2025年中考英語語法 之 定語從句

初中英語語法之定語從句定義定語：用來修飾名詞、代詞的詞或短語beautifulgirl形容詞threestudents數(shù)詞womanteacher名詞nothingtoworryabout不定式短語定語從句：在復合句中，修飾名詞或代詞的句子句子結構：先行詞+關系詞+從句定語從句Ilikethemusic[thatIcandanceto].我喜歡我能隨之而舞的音樂。先行詞關系詞先行詞：定語從句修飾的名詞或者代詞（在定語從句之前）關系詞：連接主句和從句的詞（緊跟先行詞）關系詞的作用：連接從句，充當定語從句成分，代替先行詞定語從句的分類定語從句的分類限定性定語從句：無逗號，從句是主句不可缺少的部分。Mysister[whois26]isanurse.我26歲的姐姐是一名護士。非限定性定語從句：有逗號，主句完整，從句是補充說明。Mysisterisanurse，[whois26].我的姐姐是一名護士，26歲。關系詞關系代詞關系代詞關系形容詞thatwhichwhowhomwhose指代人/物物人人成分主/賓主/賓主/賓賓定意思...的使用從句缺少主語或賓語時句子完整后有名詞1、充當主語/賓語2、當定語whose“的”人物thatwhichwhothatwhichwhowhom做題步驟：ABC①找A先行詞②選B關系詞③減C減去同義詞（相同成分）④如果不是，就選關系形容詞或關系副詞小牛試刀選擇合適的關系詞并判斷在句中的成分（主、賓、定、狀）Ihaveanapple_________isgreen.（）Iknowaman__________isadoctor.（）Thisistheplace_______wevisitedlasttime.（）Iknowtheman_________youjusttalkedwith.（）Ilikethegirl______hairareblackandlong.（）Thisistheschool______mymotherworks.（）whenwherewhenwherewhyfor+which介詞+which關系副詞介詞+whichwhenwherewhy指代時間地點原因成分狀狀狀意思使用句子完整時Istillrememberthedaywhenmysisterwasborn.onwhich=onthatday小試牛刀IwillneverforgetthoseyearsIlivedonthefarm.IhavebeentotheplacetheIndianslives.Thisisthereasonhecan’tcometothemeeting.Doyouknowthenearestplacewhichisfamousitsbeautifulnaturalsceneryinourtown.Whendon’tknowtheexacttimetheywillreturn.四、特殊用法（有戴一雙特高靴）先行詞只能用that引導，不用which引導有therebe句型（關系代詞指物）有e.g.TherearesomebooksthatIamfoundof.這有一些我喜歡書。戴戴不定代詞做先行詞（all,anything,everything,nothing,something,little,much等）e.g.ThereisnothingthatIcansayaboutit.我沒什么可說的了。一一當主句是以who，which或what開頭的疑問詞。e.g.Whoisthemanthatiswaitingattheschoolgate?雙雙先行詞即有人又有物e.g.Theytalkedaboutthepeopleandplacesthattheyhadvisited.他們談論他們拜訪過的人和去過和地方。特特先行詞被表示特指唯一的詞修飾，如theonly,thesame,theone等e.g.Theonlythingthatwecandoistoasktheteacherforhelp.我們能做的唯一的一件事情就是向老師尋求幫助。高高先行詞被形容詞最高級修飾e.g.ThisisthemostinterestingmoviesthatIhaveeverwatched.這是我看過的最有趣的電影靴先行詞被序數(shù)詞修飾（first，second，last等修飾）靴e.g.ThisisthefirstletterthatI’vewritteninEnglish.這是我用英語寫的第一封信五、將兩個句子合成有定語從句的復合句。注意:需要先考慮先行詞是人還是物;然后考慮關系代詞在從句中的成分（主語、賓語、定語和狀語）TheboyisTim.Theboyisgoodatsinging.Theboy________________Tom.2、Xiangxiisafamouscity.Thecityisfamousfornaturalsceneryandrichculturalheritage.Xiangxiisafamouscity________________________________________________.3、Ilovereadingthebook.ItsnameisLittleWomen.Ilovereadingthebook________________________4、你記得我們第一次見面的那一天嗎?Doyouremembertheday____________________________?5.這是我沒有參加會議的原因。Thisisthereason____________________________.專項練習一、選擇題1.Theman______istalkingtoourteacherisBetty'sfather.A.whichB.whom C.who D.what2.Ilikethebook______youboughtyesterday.A.whichB.who C.whose D.where3.Itisthethirdtime_________youhavemadethesamemistake.A.whichB.where C.who D.that4.Thegirl______wesawyesterdayisTom'ssister.A.whichB.whose C.who D.what5.Thedoctor______youarelookingforisintheroom.A.whichB.whom C.whose D.where6.Romeisanancientcity________fullofplacesofinterest.A.whereis B.whichis C.whichare D.thatare7.Istillrememberthedays______wespenttogether.A.whichB.when C.where D.whose8.Theman______hairiswhiteismygrandfather.A.whichB.whose C.who D.whom9.Thisistheschool______Istudiedthreeyearsago.A.whichB.whereC.that D.when10.Thereason______hewaslatewasthathegotuplate.A.whichB.whyC.that D.when二、用適當?shù)年P系詞填空1.Theboy______isplayingfootballismyclassmate.2.Thebook______Iboughtyesterdayisveryinteresting.3.Thisisthehouse______LuXunoncelived.4.Thewoman______yousawjustnowismyaunt.5.Doyouknowtheman______istalkingtoourteacher?6.I'llneverforgettheday______Imetyou.7.Theplace______wevisitedlastweekisverybeautiful.8.Thisisthebestfilm______Ihaveeverseen.9.Theman______carwasstolencalledthepolice.10.Shehasafriend______fatherisadoctor.三、翻譯下面句子1.Themagazine___________________________(我昨天買的)isveryinteresting.2.Theboy______________________________（正在吃午飯的)ismybrother.3.Doyouknowtheteacher____________________________(名字是Ms.Zhang)?4.Heisthekindofpeople______________________________(喜歡幫助別人的).5.Iliketomakefriendswithpeople____________________________(喜歡旅游的).四、完成句子1．Ilikemusic.Themusicisloudandexciting.(合并成一個句子)2．Shelovesmovies.Themoviesareromantic.(合并成一個句子)3．Tonylikesmusic.Hecandancetothemusic.(合并成一個句子)4．WeknowLuXun.Hewrotemanyfamousbooks.(合并成一個句子)5．Ilikegroups.Thegroupsareenergetic.(合并成一個句子)五、語法選擇&短文填空（2023·廣東