2025屆高考英語能力提升語法講義學(xué)案

能力提升語法1時態(tài)

一般現(xiàn)在時

Ialways/usually/often/sometimes/seldom/nevergetupearly.

Hegetsupearlyeveryday/whenit'snecessary.

Myparentsownarestaurant.

Theearthgoesaroundthesun.

Inthemovie,theboymeetsagirlandfallsinlovewithher.

現(xiàn)在進行時is/am/aredoing

We'retakinganEnglishlessonnow.

I'mlivinginShanghaicurrently.［對比］IliveinBeijing.

Thepriceoffoodisrisingdramatically.

Exercise

令Choosethebestendingsforthesentences.

1)Fionaiswatchingtelevision

a)becauseherfavouritefilmstarison.

b)whenshehastime.

2)Idotheshopping

a)atthesametimeeveryweek.

b)todayforafriendwho'sill.

3)Thecompany'sfinancialsituationisimproving

a)whenthereisgreaterdemandforitsproducts.

b)becauseitnowhasanewCEO.

一般過去時did/usedtodo

過去發(fā)生的(一連串)動作

(Yesterday)ItookmyEnglishlessonandbegantodomyhomework.ThenIfinished

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myhomeworkandwenthome.

過去習(xí)慣性動作

Heoftenvisitedheratthattime.(Heusedtovisither.)

過去狀態(tài)

Myparentsownedarestaurantfor18years.(Myparentsusedtoownarestaurant.)

過去進彳亍時was/weredoing

IWASdoinghomeworkwhenhecalledme.

Asweweredrivinghome,itbegantorain.

WhileIwasreadingabook,hewasdrawing.

Werealiseditwassnowingmoreandmoreheavily.

現(xiàn)在完成時have/hasdone

完成，結(jié)果(對現(xiàn)在的影響)

I'vealreadyfinishedmyhomework.NowIcangohome.

Haveyouwrittenyourhomework(yet)?-1havenotwrittenmyhomeworkyet.

I'vewrittenfiveessayssinceIbeganthiscourse/sofar/for(in)thelastyear.

Shehasbeenabroadtwice.

I'veneverbeentoFrance(before).

現(xiàn)在完成進行時have/hasbeen-ing

強調(diào)動作本身或者持續(xù)的時間

IhavebeenlearningEnglishforthepastweek/since2022.

Shehasbeenworkingonheressayfor3hours,andhasnowfinishedit.

過去完成時haddone

過去的過去

BeforeMozartwasborn,fiveofhissiblingshadalreadydied.

Whenhecalledme,Ihadfinishedcooking.(Ifinishedcookingandhecalledme.)

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［間接引語］Hesaid,a\metyourfather/->Hesaidhehadmetmyfatherbefore.

過去完成進行時hadbeendoing

強調(diào)動作或持續(xù)的時間

Shehrdbeenlearningtodanceforthreeyearswhenhemether.

Exercise

令Fillintheblankwiththecorrectformoftheverbs.

1)Sofar,we(learn)onethousandEnglishwords.

2)Inmycountrywe(drive)ontheright-handsideoftheroad.

3)Explorersatthattime(believe)thattheworldwasflat.

4)Theaccidenthappenedwhileshe(watch)thenewsonTV.

5)I(work)onmyessayforthelastweek,and

(finish)itnow.

6)Lastyear,Igraduated/havegraduated/hadgraduatedfromuniversitywitha

degreeincomputerscience.Sincethen,Iwork/havebeenworking/workedat

asoftwarecompany.Overthepastfewmonths,ourteamwork/hasbeen

working/workedtirelesslyonanewproject.

7)Yesterday,I(wake)upearlyand(prepare)a

deliciousbreakfast.AsI(eat),I(receive)a

phonecallfrommyfriend.She(want)metogotoapartythat

evening.I(accept)theinvitation.Then,I(go)

shoppingforanewdress.I(find)theperfectoneand

(buy)it.Bythetimetheparty(start),I

(already,get)ready.Attheparty,I(meet)many

newpeopleand(have)agreattime.

Will/begoingto表將來

Ithinkitwillbeveryhotthere.Itwon'trainveryoftenthere.

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ThenewmovieisRoingtobeinteresting.

現(xiàn)在進行時表示將來

We'restayinginasmallhoteltonight.（Wehavemadethearrangements.）

［對比］We'regoingtobuyacar.（Wehaven'tmadethearrangementsyet.）

PresentSimple（一般現(xiàn)在時表示將來）

談?wù)摃r間表或日程

Thetrainleavesin20minutes.

Themeetingonlylastsforthreedays.

When,assoonas,after,before,until,aslongas等詞引導(dǎo)的從句中（主將從現(xiàn)）

Wewillstayathomeifitrainstomorrow.

情態(tài)動詞:may,might,could,maynot,mightnot,couldn't

Youmightmissthetrainifyoudon'tleavenow.

Hecouldn'tcometomorrow./Hemaynotcometomorrow.

FutureContinuous（將來進行時）

I'llbeworkingonthereportallnextweek.

Whatwillyoubedoingthistimeoftomorrow?

FuturePerfectSimple（將來完成時）

BytheendoftheyearIwillhavegiventhesametalksixtimes.

I'llhavefinishedthereportbynextFriday/inaweek'stime/inaweek.

FuturePerfectContinuous（將來完成進行時）

BytheendofthemonthI'llhavebeenworkinghereforthreeyears.

TheFutureinthePast（過去的將來）

Noonebelievedhewouldactuallywinthegame.

［間接弓I語］ShesaidshewouldtraveltoShanghaithenextday.

Iwasgoingtoleavethismorningbuttheycancelledmyflight.

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Exercises

令Fillinthegapswiththecorrectformoftheverbs.

1)Shesaidshe(travel)toLondonthenextmonth.

2)She(eat)breakfasteverymorning.

3)I(be)interestedinlanguagesand(study)

SpanishwhenIwasyoung.

4)They(watch)amovieatthemoment.

5)We(swim)inthepoolwhenitstartedraining.

6)He(finish)hishomeworkbeforehismothercookeddinner.

7)Bynextmonth,we(live)inthiscityforfiveyears.

8)They(visit)fivedifferentcountriessofar.

9)I(watch)amovietonightwithmyfriends.

10)Haveyouever(be)abroad?

11)We(travel)toLondonnextmonth.

12)He(read)abookwhenIcalledhim.

13)Afteruniversity,I(find)ajobataninternationalcompany.I

(work)hereforthreeyears.Currently,I(work)on

anewprojectatmyjob.MycolleaguesandI(meet)everyweek

todiscussourprogress.Inmyfreetime,I(pursue)mypassion

forphotography.Lastmonth,I(join)alocalphotographyclub.

14)I(volunteer)atalocalcharityorganizationonweekends.I

(assist)inorganizingfivedifferenteventsinthepastmonth.

令Pleasewriteaboutyourfavouritemovieinatleast10sentences.

請包含以下信息：電影的名字，類型；第一次觀看的時間，地點，和誰一起；當時怎么知道這部

電影的(別人推薦/網(wǎng)絡(luò)/其他途徑)；看過幾次這部電影；簡單描述劇情

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能力提升語法2情態(tài)動詞

能力can(could),beableto

現(xiàn)在：

IcanspeakEnglish.Ican'tspeakEnglish.

Iamabletoswim.Heisn'tabletoswim.

過去：

Hecouldn'tplaythepianowhenhewasyoungbuthecouldplaytheguitar.

Thepolicemanwasn'tabletofindoutthetruth.

將來：

Thestudentswillnotbeabletopasstheexam.

可能性

must=verypossible一定，肯定

may,could,might=possible可能

maynot,mightnot=possiblenot可能不

couldn't,can't=impossible不可能

現(xiàn)在可能性情態(tài)動詞+動詞原形

Hecouldn'tbeadoctor.=It'simpossiblethatheisadoctor.

Hemustworkveryhard.=It'sverypossiblethatheworksveryhard.

Shemightnotbestudyingnow.=It'spossiblethatsheisnotstudyingnow.

過去可能性情態(tài)動詞+have+過去分詞

Hecouldn'thaveworkedyesterday.=代'simpossiblethatheworkedyesterday.

Hemusthavebeenastudent.=It'sverypossiblethathewasastudent.

Hecouldn'thavebeenworking.=It'simpossiblethathewasworking.

Theymusthavebeenlisteningtomusicthistimeyesterday.=It'sverypossiblethat

theywerelisteningtomusicthistimeyesterday.

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將來可能性may/might/could;maynot/mightnot/couldn't

ImaygotoBeijingnextyear.

Hemaynotcomeheretomorrow./Hecouldnotcomeheretomorrow.

Exercise

令Fillintheblankswiththetheappropriateverbs:

1)Myfriendbesleepingnow.Shenevergetsupearly.

2)Itbeverycoldoutside.Youprobablyneedacoat.

3)Myfriendbeensleepingat9AMyesterday.She

nevergetsupearly.

令Translatethesentences:

1)我朋友現(xiàn)在不可能在睡覺。

2)他們可能不會通過考試。

3)她昨晚不可能睡覺了。

請求/許可may,could,can/maynot,couldnot,cannot

MayItakeabreak?-Yes,youmay.

Couldyouhelpmewithmyhomework?-Yes,Icould.

Youcan/may/couldborrowmybookifyoureturnitnextweek.

建議should/oughtto

Youshould/oughttostudyEnglisheveryday.

Heshouldn't/ou/htnottobelateforschool.

義務(wù)，必要性

must,haveto,needto=necessary

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mustn/t=notallowed

nothaveto/notneedto/needn't=notnecessary

現(xiàn)在

Youmustdoyourhomework.

Youhaveto/ne>dtofollowtherulesatschool.

Youmustn'tbelateforschool.

Youdon'tneedto/don'thaveto/needn'twaitforme.

過去

Ihrdtogetupearlyeveryday.Ineededtocatchthebus.

Ididn'thavetowaitforhim.Ididn'tneedtowaitforhim.(Ididn'twait.)

Ineedc'thavewaitedforhim.(Iwaitedforhim.)

將來

I'llhaveto/needtofinishmyhomeworktomorrow.

Sheisnotgoingtoneedtocleanherroom.

Exercise

令Fillintheblankswiththeappropriatemodalverbandthecorrectform:can,

could,ma/miaht,must,orshould.

1)He'snotansweringmycalls.Hehavelefthisphoneathome.

2)Pleaseremembertherules.Youtalkduringtheexam.

3)Hewasverysmartandspeakfivedifferentlanguages.

4)Studentswearuniformsinthisschool.

5)Itakeabreakforafewminutes?I'mverytired.

6)Theconsultantadvisedthatweanalyzethemarkettrends.

令Choosethetheappropriateverb:

1)Ididn'tneedtogo/needn'thavegonetothestationtopickherup,soIfinished

myessayinstead.

2)Nextvea門'llhaveto/I'llmustgetajobtopaybackallthemoneyI'veborrowed

fromthebankformyuniversityfees.

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3)Shecouldn't/mightnothavestolenthemoney.I'llneverbelieveit.She'ssucha

goodandhonestperson!

令Rewritethefollowingsentencesusinganappropriatemodalverbtoexpress

possibility,permission,obligation,oradvice.

1)Itisnecessaryforyoutostudyfortheexam.

Youmust/haveto/needtostudyfortheexam.

2)Youarenotallowedtosmokeinthisbuilding.

3)Shehastheabilitytosolvecomplexproblems.

4)It'snotpossiblethathewasapolicemanatthattime.

5)Itwasnecessaryforhimtogetupearlyeverydaylastyear.

6)Itwasnotnecessnryforhimtogotothestationtomeether,sohedidnotgo.

7)It'spossiblethatshedidnotworkveryhardwhenshewasinhighschool.

8)Itwasnotnecessnryforhertogoshopping,butshewentshoppinganyway.

9)In10years,it'spossiblethattheclimatewillchangedramatically.

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能力提升語法3被動語態(tài)

被動語態(tài)be(根據(jù)時態(tài)變化)+過去分詞

一般現(xiàn)在時：am/is/are+過去分詞

現(xiàn)在進行時：ambeing/isbeing/arebeing+過去分詞

一般過去時：was/were+過去分詞

過去進行時：wasbeing/werebeing+過去分詞

現(xiàn)在完成：hasbeen/havebeen+過去分詞

過去完成：hadbeen+過去分詞

將來：willbe+過去分詞

將來完成：willhavebeen+過去分詞

情態(tài)動詞：情態(tài)動詞+be+過去分詞

Freshvegetablesaredeliveredtotherestaurantsdaily.

Thehouseisbeinxpainted.

Theletterwasdeliveredyesterday.

Theroadwnsbeingrepairedlastweek.

Theassignmenthasbeensubmitted(bythestudents).

Thedocumentshadbeensignedbeforethemeeting.

Theprojectwillbecompletednextmonth.

Bynextyea。thebookwillhavebeenpublished.

Therulesmustbefollowedbyallmembers.

Exercises

1)Thecharityevent(organize)everyyear.

2)Fiveyearsago,thismovie(adapt)fromatrueevent.

3)Thenewdiscovery(announce)onthenewsnow.

4)Theproject(complete)bytheendoftheyear.

io

5)Mybike(steal)whenIwasatthestore.

6)Theparty(plan)formonthsbeforeitfinallyhappened.

主動&被動語態(tài)轉(zhuǎn)換

Active:Manypeoplelikeanimals.

Passive:Animalsareliked(bymanypeople).

Active:Peopleshouldpurchaselessalcohol.

Passive:Lessalcoholshouldbepurchased(bypeople).

Active:Theteachermademedoalotofhomework.

Passive:Iwasmadetodoalotofhomework(bytheteacher).

Active:Ihavewrittenhimaletter.=Ihavewrittenalettertohim.

Passive:Aletterhasbeenwrittentohim(byme)./Hehasbeenwrittenaletter.

Exercises

令Rewritethefollowingsentencesinthepassivevoice:

1)Johnbuiltahouse.Answer:AhousewasbuiltbyJohn,(build-built-built)

2)Wehavefinishedtheproject.

3)Theyarerenovatingtheoldbuilding,(renovate)

4)Theteacherwillexplainthelessontomorrow.

5)ThecompanyhadhiredanewCEOby2020.

6)Heboughtherflowers.=Heboughtflowersforher.(buy-bought-bought)

①She

(2)Flowers

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令Rewritethefollowingsentencesintheactivevoice:

1)Thepackagewillbedeliveredbythepostman.

2)Thedoorwasleftopenbysomeone,(leave-left-left)

3)Themistakewasmadebytheaccountant.

4)Aletterwaswrittentohimbytheeditor,(write-wrote-written)

令Changetheactivevoicesentencestopassivevoiceandviceversa.

1)Passive:Thecakewasbakedbymymother.

Active:

2)Active:Millionsofpeoplewatchedthemovie.

Passive:

3)Passive:Theproblemhasbeensolvedbytheteam.

Active:

4)Passive:ThemoviewasdirectedbyStevenSpielberg.

Active:

令Fillintheblankswiththecorrectformoftheverb:

1)Theletter(send)yesterday.

2)Thecarhasalready(repair).

3)Thereport(finish)bythetimethemeetingstarted.

4)Thehouse(clean)byaprofessionaltomorrow.

5)Thecontract(must,sign)bybothparties.

6)Theproject(complete)atthemomentandwillbe

finishedsoon.

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能力提升語法4簡單句結(jié)構(gòu)

簡單句（陳述句）五種結(jié)構(gòu)

1.主謂賓Ilikemusic.

2.主I胃Hewalksfast./Hecookseveryday.

3.中系（Linkingverb）表Theskylooksblue./Iamastudent.

4.主謂十雙賓Iwrotehimaletteryesterday./Hesentherapresent.

5.主謂賓+賓語補足語Ifindherbeautiful./Shewantedmetocomehome.

動詞形式

1.動詞+todo:hope,want,help,ask...

Ihopetopasstheexam.

Shewantstoeohome.（賓語）

2.動詞+賓語+todo:want,help,ask,make,...

Shewantsmetoeohome.（賓補）

Shehelpedmedohomework.（省略to的不定式）

Myteachermademedohomework.（被動：Iwasmadetodohomework.）

3.動詞+doing:enjoy,avoid,keep,...

Youshouldavoiddrinking.

4.動詞+介詞+doing:thinkabout,focuson,insiston,dreamof,...

I'mthinkingaboutlookingforajob.

動詞+todo和動詞+doing意思相近的詞：like,prefer,continue,start,begin...

動詞+todo和動詞+doing意思不同的詞：

goon

goontodo:停下原來的事，繼續(xù)做下一件事

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Afteruniversity,shewentontogetajob.

goondoing（continuedoing）:繼續(xù)做原本的事

Iwentonstudyingalthoughitwaslate.

stop

Stoptodo：停下上一件事,去做下一件事

IwaslostsoIstoppedtoasktheway.

stopdoing:停止做原本的事

Pleasestopmakingsomuchnoisebecauseitannoyspeople.

remember/forget

remember/forgettodo:記得/忘記要做某事

Pleaseremembertoturnoffthelightbeforeleaving.

Iforgottobuyfoodyesterday.

remember/forgetdoing:記得/忘記做了某事

Istillremembermeetingyoutenyearsago.

Shecompletelyforgotmeetinghim.

try

trytodo（努力,可能不會成功）

ItriedtopasstheexambutIfailed.

trydoing（試驗）

Ifthecoffeetastesbad,tryaddingsomemoresugar.

need

Ineedtocleanmyroom.

Theroomneedscleaning.=Theroomneedstobecleaned.

伴隨狀語

Hewalkedhome,followedbyhisdog.

Sheenteredtheroom,singingherfavouritesong.

Theyleftwiththechildrenlaughingandplaying.

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分析以下句子結(jié)構(gòu)：

1)Hisdreamistobecomeadoctor.

2)Seeingisbelieving.

3)Thefigureremainedstable.

4)Tiredfromwork,Ifellasleepreadingabooklastnight.

5)Toimproveherskills,shepracticesdaily.

6)Ilikedrinkingcoffee.

7)Peopleshouldpurchaselessalcohol.

8)Shehopestotravelaroundtheworld.

9)Shehasalotofunfinishedworktodo.

10)Theteachermademedoalotofhomework.

11)Ifoundthegirlsittingnexttomecrying.

12)Ihavewrittenhimaletter.

13)Heboughtherflowerseveryweek.

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能力提升語法5定語+定語從句

定語

MarieCuriewasanintelligentwoman.

Didyouseethebookonthetable?

Thebarkingdogisverynoisy.

Thebrokenwindowwasquicklyrepaired.

Ihavehomeworktodotoday.

找出下列句子中的定語

Hewasawonderfulsinger.

Shegavemeabooktoread.

Sheboughtahousepaintedwhite.

Awrittenreportisduebytheendoftheweek.

Thepeopleresponsiblefortheerrorhavebeenfound.

限定性定語從句

從句對于整個句子的意義是必不可少的；不使用逗號隔開，由關(guān)系代詞或關(guān)系副

詞(如who,whom,whose,which,that,where,when,why)弓|導(dǎo)

Studentswhostudyhardgetgoodgrades.

(Studentsgetgoodgrades.Studentsstudyhard.)

ThegirlwhomImetyesterdayisastudent.

(Thegirlisastudent.Imetthegirlyesterday.)

Thisisthecitywhich(that)Ihavevisitedmanytimes.

(Thisisthecity.Ihavevisitedthecitvmanytimes.)

ThetownwhereIgrewupispeaceful.=ThetowninwhichIgrewupispeaceful.

(Thetownisverypeaceful.Igrewupinthetown.)

Thedayonwhich/whenwefirstmetisunforgettable.

(Thedayisunforgettable.Wefirstmetontheday.)

Istilldon'tknowthereasonforwhich/whvheissoangry.

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(Istilldon'tthereason.Heissoangryforthereason.)

Thisistheprocessbvwhichourfactoryrecyclesglass.

(Thisistheprocess.Ourfactoryrecyclesglassbvtheprocess.)

Ilikethemusicianwhosesongsarewonderful.

(Ilikethemusician.Themusicinn'ssongsarewonderful.)

Isatinarestaurantwhosewallsarepaintedblue.

(Isatinarestaurant.Therestaurant'swallsarepaintedblue.)

關(guān)系代詞作為賓語時在從句中可以省略

Thebookthat/whichIreadwasfascinating.=ThebookIreadwasfascinating.

(Thebookwasfascinating.Ireadthebook.)

Exercises

令用正確的關(guān)系代詞/關(guān)系副詞填空(that,which,who,whom,whose,why,

where,when)

1)Thisisthereasonhedecidedtoquithisjob.

2)Thevillagewespentourchildhoodhaschangedalot.

3)Yesterday,Isawamoviewasreallyinteresting.

令將簡單句改寫為限定性定語從句

1)Theactorisfamous.TheactorwonanOscarlastyear.

2)Thestoryistrue.Thestorysoundsunbelievable.

3)Imissthecity.Ilivedinthecityforfiveyears.

4)Idon'tknowthereason.Herefusedtotakeanexamforthereason.

5)Theastronautwenttoaspacestation.Inthespacestation,hecouldstudythe

planetclosely.

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非限定性定語從句

提供關(guān)于先行詞的附加信息，但這些信息對句子的整體意義并非必需；

通常用逗號與句子的其余部分隔開;That通常不用于非限定性定語從句

Paris,whichisthecapitalofFrance,isknownforitsbeauty.

Mysister,wholivesinLondon,isateacher.

Mybirthday,whenallmyfriendsgather,ismyfavoritedayoftheyear.

(Allmyfriendsgatheronmvbirthday.)

Shepassedtheexam,whichmadeusallhappy.

Imissmygrandma,towhomIusedtobeveryclose.

(Imissmygrandma.Iusedtobeveryclosetomygrandma.)

區(qū)寸比］Themovie(that/which)wewatchedlastnight,whichexploredthedepthsof

theocean,wasfascinating.

Exercises

令將簡單句改寫為非限定性定語從句

1)Mr.Johnsonwilljoinourmeeting.Mr.JohnsonistheCEOofthecompany.

2)WevisitedRomelastsummer.RomeisthecapitalofItaly.

令用關(guān)系代詞/副詞填空(which,who,whom,whose,why,where,when)

1)Hewonthefirstprizeinthecompetition,washeldlastmonth.

2)Thestudents,weretaughtbyMrs.Smith,passedtheexam.

3)Ournewteacher,wemetyesterday,isveryexperienced.

4)Thetown'sonlylibrary,Ispendmostofmytime,hasavast

collectionofbooks.

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Exercises

令Fillintheblanks.

1)Thebookyougavemewasveryinteresting.

2)Thisisthereasonhedecidedtoleavehisjob.

3)Thevillageinwespentourchildhoodhaschangedalot.

4)Hementionedhisprofessor,advicewasreallyhelpful.

5)Thissong,towelistenedlastnight,isstillstuckinmyhead.

6)Lastweekend,Ivisitedatownisknownforitshistorical

significance.Imetaguidewasveryknowledgeable.Heshowed

methechurchwasbuiltinthe16thcentury.Nearthechurch,I

sawasmallcafe,wallsaredecoratedwithpaintings.

7)Thisscientist,dedicatedhercareertoresearchand

workhasinspiredmanyscientists,wasawardedtheNobelPrize.

令Combinetwosentencesintoone.

1)Thehouseisveryold.Theyliveinthehouse.

2)Wevisitedafactory.Itproducessolarpanels.

3)Sheadmirestheauthor.Hisnovelshaveinspiredheralot.

4)Thefirstconcertofthebandwasahugesuccess.Theconcertwasattendedby

thousandsoffans.

5)Shelikesthecentralparkverymuch.Therearealotoftreesinthepark.

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能力提升語法6名詞性從句

主語

MarieCuriewasascientist.

Everyonelookshappy.

TounderstandEnglishgrammarrequireshardwork.

WhenIwasyoung,swimmingwasmyfavoritesport.

主語從句

由連接詞如that,whether,if,what,who,how,when,where,why等弓|導(dǎo)

Whether/lfwewillgoonatripthissummerisnotdecidedyet.

Whathesaidmademehappy.

WhomImetyesterdayismybrother.

Whenhewasbornisstillunclear.

Whyhewasnothappyisveryhardtounderstand.

Howhemadesomuchmoneywasamystery.

Thatheknowssomuchaboutitissoamazing.［對■比］Itisamazingthatheknowsso

muchaboutit.

賓語

MarieCuriestudiedphysicsandchemistry.

Ienjoydancing./Theywanttostartanewproject.

Ifoundherveryclever./Myparentsdon'tletmestayuplate.

Iboughthimabook./Hesentmeapresent.

賓語從句

常由以及疑問詞如等弓|導(dǎo)

that,whether,ifwhat,who,when,where,howzwhy

Shedoesn'tknowif/whetherhewillcome.

Wewillneverknowwhyheleftus.

Idon'tknowwhathelikes.

Iwonderwhocalledusyesterday.

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Hesaid(that)theteamhadwonthegame.

Exercises

1)Ican'tunderstandhemadesuchadecision.

2)IlikethissongbutIdon'tknowyouwilllikeit.

3)causedtheaccidentisstillunknown.

4)theearthgoesaroundthesunisawell-knownfact.

5)Heaskedmemyfavoritebookwas.

表語

Heisadoctor.

Theskylooksblue.

Heseemshappy.

Thekeysareonthetable.

Mygoalistofinishthemarathon.

Hishobbyisgardening.

表語從句

通常由that引導(dǎo)，有時也可以使用疑問詞如what,who,whether/if,when,where,

how,why

ThatiswhyIdon'tlikehisbook.

Hermainconcerniswhetherjectwillbecompletedontime.

Thequestionremainshowwecanimproveourefficirncy.

同位語

MyfriendSteveisagreatmusician.

Thenovel“ToKillaMockingbird”isaclassic.

Hishobby,collectingstamps,isquiteinteresting.

SheisJ.K.Rowling,thefamouswriter.

同位語從句

21

補充或解釋緊鄰的名詞,緊跟在一個名詞之后，通常由"that"引導(dǎo)。

Theideathattheworldisflatisnowconsideredabsurd.

Weheardthenewsthattherehadbeenanaccident.

Exercises

令Fillintheblanks.

1)Theproblemiswedon'thaveenoughdata.

2)Thedebateiswecanchangethingseffectively.

3)Thenewsourteamhaswonthegameisexciting.

4)TheissueistheycandelivertheproductsbyFriday.

5)Thebeliefhardworkalwayspaysoffiswidelyaccepted.

令Pleasewriteaboutapersoninatleast8sentences.

要求：至少用兩個定語從句，兩個名詞性從句

22

能力提升語法7狀語從句+虛擬語氣

條件狀語從句

if

Ifitrainstomorrow,wewillcancelthepicnic.

unless(ifnot)

Hewon'tlistenunlessyoushoutathim.

aslongas(充分條件或保證)

Youcanborrowmycaraslongasyoureturnittomorrow.

時間狀語從句

when

Iwasreadingabookwhenthephonerang.

while

Hewaslisteningtomusicwhileshewasdoingherhomework.

［其他］WhileIlikehim,Idon'ttrusthim.

before

HehadfinishedhisworkbeforeIcamehome.

Youmustfinishyourhomeworkbeforeyoucanplaygames.

after

HewenttobedafterhehadwatchedTV.

assoonas

Hecalledmeassoonashearrived.

until

Hewaiteduntilshecameback.

since

Hehaslivedheresincehewasborn.

as

Ashewaswalking,hesawabird.

23

地點狀語從句

地點或地點關(guān)系where,wherever,anywhere

Iwillfollowyouwherever/anywhereyou?

Heliveswherethereisalake.

Iw川gowhereIcanstudyalone.以寸比］I'llgotoaplacewhereIcanstudyalone.

原因狀語從句

because,as,since

Shewaslatebecauseshemissedthebus.

Sinceyouarehere,youmightaswellstay.

AsIenjoyedlisteningtomusic,Imajoredinmusicincollege.

目的狀語從句

sothat,inorderthat

Igotupearlyinorderthat/sothctIcouldcatchthebus.

結(jié)果狀語從句

sothat,so...thatzsuch...that

Shegotupearly,sothatshecaughtthebus.

Hewassotiredthathefellasleeponthesofa.

Hewalkedsofastthathearrivedearly.

Itwassuchabeautifuldaythatwedecidedtogoforapicnic.

讓步狀語從句

though,although,evenif,eventhough,nomatter

Thoughheisrich,heisnothappy.

Althoughhedidn'tstudyveryhard,hepassedtheexam.

Sheloveshimevenifhedoesn'tloveher.

Eventhoughhedidn'tsingverywell,hebecameasinger.

Nomatterhowhardyoutry,youcould/mightfail.

方式狀語從句

24

as,asif,asthough

DoasItellyou.

Hescreamedasthoughhewascrazy.

Hetalksasifhekneweverything.

比較狀語從句

than,as...as,more...than,less...than

HeistallerthanIam.

Sheismorebea