公開課過去分詞1.ppt

1、過去分詞 the past participle,過去分詞知識總結 I 過去分詞的形式 II 過去分詞的性質 III 過去分詞的用法,構成形式 “動詞原形+ed” 規(guī)則形式: e.g. open love study stop 不規(guī)則形式： e.g. cost bend keep fight break rise swim 過去分詞沒有時態(tài)和語態(tài)的變化,I 過去分詞的構成形式,opened,loved,studied,stopped,cost,bent,kept,fought,broken,risen,swum,II 過去分詞的性質,過去分詞既有動詞性質，也有形容詞和副詞性質 1)動詞性質表現(xiàn)

2、為:可以有自己的狀語并組成過去分詞短語。 He likes to read the books written by Lu Xun.(過去分詞短語) 2)形容詞和副詞性質表現(xiàn)為：過去分詞（短語）在句中可作定語、表語、狀語、補足語等。,譯：他喜歡讀魯迅寫的書。,We should pay attention to our spoken English.,This is one of the schools built in 1980.,過去分詞短語常放在它所修飾的名詞之后，與 被修飾的名詞之間存在動賓關系，相當于一個 定語從句，但是更簡潔。,= This is one of the school

3、s which were built in 1980.,Prices of daily goods bought through a computer can be lower than store prices., The injured boy can not take part in the sports meet.,The boy who is injured can not take part in the sports meet., III 過去分詞的用法,過去分詞（短語）作定語,單個過去分詞作定語常放在它所修飾的名詞之前, 和它所修飾的名詞存在動賓(被動)關系。,All book

4、s which were borrowed from the library should be returned by Friday., All books borrowed from the library should be returned by Friday.,過去分詞短語常放在它所修飾的名詞之后，與 被修飾的名詞之間存在動賓關系，相當于一個 定語從句，但是更簡潔。,習題：, I m very thirsty. Youd better drink some _ water. A. boiling B. boil C. boiled D. to be boiled,C,單個分詞作定語放

5、在所修飾的名詞之前。 現(xiàn)在分詞表明動作正在進行，過去分詞表明動作已經完成。,過去分詞短語做定語放在所修飾名詞(詞組)之后，與其所修飾的名詞(詞組是)動賓關系,且動作已經完成。 譯:公元前776年舉行的奧運會只持續(xù)了一天。,2)The Olympic Games _ in 776 B.C. lasted for only one day.,A,過去分詞invited作定語修飾指示代詞those,意為“被邀請的那些人”,兩者是動賓（被動）關系。 those invited = those people who have been invited 單個過去分詞作定語需放在所修飾的名詞之前,但是som

6、ething、anything、nobody、nothing、 those等代詞的定語需后置。,3. Please dont forget him. He is one of _. A. those invited B. invited those C. those inviting D. inviting those,A,現(xiàn)在分詞和過去分詞做定語的區(qū)別,現(xiàn)在分詞表示主動意義，過去分詞表示被動意義 現(xiàn)在分詞表示正在進行，過去分詞表示狀態(tài)或完成 a moving movie 感人的電影 a moved audience 被感動的觀眾 boiling water 正在燒(煮沸)的水 boiled

7、water 已煮沸的水 developing countries 反展中國家 developed countries 發(fā)達國家 falling leaves 落葉(正在進行) fallen leaves 落葉(已經完成),過去分詞（短語）作表語,過去分詞（短語）用在系動詞之后作表語，和句子主語之間存在動賓關系。,The children were satisfied with his explanation.,She looked worried.,譯：孩子們對他的解釋感到滿意。,譯：她看起來很焦急。,1. The rooms are _, so you cant move in. A. pa

8、inted B. painting C. being painted D. to be painted,2. As soon as he entered the city, he _. A. was losing B. got losing C. lost D. got lost,3. What he has done is really _.Now his parents are _ him. A. disappointing; disappointed at B. disappointing; disappointed about C. disappointing; disappointe

9、d with D. disappointed; disappointing by,C,C,D,( e.g. get hurt get excited get pleased ),習題：,This river is polluted.（過去分詞作表語，表狀態(tài)） 譯：這條河被污染了 This river was polluted by the chemical plant. （過去分詞構成被動語態(tài)，表動作） 譯：這條河是被那家化工廠給污染的。,過去分詞作表語和被動語態(tài)的區(qū)別：,The windows are closed .,譯：窗戶是關著的。,The windows were closed by

10、 Jack.,譯：窗戶是被杰克關起來的,過去分詞作表語，表狀態(tài)，相當于一個形容詞；在被動語態(tài)中，過去分詞表動作，常由by引出動作的發(fā)出者。,過去分詞（短語）作賓語補足語,I found the small town changed a lot.(表動作已完成),He wants the letter typed right away.(動賓關系),We must get our homework finished on time. (動賓關系),過去分詞（短語）在句子中作賓語補足語表示動作已完成， 或和賓語存在動賓關系。這類句子的謂語動詞通常是表示 “感知”（如see, hear, feel,

11、 watch, notice, find等)、 “意愿”（如want, wish, expect, 等) 的動詞， 或是使役動詞（如make, have, keep, get 等）。,習題：,1.We saw the thief_ (catch) by the police.,caught,譯：我看見那個小偷被警察抓住了。 （過去分詞短語作賓語補足語，表被動。),2. I saw him _ (get on ) the bus .,getting on,譯：我看見他正在上車。 （現(xiàn)在分詞短語作賓語補足語，表主動。動作正在進行。）,3. I will have/get my hair _ (cu

12、t) tomorrow.,cut,譯：我準備明天理發(fā)。(過去分詞作賓補，表被動。),過去分詞（短語）作狀語,過去分詞（短語）作狀語，修飾謂語，常常表示時間、條件、原因、讓步、伴隨情況等，相當于對應的狀語從句。它和主句的主語存在動賓關系。,a、表示時間,Seen from space, the earth looks blue.,When the earth is seen from space, the earth looks blue.,b、表示條件,Kept in refrigerator, these vegetables will remain fresh.,If these vege

13、tables are kept in refrigerator, these vegetables will remain fresh.,c、表示原因,d、表示伴隨情況,e、表示讓步,Deeply moved by the movie, the girls began to cry.,As the girls were deeply moved by the movie, the girls began to cry.,She walked out of the house, followed by her daughter.,She walked out of the house, and

14、was followed by her daughter.,Beaten by the enemy, he refused to let out the secret.,Although he was beaten by the enemy, he refused to let out the secret.,1._ a reply, he decided to write again. A. Not receiving B. Receiving not C. Not having received D. Having not received,C,2. _in her new skirt ,

15、she tried to make herself _at the party . A. Dressed; noticed B. Dressing; noticed C. Dressed; noticing D. Dressing; being noticing,3. _ better attention , the vegetables could have grown better A. Giving B. Given C. Give D. To give,B,(he和 receive 是主謂關系，且receive 先于decide之前發(fā)生。),A,4. Unless _ to speak

16、, you should remain silent at the conference. A. invited B. inviting C. being invited D. having invited,A,5._ by his teachers, he has made great progress in his lesson. A. Helping B. To help C. Help D. Helped,D,6. _his telephone number, she had some difficulty getting in touch with Bill. Knowing not

17、 B. Not known C. Not knowing D. Not know,C,8. The old man walked in the street, _. A. following his son B. followed his son C. and following his son D. following by his son,A,9. _ a white sweater, she looks much more beautiful. Dressing B. wearing C. Dressed D. Having dressed,B,10. _, the little boy

18、 is living a happy life. Taking good care B. Taken good care C. Having taken good care D. Taken good care of,D,Consolidation,1. Prices of daily goods _ through a computer can be lower than store prices. A. are bought B. bought C. been bought D. buying,B,2. With a lot of different problems _, the newly-elected president is having a hard time. A. settled B. settling C. to settle D. being settled,C,3. Dont use words, expressions or phrases _ only to people with specific