考點3　定語從句課件2025年中考英語語法專題探究（廣西）

考點精講試題精練考點3定語從句考點精講在復(fù)合句中修飾某一名詞或代詞的句子稱為定語從句。被定語從句修飾的名詞或代詞叫作先行詞，引導(dǎo)定語從句的詞叫作關(guān)系詞。定語從句的關(guān)系詞主要分為關(guān)系代詞(that,which,who,whom,whose等)和關(guān)系副詞(when,where,why等)。課標(biāo)要求能辨認(rèn)出由關(guān)系代詞that,which,who引導(dǎo)的限定性定語從句，并能理解句意。1.關(guān)系代詞的基本用法關(guān)系代詞指代/修飾對象在從句中所作成分例子that指人或物主語或賓語Doyouknowthegirlthatoftencomeshere?你認(rèn)識經(jīng)常來這里的那個女孩嗎？(指人thegirl，作主語)關(guān)系代詞指代/修飾對象在從句中所作成分例子which指物主語或賓語Mybrotherlikesthebookswhich/thatwerewrittenbyMarkTwain.我弟弟喜歡馬克·吐溫寫的書。(指物thebooks，作主語)It’sanicegift(which/that)youboughtforme.你給我買的禮物很好。(指物gift，作bought的賓語)關(guān)系代詞指代/修飾對象在從句中所作成分例子who指人主語或賓語Thepeople(who/that)calledyesterdaywanttobuythehouse.昨天打電話來的人想買這座房子。(指人thepeople，作主語)關(guān)系代詞指代/修飾對象在從句中所作成分例子whom指人賓語Heistheman(whom/who/that)Iadmireverymuch.他是我非常欽佩的人。(指人theman，作admire的賓語)whose修飾人或物定語Thisismyroomwhosedoorisred.這個房間是我的，它的門是紅色的。(修飾物myroom，作door的定語)【注意】關(guān)系代詞在定語從句中作賓語時常常可以省略。2.關(guān)系代詞的特殊情況

用法情況例子只用that并列的兩個先行詞分別表示人和物時Shetookphotosofthepeopleandthingsthatshewasinterestedin.她為她感興趣的人和物拍了照。先行詞(指物)是something,anything,nothing,everything,all,little,few,much,none等不定代詞時Ididnotdoanythingthatmighthurtyou.我沒有做過任何可能會傷害你的事情。Thereismuchthatwedon’tknow.還有很多事情是我們不知道的。用法情況例子只用that先行詞指物且被theonly,thevery,theone,thelast等修飾時Thisistheonlythingthatyoucandonow.這是現(xiàn)在你唯一能做的事情。先行詞被序數(shù)詞或形容詞最高級修飾時IthinkDaliisthemostbeautifulcitythatIhaveeverbeento.我認(rèn)為大理是我去過的最漂亮的城市。用法情況例子只用which在由“介詞＋關(guān)系代詞(不可省略)”引導(dǎo)的定語從句中，先行詞指物且關(guān)系代詞作賓語時ThisisthecarforwhichMissLiupaidahighprice.這是劉女士花大價錢買的車。先行詞是that,those且指物時Hediscoveredthatwhichnooneelsehadnoticed.他發(fā)現(xiàn)了其他人都沒有注意到的事情。用法情況例子只用who先行詞(指人)是one,ones,someone,anyone,everyone等不定代詞時—Doyouknowtheboyoverthere?你認(rèn)識那邊那個男孩兒嗎？—Theonewhoisholdingaball?Oh,that’smyneighborPhil.那個拿著球的男孩？哦，他是我的鄰居，菲爾。主句是therebe句型且先行詞指人時Thereisastudentoutsidewhowantstoseeyou.外面有個學(xué)生想見你。用法情況例子只用whom在由“介詞＋關(guān)系代詞(不可省略)”引導(dǎo)的定語從句中，先行詞指人且關(guān)系代詞作賓語時ThepersonwithwhomyoujusttalkedisMichael.剛剛和你談話的人是邁克爾。試題精練單項選擇?？键c1.(2024臨夏州改編)Atruefriendisaperson________canhelpyouwhenyouareintrouble.A．who B．whom

C．which2.(2024牡丹江改編)Thedanceisaneye-catchingdanceperformance________isquitepopularthesedays.A．who B．which

C．whose3.(2024樂山改編)—I’llneverforgettheexperiences________wehadinthevolunteerworklastsummer.—Metoo.The3-dayvolunteerworkwasmeaningfulandfulloffun.A．when B．who

C．that4.(2024遂寧改編)—Whatkindofmoviesdoyoulikebest?—Ilikethemovies________makemefeelhappyandrelaxed.A．who B．which

C．where5.Don’ttalkaboutyourpersonalinformationwithpeople________youdon’tknow.A．whose B．whom

C．which6.(2024綏化)—Ifeelsonervous.WhatshouldIdo?—You’dbetterlistentomusicthat________．A．helpsyourelaxB．youcandanceC．makesyousad易錯點7.Beingblindissomething________mostpeoplecan’tima