關于消化系統(tǒng)的英文PPT

1、TheDigestiveSystem(alsocalledthegastrointestinaloralimentarycanal),Theprimaryfunctions,IngestionDigestionAbsorptionElimination,Introduction,Anatomically,thedigestivesystemconsistofa30-footlong,mucousmembrane-linedtubebeginningwithmouthandendingwiththeanus,Thedigestivesystem,MouthPharynxEsophagusStom

2、achSmallintestineLargeintestineLiverGallbladderPancreas,Accessoryorgansofthedigestivesystem,Theoralcavity,TheteethThetongueThepalate,Chewingandswallowing,Theteethareusedtocut,tearandcrushfoodintosmallerpieces.Eachtoothconsistsofpulp,cementumandenamel.Theteethareclassifiedincisors,cuspidsandmolars.Th

3、etonguemanipulatesfoodinthemouthduringmasticationanddeglutition.Thepalatethehardplateandthesoftplate(theuvulahangingfromthesoftplate),Thepharynxorthroat,isalongmusculartubethatservesasapassagewayforfoodfromthemouthtotheesophagusandasapasswayforairfromnosetothewindpipe.Theesophagusisalongmusculartube

4、extendingfromthepharynxtothestomach.Foodispropelledbyrhythmiccontractionsofmusclesinthewalloftheesophagus.Thisprocessiscalledperistalsis.,ThestomachItiscomposedofanupperportioncalledfundus,amiddlesectionknownasthebodyandalowerportion,calledtheantrum.Thecardiacsphincterrelaxesandcontractstomovefoodfr

5、omtheesophagusintothestomach,whereasthepyloricsphincterallowsfoodtoleavethestomachwhenitsufficientlydigested.Asthestomachfills,therugaeunfolded,exposingthedigestiveglandsandstimulatingthemtosecretdigestiveenzymesandhydrochloricacid.Thesesubstanceshelptransformfoodpresenttoasemifluidsubstance.,Thesma

6、llintestineistheregionofthegutwherenearlyallofthechemicaldigestionofthenutritioncomponentsoffoodtakeplace.Itdividedinto3sections:1)theduodenum2)thejejunum3)theileumInthewalloftheentiresmallintestinearemillionsofvilli.Itisthroughthecapillariesinthevillithatcompletelydigestednutrientspassintothebloods

7、treamandlymphvessels.,Thelargeintestineisdividedinto4parts:cecum,colon,sigmoidcolon,andrectum.,Thececumisconnectedtothesmallintestinebytheileocecalvalve.Thecolonhas3divisions:theascendingcolon,thetransversecolon,thesigmoidcolon.Asfluidwastefromthesmallintestinepassthroughvarioussectionsofthecolon,wa

8、terisreabsorbedintobody.Therectumservesasareservoirforfeces.,Theliver:locatedintheupperrightquadrantofabdomen,producesbile.Besidesproducingbile,ithasseveralothervitalfunctions.Itmanufacturesbloodproteins,destorysolderythrocytesandreleasesbilirubin,removespoisons(detoxification）fromtheblood,storesandreleasesglycogenneededbythebody.,Thegallbladder：apear-shapedsacbehindthelowerportionoftheliver,storesbile,whichiscontinuouslysecretedbythehepaticcellsbetweenmeals.,Thepancreas:behindthestomach,manufacturesdigestivejui