多媒體編程03_第1章_Visual C2005++簡介.ppt

1、1.3 Visual C+ 2005 CLI通用語言基礎(chǔ)結(jié)構(gòu)（Common Language Infrastructure ） C+可以允許我們對底層機(jī)器進(jìn)行無限的訪問，不支持在運(yùn)行時(shí)對應(yīng)用程序進(jìn)行任何的更改。對于正在運(yùn)行的程序中的活動(dòng)類型、以及相關(guān)的程序基礎(chǔ)構(gòu)造，它的訪問能力卻非常有限、或者根本就不可能。它是一門非常成功的編程語言，但是它卻不能適應(yīng)目前的Web編程環(huán)境以及相關(guān)的安全問題這已經(jīng)成為目前程序設(shè)計(jì)中一個(gè)越來越重要的考量。,第一章 Windows編程基礎(chǔ),CLI卻允許我們對正在運(yùn)行的程序中的活動(dòng)類型、以及相關(guān)的程序基礎(chǔ)構(gòu)造進(jìn)行完全的訪問，甚至允許我們動(dòng)態(tài)構(gòu)造額外的類型和程序基礎(chǔ)構(gòu)造。

2、這些靈活性的獲得當(dāng)然伴隨有相當(dāng)?shù)目臻g（執(zhí)行體所占空間）和時(shí)間（程序執(zhí)行效率）代價(jià)，但是它卻解決了日益增長的基于連接的計(jì)算環(huán)境中所面臨的問題和需要。 簡言之， C+/CLI是靜態(tài)C+對象模型到CLI的動(dòng)態(tài)組件對象編程模型的捆綁。簡而言之，它就是你如何用C+在.NET中編程，而不是C#或Visual Basic.NET。象C#和CLI本身一樣，C+/CLI正在ECMA（歐洲計(jì)算機(jī)制造商協(xié)會(huì)）主持下進(jìn)行標(biāo)準(zhǔn)化，以最終符合ISO標(biāo)準(zhǔn)。,實(shí)時(shí)通用語言（CLR）是CLI的微軟版本，它非常適用于微軟的Windows操作系統(tǒng)，相似地，Visual C+2005是C+/CLI的實(shí)現(xiàn)。 C+/CLI是.NET編程

3、模式與C+的結(jié)合，正如以前將模板與C+結(jié)合起來產(chǎn)生的泛型編程。所有這種結(jié)合中，企業(yè)所擁有的C+的投資以及開發(fā)人員使用C+的經(jīng)驗(yàn)將得到保存，而這恰恰是使用C+/CLI進(jìn)行開發(fā)的重要基礎(chǔ)。,WPF,WPF的全稱是Windows Presentation Foundation，是微軟新發(fā)布的Vista操作系統(tǒng)的三大核心開發(fā)庫之一，其主要負(fù)責(zé)的是圖形顯示，所以叫Presentation（呈現(xiàn)）。Windows Presentation Foundation (WPF) 是下一代顯示系統(tǒng)，用于生成能帶給用戶震撼視覺體驗(yàn)的 Windows 客戶端應(yīng)用程序。使用 WPF，可以創(chuàng)建廣泛的獨(dú)立應(yīng)用程序以及瀏覽器

4、承載的應(yīng)用程序。,error C2664: “MessageBoxW”: 不能將參數(shù) 2 從“char *”轉(zhuǎn)換為“LPCWSTR”,由于程序在UNICODE（寬字節(jié)）字符集下運(yùn)行，如果調(diào)用了 MessageBox ，實(shí)際上調(diào)用的是 MessageBoxW 函數(shù)；如果程序在 ANSI 字符集運(yùn)行，調(diào)用 MessageBox ，就相當(dāng)于調(diào)用MessageBoxA；其中 MessageBoxW 支持 UNICODE； MessageBoxA 支持ANSI； UNICODE與ANSI 有什么區(qū)別？ 簡單的說，UNICODE版的字符比ANSI 的內(nèi)存占用大，比如： Win32程式中出現(xiàn)的標(biāo)準(zhǔn)定義 ch

5、ar 占一個(gè)字節(jié)， 而 char 的UNICODE版被定義成這樣： typedef unsigned short wchar_t ;占2個(gè)字節(jié)。 所以有字符做參數(shù)的函數(shù)相應(yīng)也用兩個(gè)版本了。 寬字節(jié)版函數(shù)中帶有字符參數(shù)的都應(yīng)該用寬字節(jié)版的字符參數(shù)，將字符串轉(zhuǎn)換成寬字節(jié)很容易： 比如將 Application Error 轉(zhuǎn)換成UNICODE版，只需在它前面使用一個(gè)定義了的宏，如下： LApplication Error ，或者TEXT(Application Error )都可以,“CreateWindowExW”: 不能將參數(shù)2 從“const char 11”轉(zhuǎn)換為“LPCWSTR”,Add

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