的小丘，而有一些螞蟻利用人為搭建的地標建巢。由此可知，螞蟻

會定期評估周圍環(huán)境的復(fù)雜性，并根據(jù)自己的結(jié)論改變決策。故選A。

D

Peoplesolvesomenewproblemsreadilywithoutanyspecialtrainingorpracticebycomparingthemto

familiarproblemsandextendingthesolutionstothenewproblems.Thatprocess,knownasanalogicalreasoning

（類比推理），haslongbeenthoughttobeanabilityonlyhumanshave.Butnowpeoplemighthavetomakeroom

foranewkidontheblock.

PsychologistsfromtheUniversityofCalifornia,LosAngeles（UCLA）claimthat,astonishingly,theartificial

intelligence（AI）languagemodelGPT-3performsaboutaswellascollegeundergraduateswhenaskedtosolvethe

sortofreasoningproblemsthattypicallyappearonintelligencetestsandstandardizedtests.

Butthepsychologistsraisethequestion:IsGPT-3copyinghumanreasoningasaby-productofitsmassive

languagetrainingdatasetorusingafundamentallynewkindofcognitive（認知的）process?Theyalsosaythat

althoughGPT-3performsfarbetterthantheyexpectedatsomereasoningtasks,thepopularAItoolstillfails

completelyatothers.46Itcandoanalogicalreasoning,butitcan'tdothingsthatareveryeasyforpeople,suchas

usingtoolstosolveaphysicaltask,"saysTaylorWebb,aUCLApostdoctoralresearcherinpsychology.

WebbandhiscolleaguestestedGPT-3'sabilitytosolveasetofproblemsinspiredbyatestknownasRaven's

ProgressiveMatrices,whichaskthesubjecttopredictthenextimageinacomplicatedarrangementofshapes.To

enableGPT-3to“see"theshapes,andmakesurethattheAItoolhadnevermetthequestionsbefore,Webb

transformedtheimagesintoatextformatthatGPT-3couldprocess.

Thepsychologistsasked40UCLAundergraduatestudentstosolvethesameproblems.Surprisingly,notonly

didGPT-3doaboutaswellashumansbutitmadesimilarmistakesaswell.GPT-3solved80%oftheproblems

correctly——wellabovethehumansubjects9averagescoreofjustbelow60%,butwithintherangeofthehighest

humanscores.

32.Whatisanalogicalreasoningusuallyconsidered?

A.Asimplelearningskill.B.Auniquehumanability.

C.Avitalthinkingprocess.D.Asolutiontoanyproblem.

33.WhatdidWebbwanttostressaboutGPT-3'sperformanceatothertasks?

A.Itssystemhassomelimitations.B.Itsapplicationhasn'tbeenpopular.

C.Itneedstobetrainedforthesetasks.D.Itisgoodatcopyinghumanreasoning.

34.Whyweretheshapeschangedtoatextformat?

A.Toadddifficultytothequestions.B.ToenableGP「3toseetheresults.

C.Toguaranteetheforeignnessofthetasks.D.TotestGPT-3'sabilitytoidentifytext.

35.WhatmightthepsychologistsconcludeaboutGPT-3fromtheirtests?

A.Itwillreplacehumansinsomecases.B.Itrarelymakesmistakeslikehumans.

C.Itisabletodothingsveryeasyforpeople.D.Itrunsundergraduatescloseinreasoning.

【答案】32.B33.A34.C35.D

【導(dǎo)語】這是一篇說明文。主要介紹了人們不需要經(jīng)過任何特殊的訓(xùn)練或?qū)嵺`就能輕松地解決一些新問題，

方法是將新問題與熟悉的問題進行比較，并將解決方案應(yīng)用到新問題上。這個過程被稱為類比推理。長期

以來，類比推理一直被認為是人類獨有的能力。但現(xiàn)在人們可能不得不為新來者騰出空間。

32.細節(jié)理解題。文章第一段講到"Thatprocess,knownasanalogicalreasoning（類比推理），haslongbeen

thoughttobeanabilityonlyhumanshave（這個過程被稱為類比推理，長期以來一直被認為是只有人類才能擁

有的能力）”可知，類比推理能力通常被認為是人類獨有的能力。故選B。

33.推理判斷題。文章第三段講到"althoughGPT-3performsfarbetterthantheyexpectedatsomereasoningtasks,

thepopularAItoolstillfailscompletelyatothers.'Itcandoanalogicalreasoning,butitcan'tdothingsthatare

veryeasyforpeople,suchasusingtoolstosolveaphysicaltask（盡管GPT-3在某些推理任務(wù)上的表現(xiàn)遠好于他

們的預(yù)期，但流行的人工智能工具在其他任務(wù)上仍然完全失敗?！彼梢赃M行類比推理，但不能做對人們來

說很容易的事情，比如使用工具解決物理任務(wù)）”可知，關(guān)于GPT-3在其他任務(wù)中的表現(xiàn)，Webb想強調(diào)的是

它的系統(tǒng)有一些局限性。故選A。

34.細節(jié)理解題。文章第四段講到"ToenableGPT-3to"see"theshapes,andmakesurethattheAItoolhadnever

metthequestionsbefore,WebbtransformedtheimagesintoatextformatthatGPT-3couldprocess.（為了使GPT-3

能夠“看到”形狀，并確保人工智能工具以前從未遇到過這些問題，Webb將圖像轉(zhuǎn)換為GPT-3可以處理的文

本格式。）”可知，將形狀更改為文本格式是為了保證任務(wù)的新穎性。故選C。

35.推理判斷題。文章第二段中的"theartificialintelligence（AI）languagemodelGPT-3performsaboutaswellas

collegeundergraduates（人工智能（AI）語言模型GPT-3的表現(xiàn)與大學(xué)本科生差不多）”以及最后一段講到

"Surprisingly,notonlydidGPT-3doaboutaswellashumansbutitmadesimilarmistakesaswell.（令人驚訝的是,

GPT-3不僅表現(xiàn)得和人類一樣好，而且也犯了類似的錯誤。廠可知，GPT-3的推理能力和大學(xué)本科生差不多

一樣好。D項中runsb.close"與某人不相上下，與某人差不多一樣好”。故選D。

第二節(jié)（共5小題:每小題2.5分，滿分12.5分）

閱讀下面短文，從短文后的選項中選出可以填入空白處的最佳選項。選項中有兩項為多余選項。

We'reluckytoliveinanagewhenthesumtotalofhumanknowledgeisprettyavailableattheclickofa

button.We'veneverhadaccesstosomuchinformation.36.Sohereareafewstrategiestosharpenyour

criticalthinking.

Watchoutforconfirmationpreudice（偏見）.37.Inrepeatedexperiments,psychologistshaveshown

we'remuchmorelikelytoacceptsomethingasevidenceifitconfirmswhatwealreadythinkweknow.Andwe9re

muchmorelikelytoignoreinformationifitisnotinlinewithourviews,whichwillaffectourabilitytoprocess

information.

Acknowledgesmalldifferences.Inlife,mostsituationsarevaryingandcomplicated.Admittingthatcanenrich

thewaythatweviewtheworld.Forexample,whatcolouristhesky?Well,theobviousanswerisblue.Butat

sunriseorsunset,itcanbered.Onacoldmistymorning,whiteorgray.38.

Practiseintellectualhumility（謙遜）.Oneapproachto,well,arguing,istolet