單詞短語辨析課件高三英語上學(xué)期一輪復(fù)習(xí)專項(xiàng)

單詞短語辨析2024-11-3高三英語一輪復(fù)習(xí)214天常用詞用法辨析ache.painA.pain:n,“痛”“疼痛”:有時(shí)指突然地疼，有時(shí)指精神上痛苦。Ihaveapain(或ache)inmyhead.Thepatientcriedwithpain.Heislivinginpain.B.ache:n.“疼”、“酸疼”或持續(xù)地疼。Whereistheache?Thedullacheinhisjointbecameasharpstabbingpain.他關(guān)節(jié)的隱痛變成激烈的刺痛?！鱝che可用作不及物動(dòng)詞“疼”、“渴望”。Myheadachesterribly.affair,matter,businessA.affair:n.“事務(wù)”、“東西”、“事情”。復(fù)數(shù)也指“事態(tài)”。Theelectroniccomputerisacomplicatedaffair.電子計(jì)算機(jī)是個(gè)復(fù)雜的東西。Thegovernmentreformeditsfinancialaffairs.政府改革了財(cái)政。B.Matter:n.“事情”、“問題”,常指需要考慮的事件,不強(qiáng)調(diào)行動(dòng)Itisthematterindispute.這就是爭執(zhí)中的問題。Itisnolaughingmatter,這可不是好笑的事情,Iwillsceintothematter,我決定調(diào)查此事。C.Business;n.“業(yè)務(wù)”、“商業(yè)”、“職責(zé)”、“事情”，常強(qiáng)調(diào)任務(wù)、職務(wù)。Heisawayonbusiness,他因公外出了。Heisengagedinbusiness,他從事商業(yè)，Shestickstoherbusiness.她堅(jiān)守職責(zé)。

ago,beforeA.ago:adv.“以前”、“前”指從說話時(shí)刻起,若干時(shí)間之前。動(dòng)詞用過去時(shí)。Thathappenedcenturiesago.Wemethimtendaysago.B.before:adv.在以前,指從過去某時(shí)起,若干時(shí)間以前。動(dòng)詞常用完成時(shí);如果是泛指,則用過去時(shí)。Shesaidshehadfinishedreadingthenovelfivedaysbe-fore.Ihaveneverseenhimbefore.(以前,我從未見過他。)△before也可以用作介詞或連詞。Wevisitedthatplacebeforeyourcoming.(介詞)Wehadvisitedthatplacebeforeyoucame.(連詞)

agreewith,agreeto,agreethat,beagreedA.agreewith:“同意…的意見”(后接某人),“符合”、“適合”。Icannotagreewithyouonthatpoint.Toomuchmeatdoesnotagreewithme.B.agreeto:“同意”(后接某事),也可用to+動(dòng)詞原形，構(gòu)成不定式。Heagreedtothisplanimmediately,Heagreedtogetsomeonetohelpus.C.agreethat:“同意”,“一致認(rèn)為“(后接賓語從句)、We'veagreedthatit'sunjust.FinallyheagreedthatImightgohome.D.beagreed:“商定”,“意見達(dá)成一致”。Bothgovernmentswereagreedonthenecessityofin-creasingtrade.兩國政府同意有必要擴(kuò)大貿(mào)易。

alone,lonelyA.alone:adj.“獨(dú)自的”,作表語,不作定語。adv、“獨(dú)自”、“僅僅”、“單獨(dú)”。Heisnowalone.他現(xiàn)在獨(dú)自一人。Shealonecandoit.這只有她才做得了。Theyliveonbreadalone.他們僅僅靠面包生活。Letmealone.別打攪我。B.lonely:adj.孤寂的,寂寞的,荒涼的。用作定語、表語。Ashelivedalone,hefeltlonely,由于他獨(dú)居,便覺得寂寞。Heisalonelytraveller.Thatisalonelyplace.

theother,another,other,others,theothersA.theother:兩個(gè)人或兩件東西的另一個(gè)。Shehastwosons.Oneisnowateacher;theotheradoe-tor.B.another:是兩個(gè)以上的人或東西的另一個(gè)?！皠e的”pron.radj.Thisglassisbroken.Getmeanother.Thiscapistoobig,pleaseshowmeanother.

C.other:adj.“別的”、“其他的”Wearestudyingpolitics,Chinese,English,mathematicsandothersubjects.D.others:pron.泛指“其他人”或“別的東西”。Dogoodtoothers.要為他人做好事。Somesaythis,otherssaythat.有的說這,有的說那。E.theothers:特指某范圍中的其余人或物。Ilikethisbookanddon'tliketheothers.Inthisclass,threepupilsarefifteenyearsold,theothers(therest)fourteen.

answer,replyA.answer:vt.;vi.“回答”(常用詞)。后接for為“對(duì).負(fù)責(zé)”,后接to為“符合”、“適合”。Iansweredhisletterpromptly.我立即回了他的信。Youmustanswerforhissafety.你要對(duì)他的安全負(fù)責(zé)。Thatanswerspreciselytoourneed.那正合我們需要。B.reply:vt.“回答”(正式用語),后接賓語從句或引語。vi.后接tosb.或sth。Herepliedthathewouldnotdothat.“Justamoment!"hereplied.Youwon'thavetoreplytothisletter.Shehasn'trepliedtomeyet.bemadeof,bemadefrom,

bemadeupof,bemadeoutof

A.bemadeof:“是用…做的”,制成物能透露其原料本色。Thisbridgeismadeofstones.B.bemadefrom:“是用…制的”,制成物已改變?cè)媳旧捅举|(zhì)。Wineismadefromgrapes.葡萄酒是葡萄釀制的。Bricksaremadefromclay.磚是粘土制成的。C.bemadeupof:“是由…構(gòu)成或組成的,可指物或指人。Allbodiesaremadeupofatoms.一切物體都是由原子構(gòu)成的。Thatisamobilemedicalteamwhichismadeupoftendoctors.那是一支由十位醫(yī)生組成的巡回醫(yī)療隊(duì)。D.bemadeoutof:“是用…制出”,含義和前面A、B兩種用法不易分清,常用于指物。Atpresent,manythingsaremadeoutofplastics.目前，許多東西是塑料做的。betiredof,betiredfrom(with)betiredout,tireofA.betiredof:“對(duì)…厭煩或厭倦”Wearetiredofhearingtheoldstory.Iamtiredofhim.B.betiredfrom(=betiredwith):“因…感到疲倦”Iwastiredfromhavingsatupallnight.我因通宵未睡而疲倦。Hewastiredwithrunningabout.他疲于奔波。C.betiredout:“被累壞”、“精疲力竭”Shewastiredoutbyherjourney.這次旅行把她累垮了。Thelongwalktiredoutthechild.長途跋涉把那孩子累壞了。D.tireofsth=betiredofsthYouwillsoontireofsuchhardwork.這樣辛苦的工作，你很快就會(huì)厭倦。Inevertireoflisteningtoclassicalmusic.我對(duì)于古典音樂百聽不厭。beusedto,usedto,wouldA.beusedto(=beaccustomedto):“習(xí)慣于”,后接名詞或動(dòng)名詞?？捎糜诟鞣N時(shí)態(tài),used是形容詞。Heisusedtohardwork.Ihavebeenusedtolivinginthecountryside.B.usedto:“過去常常(而現(xiàn)在不了)”,used是動(dòng)詞過去式?！皍sedto+原形動(dòng)詞”,只用于過去時(shí)。Theyusedtogrowvegetables.Heusedtobeverylazy.△usedto:也可以算作情態(tài)動(dòng)詞,其疑問式和否定式各有兩種:Usedhetobeverylazy?=Didheusetobeverylazy?Heusednottobeverylazy.=Hedidn'tusetobeverylazy.C.would:“往往,后接原形動(dòng)詞,表示習(xí)慣性動(dòng)作，即在某種情況下,“就會(huì)…”。Insuchcases,Johnwouldsitforhourswithoutsayingaword.SometimesIwouldcomehomelate.beat,hit,strikeAbeat:vt..vi.“(連續(xù)地)打”、“擊股”、“(心)跳動(dòng)”Thebanditsbeathimwithironbars,便徒們用快打Therainwasbeatingonthewindows.Theybeatusinthematch.這次比賽,我們散了。Herheartisbeatingfast.B.hit:vt.,vi."打”“擊中”、“想出”(后接on)Hehittherascalonthehead.他朝那壞蛋的頭上擊了一拳。Theballhithimintheeye.Whohitonthisgoodidea?誰想出這個(gè)好主意?C.strike:vt.,vi.“打”、“撞”、“打擊”Bellsdon'tringtillyoustrikethem.Theystrucktheenemyintherear,他們從后面打擊敵人。Thespeechstruckdeepintothemindsofpeople.那講話深觸人們靈魂。

believe,believein,trust,trustinA.believe:vt.,vi.“信”、“相信”、“信以為真”Ibelievewhathesays.Icannotquitebelievehim.Webelievehim(tobe)honest.Peopleusedtobelievethattheworldwasflat.過去人們總相信地球是個(gè)平面。B.believein:“信任”、“信奉”TheybelieveinGod.他們信奉上帝。Doyoubelieveinher?你信任她?Ibelieveinthismethod,我相信這個(gè)方法好。Ctrust以"信任”、信托”“相信”(后接to)、“熱切希望氣后接從句）Heisnotamantobetrusted.他不是一個(gè)可靠的人。Hetrusrshiscasetoalawyer,(=Hetrustsalawyerwi