任務(wù)精讀：隧道襯砌概述（雙語）課件講解

隧道施工技術(shù)隧道襯砌概述TunnelConstructionTechnologyOverviewofTunnelLining123隧道襯砌的支護(hù)形式與分類隧道襯砌概述目錄TableofContentsOverviewofTunnelLining課程小結(jié)隧道襯砌對材料的要求SupportFormandClassificationofTunnelLiningMaterialRequirementsforTunnelLiningSummary隧道襯砌的支護(hù)形式與分類SupportFormandClassificationofTunnelLining01隧道襯砌TunnelLining隧道襯砌是指隧道開挖以后為了保持坑道的穩(wěn)定，在坑道周圍修建支護(hù)結(jié)構(gòu)Tunnelliningreferstoasupportstructurebuiltaroundthegalleryaftertunnelexcavation，inordertomaintainthestabilityofthegallery.那么這個(gè)隧道支護(hù)的形式有哪幾種呢？Whatarethesupportforms?隧道襯砌概述OverviewofTunnelLining隧道襯砌的支護(hù)形式與分類SupportFormandClassificationofTunnelLining從外部支撐著坑道的圍巖,如模筑混凝土整體式襯砌、噴射混凝土支護(hù)等。外部支護(hù)ExternalsupportItsupportsthesurroundingrockofgalleryfromtheoutside,suchasmodel-buildingconcretemonolithiclining,shotcretesupport,etc.內(nèi)部與外部支護(hù)混合在一起的襯砌,如噴錨支護(hù)。混合支護(hù)CombinedsupportLiningswheretheinternalandexternalsupportsarecombined,suchasshotcrete-boltsupport.對圍巖進(jìn)行加固以提高其穩(wěn)定性,如錨桿支護(hù)、壓入漿液等。內(nèi)部支護(hù)InternalsupportItreinforcesthesurroundingrocktoimproveitsstability,suchasanchorrodsupportandgrouting.隧道襯砌概述OverviewofTunnelLining隧道襯砌的支護(hù)形式與分類SupportFormandClassificationofTunnelLining隧道支護(hù)TunnelsupportShotcretelayerInteriordecorationAnchorrod隧道襯砌TunnelLining整體式模筑混凝土襯砌Model-buildingconcretemonolithiclining,裝配式襯砌Prefabricatedlining,錨噴襯砌Shotcretelining復(fù)合式襯砌compositelining.隧道襯砌概述OverviewofTunnelLining隧道襯砌的支護(hù)形式與分類SupportFormandClassificationofTunnelLining采用混凝土或鋼筋混凝土，就地灌注混凝土襯砌，也稱模筑混凝土襯砌。整體式模筑混凝土襯砌Model-buildingconcretemonolithiclining按傳統(tǒng)松弛荷載理論設(shè)計(jì)和施作。隧道襯砌概述OverviewofTunnelLining隧道襯砌的支護(hù)形式與分類SupportFormandClassificationofTunnelLiningItisdesignedandconstructed，Cast-in-placeconcretelining(concreteorreinforcedconcrete),alsoknownasmodel-buildingconcretelining.accordingtothetraditionalrelaxationloadtheory.整體式模筑混凝土襯砌Model-buildingconcretemonolithiclining隧道襯砌概述OverviewofTunnelLining隧道襯砌的支護(hù)形式與分類SupportFormandClassificationofTunnelLining立?！嘧ⅰB(yǎng)生—拆模工藝流程：Processflow:formworkerection–pouring–curing–formworkremoval整體式模筑混凝土襯砌Model-buildingconcretemonolithiclining隧道襯砌概述OverviewofTunnelLining隧道襯砌的支護(hù)形式與分類SupportFormandClassificationofTunnelLining

對地質(zhì)條件的適應(yīng)性較強(qiáng)，易于成型，整體性好，抗?jié)B性強(qiáng)，并適用于多種施工條件，如可用木模板、鋼模板或襯砌模板臺車等。特點(diǎn)Features

Goodadaptabilitytogeologicalconditions,easytoform,goodintegrityandimpermeability,andsuitableforavarietyofconstructionconditionssuchaswoodenformwork,steelformworkorliningformworkjumbo.將襯砌分成若干塊構(gòu)件，這些構(gòu)件在現(xiàn)場或工廠預(yù)制，然后運(yùn)到坑道內(nèi)用機(jī)械拼裝成一環(huán)連一環(huán)的襯砌。裝配式襯砌Prefabricatedlining

Theliningisdividedintoseveralpieces,whichareprefabricatedonsiteorinthefactory,andthentransportedtothegalleryandmechanicallyassembledintoaring-by-ringlining.隧道襯砌概述OverviewofTunnelLining隧道襯砌的支護(hù)形式與分類SupportFormandClassificationofTunnelLining裝配式襯砌Prefabricatedlining隧道襯砌概述OverviewofTunnelLining隧道襯砌的支護(hù)形式與分類SupportFormandClassificationofTunnelLining

特點(diǎn)Features

對地質(zhì)條件的適應(yīng)性較強(qiáng)，整體性好,易于成型，抗?jié)B性強(qiáng)，并適用于多種施工條件，如可用木模板、鋼模板或襯砌模板臺車等；需要養(yǎng)護(hù)時(shí)間，進(jìn)度慢。

Ithasgoodadaptabilitytogeologicalconditions,goodintegrity,easyforming,strongimpermeability,andissuitableforavarietyofconstructionconditions.Forexample,woodenformwork,steelformworkorliningformworkjumbocanbeused;however,ittakestimeforcuring,withslowprogress.它是將混凝土漿噴到圍巖上，形成一層保護(hù)膜。當(dāng)巖壁不夠穩(wěn)定時(shí),可加設(shè)錨桿、金屬網(wǎng)和剛架，因此稱為“錨噴支護(hù)”。噴錨支護(hù)Shotcretelining

Itistoshotcreteonthesurroundingrocktoformaprotectivefilm.Whentherockwallisnotstableenough,anchorrods,metalmeshesandrigidframescanbeadded,soitiscalled"bolt-shotcretesupport".隧道襯砌概述OverviewofTunnelLining隧道襯砌的支護(hù)形式與分類SupportFormandClassificationofTunnelLining噴錨支護(hù)Shotcretelining隧道襯砌概述OverviewofTunnelLining隧道襯砌的支護(hù)形式與分類SupportFormandClassificationofTunnelLining

特點(diǎn)Features

是一種符合巖體加固原理的積極支護(hù)方法，能與圍巖密貼，支護(hù)及時(shí)，柔性好；

Itisanactivesupportmethodwhichconformstotheprincipleofrockreinforcement.Itcanbecloselyattachedtothesurroundingrock,withtimelysupportandgoodflexibility;噴錨支護(hù)Shotcretelining隧道襯砌概述OverviewofTunnelLining隧道襯砌的支護(hù)形式與分類SupportFormandClassificationofTunnelLining

特點(diǎn)Features

封閉圍巖壁面，防止風(fēng)化；

Thesurroundingrockwallisclosedtopreventweathering.填充裂隙，加固圍巖；

Cracksarefilledtoreinforcethesurroundingrock.噴錨支護(hù)Shotcretelining隧道襯砌概述OverviewofTunnelLining隧道襯砌的支護(hù)形式與分類SupportFormandClassificationofTunnelLining

特點(diǎn)Features

能充分調(diào)動圍巖本身的自穩(wěn)能力,與圍巖組成共同承載體系。

Itcantakefulladvantageoftheself-stabilityofthesurroundingrockitselftoformacommonbearingsystemwiththesurroundingrock.這種由兩層或兩層以上的襯砌組成。目前最常用的是“雙層襯砌”，就是由內(nèi)襯和外襯兩層組成。這是它們之間常用的搭配。復(fù)合式襯砌CompositeliningItconsistsoftwoormorelayersoflining.Atpresent,the"double-layerlining"ismostcommonlyused,whichconsistsofinnerliningandouterlining.Thisisthemostcommonone.隧道襯砌概述OverviewofTunnelLining隧道襯砌的支護(hù)形式與分類SupportFormandClassificationofTunnelLiningIntegralconcreteAnchorrodWaterprooflayerShotcreting復(fù)合式襯砌Compositelining隧道襯砌概述OverviewofTunnelLining隧道襯砌的支護(hù)形式與分類SupportFormandClassificationofTunnelLining

特點(diǎn)Features

適用于礦山法施工的隧道；

Itisapplicablefortunnelconstructedbyminingmethod;分內(nèi)外兩層，內(nèi)襯多為混凝土襯砌，它的抗?jié)B性好，整體性好；

Thereareinnerandouterlinings;theinnerliningismostlyconcretelining,withgoodimpermeabilityandintegrity;IntegralconcreteAnchorrodWaterprooflayerShotcreting復(fù)合式襯砌Compositelining隧道襯砌概述OverviewofTunnelLining隧道襯砌的支護(hù)形式與分類SupportFormandClassificationofTunnelLining

特點(diǎn)Features

外襯可以是噴錨支護(hù)，裝配式襯砌等；Theouterliningcanbeshotcrete-boltsupport,prefabricatedlining,etc.;支護(hù)及時(shí)，能有效抑制圍巖的變形、發(fā)揮圍巖的自承能力。Itprovidestimelysupporttoeffectivelypreventthedeformationofsurroundingrocktogivefullplaytotheself-bearingabilityofsurroundingrock.IntegralconcreteAnchorrodWaterprooflayerShotcreting隧道襯砌對材料的要求MaterialRequirementsforTunnelLining02抗凍性Frostresistance隧道襯砌的一般構(gòu)造要求GeneralStructuralRequirementsforTunnelLining建筑材料及其要求Buildingmaterialsandrequirements構(gòu)件尺寸Memberdimension強(qiáng)度Intensity耐久性Durability斷面尺寸Sectiondimension隧道襯砌的材料必須要有足夠的強(qiáng)度和耐久性，某些特殊情況下，還要求隧道襯砌材料具有首先FirstlyTunnelliningmaterialsmusthavesufficientstrengthanddurability.Insomespecialcases,tunnelliningmaterialsarealsorequiredtoberesistanttofrost,permeabilityanderosion.抗?jié)B性Impermeability抗侵蝕性Erosionresistance隧道襯砌概述OverviewofTunnelLining隧道襯砌對材料的要求MaterialRequirementsforTunnelLining隧道襯砌的一般構(gòu)造要求GeneralStructuralRequirementsforTunnelLining隧道襯砌概述OverviewofTunnelLining隧道襯砌對材料的要求MaterialRequirementsforTunnelLining

從經(jīng)濟(jì)角度考慮還需要滿足就地取材、造價(jià)低、施工方便等要求此外Besides就地取材、造價(jià)低、施工方便及易于機(jī)械化施工等要求Requirementsoflocalmaterials,lowcost,convenientconstructionandeasymechanizedconstruction

fromtheperspectiveofeconomy,itisalsonecessarytomeettherequirementsoflocalmaterials,lowcostandconvenientconstruction.常見的隧道襯砌材料Commontunnelliningmaterials整體性和抗?jié)B性較好withgoodintegrityandimpermeability混凝土與鋼筋混凝土Concreteandreinforcedconcrete隧道襯砌概述OverviewofTunnelLining隧道襯砌對材料的要求MaterialRequirementsforTunnelLining常見的隧道襯砌材料Commontunnelliningmaterials隧道襯砌概述OverviewofTunnelLining隧道襯砌對材料的要求MaterialRequirementsforTunnelLiningInordertosavecement,rubbleconcreteisallowedforsidewalllininginsectionswithgoodrockstratum.Thecontentofrubbleshallnotexceed20%ofthetotalvolume;片石混凝土Concreteandreinforcedconcrete為了節(jié)省水泥，在巖層較好地段的邊墻襯砌，允許采用片石混凝土（片石的摻量不應(yīng)超過總體積的20%）；常見的隧道襯砌材料Commontunnelliningmaterials隧道襯砌概述OverviewofTunnelLining隧道襯砌對材料的要求MaterialRequirementsforTunnelLiningtherubbleshallbehard,withastrengthofnolessthanMP40,withoutfissuresandresistanttoweathering.片石混凝土Concreteandreinforcedconcrete石料要堅(jiān)硬,其強(qiáng)度等級不應(yīng)低于MP40，且不應(yīng)采用有裂隙和易風(fēng)化的石料。常見的隧道襯砌材料Commontunnelliningmaterials隧道襯砌概述OverviewofTunnelLining隧道襯砌對材料的要求MaterialRequirementsforTunnelLining優(yōu)點(diǎn)：可就地取材，造價(jià)低，耐久性和耐侵蝕性較好。Advantages:Localmaterials,withlowcost,gooddurabilityanderosionresistance.缺點(diǎn)：整體性差，防水性能較差，費(fèi)工、費(fèi)時(shí)，施工進(jìn)度較慢。Disadvantages:Poorintegrityandwaterproofperformance,labor-consumingandtime-consuming,andslowconstructionprogress.石料和混凝土預(yù)制塊Precastconcreteblock常見的隧道襯砌材料Commontunnelliningmaterials隧道襯砌概述OverviewofTunnelLining隧道襯砌對材料的要求MaterialRequirementsforTunnelLining噴射混凝土Shotcrete常見的隧道襯砌材料Commontunnelliningmaterials隧道襯砌概述OverviewofTunnelLining隧道襯砌對材料的要求MaterialRequirementsforTunnelLining噴射混凝土Shotcrete錨桿Anchorrod常見的隧道襯砌材料Commontunnelliningmaterials隧道襯砌概述OverviewofTunnelLining隧道襯砌對材料的要求MaterialRequirementsforTunnelLining噴射混凝土Shotcrete錨桿Anchorrod剛架Rigidframe常見的隧道襯砌材料Commontunnelliningmaterials隧道襯砌概述OverviewofTunnelLining隧道襯砌對材料的要求MaterialRequirementsforTunnelLining噴射混凝土Shotcrete錨桿Anchorrod剛架Rigidframe裝配式材料Fabricatedmaterials除了材料的要求之外，隧道襯砌還有很多構(gòu)造要求Inadditiontothematerialrequirements,therearemanystructuralrequirementsforthetunnellining.隧道襯砌其他構(gòu)造及其要求Othertunnelliningstructuresandrequirements隧道襯砌概述OverviewofTunnelLining隧道襯砌對材料的要求MaterialRequirementsforTunnelLining隧道襯砌其他構(gòu)造及其要求Othertunnelliningstruc