介詞加關(guān)系代詞與關(guān)系副詞.ppt

1、A,1,Unit5 Nelson Mandela Peroid 5 Grammar The Attributive Clause ,A,2,關(guān)系代詞的用法,關(guān)系代詞在從句中可以：,whom,who,which,that,whose,何時(shí)可以省略？,做賓語時(shí)可以省略,A,3,The Attributive Clause 2 -Relative Adverbs,A,4,Learning Aims,1. 介詞+關(guān)系代詞引導(dǎo)的定語從句 2.定語從句中關(guān)系副詞的用法,A,5,1. 當(dāng)介詞位于定語從句末尾時(shí)，可用 which/that(指物), who/whom/that(指人)作從句中介詞的賓語.而且作

2、介詞賓語的關(guān)系代詞可以省略。,(whom/who/that),(which/that),Dad is a person_ I can easily talk to.,Is this the play _ you were talking about just now?,介詞+which/ whom引導(dǎo)的定語從句,A,6,2. 當(dāng)介詞放在關(guān)系代詞前面時(shí)，關(guān)系代詞只能用whom(指人)或which(指物)，且關(guān)系代詞不能省略。,The man with whom you talked just now is my neighbor. I cant find the pen with which I

3、 was writing .,介詞+關(guān)系代詞引導(dǎo)定語從句情況1,A,7,介詞+關(guān)系代詞引導(dǎo)定語從句情況1,The man whom you spoke was a scientist. The city which she lives is far away.,to,in,A,8,介詞+關(guān)系代詞的情況,The man you spoke was a scientist. The city she lives is far away.,to,in,2,Are these two sentences right?,whom,which,who,that,在介詞之后不能用who that,A,9,I

4、 saw the watch which you are looking ? The old man whom I am looking is better .,在短語動(dòng)詞中介詞不能提前,下面兩句中的介詞能提前嗎?,for,after,A,10,注意:在介詞+which/whom引導(dǎo)定語從句結(jié)構(gòu)中，有時(shí)在其前可加名詞，代詞，數(shù)詞等。如：,No one wants the room the windows of which are broken.(“的”，所屬關(guān)系) The old man has three sons, all of whom are doctors.(整體的一部分或全部) L

5、ast Sunday I bought several books from the bookstore, three of which were English novels.(整體的一部分或全部),A,11,(2) 根據(jù)先行詞的習(xí)慣搭配來決定。,I remember the day on which I joined the Party. I remember the days during which I lived there.,3. 介詞的選用原則：,根據(jù)定語從句謂語動(dòng)詞，形容詞的習(xí)慣搭配來決定。 This is the book on which I spent 8 dollars

6、. This is the book for which I paid 8 dollars. The thing about/of which Mr. Smith was not sure was the young mans honesty.,A,12,(3)根據(jù)定語從句的意義來決定 Wu Song was the man by whom the tiger was shot.,A,13,練習(xí),A,14,用適當(dāng)?shù)慕樵~補(bǔ)充完整下列定語從句。 1. I disagree with the facts _ which your argument is based. 2. The song, _ w

7、hich he was interested, will never be heard again. 3. This is the reason _ which he often comes to school late.,on,in,for,A,15,4. I want to find the very pen _ which I wrote that letter. 5. They are the students _ whom our teachers are thinking highly. 6. It is important to choose good friends _ who

8、m you can share your feelings and thoughts. 7. It will not be necessary to name the person _ whom the card belongs. 8. I would always like to do business with those people _ whom I can rely.,with,of,with,to,on / upon,A,16,1. I will never forget the day _ we studied together. 2. That was the pen he w

9、rote the letter.,on which,with which,for which,3. Do you like the book she paid $10? 4. Do you like the book she spent $10? 5. This is the hero we are proud. 6. There are three things _ she is not sure.,of whom,介詞+關(guān)系代詞的情況 練習(xí),on which,about which,A,17,5. 先行詞是the way，意為“方式，方法”時(shí)，且在從句中做方式狀語時(shí)，引導(dǎo)定語從句的關(guān)系詞用

10、that/ in which或省略。,I didnt like the way _ she talked to me.（she talked to me in the way） The way _he teaches English is interesting. (he teaches English in the way),（that/in which）,（that/in which）,Pay attention to this sentence: I didnt like the way_ he told to me. （he told the way to me）,which/that

11、/省略,A,18,關(guān)系副詞 ：,在定語從句中，當(dāng)表示時(shí)間、地點(diǎn)、原因的名詞作先行詞時(shí)，且先行詞在定語從句中作狀語，應(yīng)用關(guān)系副詞when,where,why.,A,19,關(guān)系副詞的用法,表時(shí)間,時(shí)間狀語,表地點(diǎn),地點(diǎn)狀語,表原因,原因狀語,A,20,關(guān)系副詞-when , where, why,1.when 表示時(shí)間，其先行詞往往是表示時(shí)間的名詞 （如:time,day,year,week,month,morning,evening等）,在從句中作時(shí)間狀語 when可換成“at/in/on/during等介詞+關(guān)系代詞”。 e.g. I still remember the day when (

12、= on which) I first came to Nanjing. My father was born in the year when (= in which) World War broke out.,A,21,2. where 表示地點(diǎn)，其先行詞往往是表示地 點(diǎn)的名詞(如:place,room,house,hotel, school,city等)，在從句當(dāng)中作地點(diǎn)狀語。,when可換成“介詞+關(guān)系代詞”。如： This is the farm where (= on which) we worked when we were young. My father was born i

13、n the place where (= in which) World War broke out.,A,22,3. why 表示原因，常用在先行詞reason 后,表示原因，在從句當(dāng)中做原因狀語， 相當(dāng)于 for+which,There are several reasons why (= for which) the boys should be punished. Tom couldnt give the teacher the reason why (= for which) he was late for school.,A,23,reason 作先行詞時(shí)關(guān)系詞的使用,Im not

14、 clear about the reason for which he did it. why he did it that he did it.,for which why that,A,24, The house where he lives needs repairing The reason why Jim was happy to help Mandela was helping others. The day when Mandela told me what to do and helped him was the happiest day for Jim.,下面我們學(xué)習(xí)一下關(guān)

15、系副詞whenwherewhy的用法,A,25,The house which he lives in needs repairing.,The house in which he lives needs repairing.,The house where he lives needs repairing,Comparing and discovering,A,26,The reason why Jim was happy to help Mandela was helping others.,The reason for which Jim was happy to help Mandel

16、a was helping others.,A,27,.,The day when Mandela told me what to do and helped him was the happiest day for Jim.,The day on which Mandela told me what to do and helped him was the happiest day for Jim,A,28,4. 關(guān)系副詞的用法注意點(diǎn),(1)當(dāng)先行詞為time，表示“次數(shù)”時(shí)，應(yīng)用關(guān)系詞that 或省略。如： This is the first time (that) the preside

17、nt has visited the country.,4. 關(guān)系副詞的用法注意點(diǎn),A,29,(2)當(dāng)point, situation, case, position, stage, condition等詞作先行詞表示“情況，境地，場(chǎng)合”等抽象意思時(shí)，其后常由where引導(dǎo)定語從句，where在句中作狀語。如：,Ive come to the point where I cant stand him.我已經(jīng)到了無法容忍他的地步了 We are in a position where we may lose a large sum of money.我們正處在可能損失一筆錢的境地。 Can yo

18、u think of a situation where this phrase can be used? 你能想到一種使用這個(gè)短語的情況嗎？,A,30,小結(jié):關(guān)系詞的選擇,1.找先行詞 2.先行詞在從句中作什么成分 （1）主語、賓語、表語、定語-關(guān)系代詞 狀語-關(guān)系副詞 （2）先行詞前是否需要介詞 要-關(guān)系副詞 不要-關(guān)系代詞,A,31,關(guān)系詞及其用法小結(jié),人,作主語,不省,人,作賓語,可省,人/物(的),作定語(+n),不省,事/物,作主語/賓語,作賓語時(shí)可省,人/物,作主語/賓語,作賓語時(shí)可省,關(guān)系代詞在定語從句中作賓語時(shí)可以省略,that,介詞+which,作時(shí)間狀語,介詞+which

19、,介詞for+which,作地點(diǎn)狀語,作原因狀語,不省,不省,不省,不可以省略,A,32,辨析,which or where/when/why,在定語從句中作狀語還是作主語/賓語,A,33,which or where/when/why,1. This is the museum _ my mother worked 10 years ago. (worked in the museum 地點(diǎn)狀語) This is the museum _ was built in 1950. (the museum was build) （museum 主語）,在定語從句中作狀語還是作主語/賓語,where

20、,which,A,34,2. July 1, 1921 was the day _ our Party was founded(成立). (our Party was founded on the day 作狀語） July 1, 1921 was the day _ we will not forget. （we will never forget the day作賓語）,when,which,which or where/when/why,在定語從句中作狀語還是作主語/賓語,及物動(dòng)詞,A,35,3. I remember the days _ I lived in my home town

21、. (I lived in my home town during the days 作狀語） I remember the days _ I spent with my grandpa. （I spent the days with . the days作賓語）,when,which,which or where/when/why,在定語從句中作狀語還是作主語/賓語,A,36,4. The house _ were going to visit was built a century ago. (visit the house) The house _ used to be a temple

22、 is a school now. (the house used to be a temple) The house _ he used to live was flooded. ( he used to live in the house),(which / that ),which / that,where,A,37,5.A bookstore is a place_ you can get books. (you can get the books in the place) A bookstore is a place _ books are sold. (books are sold in the place) A bookstore is a place _ sell books. (the place sells books),where,which/that,where,A,38,6.I cant find the card _ I