新高考英語二輪復習題型專練24 記敘文體類語法填空(原卷版)

高考英語二輪復習題型專練（新高考）24記敘文體類語法填空【命題意圖】在一篇約200詞左右的短文中留出10個空白，部分空白后面給出單詞的基本形式，要求考生根據(jù)上下文在空白處填寫1個適當?shù)膯卧~或所給單詞的正確形式。語法填空則更側(cè)重考查考生語法和詞匯在語境中的運用，強調(diào)詞匯的變形。同時強調(diào)語篇分析能力，凸顯交際性和語境化特征?！究荚嚪较颉孔鳛楦呖夹骂}型的語法填空試題，近年高考英語該題型具有下面這些特點：文章以記敘文和說明文為主，文章長度控制在190～220詞，10道題中，有6～7個試題給出提示詞(全國卷都是7個)，要求考生；考查的要點分為詞法和語法兩部分，詞法部分包括：1)詞類的轉(zhuǎn)換，結(jié)合語境考查給出的提示詞的名詞、形容詞或副詞變化；2)介詞的固定搭配，名詞的復數(shù)形式及運用；語法部分包括：時態(tài)和語態(tài)的綜合運用，非謂語動詞，各種從句等。從近年課標卷的語法填空試題看，給出提示詞的考點主要包括：詞類的轉(zhuǎn)換(名詞與動詞的轉(zhuǎn)換，形容詞與副詞的轉(zhuǎn)換）；形容詞比較級與最高級的變化；名詞單復數(shù)的變化；動詞的時態(tài)語態(tài)、情態(tài)動詞和虛擬語氣、謂語動詞與非謂語動詞的變化等。給出提示詞考點多為實詞，所填寫的詞匯根據(jù)語境和短文或?qū)υ拑?nèi)容可以是1～3個單詞。挖空分布均勻，考點的安排注重多樣化。不給提示詞的考點主要包括：連詞（并列連詞和從屬連詞）、介詞（動詞與介詞的搭配、介詞與名詞的搭配、代詞和冠詞等。【得分要點】1、給出動詞基本形態(tài)，填寫詞性詞形轉(zhuǎn)化（轉(zhuǎn)為名詞、形容詞），或填寫謂語部分，或是填寫非謂語動詞；2、給出詞語，詞性的變化，如名詞、動詞、形容詞、副詞之間的轉(zhuǎn)化，名詞的復數(shù)形式，給出形容詞，需要填寫比較級、最高級，或詞性詞形轉(zhuǎn)化，轉(zhuǎn)化為副詞，或是填寫反義詞（前綴）；3、給出副詞，填寫比較級、最高級，或是填寫反義詞；4、不給詞語填寫限定詞的時候，很可能是填冠詞、人稱代詞主格賓格形式，物主代詞、反身代詞的單復數(shù)形式。形容詞性物主代詞或some、any、other、another等限定詞；有的名詞前有限定詞，比如：序數(shù)詞，形容詞的最高級等，其前用定冠詞?！菊骖}再現(xiàn)】【2020·全國卷III】閱讀下面短文，在空白處填入1個適當?shù)膯卧~或括號內(nèi)單詞的正確形式。InancientChinalivedanartist.___61___paintingswerealmostlifelike.Theartist’sreputationhadmadehimproud.Onedaytheemperorwantedtogethisportrait(畫像)donesohecalledallgreatartiststocomeandpresenttheir___62___(fine)work,sothathecouldchoosethebest.Theartistwassurehewould.___63___(choose),butwhenhepresentedhismasterpiecetotheemperor’schiefminister,theoldnanlaughed.ThewiseoldmantoldhimtotraveltotheLiRiver～perhapshecouldlearnalittlefromthegreatestartistintheworld.Filledwith___64___(curious),theartistpackedhisbagsandleft.___65___heaskedthevillagersonthebanksoftheriverwherehecouldfindthelegendary(傳奇的)artist,theysmiledand___66___(point)downtheriver.Thenextmorninghehiredaboatandsetout___67___(find)thewell-knownpainter.Asthesmallboatmoved,___68___(gentle)alongtheriverhewasleftspeechlessbythemountainsbeingsilentlyreflectedinthewater.Hepassedmilkywhitewaterfallsandmountainsinmanyshadesofblue.Andwhenhesawthemistsrisingfromtheriverandthesoftclouds.___69___(surround)themountaintops,hewasreducedtotears.Theartistwasfinallyhumbled(謙卑)bythegreatestartist____70____earth,MotherNature.【答案】61.whose62.finest63.bechosen64.curiosity65.When/As66.pointed67.tofind68.gently69.surrounding70.On【解析】這是一篇記敘文。主要記敘了一位畫家畫畫栩栩如生，有一天他將畫送給宰相時，這位睿智的老人告訴他去漓江旅行——也許他可以從世界上最偉大的藝術家那里學到一些東西。畫家最后發(fā)現(xiàn)這位世界上最偉大的藝術家就是大自然母親。61.考查定語從句。句意：中國古代有一位畫家，他的畫幾乎栩栩如生。此處為定語從句修飾先行詞artist，且先行詞在從句中作定語，故應用關系代詞whose。故填whose。62.考查最高級。句意：一天，皇帝想讓人給他畫一幅肖像，于是他把所有偉大的畫家都請來，展示他們最好的作品，以便他挑選最好的。結(jié)合句意，皇帝想要畫家最好的作品，表示“最好的”此處應用形容詞最高級finest。故填finest。63.考查動詞語態(tài)。句意：畫家確信他會被選中，但是當他把他的杰作送給皇帝的宰相時，這位老人笑了。本句中主語he與謂語動詞choose構(gòu)成被動關系，且would后跟動詞原形。故填bechosen。64..考查名詞。句意：懷著好奇心，藝術家收拾行囊離開了。with為介詞，后跟名詞curiosity作賓語，表示“好奇心”。故填curiosity。65.考查連接詞。句意：當他問河岸上的村民，他在哪里可以找到這位傳奇藝術家時，他們笑著指著河的下游。本句為時間狀語從句，表示“當……時候”，且從句中動詞asked為短暫性動作動詞，不能用while引導，故應用when或as引導。句首單詞首字母要大寫。故填When/As。66.考查動詞時態(tài)。句意：當他問河岸上的村民，他在哪里可以找到這位傳奇藝術家時，他們笑著指著河的下游。根據(jù)上文theysmiledand可知此處應用一般過去時。故填pointed。67.考查非謂語動詞。句意：第二天早上，他租了一條船，出發(fā)去找這位著名的畫家。結(jié)合句意表示“出發(fā)去做某事”短語為setouttodosth.，后跟不定式做目的狀語。故填tofind。68.考查副詞。句意：當小船緩緩地沿著江面移動時，山在水中的倒影使他說不出話來。此處修飾動詞moved應用副詞gently作狀語，表示“緩緩地”。故填gently。69.考查非謂語動詞。句意：當他看到霧氣從河上升起，山頂上烏云環(huán)繞，他不禁流下了眼淚。分析句子結(jié)構(gòu)可知，thesoftclouds69(surround)themountaintops是獨立主格結(jié)構(gòu)做狀語，surround在句中應用非謂語動詞形式，與邏輯主語clouds構(gòu)成主動關系，故應用現(xiàn)在分詞。故填surrounding。70.考查介詞。句意：這位藝術家最終被世界上最偉大的藝術家——大自然母親所折服。結(jié)合句意表示“在世界上”短語為onearth。故填on。【題型演練】1閱讀下面短文，在空白處填入1個適當?shù)膯卧~或括號內(nèi)單詞的正確形式。AnybirdthatcrossedhispathwouldbeeatenbyRex,aGermanshepherd.Rex1.(rescue)fromhispreviousshelter,wherehewasgoingtobeputdownafterabitingincident.Lastyear,he2.(eventual)arrivedatPuritonHorseandAnimalRescue.Geraldinewasagooseabandonedbyownerswhocouldnolongerputup3.her.Shewasn’texactlythepictureof4.(warm),either,whenshearrivedatthesameshelterthreemonthsago.Thedogandthegoosewereindividuallygivenlabelslikecruelanddangerous.Neitherseemedparticularlyharmoniouswithhumansorevenmembersoftheirownspecies.Butwhenthetwo5.(annoy)creatureswereofferedachancetohangouttogether,somethingmagicalhappened.Theychasedeachotherwhenfirst6.(introduce),butGeraldinestoodupforherselfandthatwasthat.Theyjustfellinlovewitheachother.“I’vebeendoingrescueworksince1997andseenall7.(kind)ofstrangeanimalbehavior,butI’veneverseenanythinglikethis,”saidSheilaBrislin,8.isthefounderoftheshelter.“It’ssoamusingtoseethembecausetheyloveeachothertobits.Theyareveryaffectionate.Shejust9.(run)aroundalongsidehimalldaylongandwheneverwetakehimfor10.walkinthewoodsshehastocome,too.”2閱讀下面材料，在空白處填入1個適當?shù)膯卧~或括號內(nèi)單詞的正確形式。Devoteyourselftotheworkyoudo,nottheprizeyoumightget.HaoJingfang,aTsinghuaUniversitgraduate,ispursuingherpassionforwritingandeducation.In2016,shewon11.HugoAwardwithhershortnovel,FoldingBeijing,whichmadeherthefirstfemalewriterinChinatobringhomethisprize.Lateron,theauthor12.(turn)toeducation.ShesetupTongxingAcademyforpublicwelfareeducationandWePlanets13.(develop)children’screativityafterschool.Sincebuildinghercompany,Haohasbeencarryingoutvoluntaryteaching14.(program)inruralareas.“We15.(real)wantthesekidstohavebettereducationresourceslikekidsfromthecities,”shesaid.Besides,16.(difference)fromthetypicalChineseparentssoambitiousfortheirchildren,Haosuggests17.(give)kidsmorespacefortrialanderror.“Letthechildrenhandlethereality18.decideforthemselves.Iftheystrugglewithobstacles,youcanofferthemsomeguidanceorencouragement,”Haosaid.Shealsoencouragesallwomentodiscovertheirpassions.“Welive19.abig,bigworldwithendlesspossibilities.Don'tbetooafraidtotrysomethingnew.Whenyoufindtheonethingthatyouwanttocommitto,you20.(become)fearlesstofollowyourdream.”3閱讀下面材料，在空白處填入適當?shù)膬?nèi)容(1個單詞)或括號內(nèi)單詞的正確形式。KobeBryantpassedawayinahelicoptercrashfivemonthsago.Hisfansweresoheartbrokenthattheyheldvarious21.(activity)tohonorhim.Someone''updated''thesuperstar'ssocialmedia22.April1topromotehissportsfantasynovel,TheWizenardSeries:SeasonOne,tohisfansaround23.globe.Thenovelrevolves(圍繞)aroundbasketballteam,theWestBottomBadgers,andanincrediblecoachRolabi,who24.(base)onPhilJackson,theformercoachoftheLosAngelesLakers.''Thebookstemsfrom(源于)mygoalofbringingjoybacktoyouthsports,while25.(teach)importantlifelessons.''Bryantsaidinaninterviewbeforehisdeath.Apartfromreferringtohis26.(person)basketballexperiences,healsodrawsfromthemorebasicandpsychologicaltruthsinsports:teamwork,training,perseveranceandmentaltoughness.Whiletheannouncementmaynothavecome27.(direct)fromBryant,manyfansarehopingthatthefantasticnovel28.(continue)hislegacy.Formanyothers,29.,itwasBryant'smentalitythatmadehimlegendary(傳奇的).30.(know)asthe''BlackMamba''forhispassion,persistence,andfearlessness,Bryantwillliveonthroughtheachievementsheimpressedupontheworld.4閱讀下面材料，在空白處填入適當?shù)膬?nèi)容（1個單詞）或括號內(nèi)單詞的正確形式。ThereoncewasaKingwhoofferedaprizetotheartistwhowouldpaintthe31.(good)pictureofpeace.Manyartiststried.TheKinglookedatallthepictures,buttherewereonlytwohe32.(real)likedandhehadtochoosebetweenthem.Onepicturewasofacalmlake.Thelakewasaperfectmirror,forpeacefultowering33.(mountain)wereallaroundit.Overheadwasabluesky34.whiteclouds.Allwhosawthispicturethoughtthatitwasaperfectpictureofpeace.Theotherpicturehadmountainstoo.Butthesewereruggedandbare.Abovewasanangryskyfrom35.rainfellandinwhichlighteningplayed.Downthesideofthemountaintumbledafoamingwaterfall.Thisdidnotlook36.(peace)atall.ButwhentheKinglooked,hesawbehindthewaterfallatinybush37.(grow)inacrackintherock.Inthebushamotherbirdhadbuilthernest.There,inthemidstoftherushofangrywater,satthemotherbirdonhisnest…perfectpeace.Whichpicturedoyouthinkwontheprize?TheKing38.(choose)thesecondpicture,explainedtheKing,“Becausepeacedoesnotmeantobeinaplacewherethereisnonoise,trouble39.hardwork.Peacemeans40.(be)inthemidstofallthosethingsandstillbecalminyourheart.Thatistherealmeaningofpeace.”5閱讀下面短文，在空白處填入1個適當?shù)膯卧~或括號內(nèi)單詞的正確形式。Oneday,whenIwascookingtheeveningmeal,mydaughterstoodbesidemeverystill.WhenIturned,Inearlyknockedherdown.“Moveoutoftheway,”Isaidimpatiently.Shewalkedaway,andherlittleheartwas41.(break).Ididn’trealize42.rudelyI’dspoken.WhenI43.(lie)awakeinbed,God’ssmallvoicecametomeandsaid,“While44.(deal)withastranger,youusecommonpoliteness,butthechildrenyoulove,youseemtoabuse.Lookatthekitchenfloor,andthosearetheflowersshebroughtforyou.”Bythistime,mytearsbegantofall.Iquietlywentandsatbyherbed.“Arethesetheflowersyoupicked45.me?I’msosorry.”Isaid.Shesmiled,“Oh,Mom,that’sokay.Iloveyouanyway.”Isaid,“Daughter,Iloveyoutoo,andIdoliketheflowers,46.(especial)theblue.”Youshouldbeawarethatifweweretodietomorrow,thefamilyweleftbehindwouldfeelthelossfor47.restoftheirlives.Andcometothinkaboutit,wedevote48.(us)moretoworkthantoourfamily-an49.(wise)decisionindeed.So,whatisbehindthestory?Filllifewithloveand50.(brave),andweshallliveahappylife.6閱讀下面材料，在空白處