英語(yǔ)四級(jí)聽(tīng)力?？紙?chǎng)景詞及規(guī)律

PAGE4英語(yǔ)四級(jí)聽(tīng)力?？紙?chǎng)景詞及規(guī)律1、詞匯總結(jié)：校園:department,school,lawschool（法律學(xué)院）,researchpaper,termpaper（學(xué)期報(bào)告）,readinglist（參考書(shū)目,閱讀書(shū)目）,readingreport（書(shū)面報(bào)告,讀書(shū)報(bào)告）,lecture,undergraduate,graduate,postgraduate（研究生）,freshman,sophomore（二年級(jí)學(xué)生）,junior,senior,course,credit,tuition(

學(xué)費(fèi)),scholarship,cafeteria(自助餐廳或食堂)公司:interview,post(崗位),position(職位,職務(wù)),applyfor,resume(地位；職位),workingexperiencebank:deposit(

將（錢(qián)）存入銀行；存儲(chǔ)),draw,interest,check,bankbook,openanaccount(

開(kāi)戶(hù)),exchange,moneyexchange,rateofexchange,currency(市價(jià))depositsavings(定期存款)郵局:letter,stamp,envelope,postage,ordinarymail,expressmail（快件;快信）,zipcode(郵遞區(qū)號(hào)),moneyorder(

匯票,郵政匯票),package,parcel(包裹),registeredletter(掛號(hào)信),airmail,mailaletter火車(chē)站:platform(站臺(tái)),waiting-room,inquiryoffice,baggageoffice,ticketoffice,one-wayticket,returnticket機(jī)場(chǎng):plane,waitinglounge(候車(chē)室),informationoffice,duty-freeshop,boardingpass/ticket,firstclass,businessclass,economyclass,airticket,airfare,directflight,non-stopflight,stopover(中途停留),domesticflight(國(guó)內(nèi)班機(jī),國(guó)內(nèi)航班),internationalflight,flightNo.280,airhostess,NoSmokingsign,seatbelt(安全帶),takeoff,land,gatenumber,departure(啟程),arrival，coach,gothroughthecustoms(經(jīng)過(guò)海關(guān)檢查)餐廳:menu,waiter,waitress,maindish,appetizer(開(kāi)胃品;開(kāi)胃飲料),dessert((餐后)甜食,甜點(diǎn)),thefirstcourse,readytoorder,atableforfour,underdone,well-done,half-done,over-done,tender（提出；提供）,havethebill,reserveatable,beef,mutton,pork,steak,chicken,salad,cabbage,potato,tomato,knife,fork,spoon,tray,seafood,hamburger,drinks,applepie旅館:singleroomwithbath,doubleroom,suite,presidentialsuite（總統(tǒng)客房）,lobby（門(mén)廳，前廳，大廳）,checkin,checkout,roomnumber,receptionist（接待員）,makeareservation圖書(shū)館:borrowabook,returnabook,overdue,renew,catalog（

目錄）,fine,librarian,backissue（過(guò)期刊物）,currentissue,referencebook,magazine,journal,bookshelf醫(yī)院:prescribesomemedicines,runafever,havearunningnose（流鼻涕）,nosecongestion（鼻塞）,takethetemperature,scratchythroat（喉嚨沙啞）,sorethroat（喉嚨痛）,cough,pills,tablets,headache,stomach,dizzy,flu,catchacold,wornout完形填空模擬練習(xí)(一)

Directions:Thereare20blanksinthefollowingpassage.ForeachblanktherearefourchoicesmarkedA),C),B)andD)ontherightsideofthepaper.YoushouldchoosetheONEthatbestfitsintothepassage.ThenmarkthecorrespondingletterintheAnswerSheetwithasinglelinethroughthecenter.

Thetraditionalweddingvow“tostaytogethertilldeathusdopart”isbecomingobsoleteinmostwesterncountries1divorceratescontinuetorisesteadily.IntheUS,forexample,thestatisticsfor1978showonedivorcefor2twomarriages;inthatyear,overamillioncouples3theirmarriagesdissolved,oftenathighfinancialandsocial4

Onefactorbehindthesteadyrisein5rates,accordingtosociologists,isthechanging6ofwomen.Moreandmorewomenarecontinuingtowork7marriage,thusremainingfinanciallyindependent.8,theyarebecomingless9ofhusbandswhotreatthemassubordinates.10importantfactoristhegradualrelaxationofdivorce11inmanystates.Itisnow12easytoobtainadivorceonthe13ofirretrievablebreakdownofmarriage.

14divorceisoftentheonlysatisfactorysolutionmarriedcoupleswhocannolonger15thesightofeachother,itcanhaveashockingeffectontheir16.

Itisestimatedthatone17fourchildrenintheUnitedStates18liveswithonlyoneparent.Manysuchchildrengrowuptobeemotionallyunstableto19withthepressuresofmodernsociety.Theyaretheprincipal20ofdivorce.

1.A)soB)whileC)thoughD)as

2.A)everyB)theC)considerD)each

3.A)letB)wishedC)wantedD)had

4.A)fareB)chargeC)dutyD)cost

5.A)weddingB)deathC)divorceD)growth

6.A)statusB)stayC)stallD)statue

7.A)tillB)forC)afterD)since

8.A)StillB)MoreoverC)TherebyD)However

9.A)tolerableB)tolerantC)intolerableD)intolerant

10.A)OtherB)AnotherC)AnyD)One

11.A)ordersB)principlesC)lawD)disciplines

12.A)relativeB)considerableC)relativelyD)considering

13.A)surfacesB)bordersC)bottomsD)grounds

14.A)WhileB)AsC)butD)Therefore

15.A)seeB)keepC)standD)catch

16.A)parentsB)boysC)kidD)relatives

17.A)toB)inC)ofD)out

18.A)timelyB)currentlyC)incidentallyD)instantly

19.A)handleB)copeC)endureD)bear

20.A)tragediansB)losersC)victimsD)captures

Anwser:1.D2.A3.D4.D5.B6.A7.B8.C9.D10.C11.B12.B13.D14.A15.B16.B17.C18.C19.B20.B模擬練習(xí)(二)Directions:Thereare20blanksinthefollowingpassage.ForeachblanktherearefourchoicesmarkedA),C),B)andD)ontherightsideofthepaper.YoushouldchoosetheONEthatbestfitsintothepassage.ThenmarkthecorrespondingletterintheAnswerSheetwithasinglelinethroughthecenter.

Thehorseandcarriageisathingofthepast,butloveandmarriagearestillwithus答案：1.YourshouldinterpretwhatIsaidinmysenseoftheword,notinyours(而不是按你自己的意思去解釋)

(本題考查名詞性物主代詞作介詞賓語(yǔ)時(shí)的語(yǔ)法功能，這里的名詞性考試大物主代詞是yours，作介詞in的賓語(yǔ))

2.Shereachedthetopofthehillandstoppedtorest（停下來(lái)休息）onabigrockbythesideofthepath

(本題考查stop的用法，stoptodo意思是停止做某事后去做另一件事，stopdoingsth意思是停止做某事。由題意可知，她到了山頂，停下來(lái)在一個(gè)路邊的大石頭上休息，因此應(yīng)選擇“stoptodo”停止做某事后去做另一件事)

3.Yourproposallooksgoodonpaper,butIamnotconvinceditcanbeputintoeffect(它能付諸實(shí)施)

(本題考查被動(dòng)語(yǔ)態(tài)和常用介詞詞組，putintoeffect意思是付諸實(shí)施)

4.Themadmanwasputinthesoftpaddedcelllestheinjurehimself(以免他傷害了自己)

(本題考查“l(fā)est”的用法，用lest連接句子謂語(yǔ)部分用should加原形動(dòng)詞，should可省略)

5.Thenewcomersfounditimpossibletoadaptthemselvestotheclimate(適應(yīng)氣候)sufficientlytomakepermanenthomesinthenewcountry

（四）1.______________________(在地震中遭到破壞)，allthetallbuildingsinthecityhadtoberebuilt.

2.Wereit_____________________(要不是大氣層)，thestarscouldbeseenshiningatanytimeintheday.

3.Thespeakerurgedthecoal-minersto____________________(維護(hù)自己的權(quán)利)，nomatterhowdifficultitwouldbe.

4.Thelocalgovernmenthasdecidedto_____________________(拆除舊城區(qū))tobuildacentralpark.

5.Ireallyfoundithardto___________________(忍住脾氣)withsomanythingsgoingwrong.

答案：

1.Havingbeendamagedbytheearthquake(在地震中遭到破壞)，allthetallbuildingsinthecityhadtoberebuilt.

(本題考查分詞結(jié)構(gòu)作狀語(yǔ)，還考查破壞和建筑物考試大之間的邏輯關(guān)系是被動(dòng)關(guān)系)

2.Wereitnotfortheatmosphere(要不是考試大大氣層)，thestarscouldbeseenshiningatanytimeintheday.

(本題考查虛擬語(yǔ)氣中的“要不是”的表達(dá)方式是notfor)

3.Thespeakerurgedthecoal-minerstostandupfortheirownrights(維護(hù)自己的權(quán)利)，nomatterhowdifficultitwouldbe.

(本題考查短語(yǔ)“維護(hù)權(quán)利”的表達(dá)方式是standupfortheirownrights)

4.Thelocalgovernmenthasdecidedtoteardowntheolddistrict(拆除舊城區(qū))tobuildacentralpark.

(本題考查短語(yǔ)“拆除”的表達(dá)方式是teardown)

5.Ireallyfoundithardtokeepmytemper(忍住脾氣)withsomanythingsgoingwrong.（五）1.She___________________(感到內(nèi)疚)aboutnottellingthepolicewhathadactuallyhappened.

2.Manyatime___________________(警告過(guò)那孩子不要玩火)butheturnsadeafeartothewarnings.

3.Inmanufacturingindustriessometypesofplasticshavebecome_______________________(取代了金屬).

4.Withoutasuresupplyofwater,farminginthatarearemains_________________________(靠天吃飯).

5.Itwasbecauseshewasinexperienced_____________________(她不知道如何應(yīng)對(duì)這種形式).

答案：

1.Shehadaguiltyconscience(感到內(nèi)疚)aboutnottellingthepolicewhathadactuallyhappened.

(本題考查形容詞搭配，haveaguiltyconscienceabout意思為“內(nèi)疚”)

2.Manyatimehasthechildbeentoldnottoplaywithfire(警告過(guò)那孩子不要玩火)butheturnsadeafeartothewarnings.

(本題考查倒裝結(jié)構(gòu)，此句中“but”是并列連詞，連接兩個(gè)并列句，狀語(yǔ)manyatime放在句首，句子要倒裝)

3.Inmanufacturingindustriessometypesofplasticshavebecomeasubstituteformetal(取代了金屬).

(本題考查名詞辨析與搭配，名詞substitute?？荚嚧笥糜凇皊ubstitutefor”結(jié)構(gòu)中，意為“替代”)

4.Withoutasuresupplyofwater,farminginthatarearemainsatthemercyoftheweather(靠天吃飯)

(本題考查mercy的用法，atthemercyof意為“任憑…的擺布”“完全收…的支配”)

5.Itwasbecauseshewasinexperiencedthatshedidn’tknowhowtodealwiththesituation(她不知道如何應(yīng)對(duì)這種形式)【閱讀練習(xí)】（一）Nowletuslookathowweread.Whenwereadaprintedtext,oureyesmoveacrossapageinshort,jerkymovement.Werecognizewordsusuallywhenoureyesarestillwhentheyfixate.Eachtimetheyfixate,weseeagroupofwords.Thisisknownastherecognitionspanorthevisualspan.Thelengthoftimeofrwhichtheeyesstopthedurationofthefixationvariesconsiderablyfrompersontoperson.Italsovaieswithinanyonepersonaccordingtohispurposeinreadingandhisfamiliaritywiththetext.Furthermore,itcanbeaffectedbysuchfactorsaslightingandtiredness.

Unfortunately,inthepast,manyreadingimprovementcourseshaveconcentratedtoomuchonhowoureyesmoveacrosstheprintedpage.Asaresultofthismisleadingemphasisonthepurelyvisualaspectsofreading,numerousexerciseshavebeendevisedtotraintheeyestoseemorewordsatonefixation.Forinstance,insomeexercises,wordsareflashedontoascreenfor,say,atenthoratwentiethofasecond.Oneoftheexerciseshasrequiredstudentstofixtheireyesonsomecentralpoint,takinginthewordsoneitherside.Suchwordpatternsareoftenconstructedintheshapeofrathersteeppyramidssothereadertakesinmoreandmorewordsateachsuccessivefixation.Alltheseexercisesareveryclever,butit’sonethingtoimproveaperson’sabilitytoseewordsandquiteanotherthingtoimprovehisabilitytoreadatextefficiently.Readingrequirestheabilitytounderstandtherelationshipbetweenwords.Consequently,forthesereasons,manyexpertshavenowbeguntoquestiontheusefulnessofeyetraining,especiallysinceanyapproachwhich

trainsapersontoreadisolatedwordsandphraseswouldseemunlikelytohelphiminreadingacontinuoustext.

Q:

1.Thetimeoftherecognitionspancanbeaffectedbythefollowingfactsexcept________.

A.one’sfamiliaritywiththetext

B.one’spurposeinreading

C.thelengthofagroupofwords

D.lightingandtiredness

2.Theauthormaybelievethatreading______.

A.requiresareadertotakeinmorewordsateachfixation

B.requiresareadertoseewordsmorequickly

C.demandsandeeply-participatingmind

D.demandsmoremindthaneyes

3Whatdoestheauthormeanbysaying“butit’sonethingtoimproveaperson’sabilitytoseewordsandquiteanotherthingtoimprovehisabilitytoreadatextefficiently.”inthesecondparapraph?

A.Theabilitytoseewordsisnotneededwhenanefficientreadingisconducted.

B.Thereadingexercisesmentionedcan’thelptoimproveboththeabilitytoseeandtocomprehendwords.

C.Thereadingexercisesmentionedcan’thelptoimproveanefficientreading.

D.Thereadingexercisesmentionedhasdoneagreatjobtoimproveone’sabilitytoseewords.

4.WhichofthefollowingisNOTtrue?

A.Thevisualspanisawordoragroupofwordsweseeeachtime.

B.Manyexpertsbegantoquestiontheefficiencyofeyetraining.

C.Theemphasisonthepurelyvisualaspectsismisleading.

D.Theeyetrainingwillhelpreadersinreadingacontinuoustext.

5.Thetuneoftheauthorinwritingthisarticleis________

Acritical

Bneutral

Cprssimistic

Doptimistic答案：CCCDA

解題思路

1C。事實(shí)細(xì)節(jié)題。第一段提到了影響視幅的因素：不同的人，不同的閱讀目的，對(duì)材料的熟悉程度，光線，疲勞。C“一組詞的長(zhǎng)度”不是能影響視幅的因素，是本題的答案。

2C。觀點(diǎn)態(tài)度題。作者在第二段第二句提到，眼睛訓(xùn)練課程只注重了閱讀的視覺(jué)因素。倒數(shù)第二句書(shū)哦，閱讀要求具備理解單詞間關(guān)系的能力。因此選項(xiàng)C“閱讀需要大腦的深度參與”正確。作者沒(méi)有否定閱讀的視覺(jué)因素的必要性，但是也沒(méi)有說(shuō)讀者應(yīng)該練習(xí)拓寬視幅，加快閱讀速度。所以AB兩項(xiàng)都不正確。作者沒(méi)有對(duì)大腦和眼睛在閱讀過(guò)程中的重要性進(jìn)行對(duì)比，所以不選D

3C。作者在這句話中先是肯定了那些閱讀練習(xí)提高看單詞的能力，然后提出了有效閱讀概念。后面句中還指出，有效閱讀需要的是理解單詞間的聯(lián)系的能力。所以作者的意思應(yīng)該是那些(訓(xùn)練眼睛的)閱讀練習(xí)對(duì)與有效的閱讀無(wú)益。B與文章相反。D句是蘊(yùn)涵其中一個(gè)意思，卻不是作者想表達(dá)的方向。

4D。第二段最后一句說(shuō)，眼睛訓(xùn)練對(duì)于幫助讀者閱讀連貫文章無(wú)益，所以D是錯(cuò)的，是本題答案。

5A。參考前面的結(jié)構(gòu)剖析，作者寫(xiě)本文的主要目的是對(duì)那些只關(guān)注閱讀的視覺(jué)因素的閱讀能力課程進(jìn)行批判，所以答案應(yīng)該是A。（二）Nowletuslookathowweread.Whenwereadaprintedtext,oureyesmoveacrossapageinshort,jerkymovement.Werecognizewordsusuallywhenoureyesarestillwhentheyfixate.Eachtimetheyfixate,weseeagroupofwords.Thisisknownastherecognitionspanorthevisualspan.Thelengthoftimeofrwhichtheeyesstopthedurationofthefixationvariesconsiderablyfrompersontoperson.Italsovaieswithinanyonepersonaccordingtohispurposeinreadingandhisfamiliaritywiththetext.Furthermore,itcanbeaffectedbysuchfactorsaslightingandtiredness.

Unfortunately,inthepast,manyreadingimprovementcourseshaveconcentratedtoomuchonhowoureyesmoveacrosstheprintedpage.Asaresultofthismisleadingemphasisonthepurelyvisualaspectsofreading,numerousexerciseshavebeendevisedtotraintheeyestoseemorewordsatonefixation.Forinstance,insomeexercises,wordsareflashedontoascreenfor,say,atenthoratwentiethofasecond.Oneoftheexerciseshasrequiredstudentstofixtheireyesonsomecentralpoint,takinginthewordsoneitherside.Suchwordpatternsareoftenconstructedintheshapeofrathersteeppyramidssothereadertakesinmoreandmorewordsateachsuccessivefixation.Alltheseexercisesareveryclever,butit’sonethingtoimproveaperson’sabilitytoseewordsandquiteanotherthingtoimprovehisabilitytoreadatextefficiently.Readingrequirestheabilitytounderstandtherelationshipbetweenwords.Consequently,forthesereasons,manyexpertshavenowbeguntoquestiontheusefulnessofeyetraining,especiallysinceanyapproachwhich

trainsapersontoreadisolatedwordsandphraseswouldseemunlikelytohelphiminreadingacontinuoustext.

Q:

1.Thetimeoftherecognitionspancanbeaffectedbythefollowingfactsexcept________.

A.one’sfamiliaritywiththetext

B.one’spurposeinreading

C.thelengthofagroupofwords

D.lightingandtiredness

2.Theauthormaybelievethatreading______.

A.requiresareadertotakeinmorewordsateachfixation

B.requiresareadertoseewordsmorequickly

C.demandsandeeply-participatingmind

D.demandsmoremindthaneyes

3Whatdoestheauthormeanbysaying“butit’sonethingtoimproveaperson’sabilitytoseewordsandquiteanotherthingtoimprovehisabilitytoreadatextefficiently.”inthesecondparapraph?

A.Theabilitytoseewordsisnotneededwhenanefficientreadingisconducted.

B.Thereadingexercisesmentionedcan’thelptoimproveboththeabilitytoseeandtocomprehendwords.

C.Thereadingexercisesmentionedcan’thelptoimproveanefficientreading.

D.Thereadingexercisesmentionedhasdoneagreatjobtoimproveone’sabilitytoseewords.

4.WhichofthefollowingisNOTtrue?

A.Thevisualspanisawordoragroupofwordsweseeeachtime.

B.Manyexpertsbegantoquestiontheefficiencyofeyetraining.

C.Theemphasisonthepurelyvisualaspectsismisleading.

D.Theeyetrainingwillhelpreadersinreadingacontinuoustext.

5.Thetuneoftheauthorinwritingthisarticleis________

Acritical

Bneutral

Cprssimistic

Doptimistic答案：CCCDA

解題思路

1C。事實(shí)細(xì)節(jié)題。第一段提到了影響視幅的因素：不同的人，不同的閱讀目的，對(duì)材料的熟悉程度，光線，疲勞。C“一組詞的長(zhǎng)度”不是能影響視幅的因素，是本題的答案。

2C。觀點(diǎn)態(tài)度題。作者在第二段第二句提到，眼睛訓(xùn)練課程只注重了閱讀的視覺(jué)因素。倒數(shù)第二句書(shū)哦，閱讀要求具備理解單詞間關(guān)系的能力。因此選項(xiàng)C“閱讀需要大腦的深度參與”正確。作者沒(méi)有否定閱讀的視覺(jué)因素的必要性，但是也沒(méi)有說(shuō)讀者應(yīng)該練習(xí)拓寬視幅，加快閱讀速度。所以AB兩項(xiàng)都不正確。作者沒(méi)有對(duì)大腦和眼睛在閱讀過(guò)程中的重要性進(jìn)行對(duì)比，所以不選D

3C。作者在這句話中先是肯定了那些閱讀練習(xí)提高看單詞的能力，然后提出了有效閱讀概念。后面句中還指出，有效閱讀需要的是理解單詞間的聯(lián)系的能力。所以作者的意思應(yīng)該是那些(訓(xùn)練眼睛的)閱讀練習(xí)對(duì)與有效的閱讀無(wú)益。B與文章相反。D句是蘊(yùn)涵其中一個(gè)意思，卻不是作者想表達(dá)的方向。

4D。第二段最后一句說(shuō)，眼睛訓(xùn)練對(duì)于幫助讀者閱讀連貫文章無(wú)益，所以D是錯(cuò)的，是本題答案。

5A。參考前面的結(jié)構(gòu)剖析，作者寫(xiě)本文的主要目的是對(duì)那些只關(guān)注閱讀的視覺(jué)因素的閱讀能力課程進(jìn)行批判，所以答案應(yīng)該是A。（三）Yearsago,doctorsoftensaidthatpainwasanormalpartoflife.Inparticular,whenolderpatients__47__ofpain,theyweretolditwasanaturalpartofagingandtheywouldhavetolearntolivewithit.

Timeshavechanged.Today,wetakepain__48__.Indeed,painisnowconsideredthefifthvitalsign,asimportantasbloodpressure,temperature,breathingrateandpulsein__49__aperson’swell-being.Weknowthatchronic(慢性的)paincandisrupt(擾亂)aperson’slife,causingproblemsthat__50__frommissedworktodepression.

That’swhyagrowingnumberofhospitalsnowdependuponphysicianswho__51__inpainmedicine.Notonlydoweevaluatethecauseofthepain,whichcanhelpustreatthepainbetter,butwealsohelpprovidecomprehensivetherapyfordepressionandotherpsychologicalandsocial__52__relatedtochronicpain.Suchcomprehensivetherapyoften__53__theworkofsocialworkers,psychiatrists(心理醫(yī)生)andpsychologists,aswellasspecialistsinpainmedicine.

Thismodern__54__forpainmanagementhasledtoawealthofinnovativetreatmentswhicharemoreeffectiveandwithfewersideeffectsthaneverbefore.Decadesago,therewereonlya__55__numberofdrugsavailable,andmanyofthemcaused__56__sideeffectsinolderpeople,includingdizzinessandfatigue.Thiscreatedadouble-edgedsword:themedicationshelpedrelievethepainbutcausedotherproblemsthatcouldbeworsethanthepainitself.

注意：此部分試題請(qǐng)?jiān)诖痤}卡2上作答A)resultI)determiningB)involvesJ)limitedC)significantK)gravelyD)rangeL)complainedE)relievedM)respectF)issuesN)promptingG)seriouslyO)specializeH)magnificent

第一步：

第一步是每位學(xué)生都要去做的，就是把15個(gè)單詞通過(guò)后綴進(jìn)行詞性分類(lèi)，但是通常我的習(xí)慣是遇到動(dòng)詞進(jìn)行二次分類(lèi)：確定時(shí)態(tài)，確定單三還是非單三；遇到名詞確定單數(shù)還是復(fù)數(shù)；我一直認(rèn)為單詞不認(rèn)識(shí)不應(yīng)該成為學(xué)生放棄選詞填空的原因，在做第一步之前我先把4級(jí)歷年真題選詞填空中出現(xiàn)頻率最高的后綴全部列舉出來(lái)：

名詞后綴：tion/sion/ness/ment/er/or/ist/ism

形容詞后綴：able/al/ant/ent/tive/sive/ous/less/ed/ing

動(dòng)詞后綴:ate/lize/ing/ed

副詞后綴：ly/ward/wise

在歷年真題中只要出現(xiàn)ly一定為副詞，這是頻率。

好，我們開(kāi)始分類(lèi)：

名詞單數(shù)：A)result結(jié)果M)respect（尊重）

可能的名詞復(fù)數(shù)：F)issuesB)involves

動(dòng)詞原形：O)specializeM)respect（尊