2024八年級英語下冊Unit8Agreenworld綜合素質(zhì)評價牛津譯林版

Unit8綜合素養(yǎng)評價限時:120分鐘滿分:100分一、單項(xiàng)選擇(共15小題;每小題1分,滿分15分)從A、B、C、D四個選項(xiàng)中,選出可以填入空白處的最佳選項(xiàng)。()1.—WhatshouldIdotolive________greenlife?—Ithinkyoushouldgoby________bikeinsteadofdrivingyourcar.A.a;a B.the;/ C.a;/ D.an;/()2.Itisamazingthattheserockswere________morethan4,000millionyearsago.A.expected B.formed C.held D.touched()3.Ithinkwemustgiveupusingplasticbagsto________ourearth.A.produce B.protect C.provide D.pollute()4.NotonlyDavidbutalsohiscousin________totheGreatWallbefore.A.hasbeen B.havebeen C.hasgone D.havegone()5.Inthecompetition,boysandgirls________twogroupstofight.A.separateinto B.areseparatedintoC.separatefrom D.areseparatedfrom()6.—Canyoufinishthejobalone?—IamsureIcanifI________onemorehour.A.give B.willgive C.amgiven D.gave()7.—Paul,couldyouplease________theTV?It’stoonoisy.—Sorry,I’lldoitrightnow.A.turnup B.turningupC.turndown D.turningdown()8.[2024連云港海州區(qū)一模]Today,teenagersshouldbetaughttospendtheirpocketmoney________.A.politely B.wisely C.suddenly D.closely()9.[2024揚(yáng)州江都區(qū)邵樊片二模]Whataction________topreventaccidentslikethisfromnowon?A.takes B.wastaken C.istaken D.willbetaken()10.I’mafraidthatthistypeofenergywill________ifwekeepwastingit.A.runsout B.ranout C.runout D.berunout()11.________iswise________peopletotaketheunderground.A.It;with B.It;of C.This;of D.That;for()12.Withoutenoughtrees,soilwon’tbekept________.Andthensandstormsmayoftenhappen.A.intheplace B.onplace C.inplace D.ontheplace()13.Thegovernmentshouldstopthemfrom________treesintheforest.A.cuttingdown B.puttingdown C.takingdown D.lettingdown()14.Thewriterisoneofthegreatestandoldest________writers.Heisstill________.A.living;alive B.living;living C.alive;living D.alive;alive()15.—Areyougoingtodoapart-timejobinyourfreetime?—Yes.Idon’tthinkIshouldalways________myparents.A.turnon B.dependon C.puton D.comeon二、完形填空(共15小題;每小題1分,滿分15分)閱讀下面短文,從短文后每題所給的A、B、C、D四個選項(xiàng)中,選出可以填入空白處的最佳選項(xiàng)。Weareluckytoliveinarichcountrywherewehavemanythings.However,mostofususually16________somethings.Electricity(電)isonethingthatwewaste17________.Lights,TVs,18________andotherthingsareoftenkeptonevenwhennooneisusingthem.Weshouldturnthemoffwhenwedonotneedthem.It19________lessthanasecondtodoit.Anyhow,notwastingelectricitysavesmoney,becausewedonothaveto20________theelectricitywedonotuse.Thesecondthingthatweoftenwasteiswater.Freshwaterisprecious(寶貴的),21________itshouldn’tbewasted.Itisonlyasimplematterofturningoffatap.Iamsure22________candothiseasilyifhewantsto.23________bigwasteisfood.Mymother24________cooksomuchfoodthatmuchofitwasthrownaway.Itoldherwehadwastedsomuch25________.ShethoughtIwasrightandnowshecooks26________whatwecaneatup.Itisnot27________tobewasteful.Ifindthereisasimple28________ofnotwastingthings.Thatistouseonlywhatwe29________.Donottouchwhatwedonotneed.30________thiswaywecanstopbeingwasteful.()16.A.use B.wash C.waste D.forget()17.A.few B.little C.most D.least()18.A.bikes B.doors C.radios D.apples()19.A.costs B.takes C.keeps D.brings()20.A.afford B.save C.payfor D.carefor()21.A.so B.but C.because D.though()22.A.nobody B.something C.everybody D.nothing()23.A.Others B.Other C.Another D.Theother()24.A.plannedto B.usedto C.wasafraidto D.wasableto()25.A.electricity B.water C.food D.money()26.A.mainly B.only C.mostly D.specially()27.A.right B.fine C.bad D.necessary()28.A.way B.thing C.plan D.project()29.A.buy B.need C.bring D.get()30.A.In B.On C.At D.For三、閱讀理解(共兩節(jié),滿分40分)第一節(jié)(共10小題;每小題2分,滿分20分)閱讀下面短文,從短文后所給的A、B、C、D四個選項(xiàng)中,選出最佳選項(xiàng)。AIremembergoingtothelocaluniversityforanastronomy(天文學(xué))nightwhenIwasachild.Thatnight,IsawSaturn,oneoftheplanets,anditsringswithmyowneyesforthefirsttime.Theringsshonebrightlyagainsttheblacknessofspaceandsuddenlytheuniverse(宇宙)wasn’tsomethingthatyouonlyreadaboutorimaginedinyourhead.Itwasrightthere,andyouwereapartofit.Thatmomentispriceless.Whilestarlightisgood,lightpollutionhereontheEarthcanbearealproblem.Forthepast200yearsorso,wehaveusedtoomuchelectricitytomakethenightbrighter.However,brighterdoesn’tusuallymeanbetter,especiallywhenalotofthatlightshinesupintotheskywherenooneneedsit.Luckily,somecitieshavetakenaction,likesettingupnewdownward-directinglightsalongthestreets.Ihopethatmorecitieswilljoininandcontinuethepracticeofcontrollingunnecessarylighting,sothatmoreofuscanwatchthenightskyinawayhumanshaveforthousandsofyears.()31.Whatdoesthewriterthinkoftheastronomynight?A.Itopenedhiseyes. B.Itcontrolledhismind.C.Itwasarealproblem. D.Ittookhimtoomuchtime.()32.Whatdoesthewriterhopefor?A.Abrighternight. B.Lessuseoflighting.C.Morepersonalspace. D.Abettereducation.()33.Whatisthewriter’spurposeofwritingthisarticle?A.Tosharehisexperienceofvisitingthelocaluniversity.B.Todescribethebeautyofthenightsky.C.Tocallonpeopletouselesslightatnight.D.Toletmorestudentsstudyastronomy.BIsitpossibletohaveadiet(日常飲食)that’sbothhealthyandfriendlytoourplanet?Hereareanswerstoyoureco-friendlyfoodquestions.DoeswhatIeatinfluenceclimate(氣候)change?Yes.Theworld’sfoodsystemisresponsiblefor(為……負(fù)責(zé))aboutonequarteroftheplanet-warminggreenhousegasesthathumansproduceeachyear.Thatincludesraisingandharvestingalltheplants,animals,andanimalproductsweeat,aswellasprocessing,packaging,andshippingfoodtomarketsallovertheworld.Whichfoodshavethelargestinfluence?Ingeneral,beefandlambhavethebiggestclimatefootprintpergramofproteinwhileplant-basedfoodslikebeans,rice,cornandwheathavethesmallestinfluence.Pork,chicken,eggsaresomewhereinthemiddle.IsthereasimplefoodchoiceIcanmake?Studieshaveshownthatpeoplewhoeatameat-heavydietcanreducetheirfood-relatedfootprintbyonethirdormorebymovingtoavegandiet—nomeat,dairy(乳制品),oreggs.Ifyoudon’twanttogothatfar,justeatlessmeat.CanIreallymakeadifferencetoourplanet?Weneedmorefoodtofeedtheworld’sgrowingpopulation.Onepersonalonecanmakeonlyatinydifference.Ifmanypeoplemakechangestotheirdiets,thatwillstarttoaddup.Itwillmakeagreaterdifferenceiftheworld’sheaviestmeateatersmakesomechangestotheirdiets.()34.Accordingtothepassage,whichfoodshavethesmallestinfluenceonourplanet?A.Beefandlamb. B.Riceandcorn.C.Chickenandpork. D.Beansandbeef.()35.Accordingtothepassage,whichofthefollowingistrue?A.Onepersonalonemakesnodifferencetoourplanet.B.Shippingfoodallovertheworldhasnoinfluenceonclimatechange.C.Alltheplanet-warminggreenhousegasescomefromthefoodsystem.D.Meateaterscanreducetheirfood-relatedfootprintbyeatinglessmeat.()36.Whatisthebesttitleforthepassage?A.HowtoproducemoremeatB.Howtomakemoreplant-basedfoodsC.HowtoeatbetterfortheplanetD.Howtoaskeco-friendlyfoodquestionsCEveryoneknowsbynowthatplasticpollutionisahugeproblemfortheenvironment.Beijing,forexample,hasdealtwiththisbybanning(禁止)thinplasticbags,plastictableware(餐具)andotherplasticitemsinsupermarkets,restaurantsandhotelssinceMay1,2024.Butanevenbettersolutionmightbeontheway.ResearchersataFrenchcompanycalledCarbioshavediscoveredabacterialenzymethatcanbreakdownplastic.Theenzyme,whichwasfirstfoundincompost(堆肥)leaves,turnsplasticintochemical“buildingblocks”thatcanthenbeusedtocreatenewproducts,accordingtotheGuardian.ThenewenzymewasuncoveredinresearchthatwaspublishedinthejournalNature.Researchersstudiedover100,000microorganisms(微生物)tofindonethatcouldbreakdownplasticquickly.Theleafcompostenzymewasfirstdiscoveredin2012.Scientistschangeditsgenes(基因),allowingittobreakdown90percentofonetonofplasticinlessthan10hours.“Ithadbeencompletelyforgotten,butitturnedouttobethebest,”saidProfessorAlainMarty,chiefscienceofficeratCarbios.TheenzymeespeciallybreaksdownPET,atypeofplasticthatismostcommonlyusedtoproduceplasticbottlesandfoodpackaging.Itisthefifthmostcommontypeofplasticthatweuse.CarbiossaiditisworkingtogetherwithcompanieslikePepsiandNestle—majorconsumersofplasticthemselves—todeveloptheirresearchandstartusingtheenzymeonanindustrialscale(范圍),accordingtoForbes.()37.Accordingtothepassage,whatisahugeproblemfortheenvironment?A.Plasticbags. B.Plastictableware.C.Plasticbottles. D.Plasticpollution.()38.Whatdoestheunderlinedword“enzyme”inParagraph2mostlyprobablystandfor?A.Atypeofplasticthatweuse.B.AchiefscienceofficeratCarbios.C.AFrenchcompanycalledCarbios.D.Athingthatcanbreakdownplastic.()39.Whatcanweknowabouttheenzymeaccordingtothepassage?A.Itwasusedtocreatenewthings.B.Itwasfirstfoundincompostleaves.C.ItwasstudiedbythejournalNature.D.Itwasneverbeenforgottenbythescientists.()40.WhyisCarbiosworkingtogetherwithcompanieslikePepsiandNestle?A.Tostartusingplastic.B.Tomakemoremoney.C.Tosellbottlesandfood.D.Todeveloptheirresearch.其次節(jié)(共10小題;每小題2分,滿分20分)A閱讀下面短文,從短文后的選項(xiàng)中選出可以填入空白處的最佳選項(xiàng)。選項(xiàng)中有兩項(xiàng)為多余選項(xiàng)。Plasticbringsusconvenience,andpollutionaswell.41.________It’sinourfoodanddrinks,intheclotheswewearandevenintheairwebreathe.Someverytinypiecesofplasticarecalledmicroplastics(微塑料).Thelargestmicroplasticscanbedirectlyseen.42.________Whatshouldwedothen?43.________Anytimeplasticboxesareheated,microplasticscangetintoyourfood.Ifyoucan’tavoidusingplasticboxes,trynottoheatfoodinthem.Useaglassormetalcupinsteadofaplasticone.Researchershavefoundthatbottledwaterhasmoremicroplasticsthantapwater.44.________Soifyoulikedrinkingcoffee,hotmilkorotherhotdrinks,remembertouseaglassormetalcup.Sinceplasticiseverywhere,researcherssuggestthatweshouldbecarefulwithpossiblemicroplasticsinlife.Theymaybefrombabytoys,pens,andevenphonesweuseeveryday.45.________A.What’sworse,it’severywhere.B.Avoidheatingfoodinplasticboxes.C.Weshoulddrinkmorebottledwater.D.Useplasticproductswidelyinourdailylife.E.Allinall,weshoulduseplasticproductsproperly.F.Butmanyofthemaresmallenoughtobearounduswithoutbeingseen.G.Also,theheatofyourdrinkswillencouragemicroplasticstogetintoyourdrinks.B閱讀短文,回答問題。TheYangtzeRiver,about6,300kilometerslong,isthelongestriverinAsia.Itprovidesalifelineforhundredsofmillionsofpeople.Itcoversanareaof1.8millionsquarekilometers,aboutafifthofthenationaltotal.Theriveralsoprovidesathirdofourcountry’sfreshwaterresources.However,inrecentyears,theYangtzeRiverhasmetwithsomeenvironmentalproblems.Itwasseriouslypollutedandthenumberofthefishisgettingsmaller.Tosolvetheseproblems,thegovernmentpassedtheYangtzeRiverProtectionLaw.ThelawcameintoforceonMarch1,2024.Thereareninepartsinthelaw,coveringareassuchasresourceprotection,anti-pollutionmeasures,greendevelopmentandlegalresponsibilitiesandsoon.Moreimportantly,thelawhasintroducedafishingban(禁令)ontheYangtzeRiver’snaturalwaterways.Accordingtothenewlaw,boththecentralgovernmentandlocalorganizationswouldputtheriverprotectionintotheireconomic(經(jīng)濟(jì)的)andsocialdevelopmentplans.Around231,000fishermenhadgivenuptheirfishingrightsalongtheYangtzeRiver.Chinesegovernmentsaidthatmoresupportshouldbegiventothesepeopletohelpthemfindnewjobs.Healsocalledforstrongereffortstohelppreventactivitieswhicharenotallowedbythelawandencouragedthepublictosupporttheban.46.Whatdoestheunderlinedword“It”inParagraph1referto?________________________________________________________________47.WhydidthegovernmentpasstheYangtzeRiverProtectionLaw?________________________________________________________________48.Howmanypartsarethereinthelaw?________________________________________________________________49.Howwouldthegovernmenthelpthefishermen?________________________________________________________________50.WhatdoyouthinkoftheYangtzeRiverProtectionLaw?________________________________________________________________四、依據(jù)句意及所給中文提示、首字母或英文說明,寫出句中所缺單詞(共10小題;每小題1分,滿分10分)51.[2024常州西林試驗(yàn)學(xué)校一模]Makinglawsisoneoftheimportant________(步)tokeepequalorright.52.Hedoeseverythingwellbecauseheisalways________(細(xì)致的)aboutwhathedoes.53.Theclassroomis________(空的)now.Allthestudentsareinthereadingroom.54.[2024蘇州高新區(qū)一模]Thiswriterisquitegoodatexpressingherideasin________(簡潔的)language.55.The________(調(diào)查)showthatpeople’slivingstandardshavegreatlyimproved.56.Drinkingtoomuchjuicecanbe________(有害的)topeople’steeth.57.TherearesomedbetweenBritishEnglishandAmericanEnglish.58.Tonydidhishomeworkcsohemademanymistakes.59.Heis________(tomakeaholeinthegroundusingatooloramachine)aholetoplantayoungtree.60.Workershavetospendasmuchtimeastheycan________(tomakethingstobesold)masks.五、依據(jù)短文內(nèi)容及首字母提示,填寫所缺單詞,使短文完整、通順(共10小題;每小題1分,滿分10分)“Green”ismorethanjustacolour.Itmeansthatyoushouldliveto61.p.theenvironment—thewater,thelandandtheair.Youcanbeagreenkidbyfollowingthesesteps.Whenyouuse62.lofsomething,youdoagoodthingfortheEarth.Forexample,ashortershower63.myouuselesswater.Turnoffthewaterwhenyouarebrushingyour64.t.Manytimes,evenifyoudon’tneedsomething,someone65.emightjustneedit.Forexample,ifyouryoungersisterdoesn’tplaywithhertoybear,youcangiveittoyourneighbour.Tryto66.cbooks,toys,evenclotheswithfriendsiftheyalsohavesome.It’struethatpollutionisagreat67.pnow,buttheEarthisstillabeautifulandinterestingplace.Goforahike,visitnaturegardens,climbmountainsandtakeaboatinthe68.r.Outdooractivitiesare69.gforyou.Youcanalsoplanttrees,collectreusable(可重復(fù)運(yùn)用的)thingsandsoon.70.Bagreenkidissoeasy.六、書面表達(dá)(滿分10分)“綠水青山就是金山銀山”。請你結(jié)合自己平常疼惜環(huán)境的一些做法,以“HowtoMakeOurHometownMoreBeautiful”為題,寫一篇英語短文。要點(diǎn):1.表達(dá)清楚,語法正確,上下文連貫;2.80詞左右(開頭已給出,不計(jì)入總詞數(shù));3.文中不得出現(xiàn)真實(shí)的地名、校名、人名等信息。參考詞匯:environment;pollution;reduce;sorttherubbish(分類垃圾)HowtoMakeOurHometownMoreBeautifulThecleanwaterandgreenmountainsareourtreasures.______________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________

Unit8綜合素養(yǎng)評價一、1.C【點(diǎn)撥】bybike意為“騎自行車”,可解除A項(xiàng);一種綠色生活用“agreenlife”表達(dá)。故選C。2.B【點(diǎn)撥】考查動詞辨析。句意為“令人驚異的是,這些巖石形成于40多億年前”。expected期盼;formed形成;held實(shí)行;touched觸摸。依據(jù)“theserockswere...morethan4,000millionyearsago”可知此處講巖石的形成時間。故選B。3.B【點(diǎn)撥】句意為“我認(rèn)為我們必需放棄運(yùn)用塑料袋來疼惜我們的地球”。produce生產(chǎn);protect疼惜;provide供應(yīng);pollute污染。結(jié)合句意可知選B。4.A【點(diǎn)撥】用語法判定法。notonly...butalso...連接句子的兩個主語時,謂語動詞遵循“就近原則”,解除B、D兩項(xiàng);hasbeento去過某地,hasgoneto去某地了。故選A。5.B【點(diǎn)撥】主語“boysandgirls”和“separate”之間是被動關(guān)系,所以用被動語態(tài),解除A、C兩項(xiàng);separate...into把……分成;separate...from...把……從……中分出來。故選B。6.C7.C【點(diǎn)撥】用短語辨析法。turnup開大;turndown關(guān)小。依據(jù)could情態(tài)動詞后接動詞原形可解除B、D兩項(xiàng);依據(jù)“It’stoonoisy.”可知是關(guān)小。故選C。8.B【點(diǎn)撥】用詞義辨析法。句意為“如今,青少年應(yīng)當(dāng)被教化明智地運(yùn)用零花錢”。politely有禮貌地;wisely明智地;suddenly突然地;closely緊密地。依據(jù)“spendtheirpocketmoney...”可知,此處是指明智地運(yùn)用零花錢。故選B。9.D【點(diǎn)撥】考查時態(tài)和語態(tài)。句意為“從現(xiàn)在起,將實(shí)行什么行動來防止此類事故的發(fā)生?”。依據(jù)“fromnowon”可知是一般將來時;主語與謂語是動賓關(guān)系,因此用一般將來時的被動語態(tài)。故選D。10.C11.B【點(diǎn)撥】用固定句型法?！癐tis+adj.+ofsb.todosth.”是固定句型,It是形式主語,of引導(dǎo)動詞不定式的邏輯主語。故選B。12.C【點(diǎn)撥】用固定搭配法。句意為“沒有足夠的樹木,土壤就會流失。然后沙塵暴就會經(jīng)常發(fā)生”。inplace意為“在恰當(dāng)?shù)奈恢谩?是固定搭配。故選C。13.A14.A【點(diǎn)撥】用詞義辨析法。句意為“這位作家是最宏大的和年齡最大的活著的作家之一。他現(xiàn)在還在世”。living常作前置定語,意為“活著的”;alive作表語。故選A。15.B【點(diǎn)撥】用短語辨析法。句意為“——你打算在你的空閑時間做兼職嗎?——是的。我認(rèn)為我不應(yīng)當(dāng)總是依靠我的父母”。turnon打開;dependon依靠;puton穿上;comeon快點(diǎn)兒。依據(jù)“Areyougoingtodoapart-timejobinyourfreetime?”和“Yes.”可推斷,說話人認(rèn)為不應(yīng)當(dāng)總是“依靠”父母。故選B。二、【主旨大意】這是一篇記敘文。文章主要講解并描述了我們很幸運(yùn)地生活在一個擁有許多東西的國家,但是大部分人存在奢侈行為,文中列舉了一些例子,作者呼吁人們停止奢侈。16.C17.C【點(diǎn)撥】考查修飾詞。few很少,修飾可數(shù)名詞復(fù)數(shù);little很少,修飾不行數(shù)名詞;most最多;least最少。依據(jù)下文“Lights,TVs,...andotherthingsareoftenkeptonevenwhennooneisusingthem.”可知,此處是講電是我們奢侈最多的一個東西。故選C。18.C【點(diǎn)撥】考查名詞。bikes自行車;doors門;radios收音機(jī);apples蘋果。依據(jù)“Lights,TVs”可知,此處是關(guān)于電器之類的,故選C。19.B【點(diǎn)撥】考查動詞。costs花費(fèi),物作主語;takes花費(fèi),it作形式主語;keeps保持;brings帶來。Ittakessb.sometimetodosth.花費(fèi)某人多長時間去做某事,是固定句型。故選B。20.C【點(diǎn)撥】afford付得起;save挽救;payfor付款;carefor照看。依據(jù)“Anyhow,notwastingelectricitysavesmoney”可知,不奢侈電就是省錢,我們不用為我們沒用的電付錢。故選C。21.A22.C23.C【點(diǎn)撥】考查詞義辨析。Others是代詞,別的,其他的;Other別的,其他的;Another另一,再一;Theother另一個,其他的。依據(jù)“Mymother...cooksomuchfoodthatmuchofitwasthrownaway.Itoldherwehadwastedsomuch...ShethoughtIwasrightandnowshecooks...whatwecaneatup.”可知,此處是講另一種奢侈是食物。故選C。24.B【點(diǎn)撥】考查短語辨析。plannedtodo支配去做;usedtodo過去經(jīng)常做;wasafraidtodo害怕 去做;wasabletodo能做。依據(jù)“ShethoughtIwasrightandnowshecooks...whatwecaneatup.”可知,此處是講母親過去做太多的食物。故選B。25.C【點(diǎn)撥】考查名詞。electricity電,電力;water水;food食物;money金錢。依據(jù)“Mymother...cooksomuchfoodthatmuchofitwasthrownaway.”可知,此處是講我們奢侈了許多食物。故選C。26.B【點(diǎn)撥】考查副詞。mainly主要地;only僅僅,只;mostly大多數(shù);specially特殊地。依據(jù)“whatwecaneatup”可知,此處是指只做我們能吃完的食物,故選B。27.A28.A29.B30.A三、第一節(jié)A【主旨大意】文章講解并描述了城市燈光的濫用讓夜晚的天空不再好看,作者呼吁盡量在夜晚削減不必要的照明。31.A【點(diǎn)撥】推理推斷題。依據(jù)短文第一段中的“Theringsshonebrightlyagainsttheblacknessofspaceandsuddenlytheuniverse(宇宙)wasn’tsomethingthatyouonlyreadaboutorimaginedinyourhead.”可知,這個天文之夜打開了作者的視野。故選A。32.B【點(diǎn)撥】微小環(huán)節(jié)理解題。依據(jù)短文第三段中的“Ihopethatmorecitieswilljoininandcontinuethepracticeofcontrollingunnecessarylighting”可知,作者希望少運(yùn)用燈光。故選B。33.C【點(diǎn)撥】推理推斷題。通讀全文可知,作者主要通過自己的一次觀測行星的閱歷說明白在夜晚削減不必要的照明的必要性。選項(xiàng)C為本文的寫作目的。故選C。B【主旨大意】這是一篇說明文。文章主要針對環(huán)保食品的四個問題進(jìn)行了解答,它們分別是:我吃的東西是否會影響氣候變更?哪些食物影響最大?我能做出簡潔的食物選擇嗎?我真的能變更我們的星球嗎?34.B【點(diǎn)撥】微小環(huán)節(jié)理解題。依據(jù)“plant-basedfoodslikebeans,rice,cornandwheathavethesmallestinfluence”可知,豆類、大米、玉米和小麥等植物性食品的影響最小。故選B。35.D【點(diǎn)撥】微小環(huán)節(jié)推斷題。依據(jù)“...ameat-heavydietcanreducetheirfood-relatedfootprintbyonethirdormorebymovingtoavegandiet—nomeat,dairy(乳制品),oreggs.Ifyoudon’twanttogothatfar,justeatlessmeat.”可知,肉食者可以通過少吃肉來削減與食物相關(guān)的蹤跡。故選D。36.C【點(diǎn)撥】最佳標(biāo)題題。依據(jù)第一段中的“Isitpossibletohaveadiet(日常飲食)that’sbothhealthyandfriendlytoourplanet?Hereareanswerstoyoureco-friendlyfoodquestions.”可知,本文主要通過回答四個環(huán)保食品的問題來告知大家如何為了地球吃得更好。故選C。C【主旨大意】這是一篇說明文。文章主要介紹了Carbios公司的探討人員發(fā)覺了一種可以分解塑料的細(xì)菌酶,并且該公司正與其他公司合作,共同開展探討。37.D【點(diǎn)撥】微小環(huán)節(jié)理解題。依據(jù)短文中的“Everyoneknowsbynowthatplasticpollutionisahugeproblemfortheenvironment.”可知,塑料污染對于環(huán)境是一個大問題。故選D。38.D【點(diǎn)撥】詞義揣測題。依據(jù)語境可知,是一種可以分解塑料的化學(xué)成分。故選D。39.B【點(diǎn)撥】微小環(huán)節(jié)理解題。依據(jù)短文中的“Theenzyme,whichwasfirstfoundincompost(堆肥)leaves,turnsplasticintochemical‘buildingblocks’thatcanthenbeusedtocreatenewproducts,accordingtotheGuardian.”可知,這種化學(xué)成分是首次在樹葉的堆肥中發(fā)覺的。故選B。40.D【點(diǎn)撥】微小環(huán)節(jié)理解題。依據(jù)短文中的“CarbiossaiditisworkingtogetherwithcompanieslikePepsiandNestle—majorconsumersofplasticthemselves—todeveloptheirresearchandstartusingtheenzymeonanindustrialscale(范圍),accordingtoForbes.”可知,一起合作是為了發(fā)展他們的探討,在工業(yè)范圍內(nèi)運(yùn)用這種可以分解塑料的化學(xué)成分。故選D。其次節(jié)A【主旨大意】這是一篇說明文。文章介紹了塑料給我們帶來了便利但同時也伴隨污染。提出了避開微塑料的一些方法。41.A【點(diǎn)撥】依據(jù)上文可知,塑料會給我們帶來污染,橫線后面的句子:它在我們的食物、飲料、我們穿的衣服,甚至我們呼吸的空氣中,是對污染的進(jìn)一步介紹,選項(xiàng)A“更糟糕的是,塑料無處不在”符合語境。故填A(yù)。42.F【點(diǎn)撥】結(jié)合上下文可知,最大的微塑料可以被看見,但是也有一些很小的不能被看到,那我們應(yīng)當(dāng)怎么做呢?結(jié)合提示詞largest和seen可知,選項(xiàng)F“但它們中的許多都很小,足以在我們四周而不被望見”符合語境。故填F。43.B【點(diǎn)撥】依據(jù)下文提示和“Ifyoucan’tavoidusingplasticboxes”可知,本段主旨句為應(yīng)當(dāng)避開加熱塑料盒子,選項(xiàng)B“避開用塑料盒加熱食物”符合語境。故填B。44.G【點(diǎn)撥】依據(jù)橫線后面的提示詞So推斷前面的句子是對本段主旨句“Useaglassormetalcupinsteadofaplasticone.”的一個支撐,即加熱你的飲料也會讓更多的微塑料進(jìn)入你的飲料中,選項(xiàng)G“此外,對飲料的加熱會促使塑料微粒進(jìn)入你的飲料中”符合語境。故填G。45.E【點(diǎn)撥】結(jié)合上文語境可知,本段主要進(jìn)行總結(jié)。由于塑料無處不在,探討者建議我們當(dāng)心應(yīng)對生活中的塑料,最終提出要恰當(dāng)運(yùn)用塑料,選項(xiàng)E“總之,我們應(yīng)當(dāng)正確運(yùn)用塑料制品”。故填E。B【主旨大意】這是一篇說明文。文章介紹了長江是一條特殊重要的河流。然而,近年來,長江遇到一些環(huán)境問題,為解決這些問題,政府通過了《長江疼惜法》,同時呼吁給相關(guān)漁民找新工作,激勵公眾支持禁漁令。46.TheYangtzeRiver.47.Tosolve(some)environmentalproblems.48.Nine/9.49.Byhelpingthemfindjobs./Byoffering(giving)them(new)jobs./Byoffering(giving)jobstothem./Byprovidingthemwithjobs./Byprovidingjobsforthem.50.Useful./Helpful./Meaningful