生物炭碳去除手冊

JUNE2024

AManualforBiocharCarbonRemoval

Acomparativeguideforthecertificationofbiocharproductionasacarbonsink

INCOOPERATIONWITH:

TABLEOFCONTENTS

TableofContents

Introduction3

BiocharontheCarbonMarket5

VariabilityofBiochar9

GuidanceforDesignofBiocharProjects12

GuideforSelectingtheRightMethodology14

Appendix25

CostComparisonbyStandard26

MainStepsforCertificationbyStandard27

Puro.earth27

VerifiedCarbonStandard(VCS)28

CarbonStandardsInternational(CSI)29

Riverse31

ClimateActionReserve(CAR)32

Glossary33

References3

5

AMANUALFORBIOCHARCARBONREMOVAL

2

INTRODUCTION

Introduction

Thise-bookprovidesaroadmapforbiocharproducers,investors,and

stakeholderskeenonunderstandingtheintricaciesofcertifyingbiocharforcarbonremoval.

Inthisguide,weprovideanoverviewofthevariousmethodologiesestablishedbyexisting

certificationstandards.Ourgoalistoofferpracticalinsightsandcomparisonstoassistproducersandinvestorsinselectingthemostappropriateapproachfortheirspecificbiocharprojects.

Whetheryouareabiocharproduceraimingtodemonstratetheenvironmentalbenefitsofyour

practicesoraninvestorconsideringopportunitiesincarbonmarkets,thishandbookisdesignedtoequipyouwiththenecessaryknowledgeandguidancetonavigatethecertificationprocess

effectively.Wewillupdatethispublicationperiodicallytokeeppacewiththisrapidlydevelopingindustry.

Webelievethatbiocharproductionhasastrongpotentialfortheglobalreductioningreenhousegases.Ouraimistoempowerbiochar

producerstodemonstratethecredibilityoftheircarbon

removaleffortsandtoassistprojectdevelopersinmakinginformeddecisionsthatdrivepositive

environmentalimpact.

HamerkopClimateImpacts

hamerkop.co

InternationalBiocharInitiative

AMANUALFORBIOCHARCARBONREMOVAL

3

INTRODUCTION

IntroducingBiochar

Whatisbiochar?

Biocharisacarbon-rich,charcoal-likesolidmadefromorganicmatter(suchaspoultrylitter,rice

husks,treeprunings,etc).Whenorganicmatter(alsocalled

biomass

)faceshighheatintheabsenceofoxygen,itchangesformtobecomebiocharthroughtheprocessofthermochemicalconversion,

knownaspyrolysis.

Biocharisaclimatechangesolutiontool.Whenbiomassdecomposesnaturally,itreleasesgreenhousegases(GHG)intotheatmosphere—livingplantsabsorbcarbondioxide(CO2)viaphotosynthesis

throughouttheirlifeandoncetheydie,allofthisCO2isreleasedbackintotheair.However,when

biomassistransformedintobiocharthroughpyrolysis,thecarboncaninsteadbestoredforhundreds

ofyears(ormore),preventingsuchGHGemissions.

Whatarethebenefitsofbiochar?

Inadditiontostoringcarbon,thiscarbon-richproductoffersawidearrayofotherbenefits.When

appliedtosoil,biocharbehavesasanamendmentabletoincreasetheavailabilityofwaterand

nutrientswhilebalancingsoilcomposition.Thisbreedshealthysoil,whichincreasesplantgrowth/cropyieldswhilstreducingtheneedforexcessfertilizersandirrigation.Biocharhasthusbeenusedina

numberofdiverseagriculturalapplicationsoverseveralcenturiesacrosstheworld,notablyinthe

Theproductionprocessofbiocharcreatesvaluableco-productssuchas

bio-oil

and

syngas

as

biomassundergoespyrolysisand

gasification

.Theenergygeneratedfromtheproductionofbiocharcanbeutilisedbythebiocharproductionfacilitytomaketheprocessselfsufficientandeliminatetherequirementforexternalfossilfuelpower.Anyexcessenergyproducedcanbeusedasthermal

energyonsite,orconvertedintoelectricalenergy.Fromcarbonsequestrationtoenergyproductionandsoilimprovement,thebiocharsystemisoneofcircularitywithawealthofregenerativebenefits.

contextoforganicorregenerativefarming.

AMANUALFORBIOCHARCARBONREMOVAL

4

BiocharontheCarbonMarket

AMANUALFORBIOCHARCARBONREMOVAL5

BIOCHARONTHECARBONMARKET

EmpoweringCommunitiesand

IncentivizingSustainability:CarbonFinanceCatalyzestheBiocharIndustry

Whilebiocharisproducedinmostcountriesaroundtheworld,ithasparticularly

significantpotentialincountriesoftheGlobalSouthwherethereisahigh

abundanceofcropresidueappropriatefor

feedstock

andtropicalsoilsthatuniquely

The

voluntarycarbonmarket

offersacatalyticfinancialboostthatpromotesindustrygrowthandfurtherscalesthemanysocio-environmentalco-benefitsassociatedwithbiocharproduction.

Asconsumerdemandandglobalpolicytrend

increasinglytowardclimatechangesolutions,carbonemissionsandsequestrationprojectsgainafinancialstakeinmarketdynamics.Thecarbonmarket

financiallyincentivizescarbonsequestration

projects,whosecarbonremovalcanbescientificallycalculated,objectivelyverified,market-valued,andsoldas“carboncredits”tocompanieseagertooffsettheircarbonemissions.

Biocharisacarbonsequestrationtechnologywith

immensetractiononthecarbonmarket.In2023,

biocharwasresponsiblefor94%oflong-termcarbonremovalcreditsdelivered(cdr.fyi,2024).

CalculatingtheCarbonSink:

CarbonAccountingandCertification

Abiocharprojectquantifiesthepreciseamountofcarbonthatitsequestersthroughrigorousscientificprocesses.ThecarbonsequesteredismeasuredintermsofCO2.

Onceverified,theamountofcalculatedCO2removalispubliclyregisteredandmonetizedonthecarbonmarketintheformofcarboncredits(or“removal

credits”):onetonneofCO2esequestered=onecarboncredit.Sellersonthecarbonmarkethave

appreciatebiocharasanamendment

(famouslydemonstratedbytheevidenceofbiocharusefoundinsoilsofancient

Amazoniancivilizations)(Lehmann2008).

Infarmingcommunitieswithlimited

resources,theuseofbiocharcanenhancequalityoflifebyincreasingcropyields

whilereducingtheneedforirrigationandfertilizers,thusincreasingrevenue.

Moreover,studieshighlightthepotentialofbiochartohelpmitigateclimate-relatedrisksinagriculture,notablybyprovidinghigherdroughtresistance(Obiaetal.

2019,Koideetal.2015).

Thiscouldbenefitsmallfarmersinabroadrangeofcountrieswhooftenlackresourcestoadapttochangingclimateconditions.

AMANUALFORBIOCHARCARBONREMOVAL

6

BIOCHARONTHECARBONMARKET

projectsthatsequestercarbon,andbuyershaveaneedtocompensateforGHGemissionsfromtheiractivities.

Buyerspurchasecarboncreditsonthevoluntarycarbonmarkettohelpbalanceouttheircompanyoractivity’sunavoidableGHGemissions,e.g.,emissionsthatcouldnotbeavoidedfirstbydecarbonizingtheirsystemsandsupplychain.Forexample,ifacompanyundergoesallpossiblereductioneffortsandstillemits30tonnesofCO2,itcouldbuy30durablecarbonremovalcredits.Thesecreditswouldbalanceoutthecompany’sresidualfossilemissionsandtheycouldpotentiallyconsidertheiractivitiesashaving“netzeroemissions”.

Inordertoregisterandsellsequesteredcarbonascarboncredits,biocharproducersmustaligntheirspecificactivitieswiththerequirementsofacertificationstandardandfollowitsmethodologiestoquantifyand

monitortheGHGsemittedandsequesteredfromtheiractivitiesand/orproducts.

CarbonCertificationStandards

Toensurebiocharproductionandusehasanet-positiveclimateimpact,severalcarboncertification

standardshavedevelopedcarbonquantificationandmonitoringmethodologies.Thispaperoffersinsightintofiveofthestandardsthatareavailableto

projectdevelopers

andbiocharproducerswhoaimtocertifytheir

biocharprocessandproductsforexchangeonthecarbonmarket.Thefollowingcarboncertificationstandardsofferbiocharproducerstheabilitytoissuecarboncredits:

ClimateActionReserve(CAR)

ClimateActionReserveisarecognized

carbonstandardtargetingcarbonprojects

acrossNorthAmerica.TheyrecentlyreleasedtheU.S.andCanadaBiocharProtocoltostartcertifyingbiocharprojectsintheU.S.and

Canada.

PuroStandard

Puro.earthholdsthePuroStandard.Purowasthefirstcarboncreditissuerforbiocharproductionactivitiesandthuswas

thefirsttocomeupwithamethodologytoquantifybiocharcarbonremovalcapacitiesinlinewiththeexpectationofthecarbonmarkets.Itcurrentlyholdsawiderangeofaccreditedprojects.

CarbonStandardsInternational(CSI)

CSIwasthefirststandardtodistributeacertificatetoattestthesustainableproductionofbiochar,throughthe

EuropeanCarbonCertification(EBC).Theorganisationhasnowdevelopedtwobiocharmethodologies:theGlobalBiocharC-sinkmethodologytoquantifyemissionsremovalofabroadrangeofbiocharactivities;andtheGlobal

ArtisanC-Sinkmethodology,targetingtheartisanalproductionofbiocharmostnotablybysmall-scalefarmerslocatedinlowerincomecountries.

TheVerifiedCarbonStandard(VCS)

VCSisoneofthelargestcarboncertificationstandardsonthemarketandisadministeredbyVerra.Ithasrecentlydevelopedanewmethodologytomeasureemissionsremovalofbiocharprojects.ThestandardoffersVM0044Methodologyfor

BiocharUtilizationinSoilandNon-SoilApplicationsforthecertificationofbiocharproductionworldwide.

RiverseStandard

Riverseisapan-Europeancertification

standardwhichtargetscarbonprojects

developinggreentechnologiesatindustrialscale.TheirBECCS&Biocharmethodologywascreatedtocertifybiocharandbio-oil

production.

AMANUALFORBIOCHARCARBONREMOVAL

7

BIOCHARONTHECARBONMARKET

CarbonCertificationStandards(cont.)

WhilstallmethodologiesarebasedonthesamecarbonaccountingprinciplesfromtheInternationalOrganizationforStandardization(ISO),andallcertifymeasurableandverifiableemissionremovals,specificcertificationsmaybemoreappropriateforcertaintypesofbiocharproductionactivities.Themostrelevantcertificationstandardandmethodologyforone’sactivitieswilldependonvarious

factors,ofwhichthemostsignificantwouldbetheproductiontechnologyinvolved,thefeedstockused,andthebiocharend-use.Thisisalltosay,eachstandardhastheirowneligibilitycriteria.

BiochartoCarbonCredits:EligibilityCriteria

Theprincipalcriteriaforcertifyingbiocharprojectsand

quantifyingemissionsarecommontoallapproaches.Themaineligibilitycomponentsofbiocharprojectsinvolvetheevaluationofabiochar’sfeedstock,productionfacility,andend-useapplication.

Inordertoissuecarboncredits,thestandards’methodologies

requirethatbiocharproducersevaluateeachstepoftheirproductlifecycle.Thisincludesthesourcingandtransportationofbiomassfeedstock,thetransformationofbiomassinto

biocharthrougheligibleproductiontechnologies,andthedistributionandend-useofthebiochar.

TheentirebiocharproductionprocessmustaccountforalltheGHGemittedacrossthebiochar’sentirelifecycle(from

biomassgrowthtobiocharapplication),includingCO2butalso

methane(CH4)andnitrousoxide(N2O).Emissionsshouldbeminimal,ifnotneutral,andalwaysdiscountedfromthefinalestimateofemissionsremoved.

However,sincecarbonaccountingmethodologiesonly

enabletheissuanceofcarboncreditsforthecarbon

(alreadyintheatmosphere)sequestered,asopposedtothecarbonavoided(frombeingemittedinthefuturedueto

biochardisplacingamorecarbon-intensiveproduct),baseline

emissionsaresettozero.Allstandardsrequireacompletesetofdataanddocumentationtoinformandjustifyemissionsestimatedforeachstageofthebiocharproductionprocess,

andeachstandardrequiresathird-partyauditingofemissions

calculation.

AMANUALFORBIOCHARCARBONREMOVAL

8

VariabilityofBiochar

AMANUALFORBIOCHARCARBONREMOVAL

9

VARIABILITYOFBIOCHAR

BiomassCarboncontent

feedstock(wt%,drybasis)

Woodmixture

50

Maize

48

Meadowgrass

49

Foodwaste

41

Biocharhasthepotentialtoremove6%ofglobalcarbonemissionsannually

(

Lefebvreetal.2023

),butnotallbiochariscreatedequal.

Table1:Comparisonofcarboncontentfrom

differentbiomassfeedstocktype(B?endováet

al.2012,Seowetal2022).

Thecarbonsequestrationpotentialofbiocharcanvarysignificantlyaccordingtobothfeedstockandproductionparameters,aswellastheenvironmentalconditionsoftheenduseapplication.

FeedstockVariability

Forexample,inonemeta-analysis,biocharcarboncontentrangedfromaslittleas10%

(gasifiedsewagesludge)to81%(hightemperaturepyrolysisofwood)bymass(Woolfeetal.2021).

Otherbiocharcharacteristicssuchasnutrientavailability,pH,andspecificsurfaceareaaresimilarlyinfluencedbythefeedstockused.Theamountofenergyproducedintheproductionprocessisalsoaffected,withhighcarbonfeedstockstypicallyalsoprovidingmoreenergywhichcanbeutilised.

Differentfeedstocksrequiredifferentpreparationprocesses.Feedstockneedstoberelativelydry

(~20%moisturecontent)andhomogenousinsize,content,andshape,meaningacombinationof

grinding,drying,sorting,andpelletisingmaybenecessarydependingonthetypeoffeedstockutilised.

Carbonstandardsandbiocharqualitystandardsalsohaverulesaboutthekindoffeedstockthatis

eligibleforcertification,meaningthatchoosingthecorrectfeedstockforabiocharproductionprojectisoftheutmostimportance.

Biocharproductiontechnologiesvarywidely,fromsmall-scaleartisanalkilnstolarge,industrial

pyrolysisplants.Thesetechnologieswillhavedifferenttemperatures,residencetimes,andthroughputs.Themostcommonbiocharproductiontechnologiesarepyrolysisandgasificationsystems:

AvailableBiocharProductionTechnologies

AMANUALFORBIOCHARCARBONREMOVAL

10

VARIABILITYOFBIOCHAR

?Pyrolysissystems:biomassisheatedunderanaerobicconditionsoralimitedsupplyofoxygen,producinggases,bio-oil,andbiochar.Twomaintypesofpyrolysis:

?Slowpyrolysis(producemoreoilsandliquids)

?Fastpyrolysis(producesmoresyngas)

?Gasificationsystems:biomassisheatedinadirectlyheatedreactionvesselwithintroducedoxygenunderhighertemperatures,producingsmallerquantitiesofbiocharandahighercaloriesyngas.

Thecostofproductionvariessignificantlydependingonthemethodsofproduction.Traditionalartisanalmethodsthatinvolvesmall-scalekilntechnologiestendtobecheaper.Forinstance,alow-technologypyrolysis,usingasoilpitandtheartisan’sownresidues,willhavelittletonoproductioncosts.

Ontheotherhand,large-scale,industrialpyrolysis/gasificationplantsaremoreexpensive,buthaveahigherbiochar-producingcapacity.ProductioncostcanvaryfromUS$220toUS$580pertonneofbiocharproduced(Xiaoetal.2020).Moreover,notallfeedstocksareusablewitheverytechnology.AflamecurtainkilnsuchastheKon-Tikiwillneverworkusingricehuskaloneasafeedstock,forinstance.

Hightechnologypyrolysissystemsareusuallyfairlymodular,andcanbebuilttospecifications.

Peripheralslikedryersandpelletisersarenormallyaddedseparately,howeversomeunitswillincludeintegrateddryersorintegratedelectricityproductionmodules.

EligibilityofEnd-useApplicationsandTheirImpactonCarbonStorage

Bothproductionprocessesandfeedstock

usedaffectbiocharcharacteristics,including:

?Concentrationsofdifferentelements(forexamplecarbonandnitrogen)

?Density

?Waterholdingcapacity

?Cationexchangecapacity

?Porosity

?Waterholdingcapacity?Specificsurfacearea?pH

Becauseofthesedifferencesinproperties,somebiocharswillbemoreappropriateforcertainapplications.Forexample,biochar

withahighpHisusefulasasoilamendmentinacidicsoils,andbiocharwithhighspecific

surfaceareaiseffectiveinpurificationsystems.

Carbonstandardsandbiocharqualitystandardshaverulesabouttheenduseofbiochar.

Carbonstandardsforbidtheuseofbiocharasafuel,orasareductant,asthecarbon

sequesteredwithinthebiocharisreleased.

Meanwhilebiocharqualitystandardsdictate

whichbiocharscanbeusedforwhichapplication.Thesestandardsaredesignedtopreventbiocharswithhighlevelsofheavymetalsbeingusedin

soil,orasanimalfeed.

Examplesofapplicationsforbiocharinclude:

?Insoilasanadditive

?Inanimalfeed

?Inconstructionasanaggregate

?Inpurificationandfiltrationsystems

Whatevertheenduse,projectdevelopersmustprovethatthecarbonsequesteredwithinthebiocharispreservedover100yearsbeforetheycanearnremovalcreditsfromtheirproject.

AMANUALFORBIOCHARCARBONREMOVAL

11

char

AMANUALFORBIOCHARCARBONREMOVAL

12

GUIDANCEFORDESIGNOFBIOCHARPROJECTS

Thereisalottoconsiderwhendesigningabiocharproject.Herearesomeofthemainconsiderationsthatwillfeedintoyourbiocharcarbonremovalprojectdesignandcanhelpyouformulateaconceptnote.

applicationwillneedtobeintoastablematrixwhereitscarbonwillremaindurablystored.Canitbeusedlocally?Appliedtoagriculture?Canitbeintegratedaspartofawidercircularorganicwasteeconomy?Haveyoutargetedaninterestbuyeroruser?

5.WHATCARBONCERTIFICATION

STANDARDSISTHEBESTSUITEDFORMY

CARBONREMOVAL?

Partnerupwithacarbonspecialisttohelpyou

estimatethecarboncontentofyourbiocharandhowmanycreditsyourbiocharactivitiescould

generate.Thisisanexcitingstepwhichwillshowyouconcretelytheimpactofyourproject.Itwillalsohelpyouunderstandhowmuchincomecanbeobtained,tofundyouractivities.Calculationsofyourproject’scarbonremovalcapacitywillbemadebyconsideringallthepreviousstepsoftheproject,thushighlightingtheimportanceofyour

projectdesign.

6.GETYOURPROJECTCERTIFIED!

Nowthatyouhaveallyourprojectstepsinmind,

andallthekeystoasuccessfulbiocharproject,youshouldbereadytogothroughcertificationand

makeitareality!Whilstthecertificationprocesswillrequireyourattentionandyourtime,youshould

carefullyapproachitforthelong-termresultsofyourprojectsanditssuccessfulimplementation.Thefirststepwillbetotargetaspecificstandardwiththerightmethodologyforyourproject.Usethisguidancedocumenttoguideyouthroughthedifferentcertificationsavailable.

1.CONSIDERTHESCALEOFYOURPROJECT

Whowillbethebiocharproducer?Howmuch

resourcedoyoualreadyhave?Howmuchwillyouneed?Whoelsewillbeincludedandimpactedbytheproject?Howmuchbiocharareyouaimingtoproduce?Mapoutthedifferentactorsaswellasyourtargetedobjectives.

2.DETERMINETHEBIOMASSFEEDSTOCKTOBEUSED

WhatfeedstockdoIhaveaccessto?Whatkind

ofbiocharwillitproduce?Whatwouldhappento

itintheabsenceoftheproject?Whatprocessing

requirementsdoesithave?Isthereaconstant

supply?Theseareimportantquestionswhichare

crucialtofigureouttogetgoingonthecertificationprocess.

3.WHATISORWILLBEYOURBIOCHARPRODUCTIONFACILITY?

Istheprojecthighorlowtechnology?What

coproductsareproduced?Isthereenergy

producedaswell?Isthereawaytousethe

energyproduced?Whereisitlocatedandwho

willbetheproducers?Isanytrainingrequiredforproduction?Willfeedstockbebroughttotheplantorwilltheplantneedtomovearoundwherefeed-stockis?

4.CONSIDERTHEEND-USEBIOCHARAPPLICATION

Whatwillbetheenduseapplicationofyour

biochar?Thiscanbesoilornon-soil.Thebiochar

AMANUALFORBIOCHARCARBONREMOVAL

13

theRight

Methodology

GuideforSelecting

AMANUALFORBIOCHARCARBONREMOVAL

14

SELECTINGTHERIGHTMETHODOLOGY

Becausebiocharishighlyvariable,eachcarboncertificationstandardhasdesignedtheirmethodologieswithspecificguidelinestomeetthewiderangeofpathwaysfor

carbonsequestrationbybiochar.

Thissectionoutlinesmajorcharacteristicsforbiocharmethodologies,definedherebythestandardtheybelongto.Eachcriteriacharacteristicbelowisfurtherdescribedinthefollowingsection,titled:

“DefiningaProject’sCharacteristics”.

GlobalArtisanC-Sink

RiverseStandard

Puro

Standard

VCS

CAR

GlobalBiocharC-Sink

Biomass sourcing→biocharapplication

Biomassproduction→biocharapplication

Biomass sourcing→biocharapplication

Biomass

production

→biochar

transportation

Biomass sourcing→biocharapplication

(ifappliedtosoil,

application-related

lossesaccounted

forinLCA)

Projectemissionsboundary1

Biomassproduction→biocharapplication

Yes

Theuseof

low-techsystemmustcomplyatleastwithWBCAgroclasslimits

NoNo

No

Strongly

recommends

biochartoalign

withWBCor

EBCguidelines

No

Requires

feedstock

sourcetoalign

withIBI

BiocharTesting

Guidelinesor

EBCproduction

guidelines

Requires

external/

prior

certification

ofbiochar

production2

Yes

ButpriorEBC

Onlybiochar

certification

accepted

certifiedunder

theEBCorthe

WBCis

entitledto

GlobalBiochar

C-Sink

certification

AMANUALFORBIOCHARCARBONREMOVAL

15

SELECTINGTHERIGHTMETHODOLOGY

GlobalArtisanC-Sink

RiverseStandard

VCS

CAR

Puro

Standard

GlobalBiocharC-Sink

Eligiblefeedstock3

Biomass

feedstocklisted

ontheEBC/

WBCpositive

list

Biomassfrom

forestrymust

comefrom

sustainably

certified

forestry

Additionality4

Proofrequired

1)Demonstrate

CO2removalisa

resultofcarbon

finance

2)Providefull

project

financialsand

counterfactual

analysisbased

onbaseline

Already

existing

processing

plant

accepted

Yes

Wastebiomassonly

Feedstock

mustbepurely

biogenicwaste

biomassandnot

purposefully

grown

Proofrequired

1)Pass

regulatory

surplus(project

activitiesare

notmandated

bylaw)

2)Meet

appliability

conditions

(‘positivelist’)

onsection4

ofthe

methodology

No

Biochar

production

facilitymust

benew

Onlycarbonneutral

biomass+

(seepositivelist

providedby

CSI)

Biomassfrom

forestrymust

comefrom

sustainably

certified

forestry

Proofrequired

1)Assess

regulatory

requirements

forbiochar

productionand

application

asaremoval

technology:

Additional

Carbon

Removal

&Biomass

Feedstock

Additionality

Yes

Onlycarbonneutral

biomass+

(seepositivelist

providedby

CSI)

Forestbiomass

No

demonstration

required

Guaranteedby

thestandard

andalloweduse

casesitself

Yes

Proofof

successful

trainingforthe

appropriate

technologyis

required

Wastebiomass

andnon-waste

purposefully

grownbiomass

meeting

environmental

safeguard

criteria

Proofrequired

1)Pass

performancestandardtest

2)Pass

regulatorysurplustest

Proofrequired

ofno

doublecounting

requiredifthe

biocharactivity

overlapswith

othercarbonor

GHGmitigation

activities

Yes

Biomass

feedstocklisted

ontheEBC/

WBCpositive

list

Proofrequired

1)Pass

regulatory

surplus

2)Show

financial

additionality

3)Show

prevalence

additionality

(mustnotbea

normormarket

practice)

Yes

+Carbonneutralbiomass:agriculturalbiomass,biomasswastefromforestmanagement,municipalwaste,otherbiogenicresidues.

AMANUALFORBIOCHARCARBONREMOVAL

16

SELECTINGTHERIGHTMETHODOLOGY

GlobalArtisanC-Sink

RiverseStandard

VCS

CAR

Puro

Standard

GlobalBiocharC-Sink

Production

technology

allowed5

Pyrolysis

Gasification

Biomassboilers

Pyrolysisgases

andtarsmustbe

combustedor

adequately

recovered,

resultingin

negligibleGHG

Biocharenduse6

Soil+non-soilapplications

Biochar

tracking

requirements

Proofthat

biocharend-

usedoesnot

causeCO2

returning

tothe

atmosphere

mustbekept

inrecordsand

submittedfor

auditing

Pyrolysis

Gasification

Biomassboilers

GHG

quantificationis

differentiated

foreach

technologytype

Soil+non-soilapplications

Tracking

recordsmust

beprovided

throughoutthe

entirechainof

custodyfrom

sourcingtothe

end-use

application.

Anytracking

softwareis

allowed

Pyrolysis

Withthe

EBC/WBC

certification

ofthebiochar

production,

thepyrolysis

technology

isvalidated&

approved

Soil+non-soilapplications

Tracking

recordsmust

beprovided

throughoutthe

entirechainof

custodyfrom

sourcingtothe

end-use

application.

dMRV

systemrequired,

andmustbe

endorsedbyCSI

annually

PyrolysisGasification

Low

technology

OR

Pyrolysiscookstoves

Othersmust

gothrougha

system

endorsement

Soil+non-soilapplications

Tracking

recordsmust

beprovided

throughoutthe

entirechainof

custodyfrom

sourcingtothe

end-use

application.

dMRV

systemrequired,

andmustbe

endorsedbyCSI

annually

Pictures

requiredwith

date/timestamp

&geolocation.

Pyrolysis

Gasification

Biomassboilers

Soil+non-soilapplications

Tracking

recordsmust

beprovided

throughoutthe

entirechainof

custodyfrom

sourcingtothe

end-use

application.

Tracking

software,

third-party

tracking,or

paperbillsof

ladingisallowed

PyrolysisGasification

Soil

applications+

incorporation

inconstruction

materials

Tracking

recordsmust

beprovided

throughoutthe

entirechainof

custodyfrom

sourcingtothe

end-use

application.

Tracking

software,

third-party

tracking,or

paperbillsof

ladingisallowed

AMANUALFORBIOCHARCARBONREMOVAL

17

SELECTINGTHERIGHTMETHODOLOGY

GlobalArtisanC-Sink

RiverseStandard

VCS

CAR

Puro

Standard

GlobalBiocharC-Sink

Requirementsforend-useapplications7

Biochar

environmental

qualitymust

beassessed&

demonstrated

tomeetcertain

benchmarks

foruse

(e.g.insoils,seerule1.1.7inthemethodology)

Leakage&uncertainties

Allupstream

&downstream

emission

sourcesmust

beincludedin

theLCAviause

ofadequate

emissionfactors

(e.g.transportis

notconsidered

leakage,but

directproject

emissions)

Additionalleakage

penaltiesmaybe

applieddepend-

ingonproject

specifics(landuse

change,energy

leakage,etc.)

Biocharmustbe

utilizedwithin1yearof

production

Ifappliedtosoil:1)mustbe

mixedwith

othersubstrates

2)mustcomply

withIBItesting

guidelinesor

EBCproduction

Non-soil

end-use

application

requires

sequestered

carbonis

preserved

long-term

Leakage

emissionsare

partofthenet

GHG

quantification

Leakag