變否定句規(guī)則

1、變否定句規(guī)則一、一般現(xiàn)在時(shí)變否定句的規(guī)則.(a) 含有 am is are 的句子,變否定句時(shí),只需在am is are 后加not. 例1 This is a book. 否定句 This is not a book . 例2 I am a teacher . 否定句I am not a teacher . 例3 These are pens . 否定句These are not pens .(b) 含有實(shí)義動(dòng)詞的句子，變否定句分兩步。 （1）如果主語是第三人稱單數(shù)時(shí)，要在實(shí)義動(dòng)詞前加doesnt,后面的動(dòng)詞用原形。 例1 He eats an apple. 否定句 He doesnt ea

2、t an apple. 例2 Jim does his homework. 否定句 Jim doesnt do his homework. 例3 Marry goes to school. 否定句Marry doesnt go to school. (2) 如果主語不是第三人稱單數(shù)時(shí)，只需在實(shí)義動(dòng)詞前加dont. 例1 I teach English. 否定句 I dont teach English. 例2 They go to school. 否定句 They dont go to school. 例3 We sing a song. 否定句 We dont sing a song. (c

3、) 含有情態(tài)動(dòng)詞的句子,變否定句時(shí),只需在情態(tài)動(dòng)詞后加not. 例1 I can dance. 否定句 I can not dance.或 I cant dance. 例2 They can speak English. 否定句 They can not speak English. 或 They cant speak English. 例3 He must go home. 否定句 He must not go home. 或 He mustnt go home. 例4 He must be on the playground. He can not be on the playground

4、. 析：當(dāng)must be用來表示推測，有“一定”的含義時(shí)， 否定式要用can not. 例5You must say something at the mecting. You neednt say anything at the mecting. 析：當(dāng)“must+行為動(dòng)詞”用來表示“必須”的含義時(shí)， 其否定式可用neednt 或mustnt表示“不需要”，“不必”， 語氣委婉，must not表示“禁止”，“千萬別”語氣生硬。 例6 You may come in now. You mustnt come in now. 析：may作為情態(tài)動(dòng)詞表示“可以”時(shí)，其否定式用must not,而

5、不用may not. 例7 He may watch TV . He mustnt watch TV. 注意: (1) 見到some 變否定句時(shí),要換成any. 例1 I eat some apples. 否定句 I dont eat any apples. 例2 He has some books. 否定句 He doesnt have any books.例3 He does his home work. 否定句 He doesnt do his home work. (2) 見到and 變否定句時(shí),要換成or. 例1 There is some air and water on the

6、moon. 否定句 There isnt any air or water on the moon. 例2 He has some brothers and sisters. 否定句 He hasnt any brothers or sisters. 例3 He eats apples and oranges. 否定句He doesnt eat apples or oranges. (3) 見到too和also變否定句時(shí),要換成either. 例1. Tom goes to school too. 否定句 Tom doesnt go to school either. too和also用于肯定

7、句中時(shí)，否定句中用either替換。 （4）見到already變否定句時(shí),要換成yet。 例1 He has had supper already. He hasnt had supper yet. 隨著對謂語動(dòng)詞的否定，某些副詞也要作相應(yīng)的變動(dòng)。 英語句型轉(zhuǎn)換錯(cuò)誤分析：肯定句變否定句 1. I think she is there. 誤：I think she isnt there. 正：I dont think she is there. 析：英語中think, believe, expect, suppose等表示信念和揣測的動(dòng)詞， 后接that從句時(shí)，習(xí)慣上將從句中的否定形式轉(zhuǎn)移到主句

8、上， 即否定主句謂語，不否定從句謂語。2. He can sing this song and that one. 誤：He can not sing this song and that one. 正；He can not sing this song or that one. 析：肯定句中的連詞and在否定句中一般要改為or。3. Tom went to school too. 誤：Tom didnt go to school too. 正：Tom didnt go to school either. 析：too和also用于肯定句中時(shí)，否定句中用either替換。4. He has ha

9、d supper already. 誤：He hasnt had supper already. 正：He hasnt had supper yet. 析：隨著對謂語動(dòng)詞的否定，某些副詞也要作相應(yīng)的變動(dòng)。 5. He had a good rest just now. 誤：He hadnt a good rest just now. 正：He didnt have a good rest just now. 析：have在表示開會、吃飯、休息、進(jìn)行體育鍛煉等詞組中是行為動(dòng)詞， 否定句用助動(dòng)詞來完成。 6. Lets do it. 誤：Lets dont do it. 正：Dont lets d

10、o it.或Lets not do it. 析：let后接的是不帶to的不定式，變?yōu)榉穸ㄊ剑?直接在句首前加Dont或在不定式前加not。7. He always gets there on time. 誤：He doesnt always get there on time. 正：He never gets there on time. 析：He doesnt always get there on time意為 “他并非老是準(zhǔn)時(shí)到那兒”，是部分否定， 習(xí)慣上把句中的副詞改為相應(yīng)的表示否定的副詞即可。如： It often rains here. It seldom rains here.8

11、. Be here early tomorrow. 誤：Be not here early tomorrow. 正：Dont be here early tomorrow. 析：祈使句的否定，一般在謂語動(dòng)詞前加do not的縮寫dont。9. You had better come. 誤：You didnt have better come. 正：You had better not come. 析：had better相當(dāng)于一情態(tài)動(dòng)詞，不可分割， 因此not應(yīng)放在其后。would rather也是如此。10. Both Tom and Xiao Ping went to school. 誤：

12、Both Tom and Xiao Ping didnt go to school. 正：Neither Tom nor Xiao Ping went to school. 析：一個(gè)句子中如果有不定代詞both，all, every改為否定式時(shí)， 要把這些不定代詞改為相應(yīng)的表示否定的代詞。二 一般過去時(shí)變否定句規(guī)則 (a) 含有 was were 的句子,變否定句時(shí),只需在 was were 后加not. 例1 This was a book. 否定句 This was not a book . 或 This wasnt a book . 例2 I was a teacher . 否定句I w

13、as not a teacher . 或 I wasnt a teacher . 例3 These were pens . 否定句These were not pens .或 These werent pens (b) 含有實(shí)義動(dòng)詞過去式的句子，變否定句時(shí)， 只需在實(shí)義動(dòng)詞過去式前加didnt，后面的動(dòng)詞用原形。 例1 He ate an apple. 否定句 He didnt eat an apple. 例2 Jim did his homework. 否定句 Jim didnt do his homework. 例3 Marry went to school. 否定句Marry didnt

14、 go to school.(c) 含有情態(tài)動(dòng)詞過去式的句子,變否定句時(shí),只需在情態(tài)動(dòng)詞過去式后加not. (can could,may might ,need need ,must must) 例1 I could dance. 否定句 I could not dance. 或 I couldnt dance. 例2 They could speak English. 否定句 They could not speak English. 或 They couldnt speak English. 例3 He could swim,so can I. He could swim,neither(

15、nor)can I 析：在“陳述句+so+助（系情態(tài)）動(dòng)詞+主語”結(jié)構(gòu)中， 若改為否定句，除陳述部分加副詞not外，還需將so改為neither或nor。 例4 He must go home. 否定句 He must not go home. 或 He mustnt go home. 例5 He must be on the playground. He could not be on the playground. 析：當(dāng)must be用來表示推測，有“一定”的含義時(shí)，否定式要用can not. 例6 You must say something at the mecting. You n

16、eednt say anything at the mecting. 析：當(dāng)“must+行為動(dòng)詞”用來表示“必須”的含義時(shí)， 其否定式可用neednt 或mustnt表示“不需要”，“不必”， 語氣委婉，must not表示“禁止”，“千萬別”語氣生硬。 例7 You might come in now. You mustnt come in now. 析：may作為情態(tài)動(dòng)詞表示“可以”時(shí)， 其否定式用must not,而不用may not. 例8 He might watch TV . He mustnt watch TV.注意: (1) 見到some 變否定句時(shí),要換成any. (2) 見

17、到and 變否定句時(shí),要換成or. (3) 見到too和also變否定句時(shí),要換成either. 例1. Tom goes to school too. 否定句 Tom doesnt go to school either. too和also用于肯定句中時(shí)，否定句中用either替換。 （4）見到already變否定句時(shí),要換成yet。例1 He has had supper already. He hasnt had supper yet.三 .現(xiàn)在進(jìn)行時(shí)變否定句規(guī)則 1規(guī)則： 現(xiàn)在進(jìn)行時(shí)變否定句時(shí)，只需在beam is are后加not . 例1 I am watching TV . 否定

18、句 I am not watching TV . 或 Im not watching TV 例2 They are playing basketball . 否定句 They are not playing basketball 或They arent playing basketball . 2注意: (1) 見到some 變否定句時(shí),要換成any. 例1 I am eating some apples. 否定句 I am not eating any apples. 或Im not eating any apples. 例2 They are singsing some songs . 否

19、定句 They are not singsing any songs . 或 They arent singsing any songs .(2) 見到and 變否定句時(shí),要換成or. 例1 I am eating apples and oranges . 否定句 I am not eating apples or oranges .或 Im not eating or apples. (3) 見到too和also變否定句時(shí),要換成either. 例1. Tom goes to school too. 否定句 Tom doesnt go to school either. too和also用于

20、肯定句中時(shí)，否定句中用either替換。 （4）見到already變否定句時(shí),要換成yet。 例1 He has had supper already. He hasnt had supper yet.四 .過去進(jìn)行時(shí)變否定句規(guī)則 過去進(jìn)行時(shí)變否定句時(shí)，只需在bewas were后加not . 例1 I was watching TV . 否定句 I was not watching TV . 例2 They were playing basketball . 否定句 They were not playing basketball 或 They werent playing basketba

21、ll . 注意：(1) 見到some 變否定句時(shí),要換成any. 例1 I was eating some apples. 否定句 I was not eating any apples.例2 They were singsing some songs . 否定句They were not singsing any songs . 或They werent singsing any songs . (2) 見到and 變否定句時(shí),要換成or. 例1 I was eating apples and oranges . 否定句I was not eating apples or oranges .

22、 或I wasnt eating apples or oranges. 例2 He was speaking English and French. 否定句He was not speaking English or French.或He wasnt speaking English or French. (3) 見到too和also變否定句時(shí),要換成either. 例1. Tom goes to school too. 否定句 Tom doesnt go to school either. too和also用于肯定句中時(shí)，否定句中用either替換。 （4）見到already變否定句時(shí),要換

23、成yet。 例1 He has had supper already. He hasnt had supper yet.五 一般將來時(shí)變否定句規(guī)則 (a) 含有will shall 的句子,變否定句時(shí),只需在will shall 后加 not . 例1 He will listen to me . 否定句 He will not listen to me .或 He wont listen to me . 例2 I shall study English tomorrow . 否定句 I shall not study English tomorrow . (b) 在be going to 結(jié)

24、構(gòu)中 ,變否定句時(shí),只需在be后加not . 例1 It is going to rain. 要下雨了。 否定句 It is not going to rain. 或 It isnt going to rain. 例2 We are going to have a meeting today. 今天我們開會。否定句 We are not going to have a meeting today.或 We arent going to have a meeting today . 例3 Im going to be a teacher . 否定句 Im not going to be a te

25、acher . 注意: (1) 見到some 變否定句時(shí),要換成any. 例1 I shall eat some apples . 變否定 I shall not eat any apples . 或 I shant eat any apples . 例2 He will drink some water . 變否定 He will not drink any water .或 He wont drink any water . (2) 見到and 變否定句時(shí),要換成or. 例1 We shall eat some apples and oranges . 否定句 We shall not e

26、at any apples or oranges . 或 We shant eat any apples or oranges .例2 They are going to study English and Maths nest year . 否定句 They are not going to study English or Maths nest year . 或 They arent going to study English or Maths nest year . (3) 見到too和also變否定句時(shí),要換成either. 例1. Tom goes to school too. 否

27、定句 Tom doesnt go to school either. too和also用于肯定句中時(shí)，否定句中用either替換。 （4）見到already變否定句時(shí),要換成yet。 例1 He has had supper already. He hasnt had supper yet.六 過去將來時(shí)變否定句規(guī)則 （a) 含有 would should 的句子，變否定句時(shí)，只需在 would should 后加not 。 例1 He would listen to me . 否定句 He would not listen to me . 或 He wouldnt listen to me

28、. 例2 I should study English . 否定句 I should not study English . 或I shouldnt study English . （b) 在 was were going to 結(jié)構(gòu)中 ，變否定句時(shí) ， 只需在 was were 后加not 。 例1 It was going to rain . 否定句 It was not going to rain . 或 It wasnt going to rain . 例2 They were going to Shanghai . 否定句 They were not going to Shangha

29、i . 或They werent going to Shanghai . 注意: a 見到some 變否定句時(shí),要換成any. 例1 I should eat some apples . 變否定 I should not eat any apples . 或 I shouldnt eat any apples . 例2 He would drink some water . 變否定 He would not drink any water . 或 He wouldnt drink any water . b 見到and 變否定句時(shí),要換成or. 例1 We should eat some ap

30、ples and oranges . 否定句 We should not eat any apples or oranges . 或 We shouldnt eat any apples or oranges . 例2 They were going to study English and Maths nest year . 否定句They were not going to study English or Maths nest year . 或 They werent going to study English or Maths nest year . c 見到too和also變否定句

31、時(shí),要換成either. 例1. Tom goes to school too. 否定句 Tom doesnt go to school either. too和also用于肯定句中時(shí)，否定句中用either替換。d 見到already變否定句時(shí),要換成yet。 例1 He has had supper already. He hasnt had supper yet.七 現(xiàn)在完成時(shí)變否定句規(guī)則 現(xiàn)在完成時(shí)變否定句時(shí),只需在have或has后加not. 例1 I have already finished my homework. 我已經(jīng)完成了我的作業(yè). 否定句 I have not alre

32、ady finished my homework. 或I havent finished my homework yet. 我已經(jīng)完成了我的作業(yè).注意： (1)肯定句中有some, already時(shí)， 改為否定句或疑問句時(shí)通常要分別改為any, yet。 例1：I have read some English books before. 否定句：I have not read any English books before. (2) 見到and 變否定句時(shí),要換成or.如： 例1：He has eatten some apples and eggs . 否定句 He has not eatt

33、en apples or oreggs . (3) 見到too和also變否定句時(shí),要換成either. 例1. Tom goes to school too. 否定句 Tom doesnt go to school either. too和also用于肯定句中時(shí)，否定句中用either替換。 （4）見到already變否定句時(shí),要換成yet。 例1 He has had supper already. He hasnt had supper yet.八 過去完成時(shí)變否定句規(guī)則 過去完成時(shí)變否定句時(shí),只需在had后加not. 例1 I had already finished my homew

34、ork. 我已經(jīng)完成了我的作業(yè). 否定句I had not already finished my homework. 或I hadnt finished my homework yet. 我已經(jīng)完成了我的作業(yè).注意 (1)肯定句中有some, already時(shí)， 改為否定句或疑問句時(shí)通常要分別改為any, yet。 例1：I had read some English books before. 否定句：I had not read any English books before. (2) 見到and 變否定句時(shí),要換成or.如： 例1：He had eatten some apples

35、and eggs . 否定句 H had not eatten apples or oreggs . (3) 見到too和also變否定句時(shí),要換成either. 例1. Tom goes to school too. 否定句 Tom doesnt go to school either. too和also用于肯定句中時(shí)，否定句中用either替換。 （4）見到already變否定句時(shí),要換成yet。 例1 He has had supper already. He hasnt had supper yet. 一般現(xiàn)在時(shí)精煉一 將下列句子變否定句。 例1 I am a boy. 例2 You

36、are a girl. 例3 He is a teacher. 例4 Jim is English. 例5 These are bikes. 例6 Those are maps. 例7 They are buses. 例8 We are Chinese.二 將下列句子變否定句。 例1 Im a boy. 例2 Youre a girl. 例3 Hes a teacher.例4 Its a pen. 例5 These are some bikes. 例6 Those are maps and pencils. 例7 Theyre some buses and cars. 例8 She is yo

37、ur teacher.三 將下列句子變疑問句。 例1 I am a boy. 例2 You are a girl. 例3 He is my teacher. 例4 Jim is our English. 例5 These are some bikes. 例6 Those are my maps. 例7 They are some buses. 例8 We are Chinese.四 將下列句子變成疑問句。 例1 Im a boy. 例2 Youre a girl. 例3 Hes my teacher.例4 Its a pen. 例5 These are some bikes. 例6 Those

38、 are maps and pencils. 例7 Theyre some buses and cars. 例8 She is your teacher.五 將下列句子變否定句。 例1 I teach English. 例2 They go to school. 例3 We sing a song. 例4 He spells it. 例5 She goes to school. 例6 He does his homework. 例7 They do their homework. 例8 I do my homework.六 將下列句子變否定句。 例1 He teaches my English

39、. 例2 They speak English and French. 例3 We eat some apples. 例4 Jim spells it. 例5 She goes to our school. 例6 He does some homework. 例7 They do their homework. 例8 We do some homework.七 將下列句子變疑問句。 例1 I teach English. 例2 They go to school. 例3 We sing a song. 例4 He spells it. 例5 She goes to school. 例6 He

40、does his homework. 例7 They does their homework. 例8 I do my homework.八 將下列句子變疑問句。 例1 He teaches my English. 例2 They speak English and French. 例3 We eat some apples. 例4 Jim spells it. 例5 She goes to our school. 例6 He does some homework. 例7 They do their homework. 例8 We do some homework. 九 將下列句子變否定句。 例1 I can dance. 例2 They can speak English. 例3He must go home. 例4 He must be on the playground. 例5 You must say something at the mecting. 例6 You may come in now. 例7 He may watch TV . 例8 We need speak English.十 將下列句子變否定句。 例1 I can dance and sing. 例2 They ca