題型02 完形填空之記敘文（講義）

?第02講完型填空之記敘文【復(fù)習(xí)目標(biāo)】了解完型填空的考點(diǎn)分析和考查內(nèi)容掌握詞匯基本用法掌握答題技巧，明確答題步驟完型填空的解題原則【考情分析】完型填空記敘文型命題規(guī)律中考英語(yǔ)完形填空旨在全面考查考生英語(yǔ)基礎(chǔ)知識(shí)，閱讀理解能力，和綜合運(yùn)用語(yǔ)言的能力。完形填空的命題原則是“以實(shí)詞為主，虛詞為輔，突出詞匯語(yǔ)境化”能夠掌握足夠的詞匯量，正確運(yùn)用詞類和詞語(yǔ)的正確搭配。具有一定的語(yǔ)言運(yùn)用能力，綜合分析能力和詞匯辨析能力、閱讀理解能力、邏輯推理和判斷能力，歸納能力。以語(yǔ)篇為載體,測(cè)試語(yǔ)言知識(shí)和語(yǔ)言能力?！久麕熃怆y】選材內(nèi)容源于真實(shí)生活，以人物思想和行為為中心，體現(xiàn)理性思維，人文情懷、參與社會(huì)的人文素養(yǎng)等正能量。；以時(shí)間或空間的變化為線索，按事件的發(fā)生、發(fā)展和結(jié)束來(lái)展開敘述；時(shí)態(tài)上多以一般過(guò)去時(shí)為主，其他時(shí)態(tài)為輔；考查內(nèi)容：1.試題以名詞，動(dòng)詞，形容詞和副詞等信息詞匯為考查重點(diǎn)，淡化對(duì)介詞，連詞，冠詞等結(jié)構(gòu)的考察，測(cè)試學(xué)生在具體情境中靈活運(yùn)用所學(xué)知識(shí)的能力。實(shí)詞中偏重于對(duì)動(dòng)詞和名詞的考查，同時(shí)對(duì)形容詞、副詞以及其他詞類的考查。試題以情境意義選擇為主，純語(yǔ)法性選擇近年已趨近于零。2.降低對(duì)單詞考查的要求，突出對(duì)文章整體內(nèi)容理解能力的考查以及同義詞與近義詞的比較分辨。需要具備的學(xué)習(xí)素質(zhì)和能力：詞匯，語(yǔ)法，長(zhǎng)難句分析。完型填空的能力目標(biāo)要求：1.牢固、扎實(shí)、熟練的英語(yǔ)語(yǔ)法知識(shí)和豐富的英語(yǔ)詞匯知識(shí)。2.英語(yǔ)閱讀理解能力,良好的閱讀習(xí)慣，熟練的閱讀技巧。3.分析認(rèn)識(shí)文章結(jié)構(gòu)，理解領(lǐng)會(huì)文章各部分、各層次之間邏輯關(guān)系的能力。4.邏輯思維能力。特別是總結(jié)概括、推理判斷和分析歸納的能力。包括情景推理判斷、常識(shí)推理判斷、逆向推理判斷及比較推理判斷等。5.完型填空的能力目標(biāo)要求牢固、扎實(shí)、熟練的英語(yǔ)語(yǔ)法知識(shí)和豐富的英語(yǔ)詞匯知識(shí)。6.扎實(shí)的英語(yǔ)詞匯、短語(yǔ)、慣用法等英語(yǔ)固定搭配的知識(shí)。特別是英語(yǔ)詞匯意義和用法的辨析能力。在閱讀中捕捉記憶相關(guān)信息的能力。一完型填空的考點(diǎn)分析和考查內(nèi)容夯基·必備基礎(chǔ)知識(shí)梳理考點(diǎn)：以實(shí)詞為主，側(cè)重對(duì)動(dòng)詞（短語(yǔ)）、名詞和形容詞的考查。重點(diǎn)在上下文語(yǔ)境理解上，詞匯運(yùn)用次之。每小題給出的單詞多為同一類詞。所設(shè)的選項(xiàng)更具有干擾性，更加強(qiáng)調(diào)對(duì)語(yǔ)境的考查。核心考點(diǎn)：邏輯推理，把考查的重點(diǎn)放在理解全文、通篇考慮、掌握大意、注重關(guān)聯(lián)等方面。題型和考查角度：1.句內(nèi)層次題：解題信息分布在本句內(nèi)部，瞻前顧后，左顧右盼，邊讀邊填。2.句組層次題：解題信息分布在設(shè)空處前后的一組句子中，瞻前顧后尋找暗示。3.語(yǔ)篇層次題：解題信息分布在語(yǔ)篇的某一處甚至全篇，需要綜合推斷。解題策略：1.速度全文知主旨：根據(jù)首句給出的提示，快速通讀全文，借助文中的關(guān)鍵詞，簡(jiǎn)要了解文章大意，，理清脈絡(luò)，把握中心。寫作要素都緊緊圍繞這一中心進(jìn)行。抓住中心主旨大意有助于明確做題方向，提高針對(duì)性。2.先易后難加連貫：記敘文的最終目的是借助敘事來(lái)闡明一個(gè)道理，給人以啟迪或教益。因此，在閱讀時(shí)根據(jù)題型特點(diǎn)解答出較容易的題后，應(yīng)當(dāng)結(jié)合上下文，分析具體情節(jié)，認(rèn)真體會(huì)文字背后的東西，才能洞悉作者的態(tài)度和觀點(diǎn)，推斷出更難一些的態(tài)度判斷題。3.復(fù)讀全文驗(yàn)答案：填空全部完成后，將選項(xiàng)代入原文，通讀一遍，看讀文是否流暢、語(yǔ)意是否連貫，對(duì)感到很不通順的地方，可以從語(yǔ)法、詞文、習(xí)慣用法、固定搭配、背景知識(shí)等方面進(jìn)一步驗(yàn)證和確定答案。二完型填空的解題技巧完形填空的解題技能要求較高，考試應(yīng)當(dāng)具有較強(qiáng)的聚合思維并保持注意力高度集中。在具體的解題中，還需掌握以下解題方法：一、鎖定首句，整體預(yù)判。完形填空的首句一般不設(shè)空。首句往往開宗明義，是文章的主題。通過(guò)首句往往能確定文章的體裁、背景、寫作意圖或中心思想。從2023年河南中考英語(yǔ)完形填空的首句“Itwasarainy,windyOctoberafternoon.Garthstoodoutsidehishousewithawidesmile.”可知，本文是一篇講述與主人公Garth相關(guān)的故事的記敘文。二、利用復(fù)現(xiàn)，尋找答案。在完形填空中，同一個(gè)單詞在上下文中重復(fù)出現(xiàn)的情況很常見，我們把這種情況稱為詞匯復(fù)現(xiàn)。詞匯復(fù)現(xiàn)包括原詞復(fù)現(xiàn)，同義復(fù)現(xiàn)，反義復(fù)現(xiàn)，代詞復(fù)現(xiàn)等。復(fù)現(xiàn)詞匯的語(yǔ)用意義使得語(yǔ)篇中的句子相互銜接和連貫，從而構(gòu)成一個(gè)完整而又有機(jī)的整體。因此要學(xué)會(huì)充分利用這些詞匯提供的有效信息進(jìn)行合理推斷，選出正確答案。例如：（2023?河南）“MaybeToddwas46…inreality,whowouldeverneedhisinvention？”Heloweredhisheadandthoughttohimself.Suddenlyhe47andsawaladylookingathim.“Iwasjustleavingmyhouse48Isawyouandthoseboys.Areyouokay？”47.A．cameup B．gaveup C．lookedup D．showedup由空前的“l(fā)oweredhishead”和后面的“sawalady”可知，47題說(shuō)的是他抬起頭看見一位女士。故選C。此題運(yùn)用了反義復(fù)現(xiàn)。三、結(jié)合語(yǔ)境，進(jìn)行推斷。完形填空必須通篇理解，從整體角度考慮，結(jié)合上下文語(yǔ)境才能判斷出最佳答案。上下文信息可以出現(xiàn)在同一句、前后句、前后段中，或者出現(xiàn)在文章的開頭或結(jié)尾部分，因此答題時(shí)要聯(lián)系上下文，結(jié)合首尾，進(jìn)行句內(nèi)推斷或句間推斷。四、分析邏輯，判斷答案。完形填空中的題目側(cè)重考查學(xué)生對(duì)文章前后邏輯關(guān)系的精準(zhǔn)判斷。解答此類題目時(shí)要關(guān)注連詞的功能，關(guān)注詞匯的多義性，從具體語(yǔ)境入手，順著文章的思路，依據(jù)給出的上下文信息進(jìn)行分析。邏輯關(guān)系包括并列、原因、結(jié)果、讓步、轉(zhuǎn)折、時(shí)間順序、目的、條件、選擇等，依靠不同的連詞來(lái)表達(dá)，如and，but，so，however，since，because，firstofall，then，finally，forexample，or等，它們?cè)谖恼轮衅鹬捌录~帶”的作用，可以作為做完形填空題的路標(biāo)。五、夯實(shí)詞匯，辨析詞義。完形填空題對(duì)詞匯知識(shí)的考查，主要體現(xiàn)在固定搭配和同義詞、近義詞的辨析兩方面。要做好這類題，需要有較大的詞匯量和較好的詞語(yǔ)搭配能力、詞語(yǔ)辨析能力，特別是在特定的語(yǔ)境中能靈活運(yùn)用詞匯的能力。完形填空的四個(gè)選項(xiàng)形式完全相同，如都是動(dòng)詞原形、名詞復(fù)數(shù)形式等。所以要注意他們?cè)谝饬x和搭配上的細(xì)微差別，形義兼顧。同時(shí)，要把這些選項(xiàng)放到特定的語(yǔ)境里進(jìn)行區(qū)分，從而選出正確答案。例如：（2023?河南）…fortestinghisnewinvention—UmbrellaHat.Hecouldhardlywaittoseewhetheritcouldkeeptherainoff.Hecarefully______thehatonhisheadandstartedwalking…A.raised B．placed C．dropped D．repaired【解析】考查動(dòng)詞。由空后的“thehatonhishead”可知，他把雨傘帽戴到頭上了。raise“舉起；飼養(yǎng)”；place“放置”；drop“掉落”；repair“修理，修補(bǔ)”。故選B。六、依據(jù)常識(shí)，確定答案。完形填空的文章內(nèi)容往往與文化生活、史地知識(shí)、生活科技等相關(guān)，有些內(nèi)容是我們已經(jīng)掌握的生活常識(shí)。知識(shí)范圍越廣，越有利于文章的理解。因而答題時(shí)要充分調(diào)動(dòng)相關(guān)知識(shí)幫助我們分析、推斷，最終確定答案。（2023?河南）“Iwilldisplay（展示）threebestinventionsinmyshop.I'msureyouwillhavea（n）______ofwinningaprize.”54．A.choice B．chance C．excuse D．experience【解析】考查名詞。由“winningaprize”和常識(shí)可知，得獎(jiǎng)是需要機(jī)會(huì)的。故選B。三完型填空的解題步驟和原則完形填空的解題思路：1.通讀全文，掌握大意把握短文內(nèi)容閱讀文章首尾段和第一句把握文章的主題。因?yàn)橐话闶锥蔚谝痪涫侵髦季?。要通讀完形填空的短文，跳過(guò)空格快速閱讀，了解全篇的主要內(nèi)容。2.弄清短文體裁仔細(xì)推敲,初定答案文章體裁通常分為四種:論述文、記敘文、說(shuō)明文和應(yīng)用文。中考選文以記敘文文章為主。根據(jù)短文的內(nèi)容和要求，結(jié)合短文的主題思想,對(duì)空缺句子作合乎邏輯的推理。每一個(gè)空白的四個(gè)選項(xiàng)進(jìn)行認(rèn)真分析,反復(fù)推敲，符合文章內(nèi)容對(duì)空缺句子作合乎邏輯的推理。弄清空缺詞句的確切含義，空缺詞句與其前后句的意義銜接必須自然、合理，不可出現(xiàn)意義斷層或說(shuō)東道西的情況，從空缺句的內(nèi)部結(jié)構(gòu)入手，從語(yǔ)法、詞語(yǔ)固定搭配、詞形變化等角度考慮。3.再次通讀全文,鎖定最佳答案檢查是確信自己所選擇的答案準(zhǔn)確性的一次檢閱。實(shí)際上是對(duì)短文和答案的又一次快速瀏覽。本次閱讀的目的是調(diào)整、修改和完善自己做題的過(guò)程。因?yàn)樵谠瓉?lái)緊張的答題過(guò)程中,會(huì)有一些我們無(wú)法確定的選項(xiàng)。或者粗心造成的錯(cuò)誤,在這次重新閱讀中被發(fā)現(xiàn)、被修改。最后一次閱讀全文也是檢查所選擇的答案是否能夠保證短文的意思完整、語(yǔ)義合理、語(yǔ)法正確的關(guān)鍵步驟。4.反復(fù)推敲，攻克難關(guān)（難點(diǎn)）如果做不出來(lái)的話，可能要改變一下思路。如實(shí)詞（名詞、代詞、形容詞、副詞、動(dòng)詞和_數(shù)詞）多與文章的內(nèi)容直接相關(guān)，虛詞（介詞，連詞，冠詞和感嘆詞）多與文章的連貫性或句子結(jié)構(gòu)直接相關(guān)，如果從內(nèi)容上實(shí)在看不出要填哪個(gè)單詞的話，應(yīng)考慮是否需要填介詞、連詞等。5.驗(yàn)證答案，修正錯(cuò)誤做完后再通讀一遍全文，從整體把握文章的意思，修正與全文不相稱的選項(xiàng)。著重注意這一點(diǎn)：1）文章是否順暢；2）所填單詞是否是最佳選項(xiàng)；3）所填單詞是否有拼寫錯(cuò)誤。做完形填空應(yīng)該解題原則：（1）總體把握通讀完形填空的短文時(shí),跳過(guò)空格快速閱讀，了解全篇的主要內(nèi)容。選擇答案時(shí)要從全文主旨大意和短文情景出發(fā),不能只根據(jù)某一句子來(lái)選擇,因?yàn)橛袝r(shí)如果不考慮上下文時(shí),四個(gè)選項(xiàng)有時(shí)都可以填入空中。例如：The14-year-oldgirlsaysthatsheknows______aboutcooking.A.many B.much C.little只有根據(jù)上文敘述,才知道這個(gè)女孩對(duì)于做飯了解很少,正確答案是C。如果沒有上文推斷,只從備選項(xiàng)看,B和C在語(yǔ)法上都可以說(shuō)的通。（2）弄清體裁中考選文以敘事性文章為主，如:幽默故事、科普知識(shí)、童話、簡(jiǎn)短新聞、名人軼事、社會(huì)熱點(diǎn)問(wèn)題等。讀這類文章,要大體了解故事所涉及的時(shí)間、地點(diǎn)、人物、事件及前因后果。不同的體裁可能使用不同的語(yǔ)氣和說(shuō)法,也就需要選用不同的選項(xiàng)了。（3）重視主題句完形填空所用的短文一般不給標(biāo)題,但短文的主題句,往往在每段文章的首句,有時(shí)也出現(xiàn)在文章的中間或結(jié)束處。主題句提供全篇的性質(zhì)、大意等,這是深入了解全文的“窗口”,甚至能以主題句為立足點(diǎn),從該句的時(shí)態(tài)、語(yǔ)氣推測(cè)全文的主要內(nèi)容。（4）語(yǔ)境聯(lián)想利用上下文的提示,用學(xué)過(guò)的知識(shí)和已有的生活經(jīng)驗(yàn),掃清部分詞匯理解上的障礙。聯(lián)想并推測(cè)故事所發(fā)生的情景和人物在那種情景下的心態(tài)和感覺,這樣才能更好的把握全局,選對(duì)答案,從而避免理解錯(cuò)誤而大量出錯(cuò)。（5）擇優(yōu)法和排除法擇優(yōu)法是把各選項(xiàng)代入短文中,選出在詞義上符合要求,且在語(yǔ)法上又沒有語(yǔ)病的答案。排除法是在代入選項(xiàng)時(shí)如發(fā)現(xiàn)選項(xiàng)單詞意義不對(duì),或詞與詞搭配不妥，或存在語(yǔ)法錯(cuò)誤,或與上下文有矛盾,則迅速排除不合適的選項(xiàng),剩下的就是正確答案。（6）語(yǔ)言知識(shí)的判定1）詞語(yǔ)搭配:從語(yǔ)法角度來(lái)說(shuō),句子不是詞的序列,而是詞組的序列。所以要注意區(qū)別外形相近而意義不同的搭配。如:lookfor,lookover,lookout,lookafter,lookup等。區(qū)別形不相似而意義相近的搭配。如:Ipaid12poundsforthedictionary.Thebookcostmealot.Ispent10ucnonthebox。題型歸納（一）閱讀下面短文，掌握其大意，然后從各題所給的四個(gè)選項(xiàng)中選出一個(gè)最佳答案。ItwasNewYear’sEve.Acoupleweredecoratingtheirroomwhenthemansaidtohiswife,“I’mgladthisyearfinishesinafew___1___.Whataterribleyearwe’vehad!”Hiswifeaskedhim,“Why?Idon’tunderstand!”Themanwasvery___2___andreplied,“Youdon’tunderstand?Thinkaboutwhathashappenedthisyear.Firstofall,Ihada（n）___3___toremovemykidney（腎臟）.Remember?Lastmonth,Iturned___4___andIwastoldtomakeroomforsomeoneyounger.Huh!WhatamIgoingtodonow?Andyousurelyhaven’tforgottenthe___5___,whichmadeoursonstayinhospitalforthreeweeks,haveyou?Andthatmeanhe___6___takehisexamstogetintomedicalschool.Andwehadtobuyanewcar.___7___year!I’msogladit’sover.”Hiswifedidn’tsaymuch.She___8___theroom.Afewminuteslater,shecamebackinandsaid,“OK,Iheardwhatyousaid,butthisis___9___Iseethings.Yourkidneyhadbeen___10___youforyearsandyouwon’thavethatpaineveragain.Nowthatyoudon’thavetogotowork,youcanspendmoretimeinthe__11____,takingbettercareofyourflowers.Andthatisthe__12____you’vealwayswanted.Althoughthecarwasdestroyed,oursonstayed___13___.He’lldoevenbetterinhisexamsnextyearsincehe’sgotmoretimeto__14____.SoIthinkit’sagoodyear,andthenewonewillstartinafewhours.I’msureit’llbeanothergoodyear.”Wecan’tcontrolthethingsthathappentous,butwecan__15____howwelookatthem.Whateverhappens,youcanbeoptimisticornot—it’suptoyou.1．A．months B．weeks C．days D．hours2．A．interested B．stressed C．surprised D．touched3．A．a(chǎn)bility B．right C．chance D．operation4．A．leave B．change C．continue D．start5．A．car B．exam C．a(chǎn)ccident D．medicine6．A．couldn’t B．shouldn’t C．mustn’t D．needn’t7．A．Wonderful B．Terrible C．Strange D．Common8．A．wentbackinto B．lookedbackinto C．lookedoutof D．wentoutof9．A．how B．why C．when D．where10．A．protecting B．satisfying C．worrying D．relaxing11．A．garden B．kitchen C．hospital D．school12．A．work B．life C．trip D．gift13．A．calm B．silent C．a(chǎn)live D．a(chǎn)lone14．A．play B．study C．sleep D．exercise15．A．copy B．control C．explain D．express（二）閱讀下面的材料，從每題所給的A、B、C、D四個(gè)選項(xiàng)中選出可以填入空白處的最佳選項(xiàng)。Inoticedadadandhissonatthepark.Hissonwasn’tabletocommunicate,butheseemed__16____sitinginthesand.Thedadexplainedtomethathissoncouldonlymakesomesounds.Theboyhadbeeninspeechtherapy（言語(yǔ)治療）foryears.Aftersomuchtimeintherapy,theboywasabletomakeeyecontact（接觸）forafewsecondsandthefatherwashappybythe___17___!Hetoldmehowexpensivethetherapiesforhissonwereandwhatapleasureitwastoseealloftheyearsofhardwork___18___.Thefatherandsonconnected,andthosefewsecondsofeyecontact___19___everythingtothatdad!Aswetalkedabouttherapy,thedadsharedwithmethathis__20____forhisboywastosomedaybeabletogoforicecreamtogether.Hesaidhisfatherusedtotakehimoutforicecreamandhehopedhecoulddothesamewithhischild.__21____,thesonstoppedputtinghisfingersinthesand,lookedathisfatherandsaid,“Hi.”Secondslatertheboywentbackintohisownworld.Thedadwantedtosaysomething,___22___hecouldn’t.Hisloveforthisboywassogreatthatthewordswouldnotcome.Whatdidcomewere___23___.Thosetearsexpressedhowproudhewasofhisson.Afatherloveshischildmorethanwordsareabletoexpress.Thisevent__24____medeeplyandmademeconsidermyrelationshipwithmyownfather.Ihopethatastheycommunicatefurther,moreandmorememorieswillbecreatedforthemto__25____,Ibelievethefeelingsheldbyallfathers—theirhardwork,theirlove,theirpride,andtheirtearsoflove—areallthesame.16．A．pleased B．a(chǎn)ngry C．sad D．sorry17．A．words B．a(chǎn)chievement C．suggestions D．promise18．A．gooff B．showup C．payoff D．stayup19．A．took B．meant C．won D．found20．A．goal B．a(chǎn)dvice C．task D．order21．A．Unluckily B．Strangely C．Suddenly D．Carefully22．A．so B．while C．or D．but23．A．tears B．dreams C．memories D．sounds24．A．punished B．touched C．reminded D．harmed25．A．forget B．imagine C．notice D．share（三）Oneday,acrow（烏鴉）sawaswan（天鵝）onthebeach.Thecrowlaughedathimandsaid,“Canyou___26___asfastasIdo?DoyouhaveasmanyflyingskillsasIdo?__27___stupidyouare!”Hearingthis,theswanthoughtthecrowneededtobetaughtalesson.Hehadanidea.Heaskedthecrow.“Doyoudareto___28___withme?Thecompetitionwilltakeplacein____29____stages（階段）.Inthefirststage,youcanshowyourflyingskills,andIwilldothesame.Inthesecondstage,youshouldcopywhatIwilldo.”Thecrowsaidproudly,“It’stooeasy!”Thecompetitionstarted.____30____thecrowshoweddifferentwaysofflying.Buttheswancoulddonothing.Next,thesecondstagebegan.Theswanflewtothe____31____.Thecrowfollowedhim.“Isthisallyoucando?”thecrowasked.Theswanjustflewsilently.Heflewslowly,butdidn’tstop.Afterflyingalongdistance（距離）,thecrowwasso____32____thathecouldhardlyflyandalmostfellintothesea.Seeingthis,theswansaidtothecrow.“Youhaveflyingskills,____33____Ihavegoodendurance（耐力）.Everyonehashisownstrongandweakpoints.Oneshouldneverthinkthatheisperfectwhileothersareallgoodfornothing.”Afterthecrow____34____theswan’swords,his____35____turnedredandhunghishead.Heregrettedhavinglaughedattheswan.26．A．run B．jump C．fly27．A．What B．How C．Whata28．A．compete B．talk C．a(chǎn)rgue29．A．one B．two C．three30．A．Intheend B．Atlast C．Atfirst31．A．road B．mountain C．sea32．A．tired B．strong C．successful33．A．or B．a(chǎn)nd C．but34．A．heard B．watched C．saw35．A．hand B．face C．leg（四）Longlongago,therewasayoungmancalledKarim.He____36____capstomakealivingaroundseveralvillages.Oneday,hewaspassingthroughaforest.Hefelt____37____andwantedtohavearest.Hesawatallmangotreeandputhisbagofcapsbesidehimandsleptunderthetree.Whenhewokeup,he____38____thereweren’tanycapsinhisbag!“Oh,”hesaidtohimself,

“Did____39__stealallmycaps?”Butthenhenoticedthatthemangotreewasfull____40____cutemonkeyswearingcolorfulcaps!Heshoutedatthemonkeysandtheyshoutedback.Hemadefacesat____41____andthenthemonkeysmadefaces,too.He____42____hisowncapangrilyandputitontheground.Thestupidmonkeysthrewtheircaps,too!Karimdidn’twasteasecond,collectedthecapsandwasonhisway.Fiftyyearslater,youngAbdul,grandsonofKarim,whoalsosoldcaps,wasgoingthroughthesame____43____.Thesamethinghappenedtohim——themonkeystookallofhiscapswhenhewasasleepunderthetree.Abduldidn’tknow____44___heshoulddo,andsuddenlyherememberedthestoryhisgrandfathertoldhim.ThenAbdulwavedatthemonkeys,danced...___45____,hethrewhiscapontheground.Justthen,onemonkey,walkeduptoAbdul,laughedandsaid,“Doyouthinkonlyyouhaveagrandfather?”36．A．bought B．washed C．borrowed D．sold37．A．tired B．busy C．happy D．thirsty38．A．a(chǎn)sked B．thought C．found D．heard39．A．somebody B．everybody C．nobody D．a(chǎn)nybody40．A．with B．of C．a(chǎn)t D．in41．A．him B．her C．them D．it42．A．tookoff B．tookaway C．tookup D．tookout43．A．sand B．forest C．pool D．river44．A．where B．when C．who D．what45．A．Atleast B．Infact C．Atlast D．Inshort真題感悟（2023·遼寧營(yíng)口·中考真題）WhenIwasinmiddleschool,Iwasbullied（欺負(fù)）alot.Therewasoneboy,let’scallhimC,whowasthemainperson____61____.Everyday,formanyyears,hewouldsaymeanthingstomeand____62____mewithhiswords.Itwas____63____timeinmylife,andIfeltliketherewasnowayofrunningawayfromit.Yearspassed,andIleft____64___.IhadnoideawhathappenedtoC,andIdidn’t____65___.Ijustwantedtomoveonwithmylifeandforgetaboutwhathappened.Oneday,whenIwastwenty-sixyearsold,Iwaswalkingtothesupermarket.Suddenly,IsawC．Icouldn’tbelieveit.He____66____atme,tryingtofindoutwhoIwas.Then,heaskedmeifIwaswhohethoughtIwas.ItoldhimthatIwas____67____whohethoughtIwas.Tomysurprise,C____68____.ItwasthemosthonestandheartfeltapologyIhadeverheard.Hedidn’thavetosayanything.Hecouldhavejustbehavedinawaythathedidn’t____69____meandwalkedaway.Buthestoppedmeandapologized.Icouldhearthe____70____inhisvoiceforwhathehaddonetomeinthepast.Atthatmoment,I____71____himrightaway.Allthehatred（憎恨）and____72____Ihadcarriedforyearswasgoneina____73____._Iwasacompletely____74____andlife-changingmomentforme.Thatexperiencegavemea____75____inthegoodnessofpeopleandmadetherestofmydaytrulyamazing.61．A．responsible B．magical C．impossible D．valuable62．A．comfort B．satisfy C．praise D．scare63．A．happy B．pleasant C．difficult D．moving64．A．home B．school C．work D．supermarket65．A．help B．relax C．care D．calm66．A．looked B．shouted C．laughed D．knocked67．A．nearly B．a(chǎn)lmost C．exactly D．simply68．A．a(chǎn)pologized B．cried C．forgot D．communicated69．A．influence B．notice C．bully D．hate70．A．loneliness B．joy C．meaning D．shame71．A．left B．excused C．remembered D．punished72．A．luck B．regret C．happiness D．a(chǎn)nger73．A．year B．month C．second D．hour74．A．unclear B．unfriendly C．uncertain D．unexpected75．A．lesson B．hope C．gift D．love（2023·廣西·統(tǒng)考中考真題）閱讀下面語(yǔ)篇，從各小題所給的A、B、C三個(gè)選項(xiàng)中，選出最佳選項(xiàng)。Lisaworksinthedininghallofaprimaryschool.Herjobistoservebreakfastandlunchtoteachersand____76____.BecauseLisahasahearingproblem,thestudentsweren’tableto___77____withhereffectively（有效地）.Theyjustpointedtothe____78____theywanted.Thisyear,however,thingshavechangedalot.ItallstartedwithBetty,anewteacherattheschool.Bettyhaslearnedsignlanguage（手語(yǔ)）____79____threeyears.Oneday,shestartedaconversationinsignlanguagewithLisainthedininghall.Thestudentstherestoppedeatingand____80____thesignlanguageconversationwithinterest.Thenextday,Bettyasked____81____students,“Wouldyouliketolearnhowto____82____yourhandsto‘talk’toLisa?”Everyoneintheclasssaidyes.Shethenbeganteachingthestudentssome____83____waystosayhelloandhowtoorderfood.Theheadteacheroftheschoolheardaboutthis.____84____hedecidedthatthewholeschoolshouldlearnsomesignlanguage.Now,allthepeopleattheschoolarelearningsignlanguage____85____.AndLisaisfeelingsolovedatwork!76．A．students B．parents C．cooks77．A．work B．check C．communicate78．A．chalk B．food C．money79．A．a(chǎn)fter B．of C．for80．A．watched B．guided C．finished81．A．my B．your C．her82．A．pull B．use C．wash83．A．easy B．noisy C．sweet84．A．Or B．And C．But85．A．early B．a(chǎn)ngrily C．a(chǎn)ctively（2023·湖北孝感·統(tǒng)考中考真題）閱讀下面的短文，從每小題所給的A、B、C、D四個(gè)選項(xiàng)中，選出可填入空白處的最佳選項(xiàng)，使短文意思完整。Martinismyyoungestson.Helikesstayingaloneandheseldomlaughs.Astheboy’smother,Iwas____86____abouthim.Itookhimtoseethe____87____inmanyhospitals,butitdidn’tworkwell.Nothingcouldmakehimhappyexcepttherecyclingtruck（垃圾回收車）passingbymyhouse.Everyafternoon,heracedtothefrontofthehouse,waiting____88____thetruck.Whenwewerelateand____89____thetruck,Martinwouldbeverydisappointed.Oneday,Istoppedthetruckandintroduced____90____.“Nicetomeetyou,too.I’mVince.”Thedrivergreetedmeinahappy____91____.“Yourcomingisthemostexcitingmomentformyson.”Ismiled.Afterknowingourstory,hesaid,“____92____youpleasegivemeyourphonenumber?MaybeIcansendyouamessage____93____Iarrive.”ThenbeganourfriendshipwithVince.Recently,Isaidtohim,“It’smylittleboy’sbirthdaytomorrow.Canyoudo____94____specialforhim?”Thenextday,asIwasstandingbythedrivewaywithMartin,wesawthe____95____truckrunningdownthestreetwithaloudbeep（嘟嘟聲）.Likeasupermaninamovie,Vincestoppedandwalkedtowardsuswithaboxinhishand.“Todayisyourbirthday,Martin,andhere’sagift.”Hehandedtheboxtomyson.Inside,therewasagreenmodeltrucklikehis.Myson,surprised,lookedup____96____andthankedhim.Afterchattingforseveral____97___,hewasabouttoleaveforwork.Itriedtogivehimsome____98____forhishelp.Hekeptshakinghisheadand____99____mymoney,saying,“Todayyou,tomorrowme.”Iwasdeeplymoved（感動(dòng)）bythese____100___words.AndIhavebeenreadytohelpotherswheneverIcan.Youwillneverknowwhenyou’regoingtobetheonethatneedshelp.86．A．a(chǎn)ngry B．glad C．worried D．excited87．A．teachers B．farmers C．workers D．doctors88．A．on B．for C．in D．to89．A．caught B．missed C．changed D．noticed90．A．herself B．himself C．myself D．yourself91．A．voice B．shout C．noise D．sound92．A．Must B．May C．Could D．Should93．A．a(chǎn)fter B．before C．a(chǎn)nd D．or94．A．everything B．a(chǎn)nything C．nothing D．something95．A．red B．green C．yellow D．pink96．A．heavily B．happily C．sadly D．seriously97．A．minutes B．hours C．days D．years98．A．food B．money C．trucks D．gifts99．A．received B．a(chǎn)ccepted C．refused D．prevented100．A．simple B．similar C．long D．difficult（2023·湖北荊州·統(tǒng)考中考真題）閱讀下面短文，從短文后所給各題的A、B、C、D四個(gè)選項(xiàng)中，選出可以填入空白處的最佳選項(xiàng)。In2007,JimandhisfriendDylanmovedintotheirnewapartmenton22ndStreetinManhattan.Theprevioustenant（之前的租戶）toldthemsomething____101____.“EveryyearoverChristmas,manyletterstoSantacomehere,”hesaid.“Nooneknowsthereason.”Forthefirsttwoyears,onlyafewletterscamefromkids____102____Santaforgifts.ButintheweeksbeforeChristmasin2010,JimandDylanwere____103____crazy.Everymorning,theyopenedtheirmailboxand___104____wasfullofletterstoSanta.Theyrepliedtoasmanyastheycould,writingnotesandevenbuyinggifts.Buttheycouldonlydosomuch.Oneevening,JimandDylanhadaChristmaspartyintheirapartment.Theirguests___105____thehundredsoflettersintheroomandaskedaboutthem.Jimtoldthemthe____106____.Manyguestsofferedtohelpwithoutthinkingtwice.

____107____wasbornMiracleon22ndStreet,avolunteerorganization.ThenJim,Dylanandtheirfriendsrepliedtochildren’sletterstoSantawithgifts.Onechildwrotethathisbackhurtbecausehisparentscouldn’tafforda____108____andhehadtosleeponthefloor.____109___agreementfromtheboy’sparents,theyboughthimone.Everyyear,Jim,DylanandMiracleon22ndStreethelphundredsoffamilies.Theynolongerwonder___110____theletterscometotheapartment.IthasbecomepartofChristmasforthemtotrytohelpfamiliesinneed.101．A．normal B．silent C．strange D．clear102．A．telling B．a(chǎn)sking C．paying D．throwing103．A．driven B．shown C．woken D．known104．A．they B．he C．we D．it105．A．stole B．wrote C．noticed D．carried106．A．report B．story C．rule D．excuse107．A．So B．Until C．Nor D．Either108．A．quilt B．table C．car D．bed109．A．To B．About C．Of D．With110．A．what B．why C．when D．who（2023·四川樂(lè)山·統(tǒng)考中考真題）Alongtimeago,agroupofpeoplelivedtogetheronanisland.TheywereLove,Vanity（虛榮）,Sadnessandsoon.Oneday,theislandwouldsink（沉沒）.Allthepeople____111____theirboatsandstartedtoleave.Lovedidn’thaveaboat,soLovedecidedtoaskothersfor____112____.LovesawthatVanityhadabeautifulboat.“Vanity,couldyoupleasetakeme____113____you?”Loveasked.“Ican’thelpyou.”Vanityanswered.“Youarewetalloverwithwater.Youwill____114____mybeautifulboat.”LovethenturnedtoSadnessandasked.“Sadness,pleaseletmegetonyourboat!”“Sorry.IamtoosadandIneedtobe____115____,”Sadnessreplied.AndwhenLovesawHappinesspassby,Lovealsotriedtoaskherforhelp.____116____shewassohappythatshedidn’tevenstoptolistentowhatLovewassaying.Suddenly,Loveheardanoldman’svoicesaying.“Comeon,Love,I’lltakeyouaway.”Theoldmanusedhisboattotakelovetoa____117____place.Lovethankedhimandsaid.“MayIhaveyourname,please?Andwhywereyouwilling（樂(lè)意的）tohelpme?”“MynameisTime,”theoldmanreplied.“IhelpedyoubecauseIunderstoodhow____118____youwere—Youmadetheworldfullofpeaceandpleasure.”111．A．goton B．puton C．triedon D．turnedon112．A．a(chǎn)dvice B．water C．money D．help113．A．towards B．a(chǎn)bove C．with D．past114．A．clean B．fix C．mess D．hide115．A．a(chǎn)way B．a(chǎn)lone C．a(chǎn)broad D．a(chǎn)round116．A．But B．Though C．Because D．Whenever117．A．dangerous B．poor C．quiet D．safe118．A．valuable B．expensive C．successful D．interested

?第02講完型填空之記敘文題型歸納（一）閱讀下面短文，掌握其大意，然后從各題所給的四個(gè)選項(xiàng)中選出一個(gè)最佳答案。ItwasNewYear’sEve.Acoupleweredecoratingtheirroomwhenthemansaidtohiswife,“I’mgladthisyearfinishesinafew____1____.Whataterribleyearwe’vehad!”Hiswifeaskedhim,“Why?Idon’tunderstand!”Themanwasvery____2____andreplied,“Youdon’tunderstand?Thinkaboutwhathashappenedthisyear.Firstofall,Ihada（n）____3____toremovemykidney（腎臟）.Remember?Lastmonth,Iturned____4____andIwastoldtomakeroomforsomeoneyounger.Huh!WhatamIgoingtodonow?Andyousurelyhaven’tforgottenthe___5____,whichmadeoursonstayinhospitalforthreeweeks,haveyou?Andthatmeanhe____6____takehisexamstogetintomedicalschool.Andwehadtobuyanewcar.____7____year!I’msogladit’sover.”Hiswifedidn’tsaymuch.She____8____theroom.Afewminuteslater,shecamebackinandsaid,“OK,Iheardwhatyousaid,butthisis____9____Iseethings.Yourkidneyhadbeen_____10_____youforyearsandyouwon’thavethatpaineveragain.Nowthatyoudon’thavetogotowork,youcanspendmoretimeinthe_____11____,takingbettercareofyourflowers.Andthatisthe_____12_____you’vealwayswanted.Althoughthecarwasdestroyed,oursonstayed_____13____.He’lldoevenbetterinhisexamsnextyearsincehe’sgotmoretimeto_____14____.SoIthinkit’sagoodyear,andthenewonewillstartinafewhours.I’msureit’llbeanothergoodyear.”Wecan’tcontrolthethingsthathappentous,butwecan_____15_____howwelookatthem.Whateverhappens,youcanbeoptimisticornot—it’suptoyou.1．A．months B．weeks C．days D．hours2．A．interested B．stressed C．surprised D．touched3．A．a(chǎn)bility B．right C．chance D．operation4．A．leave B．change C．continue D．start5．A．car B．exam C．a(chǎn)ccident D．medicine6．A．couldn’t B．shouldn’t C．mustn’t D．needn’t7．A．Wonderful B．Terrible C．Strange D．Common8．A．wentbackinto B．lookedbackinto C．lookedoutof D．wentoutof9．A．how B．why C．when D．where10．A．protecting B．satisfying C．worrying D．relaxing11．A．garden B．kitchen C．hospital D．school12．A．work B．life C．trip D．gift13．A．calm B．silent C．a(chǎn)live D．a(chǎn)lone14．A．play B．study C．sleep D．exercise15．A．copy B．control C．explain D．express【答案】1．D2．C3．D4．A5．C6．A7．B8．D9．A10．C11．A12．B13．C14．B15．D【導(dǎo)語(yǔ)】本文講述了丈夫與妻子對(duì)即將過(guò)去的一年的不同的看法，由此告訴我們：生活中的一些事情，我們無(wú)法控制，但是我們可以控制自己對(duì)事物的看法，要樂(lè)觀向上的生活。1．句意：我很高興這一年還有幾個(gè)小時(shí)就要結(jié)束了。months月份；weeks周；days天；hours小時(shí)。根據(jù)“ItwasNewYear’sEve.Acoupleweredecoratingtheirroom”以及“andthenewonewillstartinafewhours”可知，在除夕夜應(yīng)該是還有幾個(gè)小時(shí)就過(guò)新年了，過(guò)去的一年就要結(jié)束了，故選D。2．句意：男人非常驚訝。interested感興趣的；stressed緊張的，焦慮的；surprised驚訝的；touched感動(dòng)的。根據(jù)“Youdon’tunderstand?Thinkaboutwhathashappenedthisyear.”可知，妻子不懂丈夫說(shuō)的話，丈夫感到驚訝，故選C。3．句意：首先，我做了一個(gè)腎臟切除手術(shù)。ability能力；right權(quán)力；chance機(jī)會(huì)；operation手術(shù)。根據(jù)“toremovemykidney（腎臟）”可知，男子做了手術(shù)，故選D。4．句意：上個(gè)月，我離職了，被告知要給更年輕的人讓位。leave離開；change改變；continue繼續(xù)；start開始。根據(jù)“Iwastoldtomakeroomforsomeoneyounger.”可知，此處是說(shuō)“離開了工作崗位”，故選A。5．句意：你肯定沒有忘記那場(chǎng)事故。car汽車；exam考試；accident事故；medicine藥。根據(jù)“whichmadeoursonstayinhospitalforthreeweeks”可知，此處指的是“事故”，故選C。6．句意：這意味著他不能參加考試，進(jìn)入醫(yī)學(xué)院。couldn’t不能；shouldn’t不應(yīng)該；mustn’t禁止；needn’t不需要。根據(jù)“Andthatmeanhe...takehisexamstogetintomedicalschool.”可知，住院了不能參加考試，故選A。7．句意：糟糕的一年！Wonderful精彩的；Terrible糟糕的；Strange奇怪的；Common普通的。根據(jù)上文的描述可知，這一年過(guò)得很糟糕，故選B。8．句意：她走出房間。wentbackinto重新進(jìn)入；lookedbackinto回顧，回憶過(guò)去；lookedoutof從……朝外看；wentoutof走出。根據(jù)“Afewminuteslater,shecamebackinandsaid”可知，妻子走出了房間，故選D。9．句意：好吧，我聽到你說(shuō)的了，但我就是這么看的。how怎樣；why為什么；when何時(shí)；where哪里。根據(jù)“Yourkidneyhadbeen...youforyearsandyouwon’thavethatpaineveragain...”及“howwelookatthem”后文的解釋可知，此處是妻子說(shuō)明自己是如何看待這些事情的，故選A。10．句意：你的腎臟多年來(lái)一直讓你擔(dān)心。protecting保護(hù)；satisfying滿意；worrying擔(dān)心；relaxing放松。根據(jù)“youwon’thavethatpaineveragain.”可知，男子的腎臟多年來(lái)一直讓他擔(dān)憂，故選C。11．句意：現(xiàn)在你不用上班了，你可以花更多的時(shí)間在花園里，更好地照顧你的花。garden花園；kitchen廚房；hospital醫(yī)院；school學(xué)校。根據(jù)“takingbettercareofyourflowers”可知，花應(yīng)該是長(zhǎng)在花園里，故選A。12．句意：這就是你一直想要的生活。work工作；life生活；trip旅行；gift禮物。根據(jù)“youdon’thavetogotowork,youcanspendmoretimeinthe...takingbettercareofyourflowers”可知，這是丈夫想要的生活，故選B。13．句意：雖然汽車被毀了，但我們的兒子還活著。calm鎮(zhèn)靜的；silent沉默的；alive活著的；alone獨(dú)自。根據(jù)“Althoughthecarwasdestroyed,oursonstayed...”可知，事故導(dǎo)致汽車毀了，但是兒子還活著，故選C。14．句意：他明年的考試會(huì)考得更好，因?yàn)樗懈嗟臅r(shí)間學(xué)習(xí)。play玩；study學(xué)習(xí)；sleep睡覺；exercise鍛煉。根據(jù)“He’lldoevenbetterinhisexamsnextyearsincehe’sgotmoretimeto...”可知，有更多的時(shí)間學(xué)習(xí)，所以明年會(huì)考得更好，故選B。15．句意：我們不能控制發(fā)生在我們身上的事情，但我們可以表達(dá)我們?nèi)绾慰创鼈?。copy復(fù)制；control控制；explain解釋；express表達(dá)。根據(jù)“Wecan’tcontrolthethingsthathappentous,butwecan...howwelookatthem.”可知，不能控制一些事情的發(fā)生，但是可以表達(dá)看待它的方式，故選D。（二）閱讀下面的材料，從每題所給的A、B、C、D四個(gè)選項(xiàng)中選出可以填入空白處的最佳選項(xiàng)。Inoticedadadandhissonatthepark.Hissonwasn’tabletocommunicate,butheseemed____16____sitinginthesand.Thedadexplainedtomethathissoncouldonlymakesomesounds.Theboyhadbeeninspeechtherapy（言語(yǔ)治療）foryears.Aftersomuchtimeintherapy,theboywasabletomakeeyecontact（接觸）forafewsecondsandthefatherwashappybythe____17____!Hetoldmehowexpensivethetherapiesforhissonwereandwhatapleasureitwastoseealloftheyearsofhardwork____18____.Thefatherandsonconnected,andthosefewsecondsofeyecontact____19____everythingtothatdad!Aswetalkedabouttherapy,thedadsharedwithmethathis____20____forhisboywastosomedaybeabletogoforicecreamtogether.Hesaidhisfatherusedtotakehimoutforicecreamandhehopedhecoulddothesamewithhischild.___21____,thesonstoppedputtinghisfi