公開(kāi)課過(guò)去分詞1.ppt

1、過(guò)去分詞 the past participle,過(guò)去分詞知識(shí)總結(jié) I 過(guò)去分詞的形式 II 過(guò)去分詞的性質(zhì) III 過(guò)去分詞的用法,構(gòu)成形式 “動(dòng)詞原形+ed” 規(guī)則形式: e.g. open love study stop 不規(guī)則形式： e.g. cost bend keep fight break rise swim 過(guò)去分詞沒(méi)有時(shí)態(tài)和語(yǔ)態(tài)的變化,I 過(guò)去分詞的構(gòu)成形式,opened,loved,studied,stopped,cost,bent,kept,fought,broken,risen,swum,II 過(guò)去分詞的性質(zhì),過(guò)去分詞既有動(dòng)詞性質(zhì)，也有形容詞和副詞性質(zhì) 1)動(dòng)詞性質(zhì)表現(xiàn)

2、為:可以有自己的狀語(yǔ)并組成過(guò)去分詞短語(yǔ)。 He likes to read the books written by Lu Xun.(過(guò)去分詞短語(yǔ)) 2)形容詞和副詞性質(zhì)表現(xiàn)為：過(guò)去分詞（短語(yǔ)）在句中可作定語(yǔ)、表語(yǔ)、狀語(yǔ)、補(bǔ)足語(yǔ)等。,譯：他喜歡讀魯迅寫(xiě)的書(shū)。,We should pay attention to our spoken English.,This is one of the schools built in 1980.,過(guò)去分詞短語(yǔ)常放在它所修飾的名詞之后，與 被修飾的名詞之間存在動(dòng)賓關(guān)系，相當(dāng)于一個(gè) 定語(yǔ)從句，但是更簡(jiǎn)潔。,= This is one of the school

3、s which were built in 1980.,Prices of daily goods bought through a computer can be lower than store prices., The injured boy can not take part in the sports meet.,The boy who is injured can not take part in the sports meet., III 過(guò)去分詞的用法,過(guò)去分詞（短語(yǔ)）作定語(yǔ),單個(gè)過(guò)去分詞作定語(yǔ)常放在它所修飾的名詞之前, 和它所修飾的名詞存在動(dòng)賓(被動(dòng))關(guān)系。,All book

4、s which were borrowed from the library should be returned by Friday., All books borrowed from the library should be returned by Friday.,過(guò)去分詞短語(yǔ)常放在它所修飾的名詞之后，與 被修飾的名詞之間存在動(dòng)賓關(guān)系，相當(dāng)于一個(gè) 定語(yǔ)從句，但是更簡(jiǎn)潔。,習(xí)題：, I m very thirsty. Youd better drink some _ water. A. boiling B. boil C. boiled D. to be boiled,C,單個(gè)分詞作定語(yǔ)放

5、在所修飾的名詞之前。 現(xiàn)在分詞表明動(dòng)作正在進(jìn)行，過(guò)去分詞表明動(dòng)作已經(jīng)完成。,過(guò)去分詞短語(yǔ)做定語(yǔ)放在所修飾名詞(詞組)之后，與其所修飾的名詞(詞組是)動(dòng)賓關(guān)系,且動(dòng)作已經(jīng)完成。 譯:公元前776年舉行的奧運(yùn)會(huì)只持續(xù)了一天。,2)The Olympic Games _ in 776 B.C. lasted for only one day.,A,過(guò)去分詞invited作定語(yǔ)修飾指示代詞those,意為“被邀請(qǐng)的那些人”,兩者是動(dòng)賓（被動(dòng)）關(guān)系。 those invited = those people who have been invited 單個(gè)過(guò)去分詞作定語(yǔ)需放在所修飾的名詞之前,但是som

6、ething、anything、nobody、nothing、 those等代詞的定語(yǔ)需后置。,3. Please dont forget him. He is one of _. A. those invited B. invited those C. those inviting D. inviting those,A,現(xiàn)在分詞和過(guò)去分詞做定語(yǔ)的區(qū)別,現(xiàn)在分詞表示主動(dòng)意義，過(guò)去分詞表示被動(dòng)意義 現(xiàn)在分詞表示正在進(jìn)行，過(guò)去分詞表示狀態(tài)或完成 a moving movie 感人的電影 a moved audience 被感動(dòng)的觀眾 boiling water 正在燒(煮沸)的水 boiled

7、water 已煮沸的水 developing countries 反展中國(guó)家 developed countries 發(fā)達(dá)國(guó)家 falling leaves 落葉(正在進(jìn)行) fallen leaves 落葉(已經(jīng)完成),過(guò)去分詞（短語(yǔ)）作表語(yǔ),過(guò)去分詞（短語(yǔ)）用在系動(dòng)詞之后作表語(yǔ)，和句子主語(yǔ)之間存在動(dòng)賓關(guān)系。,The children were satisfied with his explanation.,She looked worried.,譯：孩子們對(duì)他的解釋感到滿(mǎn)意。,譯：她看起來(lái)很焦急。,1. The rooms are _, so you cant move in. A. pa

8、inted B. painting C. being painted D. to be painted,2. As soon as he entered the city, he _. A. was losing B. got losing C. lost D. got lost,3. What he has done is really _.Now his parents are _ him. A. disappointing; disappointed at B. disappointing; disappointed about C. disappointing; disappointe

9、d with D. disappointed; disappointing by,C,C,D,( e.g. get hurt get excited get pleased ),習(xí)題：,This river is polluted.（過(guò)去分詞作表語(yǔ)，表狀態(tài)） 譯：這條河被污染了 This river was polluted by the chemical plant. （過(guò)去分詞構(gòu)成被動(dòng)語(yǔ)態(tài)，表動(dòng)作） 譯：這條河是被那家化工廠給污染的。,過(guò)去分詞作表語(yǔ)和被動(dòng)語(yǔ)態(tài)的區(qū)別：,The windows are closed .,譯：窗戶(hù)是關(guān)著的。,The windows were closed by

10、 Jack.,譯：窗戶(hù)是被杰克關(guān)起來(lái)的,過(guò)去分詞作表語(yǔ)，表狀態(tài)，相當(dāng)于一個(gè)形容詞；在被動(dòng)語(yǔ)態(tài)中，過(guò)去分詞表動(dòng)作，常由by引出動(dòng)作的發(fā)出者。,過(guò)去分詞（短語(yǔ)）作賓語(yǔ)補(bǔ)足語(yǔ),I found the small town changed a lot.(表動(dòng)作已完成),He wants the letter typed right away.(動(dòng)賓關(guān)系),We must get our homework finished on time. (動(dòng)賓關(guān)系),過(guò)去分詞（短語(yǔ)）在句子中作賓語(yǔ)補(bǔ)足語(yǔ)表示動(dòng)作已完成， 或和賓語(yǔ)存在動(dòng)賓關(guān)系。這類(lèi)句子的謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞通常是表示 “感知”（如see, hear, feel,

11、 watch, notice, find等)、 “意愿”（如want, wish, expect, 等) 的動(dòng)詞， 或是使役動(dòng)詞（如make, have, keep, get 等）。,習(xí)題：,1.We saw the thief_ (catch) by the police.,caught,譯：我看見(jiàn)那個(gè)小偷被警察抓住了。 （過(guò)去分詞短語(yǔ)作賓語(yǔ)補(bǔ)足語(yǔ)，表被動(dòng)。),2. I saw him _ (get on ) the bus .,getting on,譯：我看見(jiàn)他正在上車(chē)。 （現(xiàn)在分詞短語(yǔ)作賓語(yǔ)補(bǔ)足語(yǔ)，表主動(dòng)。動(dòng)作正在進(jìn)行。）,3. I will have/get my hair _ (cu

12、t) tomorrow.,cut,譯：我準(zhǔn)備明天理發(fā)。(過(guò)去分詞作賓補(bǔ)，表被動(dòng)。),過(guò)去分詞（短語(yǔ)）作狀語(yǔ),過(guò)去分詞（短語(yǔ)）作狀語(yǔ)，修飾謂語(yǔ)，常常表示時(shí)間、條件、原因、讓步、伴隨情況等，相當(dāng)于對(duì)應(yīng)的狀語(yǔ)從句。它和主句的主語(yǔ)存在動(dòng)賓關(guān)系。,a、表示時(shí)間,Seen from space, the earth looks blue.,When the earth is seen from space, the earth looks blue.,b、表示條件,Kept in refrigerator, these vegetables will remain fresh.,If these vege

13、tables are kept in refrigerator, these vegetables will remain fresh.,c、表示原因,d、表示伴隨情況,e、表示讓步,Deeply moved by the movie, the girls began to cry.,As the girls were deeply moved by the movie, the girls began to cry.,She walked out of the house, followed by her daughter.,She walked out of the house, and

14、was followed by her daughter.,Beaten by the enemy, he refused to let out the secret.,Although he was beaten by the enemy, he refused to let out the secret.,1._ a reply, he decided to write again. A. Not receiving B. Receiving not C. Not having received D. Having not received,C,2. _in her new skirt ,

15、she tried to make herself _at the party . A. Dressed; noticed B. Dressing; noticed C. Dressed; noticing D. Dressing; being noticing,3. _ better attention , the vegetables could have grown better A. Giving B. Given C. Give D. To give,B,(he和 receive 是主謂關(guān)系，且receive 先于decide之前發(fā)生。),A,4. Unless _ to speak

16、, you should remain silent at the conference. A. invited B. inviting C. being invited D. having invited,A,5._ by his teachers, he has made great progress in his lesson. A. Helping B. To help C. Help D. Helped,D,6. _his telephone number, she had some difficulty getting in touch with Bill. Knowing not

17、 B. Not known C. Not knowing D. Not know,C,8. The old man walked in the street, _. A. following his son B. followed his son C. and following his son D. following by his son,A,9. _ a white sweater, she looks much more beautiful. Dressing B. wearing C. Dressed D. Having dressed,B,10. _, the little boy

18、 is living a happy life. Taking good care B. Taken good care C. Having taken good care D. Taken good care of,D,Consolidation,1. Prices of daily goods _ through a computer can be lower than store prices. A. are bought B. bought C. been bought D. buying,B,2. With a lot of different problems _, the newly-elected president is having a hard time. A. settled B. settling C. to settle D. being settled,C,3. Dont use words, expressions or phrases _ only to people with specific